大學英語四級閱讀40篇(含答案)

書名：《大學英語四級閱讀2()()篇》前4()篇

出版社：上海交通大學出版社

1/200.

Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.Short-range

goalsarethosethatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecanapplyonadaily

basis.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekorless,ortwoweeks,orpossiblemonths.

Itshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthanitsfoundation,outlo

ng-termgoalscannotamounttoverymunchwithouttheachievementofsolidshort-term

goals.Uponcompletingourshort-termgoals,weshou'ddatetheoccasionandthenadd

newshort-termgoalsthatwillbuildonthosethathavebeencompleted.

Theintermediategoalsbukldonthefoundationoftheshort-rangegoals.Theymightdeal

withjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyear,ortheycouldevenextendforse

veralyears.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatime,youshouldneverallowyourselftobe

comediscouragedoroverwhelmed.Asyoucompleteeachstep,youwillenforcethebeli

efinyourabilitytogrowadnsucceed.Andasyourlistofcompletiondatesgrow,your

motivationanddesirewillincrease.

Long-rangegoalsmayberelatedtoourdreamsofthefuture.Theymightcoverfiveyea

rsormore.Lifeisnotastaticthing.Weshouldneverallowalong-termgoaltolimitu

sorourcourseofaction.

1.Ourlong-termgoalsmeanalot.

a.ifwecompleteourshort-rangegoals

b.ifwecannotreachsolidshort-termgoals

c.ifwewritedownthedates

d.ifweputforwardsomeplans

2.Newshuil-lenngoalsarebulidupon

a.twoyears

b.long-termgoals

c.currentactivities

(1.thegoalsthathavebeencompleted

3.Whenwecompleteeachstepofourgoals,

a.wewillwinfinalsuccess

b.weareoverwhelmed

c.weshouldbuildupconfidenceofsuccess

d.weshouldstrongdesireforsettingnewgoals

4.Onceourgoalsaredrawnup,.

a.weshouldsticktothemuntilwecompletethem

b.wemaychangeourgoalsaswehavenewideasandopportunities

c.wehadbelterwaitfortheexcitingnewsofsuccess

d.wehavemadegreatdecision

5.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat.

a.thosewhohabelong-termgoalswillsucceed

b.writingdownthedatesmaydiscourageyou

c.thegoalisonlyaguideforustoreachourdesination

d.everyshouldhaveagoal

1/20()答案：adcbc

2/200

TheeconomyoftheUnitedstatesafter1952wastheeconnomyofawell-fed,almostful

lyemployedpeople.Dcspitoccasionalalarms,thecountryescapedanypostwardepressio

nandlivedinastateofboom.Aneconomicsurveyoftheyear1955,atypicalyearo

fthe1950's,maybetypicalasillustratingtherapideconomicgrowthofthedecade.The

nationaloutputwasvalueat10percentabovethatof1954(1955outputwasestimated

al392billiondollars).Theproductionofmanufacturerswasabout40percentmorethan

ithadaveragedintheyearsimmediatelyfollowingWorldWar2.Thecountry'sbusiness

spentabout30billiondollarsfornewfacloiicsandiiiauhinury.Naliunaliiiuumcavailabl

eforspendingwasalmostathirdgreaterthanithadbeenithadbeenin1950.Consum

ersspentabout256billiondollars;thatisabout700milliondollarsaday,orabouttwe

niy-fivemilliondollarseveryhour,allroundtheclock.Sixty-fivemillionpeopleheldjob

sandonlyalittlemorethantwomillionwantedjobsbutcouldnotfindthem.Onlyagr

icullurecomplainedthatitwasnotsharingintheroom.Tosomeobserversthiswasan

ominousechoofthemid-1920's.Asfarmer'sshreof(heirproductsdeclined,marketingc

ostsrose.Buttherewere,amongtheobserversofthenationaleconomy,afewwhowere

notasconfidentasthemajority.Thosefewseemedtofearthattheboomcouldnotlas

tandwouldeventuallyleadtotheoppsite-depression.

1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

a.TheAgriculaturalTrendsof1950's

b.TheUnemploymentRateof1950's

c.U.S.Economyinthe5()'s

d.TheFederalBudgetof1952

2.InLint4,theword“bucnii“couldbestbereplacedby.

a.nearbyexplosion

b.thunderousnoise

c.generalpublicsupport

(1.rapideconomicgrowth

3.IlcanbeinferredthenationalfromthepassagethatmostpeopleintheUnitedStale

sin1955viewedthenationaleconomywithanairof.

a.confidence

b.confusion

c.disappointment

d.suspicion

4.WhichofthefollowingwereLEASTsatisfiedwiththenationaleconomyinthe1950

's?

a.Economists

b.Frmaers

c.Politicians

(1.Steelworkers

5.ThepassagestalesthatincomavailableforspendingintheU.S.wasgreaterin195

5thanin1950.Howmuchwasit?

a.60%

b.5()%

u.33%

d.90%

2/200答案:cdabc

3/200

WomenarealsoundciTcprescntcdintheadministrationandthisisbecausetherearesof

cwwomenfullprofessors.In1985,RegentBerylMilburnproducedareportblastingthe

UniversityofTexasSystemadminitrationfornotencouragingwomen.TheUniversityw

asratedamongthelowestforthesystem.Ina1987update,Milburncommendedthepr

ogressthatwasmadeandcalledforevenmoreimprovement.

OneofthepositiveresultsfromherstudywasaSystem-wideprogramtoinformwomen

ofavailableadministrativejobs.

CollegeofCommunicationAssociateDeanPatricaWitherspoon,saiditisimportantthat

womanbeflexiblewhenitcomestorelocatingiftheywanttoriseintheranks.

Althoughawomanmayfaceachillyclimateoncampus,manytimesinorderforherto

succeed,shemustriseabovetheproblemsaroundherandconcentrateonherwork.

UntilwomenmakeupagreaterpercentageofIheseniorpositionsintheUniversityand

allacademia,inequitieswillexist.

"Womenneedtospendtheirenergiesandtimedoingscholarlyactivitiesthatareimporta

nrhereattheIJniversity."Spirdusosaid."Iftheydothatwillhesuccessfulinthissystem.

Iftheyspendtheirtimeinlittlegroupsmourningthesexualdiscriminationthattheythi

nkexistshere,theyarewastingvaluablestudytime."

1.AccordingtoSpirduso,womenneedto.

a.produceareportonsexualdiscrimination

b.callforfurtherimprovementintheirworkingconditions

u.spend(heirenergiescindlimefightingagitinslsexualdisuriiniiialion

(1.spendmoretimeandenergydoingscholarlyactivities

2.Fromthispassage,weknowthat.

a.therearemanywomenfullprofessorsintheUniversityofTexas

b.womenplayanimportantpartinadminitratingtheUniversity

c.theweatheronthecampusischilly

d.womenmakeupasmallpercentageoftheseniorpositionsintheUniversity

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

a.thenumberofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wasgreaterthanthatof

1985

b.thenumberofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wassmallerthanthatof

1985

c.thenumberofwomenprofessorswasthesameasthatof1985

d.moreandmorewomenprofessorsthoughtthatsexualdiscriminationdidexitinthe

University

4.OneofthepositiveresultsfromMilburn'sstudyv/asthat.

a.womenweretoldtoconcentrateonteirwork

b.womenweregiveninformationaboutavailableadministrativejobs

c.womenwereencouragedtotakeonalltheadministrativejobsintheUnversity

d.womenwereencouragedtodomorescholarlyactivities

5.Thetitleforthispassageshouldbe.

a.TheUniversityofTexas

b.Milburn'sReport

c.WomenProfessors

d.SexualDiscriminationinAcademia

3/200答案：ddabd

4/200

Today,asineveryotherdayoftheyear,morethan3000U.S.adlescentswillsmokeI

heirfirstcigaretteontheirwaytobecomingregularsmokersasadults.Duringtheirlifeti

me,itcanbeexpectedthatofthese300()about23willbemurdered,3()willdieintraffi

caccidents,andnearly750willbekilledbyasmoking-relateddisease.Thenumberofd

eathsattributedtocigarettesmokingoutweithtsallotherfactors,whethervoluntaryorinv

oluntary,asacauseofdeath.

Sincethelate1970s,whendailysmokingamonghighschoolseniorsreached30precent,

smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclined.Whilethedeclineisimpressive,severalimpo

rtantissuesmustberaised.

First,inthepastseveralyears,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle.Sec

ond,inthelate1970s,smokingamongmalehighschoolseniorsexceededthatamongf

emalebynearly1()percent.Thestatisticisreversing.Third,severalrecentstudieshavei

ndicatehighschooldropoutshaveexcessivelyhighsmokingrates,asmuchas75percen

t.

Finally,thouthsignificantdeclinesinadolescentsmokinghaveoccurredinthepastdecad

e,nodefinitereasonsforthedeclineexist.Withinthiscontext,theNaionalCancerInstiu

te(NCI)beganitscurrentefforttodeterminethemosteffecivemeasurestoreducesmok

ingleveslamongyouth.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thedeathsamongyoutharemainlycausedby.

a.trafficauuidciils

b.smoking-relateddesease

c.murder

d.allofthese

2.Everydaythereareoverhighschoolstrdentswhowillbecomeregularsm

oker.

a.75b.23c.30d.3000

3.By"dropout"theauthormeans.

a.studentswhofailedtheexamination

b.studentswholeftschool

c.studentswholosttheirway

d.studentswhoweredrivenoutofschool

4.Thereasonfordecliningadolescentsmokingisthat.

a.NCIhastakeneffectivemeasures

b.smokingispreventedamonghighschoolseniors

c.therearemanysmokerswhohavediedofcancer

d.noneofthese

5.Whatisimpliedbutnotstatedbytheauthoristhat.

a.smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle

b.therearenowmorefemalethanmalesmokersamonghighschoolseniors

c.highsmokingratesareduetotheinceaseinwealth

d.smokingathighschoolarefromlowsocio-economicbackgrounds

4/200答案:bdbdb

5/200

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasma

deenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademany

foodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofallhumanill

nessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,espec

iallycancerofthecolon.Differentculturesaremorelikelytocausecertaindifferentiiln

essesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoi

llnessisntoanewdiscovery.In1945,about35yearsago,governmentresearchersrcaliz

edthatnitrates,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivies,cau

sedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredi

fficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodare

helpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengive

penicillintobeefandlivinganimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinth

emilkoftreatedcow.Sometimessimilardrugsaregiventoanimalsnotformedicalpur

poses,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersarcsimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinor

dertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration

(FDA.hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

1.Whatisthebestpossibletitleofthepassage?

a.DrugandFood

b.CancerandHealth

c.FoodandHealth

d.HealthandDrug

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTture?

a.Drugsarealwaysgivenloaninialsfurmedicalreasons

b.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegivent

othelivinganimals

c.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangersoffoodadditivesforoverthirty-

fiveyears.

d.Foodmaycausefortypercentofcancerinworld.

3.Howhassciencedonesomethingharmfultomankind?

a.Becauseofscience,diseasescausedbypollutedfoodhavenbeenvirtuallyeliminated.

b.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

c.Becauseoftheapplicationofscience,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeen

addedtofood.

d.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

4.Whatarenitratesusedfor?

a.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.

b.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.

c.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.

d.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.

5.ThewordCarcinogenic'mostnearlymeans'

a.trouble-making

b.color-retaining

c.money-making

d.uaiicer-ciiusiiig

5/20()答案：cacbd

6/200

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Once

youareinthehabitofrushingthroughlift,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,iti

shardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.

Stressisannaturalpartofeverydayliftandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisn

otthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovid

emotivationadngivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthat

itcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.

Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.Some

peoplearenotafraidofstress,andsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimematerialforma

nagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsofunusualdifficulties.When

exposedtostress,inwhateverform,wcreactbothchemicallyandphysically.Infactwc

makechoicebetween,,fight,'or"flight"andinmoreprimitivedaysthechoicemadethed

ifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayareunlikelytobesoextreme,

buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesameresponse.ItiswhensuchareactionI

astslong,throughcontinuedexposuretostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseri

ousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasehaveestablishedlinkswithstress.

Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives(itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwe

could),weneedtofindwaystodealwithit.

1.Peoplearcfindinglessandlesstimeforrelaxingthemselvesbecause.

a.theydonotknowhowtoenjoythemselves

b.theydonotbelievethatrelaxationisimportantforhealth

c.theyarctravellingfastallthetime

d.theyaiebecomingbusierwith(heirwork

2.Accordingtothewriter,themostimportantcharacterforagoodmanagerishis

a.notfearingstress

b.knowingtheartofrelaxation

c.highsenseofresponsibility

(1.havingcontroloverperformance

3.Whichofthefollwingstatementsisture?

a.Wccanfindsomewaystoavoidstress

b.Stressisalwaysharmfultopeople

c.Itiseasytochangethehagitofkeepingoneselfbusywithwork.

d.Differentpeoplecanwithstanddifferentamountsofstress

4.InParagraph3,"suchareaction"refersbackto.

a/'makingachoicebetween'flight*or'fight”'

b."reactiontostressbothchemicallyandphysically"

c.”respondingtocrisesquickly1'

d."losingheartatthesignsdifficulties"

5.Inthelastsentenceofthepassage,"doso"refersto.

a."exposeourselvestostress1'

b.ufindwaystodealwithstress11

u."removestressfromourlives"

(1."establishedlinksbetweendiseasesandstress"

6/200答案:dadbc

IntheI960s,manyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.Theywa

needtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallofthepeopleintheU.S.epual.Someo

fthemdecidedto"dropout"ofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.Theyfor

medutopiancommunities,whichtheycalled"communes,"wheretheycouldfollowtheirph

ilosophyof'doyourownthing."AgroupofartistsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColor

adocalled"DropCity."FollowingtheideasofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFulle

rtheybuiltdomeshapedhousesfrompiecesofoldcars.Othergroups,suchasauthorKe

iiKcscy'sMerryPiankstcrs,thefollowersfuSanFranciscopodSieveGakin,andagrou

pthatcalleditselftheHogFarm,livedinoldschoolhusesandtraveledaroundtheUnit

edStates.TheHogFarmbecomefamouswhentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRoc

kFestivalin1969.SteveGaskin'sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTennessee,

buttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegruopwerearrestedforgrowingmari

juana.

Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyof"doyouownthing,"however.TwinOak

s,acommunefoundedinVirgianiainthelate1960s,wasbasedontheideasofpsych

ologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecarefullycontrolledby

Skinner'snconditioning"techniqiiestodothingsthatweregoodforthecommunity.In1972,

ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosanti,autopiancityArizsonawhere25

00peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalledan"archology"Snleribeli

evesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogethersothattheywillallbecomeone.

1.WhydidsomeyoungAmericansdecideto"dropout"ofscoielyduringthe1960s?

a.TheywerenotsatisfiedwithAmericansociety.

b.Theywantedtogrowmarijuana.

u.TheywantedlogolotheVieliiainWar.

(1.Theydidnotwantallpeopletobeequal.

2.WheredidthemembersoftheHogFarmcommunelive?

a.Indome-shapedhouse

b.Inoldschoolhuses

c.OnafarminTennessee

d.InanarchologyinArizona

3.WhogavethepeopleofDropCitytheideatobuliddome-shapedhouse?

a.PaoloSoleri

b.B.G.Skinner

c.SteveGaskin

d.BuckminsterFuller

4.WhatwastheTwinOakscommunebaseon?

a.Thephilosophyof"doyourownthing1'

b.Virginaiainthelate1960s

c.Theideasofpsychologist

d.Thebeliefthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogerher.

5.Whatisan"archology',?

a.Apersonwhostudiesarchaeology

b.Alargebuildingwherepeoplelivecloselylogelher

c.AcityinArizona

d.Atechniquetocontorlpeople

7/200答案：abdeb

8/200

Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortof

brainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethan

others.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavea

loworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswh

athappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindivi

dualishandicappedenvionmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhe

willneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.

Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintellingencecanbedemon

straledbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidentical,the

twinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthe

twinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefoster

homes.Peterwasreatedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpo

oreducationalpooprtunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohad

beentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopport

unitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenviromentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwins

wereintheiilateteens,whentheyweregibcnteselstomeasurellieirintelligence.Maik

'sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigher

thanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,

wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

1.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled.

a.MeasuringYourIntelligence

b.InlelligenueandEnviionineul

c.TheCaseofPeterandMark

d.HowthebrainInfluencesIntelligence

2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat.

a.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably

b.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimprotantindetermininghisintelligence

c.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson'sintelligence

d.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence

3.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is.

a.85

b.100

c.HO

d.125

4.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat

a.individualwithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatsamelevel

b.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenviroment

c.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence

d.changesofenviromentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain

5.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual'sI.Q..

canbepredictedalbirlli

b.staysthesamethrouthouthislife

c.canbeincreasedbyeducation

d.isdeterminedbyhischildhood

8/20()答案：bcbcc

9/200

Asshewalkedroundthehugedepartmentstore,Edithreflectedhowdifficultitwastoc

hooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishesthathewasaseasytoplea

seashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume

Besides,shoppongatthistimeoftheyearwasamostdisgrceablcexperience:peopletro

donyourtoes,pokedyouwiththeirelbowsandalmostknockedyouoverintheirhaste

togettoabargainaheadofyou.

Partlytohavearest,Edithpausedinfrontofacounterwheresomeattracivetieswere

ondisplay."Theyarerealsilk,"theassistantassuredher,tryingtotempther."Worthdoub

Ietheprice."Buteditknewfrompastexperiencethatherchoiceoftieshardlyeverplea

sedherfather.

Shemovedonreluctantlyandthenquitebychance,stoppedwhereasmallcrowdofma

nhadgatheredroundacounter.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipesonsale-andthepr

iceswereveryreasonable.Edithdidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfatheronlysmok

edapipeoccasionally,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasbundtopleasehim.

Whenshegothome,withhersmallwell-chosenpresentconcealedinherhandbag,herp

arentswerealreadyatthesuppertable.Hermotherwasinanespeciallycheerfulmood,

"Yourfatherhasatlasttodecidedtostopsmoking."Sheinformedherdaughter.

I.Edith'sfather.

a.didnullikepresent

b.nevergotpresent

c.preferredties

d.wasdifficulttochooseapresentfor

2.TheassistantspoketoEdithbecausesheseemed

a.attractive

b.interestedinties

c.tired

d.inneedofcomfort

3.Edithstoppedatthenextcounter.

a.purosely

b.suddenly

c.unwillingly

d.accidentally

4.Edith'sfathersmokedapipe.

a.whenhewasobliged

b.onsocialoccasions

c.fromtimetolime

d.whenhewasdelighted

5.ShoppingwasverydisagreeablealthatlimeofIlieyearbecause.

a.coustomerstrodoneachother'stoes

b.coustomerspokedeachotherwiththeirelbows

c.customersknockedeachother

(1.customersweredoingtheirshoppinginagreathurry

9/200答案：dbded

10/200

Ifthepopulationoftheearthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,therewilleventually

notbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheplanet.Bythemiddleofthe21stcent

ury,ifpresenttrendscontinue,wcwillhaveusedupalltheoilthatdrivesourcars,for

example.Evenifscientistsdevelopnewwaysoffeedingthehumanrace,thecrowdedc

onditionsonearthwillmakeitnecessaryforlustolookforopenspacesomewhereelse.

Butnoneoftheotherplanetsinoursolarsystemarecapableofsupportinglifeatpres

ent.Onepossiblesolutiontotheproblem,however,hasrecentlybeensuggestedbyAmer

icanscientist,ProfessorCarlSagan.

Saganbelievesthatbeforetheearth'sresourcesarecompleetelyexhausteditwillbepossi

bletochangetheatmophcrcofVenusandsocreateanewworldalmostaslargeascart

hitself.ThedifficultisthatVenusismuchhotterthantheearthandthereisonlyatin

yamountofwaterthere.

Saganproposesthatalgaeorganismsthatcanliveinextremelyhotorcoldatmospheresa

ndatthesametimeproduceoxygen,shouldbebredinconditionsimilartothoseonVe

nus.Assoonasthishasbeendone,thealgaewillbeplacedinsmallrockets.Spaceship

willthenflytoVenusandfiretherocketsintotheatmosphere.Inafairlyshorttime,t

healgewillbreakdownthecarbondioxideintooxygenandcarbon.

WhenthealgaehavedoneLheriwork,thealinospherewillbecomeuooltr,butbelorIIRIII

cansetfootonVenusitwillbencccessaryfbrtheoxygentoproducerain.Thesurface

oftheplanetwillstillbetoohotformantolandonitbuttherainwilleventuallyfall

andinafewyearssomethinglikeearthwillbereproducedonVenus.

1.Intelongrun,themostinsolubleproblemcausedbypopulationgrowthonearthwill

probablybethelackof.

a.food

b.oil

c.space

d.resources

2.CarlSaganbelievesthatVenusmightbecolonizedfromearthbecause

a.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphere

b.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth's

c.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenus

d.thedaysonVenusarelongenough

3.OnVenusthereisalotof.

a.water

b.carbondioxide

c.carbonmonoxide

d.oxygen

4.Algaeareplantsthatcan.

a.liveinveryhoileinpeialures

b.liveinverycoldtemperatures

c.manufactureoxygen

d.alloftheabove

5.MancanlandonVenusonlywhen.

a.thealgaehavedonetheirwork

b.theatmospherebecomescooler

c.thereisoxygen

d.itrainsthere

10/200答案:cabdd

11/200

Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,youmustbe

anoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.Doyou

prefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowt

hanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andthe

yshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcoloursprefere

nee,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.Theytellsus,amongother

facts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouriteclourasv/egrowup-wearebomwithour

preference.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidso.assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,

oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.

Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods-thereisnodoubtaboutit.Ayellowroommakesmos

tpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbri

ngswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.

AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuici

desthananyotherbridgeinthearea-untilitwasrepaintergreen.Thenumberofsuici

deallcniplsinimcdialclylollsharply;perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifihebridg

ehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.

Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhppierbutmoreactive.Itisanestablishe

dfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmac

hinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.

l."Youwouldratherfollowthanre