2024年中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講義

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)許多由不及物動(dòng)詞和介詞、副詞等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于

考點(diǎn)一：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和用法及物動(dòng)詞，可以有賓語(yǔ)，也可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。但是，短語(yǔ)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞是?個(gè)不可分割的整體，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞掠構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞。

二.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法Theypuloffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.

在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，主要用于下列幾種—>Themeetingwasputoffbecauseofweather.

情況：五.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中后加省略t。的不定式的“四看”(look,

1.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。watch,see,notice)"三讓"(let,make,have)“二聽(tīng)"

ThiswatchismadeinChina.(listento,hear)”一感覺(jué)"(feel),變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí),應(yīng)加

2.沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。上不定式符號(hào)tOo

Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.如：Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.

3.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)?！狝heavymanwasseentoenterthehousebyme.

Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.

考點(diǎn)二：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換—>Thegirlismadetostayathomebyhim.

一.“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)”句型變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)一：將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

I.先將主動(dòng)句里的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)，若主動(dòng)句I.Wecleantheclassroomafterschooleveryday.

中的賓語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，要將賓格變?yōu)橹鞲瘛?/p>

然后把主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)，主格代詞變2.Canyoumakethiswatchwork?

成賓格代詞，并由by引出。

最后將主動(dòng)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)形式c3.Hepassedmeabookjustnow.

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)形式+就作承受者①________________________________________________________________________

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):動(dòng)作承受者+諾過(guò)上史更作執(zhí)行②________________________________________________________________________

者4.Theoldmangaveusmuchhelp.

WeaskedhimtosinganEnglishsong.?________________________________________________________________________

—>HcwasaskedtosinganEnglishsongbyus.②________________________________________________________________________

二.“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+雙賓語(yǔ)”(sb.Sth.)句型變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)5.OurteachertaughtusEnglishsongs.

通常把指“人”的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，指“物”的直接賓①________________________________________________

語(yǔ)保留不變；如果把指“物”的直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，則在②________________________________________________________________________

間接賓語(yǔ)前加I。或for。K在間接賓語(yǔ)前加“to”,這類(lèi)動(dòng)6.Jackwateredtheflowersyesterday.

詞有：give,offer,lend,pass,promise,tell等；在間接賓語(yǔ)

前加“for”,這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：buy,cook,get,make等D7.Weoftenseehimplaybasketballontheplaygroundafter

Shegavemeabook.school.

—?Iwasgivenabookbyher.(間接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ))

—Abookwasgiventomebyher.(直接賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ))8.Wetookgoodcareofthesickdog.

注意：并非所有的間接賓語(yǔ)都可作為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)

ShewroteMissGreenaletter.練習(xí)二：將下列句子變成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

—?AletterwaswrittentoMissGreenbyher.(7)1.Theticketwasfoundonthefloorbyus.

—>MissGreenwaswrittenaletterbyher.(x)

三.“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”句型變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Theactorwaslovedbytheyoungpeople.

賓語(yǔ)加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，

只把賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)飛賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足港保留在原處，成Theclothesaren'twashedbyher.

為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

Wesawhimout.Whatwasfoundbythem?

—>Hewasseenout.

Shehaskeptuswaitingforanhour.Iwasmadetogotherealonebymyfather.

—Wehavebeenkeptwaitingfbranhour.

IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.考點(diǎn)三：主要時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

—?Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例句

四.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)三：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

I.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.

The

般Weclean

am/is/arcclassroom

現(xiàn)dodoesthe2.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.

+doneiscleaned

在classroom.

byus.

時(shí)3.1havegiventhisbooktothelibrary.

般Thekite4.Theyuseknivesforcuttingthings.

was/wereHemade

過(guò)didwasmade

+donethekite.

去byhim.5.Jameshasleftaparcelforyou.

時(shí)

6.Wccleanedtheclassroomyesterday.

will/shall/Treeswill

般will/shall/beTheywill

begoingbeplanted

將goingto+planttrees7.Shei$preparingdinnerrightnow.

to+bebythem

來(lái)dotonionow.

donetomorrow.

時(shí)8.TheywerediscussingtheissuewhenIarrived.

現(xiàn)The

Sheis

在am/is/areflowersare9.TheyhadalreadyeatenallthepizzabythetimeIarnved.

am/is/arewatering

進(jìn)+beingbeing

+doingthe

行donewateredby練習(xí)四：用適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞填空。

flowers.

時(shí)her.1.Canhe___________(speak)English?

現(xiàn)2.Whatlanguage____________(speak)inthatcountry?

Thework

在have/hasJimhas3.Thefilm__________(show)manytimessincelastSunday.

士have/has+hasbeen

兀+beenfinished4.TheseTVsets___________(make)inSichuan.

donefinishedby

成donethework.5.Ithasgotsodark.Wouldyouplease____________(turn)on

Jim.

時(shí)thelight9

Aletter6.Anewhospital___________(build)inthisareanow.

過(guò)Shewas

wasbeing7.Thewindow____________(notbreak)bytheboy.

去was/wcrcwritinga8.English__________

was/wcrcwrittenby_(speak)inmanycouniries.

進(jìn)+beingletterthis

+doingherthis9.Justafewyearsago,tomatoes(believe)tohave

行donetime

timemagicalpowers,makingpeoplewhoatetliemfallinlove.

時(shí)yesterday.

yesterday.10.Itissaidnewcopiesofthebook(print)now.

11.Theoldhouse(pull)downnextmonth.

過(guò)JimhadThework

12.Intheolddays,thechildren(lookafter)bythe

去had+finishedhadbeen

motherbecauseshedidnotworkoutsidethehouse.

完had+donebeentheworkfinishedby

13.Theteachersaidthatwe(give)anotherchance

成donebylastJimbylast

時(shí)week.week.sometimenextmonthifwcfailedintheexam.

練習(xí)五：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。

wouldbe

過(guò)1.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將于十一月舉行。

doneHesaidheHesaida

去①woulddoThesportsmeeting_inNovember.

was/werewouldkitewould

將@was/were2.昨天下午在學(xué)校禮堂舉行了一場(chǎng)有關(guān)美國(guó)文化的講座。

goingtomakeabemade

來(lái)goingtodoAlectureonAmericancultureintheschool

bedonekite.byhim.

時(shí)hallyesterdayafternoon.

3.除非他被邀請(qǐng)，否則我是不會(huì)去那里的。

注意：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為:

Iwon'tgothereunlesshe.

主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedone,(can/may/must/should+be+

練習(xí)六：?jiǎn)芜x。

done)

I.Thenewproductbyourteamnextweek.

Icanfindhim.

A.willbelaunchedB.launches

Hecanbefoundbyme.

C.islaunchingD.hasbeenlaunched

2.Theletter__________tothewrongaddressyesterday.Theseclotheswasheasily.

A.sendsB.wassentMypenwritessmoothly.

C.hassentD.willsend二.44wai)t/need/iequiie十doing”相當(dāng)T^want/need/requiie

3.Thecake__________bymymotherlastmonth.+tobedone”。

A.wasbakedB.bakesMybikeneedsrepairing=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.

C.hasbakedD.willbebakingYourhairneedscutting.

4.Theconcert_at7pmtomonow.Theplantwantswateringeveryday.

A.willbeheldB.holdsThisproblemrequiresdiscussingindetail.

C.isholdingD.hasheld三."bcworth+動(dòng)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)含義。

5.Therules__________beforethegamestarts.Themovieisworthwatching.

A.willbeexplainedB.explainsThebookisworthreadingagain.

C.arcexplainingD.haveexplained四.感官動(dòng)詞作如feel,smell,sound,taste,look等作為系

6.Thcapplication________bytheHRdepartmenttonight.動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常表示被動(dòng)含義。

A.hadreviewedB.reviewsSilkfeelssoftandsmooth.

C.willbereviewedD.hasreviewedTheseapplessmelldelicious.

7.Thecake____________bymysisterforthepartytonight.Yourideasoundsgreat.

A.willbemadeB.makesThecaketastesgood.

C.ismakingD.hasmadeItlooksnice.

8.Thebook_bymanypeoplebeforebeing五.某些表示“發(fā)生(happen,takeplace,occur)"、"爆發(fā)

published.(breakout,burstout)v或"傳播”的不及物動(dòng)詞臺(tái)

A.willbereadB.readsAwarbrokeoutinthiscountrylastweek.

C.isreadingD.hasbeenreadAnaccidenthappenedatthefirstcrossingonthisstreet.

9.Themeeting___________bytheCEO.ThemeetingwilltakeplaceonthemorningofFriday.

A.willbechairedB.chairs練習(xí)七：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。

C.ischairingD.haschaired①這褲子賣(mài)得好。Thiskindofpants______well.

10.Thecar___________lastweek.②那個(gè)故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)有趣?Thatstory________interesting.

A.wasstolenB.steals③這本書(shū)值得讀。Thisbookisworth________.

C.hasstolenD.willsteal④我的手表需要修理。Mywatchneeds________/________

11.Thereport________inthenextfewdays.______________?

A.willbereleasedB.releases考點(diǎn)五：無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

C.isreleasingD.hasreleased系動(dòng)詞、不及物或某些短語(yǔ)(h叩pen,takeplace,etrue,

12.Thejoboffer___bytheendoftheweek.consistof,belong)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

A.willbemadeB.makes1.一AreyougoingtoCindy'sbirthdaypartytomorrow?

C.ismakingD.hasmade—I'mnotsure.IwillgowithyouifI_______.

13.Thedishes___________bytherestaurant'schef.A.willinviteB.invite

A.willbecookedB.cooksC.willbeinvitedD.aminvited

C.iscookingD.hascooked2.Becauseit______everyday,thefloorisveryclean.

14.Theproblem__________tobesolvedassoonasA.cleanedB.willclean

possible.C.wascleanedD.iscleaned

A.needsB.needed3.-Don'lsmokehere,please.Smoking____inpublicplaces.

C.needstobeD.neededtobe一Oh,sorry.Tilstoprightnow.

15.Thedecision___________bythemittsenextmonth.A.Isn'tallowedB.aren'tallowed

A.makesB.wi'lbemadeC.Doesn'tallowD.allow

C.ismakingD.hasmade4.Ournewlibrary______lastyear.Weenjoyreadingand

考點(diǎn)四：主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義studyinginit.

在主語(yǔ)是物的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由某些及物動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)A.buildsB.built

化來(lái)的不及物動(dòng)詞，如：sell,clean,write,wash等。這C.isbuiltD.wasbuilt

些不及物動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式常表被動(dòng)含義。5.Manyhousesbythefloodandthousandsofpeople

Thebooksellswell.werelefthomeless.

A.damagedB.weredamagednow.

C.weredamagingD.aredamagedA.suppliesB.issupplied

6.Somestudentsinthisschoolabioadasexchange

C.suppliedD.wassupplied

studentseveryyear.

5.Itlastweekthatthehaze（霧霾）inBeijingcaused

A.sentB.send

C.aresentD.sendingmanyproblems.

7.Toeveryone'sgreatsuiprise,thefamousactor'sstoryA.reportsB.reported

differentlyinthenewspapers.C.isreportedD.wasreported

A.wasreportedB.reported6.AlthoughFlightMH370hasbeenmissingfbrmonths,Ido

C.wasreportingD.reports

believeitsomedayinthefuture.

8.Ifitrainsthisweekend,oursportsmeeting.

A.willfindB.won'tfind

A.iscancelledB.wascancelled

C.willbecancelledD.cancelledC.willbefoundD.won'tbe