新教材2025版高中英語(yǔ)Unit8GreenLivingPartⅡLesson1RootsandShoots學(xué)案北師大版必修第三冊(cè)

PartⅡLesson1RootsandShoots學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)話題語(yǔ)境綠色生活與環(huán)保課時(shí)詞匯root,shoot,bother,firm,foundation,involve常用短語(yǔ)sufferfrom,sowhat,takeaction,setup,allaroundtheworld,makeadifference,haveaneffecton重點(diǎn)句式make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)；sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句單詞巧練寫準(zhǔn)記牢Ⅰ.核心單詞練習(xí)：請(qǐng)依據(jù)所給的詞性和詞義寫出單詞1．________adj.擔(dān)憂的；苦惱的2．________adj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的3．________n.基礎(chǔ)；地基4．________vt.參與；包含Ⅱ.常用單詞練習(xí)：依據(jù)句意和所給的首字母或中文提示寫出符合句中單詞的正確形式1．Ivisitedanumberofresearchi________inAsia.2．Bakethecakesuntiltheyaref________tothetouch.3．Thebuildersarenowbeginningtolaythe________(地基)ofthenewschool.4．Hehada________(磚)thrownathimatthatmeeting.5．Hewas________(參與)inaheatedargument.6．Evenifyouplanttheseedupsidedown,ther________willstillgrowdown.7．Twoweeksafterwe'dplantedtheseeds,littlegreens________startedtoappear.8．He'sveryb________aboutwhatpeoplethinkofhim.?第一版塊：重點(diǎn)單詞1.rootn．樹(shù)根；根源；起因；(某人的)祖籍，根v．生根；翻找，搜尋(教材P31)Roots&Shoots根與芽[用法歸納]treeroots樹(shù)根haveone'srootsinsth.源于gobacktoone'sroots找到……的根putdownroots(植物)生根；定居takerootin(植物)生根；扎根；……被接受；深化人心rootaround/about翻找rootout消退；根除；杜絕rootup將(植物)連根拔起berootedtothespot/ground/floor(因膽怯 、驚嚇、震驚等)呆若木雞；不能動(dòng)彈[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Butthoughhewasrooted________hispast,hewasn'tstuckthere.②Afterhisparentslefttheworld,Peterfelt________(root).③Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistradition________________________(起源于)thecustomofsharingbread.④Sohowcanyoucomeupwithbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingover________________(樹(shù)根)orotherwiselookinglikeafool?⑤He__________________________(找到他的根)andrediscoveredthebeautyinChinesefolkmusic.詞語(yǔ)拓展：rootedadj.根源的；起源的；根深蒂固的rootlessadj.無(wú)家可歸的；無(wú)所歸屬的2.shootv.(shot,shot)射中；射擊；放射n．芽；苗；嫩枝(教材P31)Roots&Shoots根與芽[合作探究]體會(huì)shoot的用法和意義Twoweeksafterwe'dplantedtheseeds,littlegreenshootsstartedtoappear.我們播種后兩周，綠色的小嫩芽就起先長(zhǎng)出了。Thehuntertookashootatthedeerinthedistance.獵手向遠(yuǎn)處的那頭鹿開(kāi)了槍。Thenewsoldiershotatthetarget,butmisseditagain.這個(gè)新兵向靶子射擊，但又沒(méi)有射中。[用法歸納]shootat向……射擊(表示動(dòng)作，不肯定射中)shootsb.dead開(kāi)槍打死某人shootup猛漲；快速增長(zhǎng)；突然出現(xiàn)shootout從里面射出；突然出擊；快速長(zhǎng)出shootsb.inthehead/back/leg射中某人的頭部/背部/腿部shootsb.擊中某人shootsb./sth.down將某人/某物擊落[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子/翻譯句子①Oneofhercousins________(shoot)deadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.②Thehuntershot________thedeer,buthedidn'tshootit.③Themurderer________(shoot)themaninthebackandstolethediamondfromhissuitcase.④Itook________shotatthebeautifulsceneryinthedesert.⑤Afterlastweek'srain,theweedshave________________(快速生長(zhǎng)).⑥D(zhuǎn)avid____________________________(試著)comingclosetotheinjuredwolf.⑦這株植物的芽很嫩，所以你應(yīng)當(dāng)把它放在陰涼處。________________________________________________________________________詞語(yǔ)拓展：shotn．射擊；放射；投球；擊球；鏡頭；畫(huà)面；機(jī)會(huì)；嘗試take/fireashot開(kāi)槍，射擊；投球；拍照give/haveashotatsth.嘗試易錯(cuò)提示：留意：“shootsb.in＋the＋身體部位”中，身體部位名詞前用the。shootatsb.向某人射擊(不肯定射中)；shootsb.打中某人。shootsb.dead開(kāi)槍打死某人，dead是形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。＝shootsb.inthe＋部位＝shootsb.'s＋部位如：shoothiminthehead＝shoothishead打中他的頭部3.botheredadj.擔(dān)憂的；苦惱的(教材P31)Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.例如，你刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流，外出的時(shí)候不關(guān)燈，或者掉了一塊垃圾卻懶得撿起來(lái)。[合作探究]體會(huì)bother的用法和意義Don'tbothertogetdinnerforme.請(qǐng)不必費(fèi)事為我做飯了。I'msorrythatIhavetobotheryouwith/aboutthisproblem.對(duì)不起，我要用這個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)麻煩你了。[用法歸納]botherabout擔(dān)憂；麻煩bothersb.withsth.拿某事來(lái)煩擾某人bothertodo/doingsth.花時(shí)間/精力做某事cannotbebotheredtodosth.懶得做某事bebotheredaboutsb./sth.關(guān)切某人或某事Whybother?何必那么麻煩？Don'tbother.不用麻煩了。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子/翻譯句子①SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudentstotalkoverwhat________(bother)them.②Pleasedon'tbother________(buy)meanairticket.I'vegotone.③Mustyoubotherme________suchsillyjokes?④________________(何必那么麻煩)?Wecanstayathomeandwatchfilmsonline.⑤Thefamousmoviestarcouldhardlywalkdownthestreetwithout________________(沒(méi)有被打攪).⑥我懶得向他說(shuō)明為什么參與聚會(huì)遲到了。________________________________________________________________________詞語(yǔ)拓展：botherv．打攪；煩擾；麻煩bothersomeadj.令人苦惱的；麻煩的；厭煩的名師提示：say在句中的意思是“假定，比如說(shuō)”之意，如：①Let'stakeanywriter,sayDickens.咱們隨意拿個(gè)作家為例，比方說(shuō)狄更斯。這里say＝forexample例如。②Sayyouhaveanaccident,whowouldlookafteryou？假如你出了事故，誰(shuí)來(lái)照看你呢？這里say＝if/suppose。4.firmadj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的；確定的；堅(jiān)決的；嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的n．公司；商行；事務(wù)所(教材P31)TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirmfoundation,andshootsseemsmallandweak,buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthelight.這個(gè)組織取名“根與芽”，取意根部在地下緩慢延長(zhǎng)以形成堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，而芽看起來(lái)又小又弱，卻可以向著光明沖破磚墻的阻擋。[用法歸納]firmbeliefs堅(jiān)決的信仰afirmbeliever堅(jiān)信者firmevidence牢靠的證據(jù)holdafirmbelief擁有堅(jiān)決的信念befirmwithsb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲takefirmaction實(shí)行嚴(yán)厲行動(dòng)afirmhand強(qiáng)硬手段；鐵腕政策firmsth.up使變得牢固，穩(wěn)固[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①I________(firm)believethatwemustactatoncetoputanendtotheconflict.②HiscompanyisverybigandhasconnectionswithalotofAmerican________(firm).③Mymother________________________(擁有堅(jiān)決的信念)thateducationcanchangeone'sfate.④Ifthelocalgovernment________________________(實(shí)行嚴(yán)厲行動(dòng))atonce,thingswillbecomebettersoon.⑤Hisfather________________________(對(duì)……嚴(yán)厲)Jackson,sotheydon'tgetalongwellwitheachother.⑥Exercisecanfirm________yourmuscles.詞語(yǔ)拓展：1．firm→firmlyadv.堅(jiān)信地；堅(jiān)決地2．foundvt.建立，創(chuàng)建，創(chuàng)立eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(foundasettlement建立一個(gè)居民點(diǎn),foundaresearthinstitute創(chuàng)辦一個(gè)研,究機(jī)構(gòu),foundacompany/hospital創(chuàng)辦一個(gè)公,司/醫(yī)院))foundsth.onsth.＝basesth.onsth.將一事物建立在另一事物的基礎(chǔ)上/以……作為……的基礎(chǔ)e．g.anovelfoundedonfact依據(jù)事實(shí)寫成的小說(shuō)3．foundationn．創(chuàng)立，創(chuàng)辦，建立；基金/基金會(huì)；基礎(chǔ)makeafoundation打基礎(chǔ)laythefoundationsofabuilding給建筑物奠基5.foundationn．基礎(chǔ)；基地[用法歸納]laya(firm/solid)foundationfor為……打下(堅(jiān)實(shí)的)基礎(chǔ)foundsth.onsth.＝basesth.onsth.把……建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上befoundedon...建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/翻譯句子①Earlystudylaidafirm________(found)forhisresearch.②Thebusiness,________(found)byMrSmith,hassufferedagreatloss.③Sheplanstostarta________(found)forhomelesschildrenandwantstobuildacommunitycentreinWaterhouse.④嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練為他的勝利奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。________________________________________________________________________詞語(yǔ)拓展：foundvt.創(chuàng)建；創(chuàng)辦；建立，創(chuàng)立foundern．創(chuàng)辦者，發(fā)起人易混提示：findvt.找到，發(fā)覺(jué)→found→foundfoundvt.創(chuàng)建；建立→founded→foundedfindingn．(復(fù)數(shù))findings(調(diào)查)發(fā)覺(jué)(調(diào)查)結(jié)果foundationn．基礎(chǔ)，基地6.involvevt.參與；包含；須要；牽涉，涉及；用心于(教材P31)Itisbyactingtogether,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolvethousands—millions—ofpeople,andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.正是通過(guò)這種令人激烈的方式共同行動(dòng)起來(lái)，我們可以讓成百上千、甚至千百萬(wàn)人參與其中，這將變更世界。[合作探究]體會(huì)involve的用法和意義Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel！不要把我牽扯進(jìn)你們的爭(zhēng)吵中！Hewasinvolvedinreadingthenovelallmorning.他整個(gè)早上都在用心讀小說(shuō)。Nobodyinmylifereallywantstobeinvolvedwithme.在我的生命中，沒(méi)有一個(gè)人真正想融入我的生活。[用法歸納]involvedoingsth.包含/須要做某事involvesb.insth.把某人牽涉(或牽扯)到某事里be/getinvolvedin/with參與，參與；與……有關(guān)beinvolvedwith與……關(guān)系親密[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytoget________(involve)invariousactivitiesonEarthDay.②Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich________(involve)spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.③Runningyourownbusinessusuallyinvolves________(work)longhours.④You'dbetternotbeinvolved________Peter,whoisaddictedtotakingdrugs.⑤Wedidn'trealisehowmuchwork________(involve)inorganisingawedding.⑥Idon'twantto______________________(卷入)thequarrelbetweenTomandJack.⑦Tryto____________________________________(讓盡可能多的孩子參與)thegame.詞語(yǔ)拓展：involvedadj.參與的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的；困難難懂的involvementn．參與；卷入；牽連；投入；沉迷易錯(cuò)提示：involved作前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)意義不同：thepeopleinvolved所涉及的人aninvolvedplot困難的情節(jié)學(xué)問(wèn)拓展：①dozen,score,hundred,thousand,million等表示數(shù)量的詞在表示詳細(xì)數(shù)量時(shí)可干脆后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：adozenbooks一打書(shū)；ascore(of)books二十本書(shū)；twohundreddesks二百?gòu)堈n桌；fivemilliondollars五百萬(wàn)美元②在表示幾十，很多，數(shù)以百計(jì)，數(shù)以千計(jì)或數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)之意思時(shí)則用“dozensof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，“scoresof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，“millionsof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，“hundredsof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，“thousandsof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”等形式。如：scoresofpeople很多人；thousandsofstudents數(shù)以千計(jì)的學(xué)生但留意“severalhundredpeople幾百名人”等表達(dá)方式。?其次版塊：重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.sufferfrom(身體或精神上)遭遇……(苦痛)(教材P31)Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas“Just-me-ism”．很多人都有所謂的“就我一個(gè)”問(wèn)題。[用法歸納]sufferpain/hardship經(jīng)驗(yàn)苦痛/困難sufferadefeat/aloss/damage/punishment遭遇失敗/損失/損害/懲處sufferfromabadback背疼sufferfromabadcold患重感冒sufferfromillhealth身體不好sufferfromaheadache/toothache頭疼/牙疼[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子/翻譯句子①Withnorainforoverayear,thecityissuffering________unusuallyhotweather.②Youalwaysturnedadeafeartoouradvice,soyoudeservethe________(suffer)now.③Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretrees________________(已經(jīng)遭遇)thegreatestwatershortage.④他的公司遭遇了重大損失。________________________________________________________________________⑤湯姆頭痛，所以我建議他去看醫(yī)生。________________________________________________________________________詞語(yǔ)拓展：sufferern．受害者；患者sufferingn．苦痛；難受；苦難2.sowhat那又怎樣(教材P31)Youknowthatallthosethingsarewrong,butsowhat?你知道這些都是不對(duì)的，但那又怎么樣？[用法歸納]Whatif...?假如……怎么辦？Whatfor?為什么？Whyme?為什么是我？Whynot?為什么不呢？Howcome?怎么會(huì)呢？Whocares?(常用于無(wú)禮地表示)管它呢，誰(shuí)管呢？[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①—MrsBrownwillbeunhappyifyoudon'tgototheget-together.—________________(那又怎樣)?Ihatebeingwithher.②—Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?—________________(為什么是我)?I'vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.③—MichaelwaslateforMrSmith'schemistryclassthismorning.—________________(怎么會(huì)呢)?AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.④________________(假如……怎么辦)theytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin?⑤________________goingtothemoviesthisevening?名師提示：這些省略句都是經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展、約定俗成的口語(yǔ)省略結(jié)構(gòu)。很少有人關(guān)注其省略的成分。(1)possible/necessary與if,when,where,whenever,wherever連用總是省略itis(2)as...aspossible盡可能……(3)ifonly往往省略虛擬句，表示“要是……就好了”。(4)whatif/though要是/即使……怎么辦/樣(5)what/howabout...？……如何/怎樣？(提出建議或征求對(duì)方看法)(6)why/whynotdo...？為什么不這樣做呢？3.takeaction實(shí)行行動(dòng)(教材P31)Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,Roots&Shootswasestablished.為了激勵(lì)年輕人行動(dòng)起來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境、動(dòng)物和社區(qū)，“根與芽”誕生了。[合作探究]體會(huì)takeaction的用法和意義Theytookariskindrivingon,inspiteofthestorm.盡管有暴風(fēng)雨，他們還是冒險(xiǎn)駕車趕路。Thenewlawtakeseffectfromtomorrow.新法律從明天起生效。Weshouldtakemeasures/stepstokeepairandwaterclean.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行措施保持空氣和水的清潔。[用法歸納]takeactionagainst實(shí)行行動(dòng)反對(duì)takeactiontodosth.實(shí)行行動(dòng)做某事takemeasurestodosth.實(shí)行措施做某事takestepstodosth.實(shí)行行動(dòng)做某事inaction在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；在活動(dòng)中intoaction實(shí)施；實(shí)行outofaction停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；失去效用；不能工作[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/翻譯句子/完成句子①It'stimetotakeaction________therisingcrimerateinourcity.②Thelocalgovernmenthastaken________(act)toimproveairquality.③Weshouldtakeaction________(protect)thoseendangeredspecies.④聯(lián)合國(guó)呼吁全部國(guó)家馬上實(shí)行行動(dòng)。________________________________________________________________________⑤Iwouldliketoseethenewcar__________________.(運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))⑥Iamafraidthecomputeris________________.(停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))學(xué)問(wèn)拓展：measure的用法：1．v.量；測(cè)量；測(cè)量起來(lái)是Wemeasuredthedistance.我們測(cè)量這段距離。Therowing-boatmeasures20feet.這劃艇長(zhǎng)20英尺。2．vt.衡量，判定It'shardtomeasurehisabilitywhenwehaven'tseenhisworks.沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他的作品，很難衡量他的實(shí)力。3．n.步驟；方法takemeasurestodosth.實(shí)行措施做某事safetymeasures平安措施4．n.尺寸，尺碼，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)makeacoatforsb.tosb.'smeasure依照某人的尺寸為某人做件上衣4.setup建立；創(chuàng)辦(教材P31)Thisinstitutewassetupintheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall...這個(gè)組織于20世紀(jì)90年頭初由珍·古道爾博士創(chuàng)立……[用法歸納]setaboutdoingsth.起先/著手做某事setouttodosth.起先/著手做某事setaside把……放到一旁；留出(錢或時(shí)間)setdown登記，寫下；制定；放下setoff動(dòng)身，動(dòng)身；引發(fā)，激起setout(for)動(dòng)身(去)，動(dòng)身(去)setfiretosth.＝setsth.onfire點(diǎn)燃setsb.free釋放某人setanexampleto/for為……樹(shù)立榜樣[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Withthehelpofhisuncle,Peterset________acompanyofhisown.②Ifwehadset________heraddress,wewouldn'thavehaddifficultyfindingherhouse.③Weneedtoset________findingawaytodealwiththeproblem.④Theysucceededinwhattheyset________todo.⑤Hedecidedtoset________aschoolforthepoorchildrenfromthemountainvillages.⑥Shesets________abitofmoneyeverymonthforthefutureuse.⑦RalphW.Emersonwouldalways________________(記錄)newideasthatoccurredtohim.⑧Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered,youcan________________(起先)preparingyourbusinessplan.⑨Aliceisaverynicegirlandreadytohelpothers.Shehas______________________(為……樹(shù)立榜樣)usandweshouldlearnfromher.⑩Oneafternoonthesailors________________(動(dòng)身)fromthecoastinasmallboatandwerecaughtinastorm.?LangLangInternationalMusicFoundation,________________(被成立)over10yearsago,hasraisedmillionsofdollarstosupportyoungmusicians.一言助記：Thefishermanwassetfree.Hesetdownhissuitcase,setupatentandsetfiretosomewoodtogetwarm.Afterhehadsetadateforgoinghome,hesetaboutpreparingtosetoutnextweek.漁夫被釋放了。他放下行李箱，搭了個(gè)帳篷，燒了一些木頭取暖。在確定了回家的日期之后，他起先做準(zhǔn)備下周動(dòng)身。名師點(diǎn)撥：setaboutdoingsth.中的about在短語(yǔ)中是介詞，故about后應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)。而setouttodosth.中的out是副詞。所以后面不能用名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞，只能用不定式。5.allaroundtheworld全世界(教材P31)Therootsandshootsareyou,yourfriendsandyoungpeopleallaroundtheworld.根和芽就是你、你的摯友和世界各地的年輕人。[用法歸納]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(allovertheworld,allaroundtheworld,throughouttheworld,acrosstheworld,inthewholeworld))全世界[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilmshavebeenproduced____________________(全世界).②Theposthassincegainedtheattentionofsocialmediausers____________________(全世界),receivingmorethan184，000sharesand61，500likesinjustthreedays.詞義拓展：worldtheworld世界；全世界的人inthewholeworld全世界intheworld①在世界上，在全世界②究竟，原委(用在特別疑問(wèn)詞的后面，用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。)如：①Whatintheworldareyoudoing？你究竟在干什么？(＝onearth)②Whointheworld/onearthisgoingtoShanghai？究竟/原委誰(shuí)準(zhǔn)備去上海？6.makeadifference(to)(對(duì)……)產(chǎn)生影響；(對(duì)……)有意義(教材P31)Everyindividualmakesadifference.每個(gè)人都會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。[用法歸納]makeabig/greatdifference(to)(對(duì)……)產(chǎn)生很大的影響makeno/littledifference(to)(對(duì)……)無(wú)影響；沒(méi)關(guān)系makesomedifference(to)(對(duì)……)有些影響/關(guān)系/作用ThereisnodifferencebetweenAandBA和B之間無(wú)差別AisdifferentfromBA與B不同[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewho________________________(正產(chǎn)生影響)intheworld.②Whatshesayswill________________________(對(duì)……無(wú)影響)ourplan.③Whatwearedoingnowwill________________________(對(duì)……產(chǎn)生很大的影響)thechildren'sfuture.學(xué)問(wèn)拓展：“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”的短語(yǔ)haveanimpacton...haveaninfluenceonhaveaneffectonmakeadifferenceto7.haveaneffecton對(duì)……有影響；對(duì)……有效果(教材P32)Thosepeopledon'tthinktheiractionssuchasleavingthetaprunningwhilebrushingtheirteethcanhavenegativeeffectsontheenvironment.那些人不認(rèn)為他們的行為如刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。[用法歸納]haveabig/great/positive/negative/profoundeffecton...對(duì)……有大的/主動(dòng)的/消極的/深遠(yuǎn)的影響havenoeffecton對(duì)……無(wú)影響haveaninfluence/impacton對(duì)……有影響[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子/翻譯句子①Theconferencehasbeenheldtodiscusstheeffectsoftourism________thewildlifeinthisregion.②Ahappyhomeenvironmenthas________goodeffectonchildren'sgrowth.③Thenewtimetablewillcome________effecttomorrow.④Itishopedthatthebehaviourwill________________________(對(duì)……有主動(dòng)的影響)thechildren.⑤Sandstormsusually__________________________(對(duì)……有壞的影響)people'shealth.⑥老師的話對(duì)我產(chǎn)生了主動(dòng)的影響，變更了我的生活看法。________________________________________________________________________學(xué)問(wèn)拓展：(1)bring/putsth.intoeffect使生效，實(shí)行，實(shí)施comeintoeffect生效，起先實(shí)施takeeffect起先起作用；生效，起先實(shí)施ineffect事實(shí)上，事實(shí)上(2)leavethetaprunning讓水嘩嘩地流leavethechildrunningabout讓孩子四處亂跑leavetheworkundone使工作處于未完成狀態(tài)leavethetestpaperunfinished使試卷處于未完?duì)顟B(tài)leavethepupilsintheclassroom把學(xué)生們丟在教室里不管了?第三版塊：重點(diǎn)句式1.make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)(教材P31)Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems,changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.成千上萬(wàn)的根和芽能夠解決問(wèn)題，變更世界，使其更加宜居。[用法歸納]make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(名詞/形容詞,過(guò)去分詞,不帶to的不定式))makeit＋adj./n.＋todosth.使做某事成為……[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/翻譯句子/完成句子①ThebossmadeMartin________(work)longhours.②Bobmadehimself________(understand)tothewaiterbyusingbodylanguage.③我們讓湯姆當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。________________________________________________________________________④他不停地說(shuō)話，這讓我發(fā)瘋。________________________________________________________________________⑤你能讓這臺(tái)舊機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)嗎？________________________________________________________________________⑥Theymade____________________________thepoorvillagersinholidays.他們把假期幫助貧困的村民當(dāng)作一種榮耀。名師點(diǎn)撥：(1)make后不接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)；(2)make后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶to，變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定式要帶to；(3)“makeit＋adj./n.＋帶to的不定式”中it是形式賓語(yǔ)，帶to的不定式為真正的賓語(yǔ)。如：Hemadeitaruletohelptheleft-behindclassmateswiththeirhomeworkafterschool.他把放學(xué)后幫助被落下的同學(xué)當(dāng)作一條守規(guī)。2.sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句(教材P32)Therefore,RootsandShootshopestoinvolvemillionsofyoungpeopleinbuildingasecurefuturesothatwecanliveinpeacewithnature.因此，“根與芽”希望讓數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的年輕人參與建設(shè)一個(gè)平安的將來(lái)，以便我們能夠與自然和平共處。[用法歸納]本句中sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。sothat還可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。(1)sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：從句時(shí)態(tài)表明動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，且從句中一般不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，可以用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。(2)sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句：相當(dāng)于inorderthat，從句中常有will,would,can,could,may,might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表明動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。[即學(xué)即練]寫出句中sothat的意思并指出sothat引導(dǎo)什么狀語(yǔ)從句/完成句子/翻譯句子①M(fèi)rsBrownraisedhervoiceso__thatallthestudentscouldhearherclearly.____________②MrsBrownraisedhervoice,so__thatallthestudentsheardherclearly.____________③Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend________________(以便)theycangetsweetenoughtobeeaten.④Tonygotupveryearlythismorning________________(結(jié)果)hecaughtthefirsttraintoNewYork.⑤他把自己的房子變成了一所學(xué)校，以便孩子們能受到教化。________________________________________________________________________⑥南希沒(méi)有為考試做準(zhǔn)備，所以她沒(méi)能通過(guò)考試。________________________________________________________________________名師提示：so...astodo后跟結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)；soastodo...后跟目的狀語(yǔ)e．g.①Hegotupsoearlythismorningastoarriveatschoolfirst.今早晨他起床那么早結(jié)果第一個(gè)到達(dá)學(xué)校。②Hegotupearlythismorningsoasto/inordertoarriveatschoolfirst.他今日早晨起那么早，是為了第一個(gè)到達(dá)學(xué)校。③Hegotupveryearlysothathisparentscouldseehimanearlybird.(主句和從句主語(yǔ)不一樣)→Hegotupveryearlyeverymorningsoasforhisparentstobeabletoseehimanearlybird.他每天早晨都早起，以便讓父母能看到他很勤奮。3.Itis/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)(教材P31)Itisbyactingtogether,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolvethousands—millionsofpeople，...正是通過(guò)這種令人激烈的方式我們能讓數(shù)以千計(jì)、數(shù)百萬(wàn)計(jì)的人共同行動(dòng)起來(lái)……[用法歸納]此句中包含Itis/was...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)。該句型可以用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)，可以用who代替that。(1)對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)：Itis/was＋主語(yǔ)＋that/who＋其他部分(2)對(duì)賓語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)：Itis/was＋賓語(yǔ)＋that/who＋其他部分(3)對(duì)狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)：Itis/was＋狀語(yǔ)＋that＋其他部分[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①是他講的話讓我驚訝。________________________surprisedme.②正因?yàn)檫@本書(shū)對(duì)我很有用，我才要買它。________________________Iwillbuyit.③我們是騎自行車去公園的。Itwas________________thatwewenttothepark.④他昨天是在電視上看到王先生的。Itwas________________thathesawMr.Wangyesterday.⑤是他昨天買了一束花。________________________boughtabunchofflowersyesterday.⑥昨天她望見(jiàn)的人是我。________________________shesawyesterday.⑦他是在10點(diǎn)過(guò)后回來(lái)的。________________________hecameback.⑧是因?yàn)樯∷艣](méi)有來(lái)。Itwas________________________thathedidn'tcome.名師點(diǎn)撥：(1)not...until...句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句Hedidn'tseemeuntilIpattedhimontheshoulder.直到我拍他的肩膀他才看到我?！鶬twasnotuntilIpattedhimontheshoulderthathesawme.視察此句可以看出，not...until句型對(duì)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)，須要把not跟until...一起放在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，而that引出的其他成分不再用not。(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問(wèn)形式①一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式是“Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who/whom＋其他部分？”如：Wasitinthepalacethatthelastemperordied?②特別疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式是“特別疑問(wèn)詞(疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞)＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？”如：Whowasitthatwrotethesefamousplays?Wherewasitthatyoupickedupthewallet？4.itwouldn'tmatterif...假如……沒(méi)關(guān)系[用法歸納](1)mattervi.有重大關(guān)系itdoesn'tmatter沒(méi)關(guān)系/沒(méi)關(guān)系Whatdoesitmattertoyou?這對(duì)你有什么關(guān)系呢？(2)itwillnotmatterifsb.doessth.某人做某事沒(méi)關(guān)系(3)What'sthematterwithyou?你怎么啦？[即學(xué)即練]翻譯句子①毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她會(huì)考得很好。________________________________________________________________________②他們是否會(huì)支持我們還是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。________________________________________________________________________③下周那位科學(xué)家真的要給我們做報(bào)告嗎？________________________________________________________________________④這是怎么發(fā)生的，對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)就是一個(gè)謎。________________________________________________________________________⑤目前還不清晰，該路段何時(shí)可通行運(yùn)用。________________________________________________________________________名師點(diǎn)撥：(1)此句型中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是if引導(dǎo)的從句。(2)留意：if引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句一般不放在句首，而是用it替代放在句首，然后把if從句置于句末。如：①Whatdoesitmatterifwedon'tworkhardatEnglish？假如我們不努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)這又有什么關(guān)系呢？②Itdoesmattermuchtousifweworkhardatourlessonsatschool.在學(xué)校里努力學(xué)習(xí)功課對(duì)我們至關(guān)重要。(此句中does是對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào))5.That'swhat...[用法歸納]what引導(dǎo)的從句放在連系動(dòng)詞后，作表語(yǔ)?？梢砸龑?dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞語(yǔ)還有asif,because,that,whether,why...等。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①我的想法是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)立刻行動(dòng)。Myideais________________________________atonce.②問(wèn)題是他是否誠(chéng)懇。Thequestionis________________________________．③問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)绾握业剿heproblemis________________________________．④那是我15歲時(shí)發(fā)生的事。Thatwas________________________________．⑤那就是我不能同你一起去的緣由。That's________________________________．⑥又不是你離開(kāi)不回來(lái)了。Itisn't________________________________forever.⑦那是因?yàn)槲姨珢?ài)你了。That's________________________________toomuch.名師點(diǎn)撥：運(yùn)用連接詞時(shí)的留意事項(xiàng)：what,when,where等連接詞有兩種含義：一種表示疑問(wèn)，一種表示陳述。表示陳述時(shí)，相當(dāng)于thethingthat,thetimewhen,theplacewhere，常譯為“……的人、事、話”“……的時(shí)間”“……的地點(diǎn)”等。如：①Thisiswhere(theplacewhere)wefoundtheinterest.這就是我們發(fā)覺(jué)的愛(ài)好所在。②Mytopictodayiswhat(＝thethingthat)mostscientistsareresearching.我今日的話題就是大多數(shù)科學(xué)家正在探討的課題。③Myquestioniswhenyouwillreturn.我的問(wèn)題是你何時(shí)回來(lái)。(when表示疑問(wèn))ROOTS①&SHOOTS②Mostpeoplesufferfrom③whatisknownas“Just-me-ism④”.【1】Whatisthat?Well,sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebothered⑤topickitup⑥.Youknowthatallthosethingsarewrong,butsowhat?“Whatdifferencecanitpossiblymake？”yousaytoyourself.“TherearemillionsofpeopleintheworldandI'mjustme.HowcanitmatterifIleaveonelittletaprunning,onelittlelightonorleavealittlepieceoflitterontheroad?【2】Andanyway⑦，noonewillknow.”O(jiān)fcourse,itwouldn'tmatteriftherewerejustafewpeopleintheworld.Butjustthinkof⑧allthemillionsofpeoplesayingtothemselves:“Itdoesn'tmatter.It'sjustme.And,anyway,nooneknows.”Millionsofgallons⑨ofwaterwouldbewasted;millionsoflightswouldbelefton;millionsofpiecesoflitterwouldbedropped.Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful.【1】what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并且what在從句中作主語(yǔ)。【2】if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，leaveonelittletaprunning為“l(fā)eave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)(現(xiàn)在分詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)。Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeaction⑩fortheenvironment,animalsandtheircommunity,Roots&Shootswasestablished?.Thisinstitute?wassetup?intheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall,ascientistwho'stheworld'sbest-knownexpertonwildchimpanzees?.【3】Inadditionto?herresearch,shehasbeenwhole-heartedlycommittedto?environmentalprotection.ThewholepurposeofRoots&Shootsistoeducateyoungpeople,frompre-schoolers?touniversitystudents,sotheycanhelptobuildafuturethatissecureandlivetogetherinpeacewith?nature.【4】【3】ascientist是Dr.JaneGoodall的同位語(yǔ)；who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞ascientist?！?】這是so連接的并列句。不定式短語(yǔ)toeducate...作表語(yǔ)；that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞afuture。TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirm?foundation?，andshootsseemsmallandweak,buttheycanbreakopenbrickeq\o(○,\s\up1(21))wallstoreachthelight.【5】Therootsandshootsareyou,yourfriendsandyoungpeopleallaroundtheworldeq\o(○,\s\up1(22)).Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems,changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.eq\a\vs4\al(【5】because引導(dǎo)緣由狀語(yǔ)從句，but連接表轉(zhuǎn)折的并列句。)Doyouthinkyouhelptomaketheworldabetterplacewhenyoumakeasadpersonsmile,whenyoumakeadogwageq\o(○,\s\up1(23))itstail,andwhenyouwaterathirstyplant?【6】Onecheered-upeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))person,onehappydog,onefloweringplant,andyou.That'swhatRoots&Shootsisallabout:thevalueandimportanceofeachindividual—human,animalorplant.Dr.JaneGoodallbelievesthatthemostimportantthingisthat：“Everyindividualmatterseq\o(○,\s\up1(25)).Everyindividualhasaroletoplay.Everyindividualmakesadifferenceeq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).”Yougettochoose:Doyouwanttouseyourlifetomaketheworldabetterplaceforpeople,animalsandtheenvironment?DoyouwanttomakeRoots&Shootsrootedineveryone'sheart?Doyouwanttobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture?Youcannotbeabsent.eq\a\vs4\al(【6】三個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的都是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。)Itisbyactingeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))together,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolveeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))thousands—millions—ofpeople,andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.【7】—JaneGoodall【7】本句是一個(gè)and連接的并列句。第一個(gè)分句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是介詞短語(yǔ)byactingtogether。what引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句。[詞語(yǔ)積累]①root/ru?t/n.樹(shù)根v．翻找；搜尋；(使)生根rootedadj.根源的；起源的②shoot/?u?t/n.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射擊shootat朝……射擊③sufferfrom遭遇④just-me-ism/'d??stmi'?z?m/n.以自我為中心⑤bothered/'b?e?d/adj.擔(dān)憂的；苦惱的notbebotheredtodosth.懶得做某事⑥pickup撿起；撿起⑦anywayadv.不管怎樣⑧thinkof考慮；想起；想想⑨gallon/'g?l?n/n.加侖⑩takeaction實(shí)行行動(dòng)takemeasures實(shí)行措施takesteps實(shí)行措施?establishvt.建立；創(chuàng)辦?institute/'?nst?tju?t/n.機(jī)構(gòu)；探討院?setup建立；創(chuàng)辦?chimpanzee/?t??mp?n'zi?/n．黑猩猩?inadditionto除……之外inaddition此外；而且?becommittedto致力于……(to是介詞)commitv．保證；承諾；表達(dá)看法；投入?pre-schoolersn．學(xué)齡前兒童?inpeacewith與……和平相處inpeace和平地；祥和地?firm/f??m/adj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的firmlyadv.堅(jiān)決地；堅(jiān)信地?foundation/fa?n'de???n/n.基礎(chǔ)；地基foundv．建立；創(chuàng)辦layafirmfoundation打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))brick/br?k/n.磚，磚塊eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))allaroundtheworld全世界allovertheworld/throughouttheworld/acrosstheworld全世界eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))wag/w?ɡ/vi.&vt.(狗)搖(尾巴)wagone'stail搖尾巴eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))cheered-upadj.歡呼的cheerup使……興奮；振作起來(lái)eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))matterv．重要；有關(guān)系(主要用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中)eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))makeadifference有影響；重要eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))bydoing通過(guò)做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))involve/?n'v?lv/vt.參與；包含beinvolvedin參與，參與beinvolvedwith與……有關(guān)系根(root)與芽(shoot)很多人都有所謂的“就我一個(gè)(Just-me-ism)”問(wèn)題。這是什么意思呢？例如，你刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流，外出的時(shí)候不關(guān)燈，或者掉了一塊垃圾卻懶得(bother)撿起來(lái)。你知道這些都是不對(duì)的，但那又怎么樣？“會(huì)有什么差別呢？”你對(duì)自己說(shuō)，“世界上有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人，我不過(guò)是我自己。假如我不關(guān)一個(gè)小小的水龍頭、一盞小小的燈或在路上掉了一小塊垃圾，這會(huì)有什么問(wèn)題？而且不管怎樣，也沒(méi)人會(huì)知道?！碑?dāng)然，假如世界上只有幾個(gè)人，那就無(wú)所謂了。但試想要是數(shù)百萬(wàn)人都對(duì)自己說(shuō)：“沒(méi)關(guān)系。只有我一個(gè)。而且，不管怎樣，也沒(méi)人會(huì)知道?！蹦菍?huì)奢侈數(shù)百萬(wàn)加侖(gallon)的水，遺忘關(guān)掉數(shù)百萬(wàn)的燈，掉下數(shù)百萬(wàn)塊垃圾，而全部的這些將是特別有害的。為了激勵(lì)年輕人行動(dòng)起來(lái)(takeaction)愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境、動(dòng)物和社區(qū)，“根與芽”(Roots&Shoots)誕生了。這個(gè)組織(institute)于20世紀(jì)90年頭初由珍·古道爾博士創(chuàng)立，在野生黑猩猩(chimpanzee)探討領(lǐng)域，她是世界上最聞名的專家。除了自己的科研，她始終全身心地投入環(huán)境愛(ài)護(hù)事業(yè)?！案c芽”的目的是教化年輕人，從學(xué)齡前兒童到高校生，使他們能夠?yàn)閯?chuàng)建一個(gè)平安、與自然和平共處的將來(lái)而貢獻(xiàn)力氣。這個(gè)組織取名“根與芽”，取意根部在地下緩慢延長(zhǎng)以形成堅(jiān)實(shí)的(firm)基礎(chǔ)(foundation)，而芽看起來(lái)又小又弱，卻可以向著光明沖破磚(brick)墻的阻擋。根和芽就是你、你的摯友和世界各地(allaroundtheworld)的年輕人。成千上萬(wàn)的根和芽能夠解決問(wèn)題，變更世界，使其更加宜居。當(dāng)你使一個(gè)哀痛的人破涕為笑，讓一只狗搖(wag)尾巴，給一株干渴的植物澆水時(shí)，你覺(jué)得自己讓世界變得更美妙了嗎？一個(gè)振作起來(lái)的人，一只歡樂(lè)的狗，一株開(kāi)花的植物和你。這就是“根與芽”的全部意義：重視每一個(gè)個(gè)體的價(jià)值和重要性，不管是人、動(dòng)物，還是植物。珍·古道爾博士認(rèn)為，最重要的是：“每一個(gè)個(gè)體都很重要。每一個(gè)個(gè)體都有自己的角色。每一個(gè)個(gè)體都能有所作為。”你可以選擇：你想通過(guò)自己的生活，為了人類、動(dòng)物和環(huán)境而讓世界變得更美妙嗎？你想讓“根與芽”植根于每個(gè)人的心中嗎？你想成為命運(yùn)共同體的一員嗎？你不能缺席。正是通過(guò)這種令人激烈的方式共同行動(dòng)起來(lái)，我們可以讓成百上千、甚至千百萬(wàn)人參與(involve)其中，這將變更世界。——珍·古道爾Ⅰ.背短語(yǔ)—記堅(jiān)固：依據(jù)本課內(nèi)容，寫出下面漢語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)1．除……以外(還)________________2．致力于，獻(xiàn)身于________________3．全世界________________4．使世界成為一個(gè)更好的地方_________