專題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練26　語法填空(三)(解析版)

專題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練26語法填空(三)（解析版）Test1(2022·洛陽高三第一次模擬)Evenasayoungboy,LeonardodaVincishowedpromiseasanartist.Hetrainedforsevenyears,andthen1.____________(strike)outonhisown.Afterwards,hesetout2.____________(work)forwealthymenthroughoutItaly.ThenLeonardobeganhiscareerasapainter,buthemostoftenworkedasanengineer.OneofthereasonswasthatItalywas3.____________war,andpeopleneededengineers.AfterLeonardo'sdeath,it4.____________(discover)thathehadkeptmanynotebooksillustratinghiswork.Althoughhisnotebookswerepopularintheroyalfamilies,noneof5.____________(they)werepublisheduntilthelate19thcentury.Untilthen,fewpeoplehadhadanyidea6.____________theycontained.Asithasturnedout,hisnotebooksare7.____________amazingtreasureboxofdrawings,suchasairplanes,tanks,robots,anddiving8.____________(equip).Alongwiththesedrawingsarenotes9.____________(describe)hiswork.Manyofthesenotesare10.____________(science)innature，involvinghisresearchinmanydifferentfields.Hisnotebooksshowthathewasthegreatestartistandscientistofhistime.語篇類型主題語境記敘文人與社會(huì)——人物故事【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了達(dá)·芬奇的一些鮮為人知的才能和貢獻(xiàn)以及與其筆記本有關(guān)的故事。1．struck解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)空前的“Hetrainedforsevenyears,andthen”可知，此處需用一般過去時(shí)。strikeout是固定短語，意為“開辟新路”。2．towork解析：考查固定搭配。setouttodosth.是固定搭配，意為“開始做某事”。3．a(chǎn)t解析：考查介詞。beatwar是固定短語，意為“處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)”。4．wasdiscovered解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；主語是it，謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；主語it與discover為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5．them解析：考查代詞。空處作of的賓語，應(yīng)用賓格。6．what解析：考查連接詞。根據(jù)語境可知，后句內(nèi)容是對(duì)idea的補(bǔ)充說明，應(yīng)用同位語從句連接詞，因從句中缺少賓語，應(yīng)用what。7．a(chǎn)n解析：考查冠詞。此處box是可數(shù)名詞，其前無限定詞修飾，此處表泛指，且amazing的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。8．equipment解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的“airplanes,tanks,robots”可知，空處也應(yīng)是名詞，此處表示潛水設(shè)備。equipment為不可數(shù)名詞。9．describing解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。因describe與notes之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。10．scientific解析：考查形容詞。are是系動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)跟形容詞作表語。Test2(2022·長春高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))Likemanyotherstudents,youmayhavevariouspeople,1.____________(include)familymembersandfriends,givinginputonyourcollegedecision.Whilemanyofyourtrustedrelativesandpeers(同齡人)mayhavevery2.____________(value)advicethatcanhelpyoutomakethedecision,finallythechoiceisyoursandyoursalone.Onlyyoucanfullyrealizewhichaspectsofacollegewillmakeyoutrulyhappyand3.____________(satisfy),sokeepthatatthefrontofyourmind.Moreover,fullyconsidereachoption.Itcanbeeasy4.____________(let)aparticularschoolbecomeafront－runnerearlyon5.____________yourdecision－makingprocess,anditmayevenbecomethewinningchoice—butbesuretocarefullyevaluateeveryschool6.____________hasacceptedyou,sinceyouhadparticularreasonsforapplyingtoeachschool.Dokeep7.____________openmind.Studentscanchangemajors,butrememberthatthere'snorelivingacertainsemester(學(xué)期),andthere'snomakingupforlosttime.Don'tgotoaschool8.____________(specific)forahighschoolrelationship9.____________tomakesomeoneelsehappy.A10.____________(student)collegeexperienceishisorherown,andthestudentmustputhisorhereducationfirst.語篇類型主題語境說明文人與自我——選擇大學(xué)【解題導(dǎo)語】文章主要介紹了高中生在選擇大學(xué)的時(shí)候需要注意的幾個(gè)事項(xiàng)——從自己的角度考慮、充分考慮每個(gè)選擇和保持開放的思想。1．including解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“包括家人和朋友”，所以空處應(yīng)該填介詞including，意為“包括……在內(nèi)”。2．valuable解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處修飾后面的名詞advice，應(yīng)用形容詞valuable。3．satisfied解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處與前面的形容詞happy形成并列，同作從句中賓語you的賓語補(bǔ)足語，所以空處需要填表示人感受的形容詞satisfied。4.tolet解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)“It＋be＋adj.＋todosth.”，其中It作形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)作真正的主語，所以空處應(yīng)該填tolet。5．in/during解析：考查介詞。此處表示“在你決策的過程中”，所以空處需要填in/during，表示“在……期間”。6．that解析：考查關(guān)系詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為表示物的名詞everyschool，空處在從句中作主語，所以空處需要填that。7.an解析：考查冠詞。此處mind作可數(shù)名詞，意為“思考能力，思維方式”，此處泛指“保持開放的思想”，且open的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以空處需要填不定冠詞an。8．specifically解析：考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作狀語，需要用副詞，所以空處需要填specifically。9．or解析：考查連詞。此處表示“不要專門為了一段高中感情或是為了讓別人開心而去一所學(xué)校上學(xué)”，空處表選擇，所以需要填連詞or。10．student's解析：考查名詞所有格。此處表示“一個(gè)學(xué)生的大學(xué)經(jīng)歷是他或她自己的”，空處需要用名詞所有格，因此空處需要填student's。Test3(2022·開封高三第一次聯(lián)考)ShenKuo(沈括)wasascientistoftheNorthernSongDynasty.Hewas1.____________all-roundscholarofastronomy,physics,chemistry,geologyandmedicalscience.2.____________，ShenKuo'sreputationhasbeenmostlyinthefieldofscientificwriting：Hewasthefirst3.____________(build)graphicmaps.Thanks4.____________hismother,ShenKuoreceivedaformaleducationinhischildhood.Hewasdiligentandhereadsomuchthathesufferedeyepainlaterinlife.Whileinhis5.____________(thirty)，ShenKuofrequentlydreamedofaplace.Inthedream,heclimbedahill,thetopof6.____________wascoveredwithbrightlycoloredflowersandtrees.Clearwaters7.____________(flow)atthebaseofthehill,withtreesoneitherside.Lateron,when8.____________(travel)around,hewasshockedtofindapieceoflandthatwas9.____________(exact)theoneinhisdream.Therehesettledandwroteofthediscoverieshehadmadeduringhislifetime.ThisextraordinarystoryistheoriginofShen'sDreamPoolEssays(《夢(mèng)溪筆談》).TheDreamPoolEssayswasamilestoneinthehistoryofChinesescience.Sofar,thisamazingscientificwork10.____________(put)intoanumberofdifferentlanguages，includingEnglish,French,GermanandJapanese.語篇類型主題語境說明文人與社會(huì)——人物故事【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國北宋著名科學(xué)家沈括及其創(chuàng)作的《夢(mèng)溪筆談》的故事。1．a(chǎn)n解析：考查冠詞。scholar是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且在語境中第一次出現(xiàn)，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾，又因all-round的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，應(yīng)用an。2．However解析：考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)為副詞，作狀語，且空處前后為邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。3．tobuild解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的謂語動(dòng)詞是was