2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一部分模塊知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)必修第三冊(cè)Unit4SpaceExploration

Unit4SpaceExplorationⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024學(xué)年甘肅省張掖市高三年級(jí)第一次聯(lián)考)Must-readBooksfortheYearDon’tEverLookBehindDoor32ByB.C.R.FeganEnterforthechancetowinapaperbackofDon’tEverLookBehindDoor32.ThemagicalHotelofHooisamysteriousplacewithsomeveryunusualoccupants.Asourguestsexplorethestrangehotel,theyareinvitedtoexperienceeverythingithastoofferwithjustonewarning—don’teverlookbehindDoor32.OurTeenageYears:GrowingupinaSmallTowninthe80’sByT.J.WrayThisisatruestoryaboutgrowingupinasmalltowninOklahoma,inthe1980s.It’saboutthewildadventuresandstoriesoftwobestfriendstryingtosurvivetheirteenageyears,dealingwithparentsandsiblings(兄弟姐妹),orjusttryingtosurvivehighschool.Leadership:InTurbulentTimesByDorisKearnsGoodwinPulitzerPrize-winningauthorDorisKearnsGoodwinoffersanexplorationoftheearlydevelopment,growth,andexerciseofleadership.Areleadersbornormade?Wheredoesambitioncomefrom?Howdoesadversityaffectthegrowthofleadership?DaemonVoices:OnStoriesandStorytellingByPhilipPullmanOneofthemosthighlypraisedandbestsellingauthorsofourtimenowgivesusabookthatrecordsthehistoryofhisloveforstories—fromhisownbookstothoseofWilliamBlake,JohnMilton,CharlesDickensandtheBrothersGrimm,amongothers—andexplorestheroleofstoriesineducation.DaemonVoicesisbothalookatthewritingmindandmethodsofagreatcontemporarymasterandafascinatingexplorationofstorytellingitself.Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.1.Byviewingthewebpage,youarelikelytowinafreecopyof

A.Don’tEverLookBehindDoor32B.OurTeenageYears:GrowingupinaSmallTowninthe80’sC.Leadership:InTurbulentTimesD.DaemonVoices:OnStoriesandStorytelling2.WhatisOurTeenageYears:GrowingupinaSmallTowninthe80’sabout?A.Leadership. B.Growingup.C.Loveforstories. D.Amagicalhotel.3.WhatcanyoulearnfromDaemonVoices:OnStoriesandStorytelling?A.Survivinginthe1980s.B.Theroleofstoriesineducation.C.Siblingsadventures.D.Historyofleadershipdevelopment.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四本年度必看的書。1.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Don’tEverLookBehindDoor32部分中的“EnterforthechancetowinapaperbackofDon’tEverLookBehindDoor32.”可知，你只需閱讀網(wǎng)頁(yè)就有機(jī)會(huì)免費(fèi)獲得一本Don’tEverLookBehindDoor32。故選A項(xiàng)。2.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)OurTeenageYears:GrowingupinaSmallTowninthe80’s部分中的“ThisisatruestoryaboutgrowingupinasmalltowninOklahoma,inthe1980s.”可知，這本書主要講解并描述的是關(guān)于成長(zhǎng)的內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。3.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)DaemonVoices:OnStoriesandStorytelling部分中的“…recordsthehistoryofhisloveforstories…andexplorestheroleofstoriesineducation.”可知，這本書講到了故事在教化中的作用。故選B項(xiàng)。B(2024屆安徽省高三上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考)Themoon,whichhasexperiencedadistinctandcomplexgeologicalhistory,presentsastrikingappearance.Themoonmaybedividedintotwomajorterrains:theMaria(darklowlands)andtheTerrace(brighthighlands).Thecontrastinthereflectivity(thecapabilityofreflectinglight)ofthesetwoterrainssuggestedtomanyearlyobserversthatthetwoterrainsmighthavedifferentcompositions,andthisassumptionwasconfirmedbymissionstothemoonsuchasSurveyorandApollo.OneofthemostobviousdifferencesbetweentheterrainsisthesmoothnessoftheMariaincontrasttotheroughnessofthehighlands.Thisroughnessismostlycausedbytheabundanceofcraters:thehighlandsarecompletelycoveredbylargecraters,whilethecratersoftheMariatendtobemuchsmaller.Itisnowknownthatthevastmajorityofthemoon’scraterswereformedbytheimpactofsolidbodieswiththelunarsurface.Mostofthenearsideofthemoonwasthoroughlymappedandstudiedfromtelescopicpicturesyearsbeforetheageofspaceexploration.Earth-basedtelescopescanrecognizeobjectsassmallasafewhundredmetersonthelunarsurface.Closeobservationofcraters,combinedwiththewaythemoondiffusely(擴(kuò)散地)reflectssunlight,ledtotheunderstandingthatthemooniscoveredbyasurfacelayerwithstrange,windingmarks.Althoughvariouslandformswerediscovered,themajorityofastronomers’attentionwasfixedoncratersandtheirorigins.Astronomershaveknownforafairlylongtimethattheshapeofcraterschangesastheyincreaseinsize.Smallcratershaverelativelysimpleshapes.Theyhaveround-edgedtopsthatareraisedabovethesurroundingterrain,smooth,bowl-shapedinsides,anddepthsthatareaboutone-sixththeirdiameters.Thecomplexityofshapeincreasesforlargercraters.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A.TheaimoftheSurveyorandApollospacemissions.B.Characteristicsofthemajorterrainsofthemoon.C.Theoriginofthemoon’scraters.D.Techniquesusedtodiscoverthemoon’slandforms.5.WhyaretheSurveyorandApollomissionsmentioned?A.Toconfirmearliertheoriesaboutthemoon’ssurface.B.Torevealthatpreviousideasaboutthemoon’scraterswereunreasonable.C.Toprovidedetailedinformationaboutthemoon’ssurface.D.Toidentifyhowthemoon’scratersweremade.6.Theauthormentions“strange,windingmarks”inParagraph3asanexampleof.

A.anaspectofthelunarsurfacediscoveredthroughlunarmissionsB.acharacteristicoflargecratersC.adiscoverymadethroughtheuseofearth-basedtelescopesD.featuresthatastronomersobservedtobecommontotheearthandthemoon7.Thelastparagraphprobablycontinueswith.

A.somedifferenceinthewayssmallandlargecraterswereformedB.thedifferentshapessmallcraterscanhaveC.thereasonswhycratersaredifficulttostudyD.thedescriptionofsomefeaturesoflargecraters【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章指出月球經(jīng)驗(yàn)了獨(dú)特而困難的地質(zhì)歷史，呈現(xiàn)出驚人的外觀，并具體介紹了月球地表特征以及區(qū)分。4.B主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Themoon,whichhasexperiencedadistinctandcomplexgeologicalhistory,presentsastrikingappearance.”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文具體介紹了月球地表特征及區(qū)分。故選B項(xiàng)。5.A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段可推知，作者提到“勘測(cè)者”和“阿波羅”是為了證明從前關(guān)于月球表面的理論。故選A項(xiàng)。6.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段可推知，作者在第三段中提到“驚奇的、曲折的標(biāo)記”是作為一個(gè)運(yùn)用地面望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)覺的例子。故選C項(xiàng)。7.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，最終可能會(huì)接著描述一些大型隕石坑的特征。故選D項(xiàng)。C(甘肅省張掖市2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)第一次全市聯(lián)考)Ifallgoeswell,aballoonwillsoonrisefromSpaceCenterinSweden.Itwillfloathighintotheupperatmosphere,wherenothingwillhappen,andthenreturntoEarth.Nevertheless,acollectionofenvironmentalgroupsaretryingtostopit.Thecampaignersareagainsttheflightbecauseofwhatcomesnext.TheballoonisatestflightforaresearchbeingrunbytheUniversityofHarvard.TheresearchaimstotestanideacalledSAI,inwhichfinedustisaddedintotheupperatmospheretoboosttheamountofsunlightreflectedbackintospace.Afutureflightwillreleaseasmallamountofcalciumcarbonatedustintotheupperatmosphere,inordertohelpresearcherslearnmoreaboutsolargeoengineering—anexcellentbuttheoreticalideaofdeliberatelyadjustingtheearth’ssystemstopreventthebadeffectsofclimatechange.Opponentsworryabouttwothings.Thefirstisthemoralissue.Ifsolargeoengineeringworks,itcouldreducepressuretodealwithclimatechangeatitssourcebycuttinggreenhousegasemissions.Furthermore,inordertokeeptemperatureslow,thereflectiveparticles(顆粒)wouldhavetobetoppedupcontinuously.Asuddenstopcouldresultinveryrapidwarming.RaymondPierrehumbert,aphysicistattheUniversityofOxford,sayssolargeoengineeringistooriskyeventoresearchoutsideofcomputersimulations(模擬).Notallenvironmentalistsareopposed.Theworldislikelytomissthetarget,setintheParisAgreement,ofkeepingwarmingto1.5℃.“We’renotwell-servedbynotunderstandingwhatthesetechnologiesrepresent,”saysStevenHamburg.Mr.Hamburgfavourssmall-scalegeoengineeringresearch.Othergreenorganizationshavealsohesitantlyapprovedofexploringtheidea.Explorationislikelytocarryoninanycase.Onceataboo,geoengineeringisbeingtakenincreasinglyseriously.ArecentreportonclimatechangesuggestedthatSAIcouldhelpkeepwarmingbelow1.5℃.Americahasdevelopedaresearchplanforsolargeoengineering.BothChinaandIndiahavelaunchedresearchprogrammesoftheirown.Activistswillcontinuetoopposeexperiments.Butballoonswilllikelyflyanyway.8.Howdoessolargeoengineeringwork?A.Dustisputintotheupperatmospheretotrapmoreheat.B.Measuresaretakenintentionallytotackletheclimatechange.C.Stepsaretakendeliberatelytoreducegreenhousegasemissions.D.DustisemptiedintotheatmospheretoreflectsunlightintoEarth.9.WhydoenvironmentalistsargueagainstSAI?A.Itistobeimplementedonalargescale.B.Ithasledtoglobalwarmingagainsttheoriginalintention.C.Itisprobablytomissthetargetofkeepingwarmingto1.5℃.D.Itmaycausepeopletocarelittleaboutgreenhousegasemissions.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ShouldBalloons’FlightBeBanned?B.ShouldSolarGeoengineeringExplorationGoAhead?C.HowDoBalloonsThreatentheEarth’sClimate?D.HowHasSolarGeoengineeringChangedEarth?11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetosolargeoengineering?A.Critical. B.Doubtful.C.Positive. D.Frightened.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了可以幫助緩解全球變暖的一項(xiàng)工程solargeoengineering(太陽(yáng)地球工程),并具體介紹了該工程的原理、初衷、實(shí)施的隱患、優(yōu)勢(shì)以及將來(lái)的發(fā)展。8.B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段可知，這個(gè)太陽(yáng)地球工程是來(lái)實(shí)行措施應(yīng)對(duì)氣候改變。故選B項(xiàng)。9.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Ifsolargeoengineeringworks,itcouldreducepressuretodealwithclimatechangeatitssourcebycuttinggreenhousegasemissions.”可知，太陽(yáng)地球工程可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們對(duì)溫室氣體排放的不再關(guān)切。依據(jù)上文可知，環(huán)保人士真正擔(dān)憂的是全球氣候變暖根本緣由是因?yàn)闇厥覛怏w的排放，假如太陽(yáng)地球工程通過(guò)向大氣層釋放細(xì)塵，削減太陽(yáng)光線向地球的反射，緩解了全球變暖，那么溫室氣體排放這一根本緣由就會(huì)被忽視。故選D項(xiàng)。10.B標(biāo)題推想題。通覽全文內(nèi)容可知，本文從人們對(duì)太陽(yáng)地球工程面臨的爭(zhēng)議、各方的看法，推想這一工程是否應(yīng)當(dāng)接著。故B項(xiàng)“太陽(yáng)地球工程勘探應(yīng)當(dāng)接著進(jìn)行嗎?”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。11.C觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)第五段中的“Explorationislikelytocarryoninanycase(無(wú)論如何，探究可能會(huì)接著).”和“ArecentreportonclimatechangesuggestedthatSAIcouldhelpkeepwarmingbelow1.5℃(最近一份關(guān)于氣候改變的報(bào)告指出SAI有助于將氣候變暖限制在1.5℃以下).”可知，作者對(duì)這一工程的看法是樂(lè)觀主動(dòng)的。故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.七選五閱讀(福建省泉州市2024屆中學(xué)畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè))ThemostpopularcourseatYaleisPsych157:PsychologyandtheGoodLife,coveringthescienceofhappinessandhowtoapplyit.Sinceitslaunchin2024byProfessorLaurieSantos,thecoursehasbeentakenbyaquarterofYalestudentsandmorethan200,000othersinitsonlineversion.1

Whenchasinghappiness,manyofusaretryingtobealittlegentlerwithourselvesandassigningaprioritytoself-care.That’sasensiblestrategy,Santosagrees.Thetroubleishowpeopleunderstandself-care.Weassumethatself-carelookslikeanicebubblebath—orevenselfishpursuits.2Weactuallygetmoreoutofbeingmoreopen,moresocialandmoreother-oriented(以他人為中心的)thanspendingmoneyonourselves.

Santosisn’ttheonlyscientistinsistingthatyoufocusmoreonkindnesstoothersthankindnesstoyourself.ResearchoutofOxfordUniversityconfirmsthateventinyactsofkindnesscanhavesignificanteffectsonourhappiness.3Theyboostmentalwell-beinginthewidercommunity.Ifyouwanttostayhappy,focuslessonself-indulgence(自我放縱)andmoreonkindness.

4Everyonehasmadeasillydecisionortwo.Imyselfhavelivedandlearnedfrommorethanafew.It’snotthemistakesthatmatter.It’showwedealwiththem.Whatwecandoistolearnfromthepoorchoices,terribleideasandbaddecisionsofthepastandnotrepeatthem.Wecanalsolearnfromthemistakesofothersandavoidthem.5Andwecanmakeallthebumpsandbruises(磕磕碰碰)countforsomething.

A.Apparently,weallhaveathirstforhappiness.B.Self-careisthefoundationforcaringaboutothers.C.Finally,topursuehappiness,learnfrommistakes.D.Gettingthemdownonpaperwillhelpusavoidmistakes.E.Andotherstudiesshowsmallactsofkindnesscanspreadout.F.Ther