中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型過關(guān)課件：閱讀理解

閱讀理解一、題型分析

從2019年到2024年廣州中考閱讀理解的題目來看,考查的題材及體裁多為具有生活哲理性的記敘文、科普類文章、人物傳記以及配有圖片內(nèi)容的應(yīng)用文等,每篇文章的詞數(shù)在300—350字左右。在設(shè)題方面主要有細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測題,推理判斷題以及主旨大意題。二、近三年的考點(diǎn)回顧近三年廣州市中考英語閱讀理解考點(diǎn)分析年份ABCD體裁題材詞數(shù)體裁題材詞數(shù)體裁題材詞數(shù)體裁題材詞數(shù)2024記敘文故事412應(yīng)用文介紹255說明文大腦與習(xí)慣339議論文升級回收2992023應(yīng)用文有用的建議263記敘文故事373說明文機(jī)器人311議論文字典的使用3072022說明文人際關(guān)系217記敘文故事420傳記達(dá)爾文331應(yīng)用文定向游戲操作說明258閱讀理解的考點(diǎn)方式統(tǒng)計(jì)如下(題數(shù)):年份細(xì)節(jié)題推理題猜詞題主旨題排序題2024311100202357111202284111三、復(fù)習(xí)方法

學(xué)生在閱讀過程中要把握好文章的中心思想,同時(shí)注重文章的開頭和結(jié)尾。(一)對于細(xì)節(jié)理解題,我們可以使用KFC閱讀技巧:K代表keywords(讀題干定位關(guān)鍵詞),F代表find(在文章中查找關(guān)鍵詞),C代表check/compare(核對關(guān)鍵詞和進(jìn)行上下文的對比),平時(shí)養(yǎng)成規(guī)范的閱讀方法非常重要,尤其注意幾個(gè)重點(diǎn)的疑問詞,比如when,where,what,why,who,how等等,然后回歸文章仔細(xì)找出關(guān)鍵詞或句子。(二)詞義猜測題從以往考查對某個(gè)單詞或短語的理解逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷σ徽湓挼睦斫?體現(xiàn)了語篇的完整性和實(shí)用性,學(xué)生在平時(shí)的閱讀中一定要學(xué)會探索作者的寫作意圖。(三)在讀題干的過程中要學(xué)會預(yù)測文章,并且與你的推測做出對比和修正,帶著問題去閱讀是完成閱讀理解中的一個(gè)非常好的方法。另外,科普類的文章會是以后閱讀理解的主要考查內(nèi)容,這類文章對詞匯量的要求比較高,預(yù)測大部分會以細(xì)節(jié)理解為主,也就是通過上下文可以迅速找出答案。學(xué)生在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中還要把精讀和泛讀相結(jié)合,在不斷提高詞匯量的同時(shí),加強(qiáng)對文章中長難句分析的能力。四、解題技巧

中考英語閱讀理解主要考查學(xué)生在閱讀過程中獲取和處理信息的能力以及對閱讀策略的掌握情況。閱讀理解共四篇,內(nèi)容涉及人物故事、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科技、生活等諸多領(lǐng)域;體裁包括記敘文、說明文、議論文以及各種應(yīng)用文。中考閱讀理解的題型主要包括細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞義猜測題以及主旨大意題。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題(采用KFC閱讀技巧)(1)命題形式直接理解題——通過四個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”進(jìn)行設(shè)問,即what(事件),when(時(shí)間),where(地點(diǎn)),why(原因)和how(經(jīng)過)。語義轉(zhuǎn)化題——通過證辨題干的敘述方式或者以同義表達(dá)來考查學(xué)生對文章的理解,要求學(xué)生迅速識別原文的信息,準(zhǔn)確選出最佳答案。(2)解題技巧第一步:明確問題——根據(jù)問題,確定問題的關(guān)鍵詞并標(biāo)注出來。第二步:準(zhǔn)確定位——在原文中定位關(guān)鍵詞(注意同義轉(zhuǎn)換、反義轉(zhuǎn)述、原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等等)(對點(diǎn)1)BeingabletospeakaforeignlanguageisoneofthemostusefulskillsIhaveeverlearned.Ithasallowedmetomeetnewpeopleandlearnsomuchaboutdifferentculturesandtraditions.Inthisway,ithashelpedmetoopenmyeyesandmymindtoeverythingthatisgoingonintheworld,ratherthanjustintheU.K.( )Whereisthewriterfrom?A.China. B.Germany. C.France. D.Britain.D(對點(diǎn)2)Whatdoyouthinkofyourteachers?Now,Americanstudentscansaywhattheythinkonanewwebsite!On,studentscanrate(評定)theirteachers.Sofar,therehavebeen2millionratingsfor365,000teachersat21,000schoolsintheU.S.andCanada.( )Wherecanthestudentsrate(評定)theirteachersaccordingtothepassage?A.Onanewwebsite. B.Attheclassmeeting.C.Intheclassroom. D.Outoftheschool.A(對點(diǎn)3)Amanwaslookingforthingsofoldtimes.Onedayhecametoavillageandfoundabluebowl,whichlookedveryold.Thebowlwasonthegroundandacatwasdrinkingmilkfromit.Afarmer,theownerofthecat,waslyingbesidethebowl.Inordernottodrawthefarmer’sattentionto(吸引……的注意力)thevalue(價(jià)值)ofthebowl,themansaidtohiminasoftvoice,“Whatanicecatyouhave!Won’tyousellittome?”“Howmuchwouldyougivemeforit?”thefarmeropenedhiseyesandasked.

“Twentydollars.Woulditbeenough?”

Afewminuteslater,thefarmeragreed.Afterhepaidthefarmer,themansaid,“Mycatwillcertainlyfeelthirsty.MayItakethebowlsothatthecatcanhavemilk?”

Butthefarmersaid,“Iamsorry.Ican’tgiveittoyou.Thankstothebowl,Ihavealreadysoldtwentycats.”( )Whoismuchcleverer?A.Thefarmer. B.Theman. C.Bothofthem. D.Neither.A2.推理判斷題(1)命題形式細(xì)節(jié)推理題——推理出未知的細(xì)節(jié)歸納推理題——要求學(xué)生通過文章整體邏輯或信息,推斷文章的深層意思和作者的態(tài)度、意圖、觀點(diǎn)、情感等。文體推理題——要求學(xué)生能夠通過文章大概推測文章的來源,是摘取自報(bào)紙、雜志、故事或小說等文體。設(shè)題通常是:Wherecanyouseethispassage?Thepassageisprobablyfrom

.等等。

(2)解題技巧第一步:定位——定位段落,目標(biāo)閱讀;第二步:詳讀——了解大意,深層把握;第三步:推理——立足語篇,據(jù)實(shí)推理。(對點(diǎn)1)Starting2,000yearsago,ChinesefarmersflewkitestowelcometheNewYearandbringgoodlucktotheEarth.About1,300yearsago,ChinesetravellerstookkitestoJapan.Soonkitesfilledtheskiesthere.KitesreachedThailandabout700yearsago.Duringfloods,Thaifarmersflewkitesovertheirfields.Theyhopedthekiteswoulddriveawaythecloudsandstoptherain.Overtime,kitesflewtheirwayoutofAsia.Today,kitesareapassionallovertheworld.Kitefansmeetatfestivalsinmanypartsoftheworldandhavegreatfun.( )Accordingtothepassage,inwhichcountrieswerekitesusedtomakegoodwishes?A.ChinaandJapan. B.ChinaandThailand.C.JapanandIndonesia. D.ThailandandIndonesia.B(對點(diǎn)2)InChina,peoplealsousedkitesduringwartime.OneChinesestorytellshowsoldiersputnoisemakersonkitesandflewthematnightovertheenemycamp.Theenemieswerefrightenedbythenoiseandranaway.( )AccordingtotheChinesestory,thearmyusedkitesto

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A.maketheenemiesleaveinfear B.celebratevictoriesduringwartimeC.stoptheenemiesfromsleepingwell D.carrysoldierstofightagainsttheenemiesA(對點(diǎn)3)Whatwillastronauts(宇航員)eatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?“Lotsoffreshvegetables,”saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation.Andit’sagoodthingthatshehasalreadystartedherwork,becausespacegardeningcanbereallyhard.( )WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Williams’steamfromthepassage?A.Theymainlyliveonfreshvegetables.B.Theyhavesuccessfullybuiltaspacegarden.C.Theyinventedaspecialfanfortheirgreenhouse.D.Theyhaveworkedonspacegardeningformanyyears.D(對點(diǎn)4)Sumowrestling(相撲)isanationalsportinJapan.Everyyeartherearesixtournaments,andmillionsofJapanesewatchthemontelevision.Atournamentisaseriesofmatches. SumowrestlingisalmostasoldasthenationofJapanitself.Storiessaythattherewassumowrestlingover2,000yearsago.Therearewrittenrecordsofnationalsumotournamentsinthe8thcentury. Inmanysports,athletesarethinandcanmoveveryquickly.However,sumowrestlersweighfrom100to160kilograms.Onefamouswrestlerweighed195kilograms.Sumowrestlersdonotmovequickly,andsumowrestlingisaveryslowsport. Sumowrestlersstarthardtrainingwhentheyareboys.Theyexercisetomaketheirbodiesstrong.Theyalsoeatalot. Theywrestleinaroundringwithasandfloor.Awrestlerlosesthematchifheleavesthering.Heisalsotheloserifanypartofhisbodyexcepthisfeettouchesthefloor.Eachwrestlertriestopushtheotherdownonthefloororoutofthering.Sometimesonewrestlerjuststepsasidewhentheotherwrestlerrushestowardshim.Then,thewrestlerwhoisrushingfallsdownormovesoutofthering. Sumowrestlingisnotverypopularinothercountries,buttheJapanesethinkthatitisaveryexcitingsport.( )Thepassageisprobablyfrom

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A.anadvertisement B.astorybook C.asportsmagazine D.anovelC(對點(diǎn)5)Thereweremanyfamousexplorersduring1400—1600.Whatwerethenamesofthemostfamousexplorers?Whatwerethemajorachievementsofthefamousexplorers?Thiswebsiteprovideswhatyouwanttoknow. Famous

Canadian

Explorers

ThediscoveryoftheNewWorldopenedupnewcolonies(殖民地)inCanada.OneofthemostfamousCanadianexplorerswasLouisJolietwhoexploredtheGreatLakesareaanddiscoveredtheMississippiRiver. Famous

Spanish

Explorers

FamousSpanishexplorersexploredtheCaribbeanandSouthAmerica.JustafewfamousSpanishexplorersconquered(征服)millionsoflocalpeoplewhomadeupthenationsoftheIncasandtheAztecs.FamousSpanishexplorersincludedHernandoCortes,FranciscoPizarro,HernandoDeSoto,VascoNunezdeBalboaandJuanPoncedeLeon. Famous

English

Explorers

ThemostfamousEnglishexplorersstartedtheirvoyagesofdiscoveriesduringtheElizabethanreignofQueenElizabethI.ThemostfamousEnglishexplorersincludedSirWalterRaleigh,SirFrancisDrake,SirMartinFrobisherandSirJohnHawkins. Famous

Portuguese(葡萄牙的)Explorers

ThefamousPortugueseexplorersledthewaywhenitcametoexploration.ThemostfamousPortugueseexplorersincludedFerdinandMagellan,VascodaGama,BartholomeuDiasandMiguelCorte-Real.( )Wherecanyouseethispassage?A.Inacookingmagazine. B.Inanotebook.C.Inatextbook. D.OntheInternet.D3.詞義猜測題(1)命題形式詞義猜測是指在閱讀過程中,根據(jù)對語篇的信息、邏輯、背景知識和語言結(jié)構(gòu)等的綜合理解,去猜測或推測某一生詞、關(guān)鍵詞的意義。詞義猜測題的提問方式有:①Theunderlinedword“.”inthe…paragraphprobablymeans“

”.

②Theexpression“.”mostprobablymeans“

”.

③Theunderlinedexpression“catchhiseye”inParagraph“

”means“

”.

④Theunderlinedword“…”isclosestinmeaningto“

”.

(2)解題技巧方法一:見“形”辨義——利用構(gòu)詞法或詞性以及原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)來理解詞義;方法二:拆“句”知義——根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯關(guān)系來理解詞義;方法三:望“文”生義——根據(jù)語篇和上下文,利用定義或釋義、同義詞或反義詞等進(jìn)行猜測;(對點(diǎn)1)Doctorsandotherscientistswhostudythehumanmindandtrytoexplainwhypeoplebehaveinthewaythattheydo,calledpsychologists,arestartingtobelieveit.Youknowthatyourbrainisconnectedtoeverypartofyourbodythroughyournervoussystem(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)).Nowscientistshaveprovedthathowyouthinkandfeelcanhaveaninfluenceonthehealthofyourbody.( )Apsychologistisapersonwhomayhelpyouwithyour

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A.illnessandabilities B.thoughtsandbehaviorC.mindandnervoussystem D.physicalactivitiesanddailyexerciseB(對點(diǎn)2)OneofthethingsIalwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis,youcantakesomethingpositiveoutofit.Itwasn’tuntilafewweeksafterSeptember11thatIbegantoseethatperhapssomegooddidcomefromthistragedy.( )Theword“positive”inthepassageprobablymeans

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A.terrible B.bad C.good D.realC(對點(diǎn)3)Abagisusefulandtheword“bag”isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases(短語).Oneis“toletthecatoutofthebag”.Itisthesameas“totellasecret”…Nowwhensomeoneletsout(泄漏)asecret,he“l(fā)etsthecatoutofthebag”.( )John“l(fā)etsthecatoutofthebag”meanshe

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A.makeseveryoneknowasecret B.letsoutacatC.buysacatinthebag D.sellsthecatinthebagA(對點(diǎn)4)Thenextcoursetocatchhiseyewas“LanguageArt”.Hedidn’tevenknowwhatthatmeant.Hisfatherexplainedthatittaughtpeoplehowtomakepublicspeeches.Lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothingworse.

( )Theunderlinedexpression“catchhiseye”inParagraph4means“

”.

A.makehimexcited B.helphimseeclearlyC.gethisattention D.causehimtobesurprisedC4.主旨大意題(1)命題形式大意歸納題:Thispassageismainlyabout…Fromthepassage,weknowthat…Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat…標(biāo)題提煉型:What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?Thetitleofthepassagecanbe…What’sthepassagemainlyabout?寫作目的型:Theauthor’spurposecanbe…Thewriterwantstotellus…Theauthorsuggeststhat…(2)解題技巧①定位主題句。主題句的顯著特點(diǎn)是所表達(dá)的意思具有明顯的概括性,句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡單精煉。主題句一般位于段首或段尾。②再找關(guān)鍵信息。若文章或段落中沒有主題句,就找關(guān)鍵詞或關(guān)鍵句,然后根據(jù)對文章的理解歸納概括出文章的中心意思。一般來說,文章中的關(guān)鍵詞常多次出現(xiàn),它蘊(yùn)含著文章的中心思想。③概括總結(jié)法。有些文章的主旨大意并不顯現(xiàn)在文章里面,而需要閱讀全文后進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。(對點(diǎn)1)Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferenttablemanners.Somethingthatispoliteinonecountrymaybequiteimpoliteinanother.InBritain,youmustn’tliftyourbowltoyourmouthwhenyouarehavingsomeliquid(液體)food.Butit’sdifferentinChina.AndinJapanyouevenneedn’tworryaboutmakingnoiseswhenyouhaveit.Itshowsthatyouareenjoyingit.ButitisregardedasbadmannersinBritain.( )Thepassagemainly(主要)tellsus

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A.sometablemannersinBritain B.somedifferenttablemannersC.differentwaysofhavingliquidfoodD.tohavegoodmannersB(對點(diǎn)2)PeopleinmanycountrieslearnEnglishandtheylearnitindifferentways.Somelearnitatschool.Somelearnitbythemselves.OtherslearnEnglishbyradio,onTVorinfilms.( )Themainideaofthepassageis

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A.peopleinmanycountrieslearnEnglishinmanywaysB.somelearnEnglishatschoolC.somelearnEnglishbythemselvesD.otherslearnEnglishbyradio,onTVorinfilmsA5.排序題從近幾年廣州中考閱讀理解題目來看都有一道題目是排序題。排序題有些是時(shí)間順序,有些是逆序,有些是空間定位順序,在做題過程中要先看選項(xiàng),如果前兩個(gè)或后兩個(gè)相同一般只要確認(rèn)一個(gè)答案就可以判斷出來。(對點(diǎn)1)Haveyouseensomemachinesthateatusedplasticbottlesandgivesomecoinstotheusers? Recently,suchmachineshaveappearedatuniversitiesinChongqing.Theycanturnrubbishintotreasureandencouragethepublictorecyclerubbish.Themachineisaslargeasafridge.Usersputanemptybottleinthemachine,anditisidentified(識別)byasmallcamera.Thenitisputintoabin.Theuserscangetsomecoins. Whenthemachineisfilledwithbottles,itwilltellthecompanyheadoffice.Nearbystationswillsendworkerstohavebottlescollected,packedandsenttothecompany. Thebottlerecyclingmachinescouldgreatlyencouragethepublictorecyclerubbishandsavenaturalresources(資源).Nowthemachineonlyeatsplasticbottles.Atsometimeinthefutureitwillalsocoverotherssuchasglassbottles.Itwillbeabletoturnmorerubbishintotreasureandsavemorenaturalresources. PeoplecanalsoseesimilarmachinesinShanghai.Inthefuture,moremachineswillappearatsomelargestations,busstops,neighborhoodsandschools.( )Howdoesthemachinework?①Itisidentifiedbyasmallcamera. ②Userscangetsomecoins.③Usersputanemptybottleinthemachine.④Itisputintoabin.A.③②④① B.④①②③ C.①④③② D.③①④②D真題演練(一)2024年廣州(A)Ffh,Ffh.Ffh!Itwasnotjusttheemptynest(鳥巢)ofapeweebirdasAmyhadfoundthelastfivedays.Amyranhomethroughthewoods.“Mum!”sheshouted.“Iseebirds.Two.Incave(洞穴).Beautiful!”Mumsmiled.Birds!Alwaysbirds!FromthemomentAmywokeupinthemorningtothemomentsheclosedhereyesatnight,shethoughtonlyofbirds.

Amyclimbedstraighttoheratticroom—hermuseum,shecalledit.Everyshelf,everyspareinchoffloor,wascoveredwithnests,birdmodelsandnaturalsciencebooks.Thewallswerecoveredwithpencilandcrayondrawingsofmanydifferentkindsofbirds,allsigned“Amyinthewoods”.

“Arethosethesamebirdswhobuiltthenestlastyear?Willtheyreturntothecavenextspring?”Amyalwayswondered.“Iwillstudymycavebirds.Iwilldrawthemjustastheyare.”Amymadeuphermind. Inaweek,thebirdswereusedtoher.TheywerebusybuildingtheirnestasAmywatchedanddrewwithherpencils.Soonthedriedbrownnestbecameasoftgreenbed. Amywatchedastwobabybirdscameout.Shewatchedastheyoungbirdsflewforthefirsttime.Shebegantofeelapartofthissmallfamily. Whenthedaysgrewshorterandtheautumnairbegantobite,Amyknewthebirdswouldleavesoon.Butwouldtheycomeback?Shehadtoknow! Inbedthatnight,sheformedaplan. Thenextday,whenthemotherandfatherbirdswereawayfromthenest,shetiedsomethingtoonelegofeachbabybird.Aweeklater,thebirdsweregone… Thedaysgrewlongeragain.Onemorning,Amyheardabirdcall,“Fee-bee!Fee-bee!” Sherantothecave.Watchingthewaythebirdsflewinandoutofthecave,Amyknewherfriendscameback.Butwherewerelastyear’sbabies?Didtheyreturntoo?Shebegantosearchthewoodsnearthecave,listeningfortheircall. Insidealittlehouse,shefoundtwobirdsbuildinganest.Oneworeasilverringarounditsleg.Upthesmallriver,underabridge,shefoundtwomorenestingbirds.Andoneworeasilverringarounditsleg. Amysmiledandcalled,“Fee-bee!Fee-bee!”( )1.WhatdidAmywanttofindoutinthewholestory?A.Whereandhowthebirdsspentwinter.B.Whythebirdsandtheirbabiescameback.C.Whetherthesamebirdswouldreturn.D.Howshecouldmakefriendswiththebirds.C( )2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmyfromhermuseum?A.Sheoftenstudiedbirdswithhermother.B.Shehadrichbird-watchingexperiences.C.Shelikeddrawingmorethanotherhobbies.D.Shewantedtokeepherhobbiesassecrets.B( )3.HowdidAmycarryoutherplaninthelateautumn?A.Shemarkedeachbabybirdwithasilverring.B.Sheseparatedthebabybirdsfromtheirparents.C.Shecaredforthebirdsandwatchedthemgrow.D.Sheusedthebirds’languagetocallthemback.A( )4.Whathappenedtothetwobabybirdswhenthesecondspringcame?A.Theyflewbackandlookedfortheirparents.B.Theymadetheirownnestsunderabridge.C.TheyflewinandoutofthecavetomeetAmy.D.Theyreturnedandbuiltnestsnearthecave.D(B)ROBOTS Manypeopleknowthatrobotsexplorespaceandbuildthingsinfactories.Butdidyouknowthattherearemanyotherkindsofrobots?Let’smeetsomeoftheserobotsandfindoutwhattheydo.Robot1 Ifyourfamilyaremovingtoanewhouse,thistwo-leggedrobotisagoodhelper.Itcanliftseveralheavyboxesandcarrythemtothemovingtruckbeforereturninginsideformore.Ithastheabilitytowalkmorecarefullyandskillfullythanotherrobots.Robot2 Poweredbythesun,thisrobotworksinaforest.Itkeepsaneyeoneverythingfromanimalmovementstotheforest’stemperature,thensendstheinformationbacktothescientists.Thisrobotcanwatchhowtheenvironmentchangesforalongperiodoftime,whichisdifficultforhumans.Robot3 Thispie-makingrobotiscuttingapieintopiecesinthekitchen.Itusesitsarmstodoallthethingshumancooksmightdowhentheymakefood.Butitmakesmuchmorefoodthanhumancooks.Itcanprepareapiein45secondsandcook80piesanhour.Itevendividesyourpieandboxesitup.Robot4 Thisbrightorangerobothelpsrepairthemachinesunderdeepwater.Itcanreachthepartwhichistoodeepforahumandiver.Humansprogramwheretherobotshouldgoandwhatitshoulddo.Thisrobotcanalsohelphumansexploretheseaanddiscovernewlivingthings.Butitcan’tworkforlongunderwater.( )5.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectmatchbetweentherobotsandtheirworkingplaces?A.Robot1—③,Robot2—④,Robot3—②,Robot4—①B.Robot1—②,Robot2—①,Robot3—③,Robot4—④C.Robot1—②,Robot2—④,Robot3—③,Robot4—①D.Robot1—③,Robot2—①,Robot3—②,Robot4—④A( )6.WhatisanadvantageofRobot3?A.Itmakesthefoodmoredelicious. B.Itcooksdifferentkindsoffood.C.Itpreparesfoodatafasterspeed. D.Itkeepsthekitchencleanandtidy.C( )7.WhatcanRobot2andRobot4bothdo?A.Studytheinformationforscientists.B.Keepworkingforalongperiodoftime.C.HelphumanslearnmoreabouttheEarth.D.Dolotsofheavyhouseworkforpeople.C(C) Idon’tbelieveit!I’mstillsittingherewritingmypaper.I’vehadtwoweekstoprepareandwriteitandIneedtohanditintomorrow.Amonthago,Imadeadecisiontoneverleavethingstothelastminute.Well,I’vefailed.I’vealsobeentryingtogorunningtogetfitterwithmyclassmatesafterschoolforfourweeks.ButIreallyfeelit’sdifficulttofollowmyplannow.Whyisitsohardtobreakabadhabitandformagoodone? I’vejustreadanarticleandI’vediscoveredthatitisn’tmyproblem!Infact,it’sourbrains.Ourbrainsareprogrammedtomakeitdifficulttobreakbadhabits.Researchshowswhenwedosomethingthesamewayrepeatedly,ourbrainnotices.It’sjustlike,“Oh,writingapaperishard.Westillhavetime.Wecanrelaxfornow?Gotit!”Ifwealwaysdothingslikethat,weget“intothehabit”ofleavingthingstothelastminute.Wemayevengetareward(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))fromthisbadhabit,atleastatfirst.Ourbrainmaysay,“Ah,relaxation!Ilikethis!”Slowly,itseemsthatwecan’tstopdoingthehabitorcontrolit.Maybeit’sbecausewedon’tknowhowtogettherewardswithoutdoingit. Butthat’snotall.Scientistshavealsodiscoveredthatittakestenweekstoformagoodhabit.That’sbecausetenweeksistheamountoftimethebrainneedstochangeandacceptanewhabitaspartofeverydaylife.Thegoodnewsisthatonceyoumakeittotenweeks,everythingbecomesaloteasier.Thebadnewsisthattenweeksisareallylongtime,soyoumaygiveupyourplansooner. Sothereyouare.Maybewewanttochangeourwaysandbecomebetterpeople,butourbrainswon’tletus.Oristhisjustanexcuse?Look,I’vefinishedmypaperontime!Anythingispossible!ByAna( )8.WhoisAna?A.Aschoolgirl. B.Abrainscientist.C.Ateacher. D.Asportscoach.A( )9.Whatcanbeareasonwhyit’shardtobreakabadhabit?A.Ourbrainsavoiddoingthingsrepeatedly.B.Ourbrainsarenotprogrammedtonoticeit.C.Ourbrainsneedrelaxationfromtimetotime.D.Ourbrainsenjoygettingtherewardsfromdoingit.C( )10.HowmanymoreweekswillittakeAnatodevelopherhabitofrunningafterschool?A.Four. B.Six. C.Eight. D.Ten.B( )11.WhatdoesAnawanttotellusattheendofthepassage?A.You’dbetterfinishyourpaperontime.B.Don’tforgettomakeaplanbeforehand.C.Stickwiththewaysyouaredoinghabits.D.Itdependsonyoutocontrolyourhabits.D(D)Haveyoueverheardofupcycling?Itisawayofturningoldorunnecessarythingsintosomethingusefulandoftenbeautiful.Isitthesameasrecycling?Recyclingusuallytakesoldthings,likepaperandglass,andbreaksthemdowntomakeanewproduct.Whenyouupcycleanobject,youareprobablydoingsomethingdifferent.Youcansimplyrefashionit.Forexample,youmightmakeabagoutofanoldT-shirt.Also,theupcycledobjectisusuallyinthesame,orevenbettercondition. Upcyclingisn’tanewidea.Someofthebestexamplesofmodern-dayupcyclingcomefromtheoldtimes.Inthosedays,thingswererepurposedoverandoveruntiltheywerenolongeruseful.Upcyclingisawayoflife.Thingsshouldn’tbejustthrownawaywhentheycanbesavedandturnedintosomethinguseful. It’sclearthatupcyclingisgreen.Itisalsoconsideredtobemoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanrecycling.Upcyclingcanjustrequireyourownideasandwork,butrecyclingrequiresenergy(能源)orwatertobreakdownthings. Grace,ayoungwomanfromtheU.K.,takesusedteabagsandturnsthemintodresses,shoesandevenhats.Everydayshedrinkssometea,andthendriesouttheteabagswiththeteastillinthem.Whenthey’redry,shetakestheteaoutandputsthebagstogethertomakeanitemofclothing.Thiscantakealongtime,butGracehasmadelotsofartworks. Infact,nomatteryoucreateobjectsfromoldthingsorbuyready-madeproductsfromupcycledthings,bothwaysarehelpfulfortheenvironmentandcanbringyousomethingthat’sbothbeautifulanduseful.Getstartedtoday!( )12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refashion”meaninParagraph2?A.Breakdownuselessthings. B.Collectusedthings.C.Createthingsoutofoldones. D.Comeupwithgoodideas.C( )13.Howisupcyclingdifferentfromrecycling?A.It’sacompletelynewidea. B.Itneedsmoreenergy.C.Itrequiresmoretimeandwork. D.It’sagreenerwayoflife.D( )14.WhydoesthewritertellthestoryofGraceinParagraph5?A.Tolistthestepsofdoingupcycling.B.Togiveagoodexampleofupcycling.C.Toexpressadifferentideaofupcycling.D.Toprovidebasicknowledgeofupcycling.B( )15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragepeopletodoupcycling.B.Tointroducethehistoryofupcycling.C.Tocompareupcyclingwithrecycling.D.Toexplaintheimportanceofrecycling.A(二)2023年廣州(A)My

friend

keeps

copying

my

look,but

I

like

looking

special.What

should

I

do?—Ann

Theimportantthingistotellyourfriendthetruthwithouthurtingherfeelings.Todothat,youcantalktoherusingkindwordsandnotfeelingangry.Youcanofferheryouradviceonpopulardressingorevensuggestwearingclothesthatgotogether.Thiswayyou’llstilllooklikeeachother,butnottwins!My

room

is

always

messy.

No

matter

what

I

do,I

can’t

keep

it

clean!—Mike Herearesomegreatwaystomakeyourroomabittidier.Startbypickingupthingsyoudon’tuseorwantanymore.Youcangivethemawaytothoseinneed.Lessthingsmeanlessmess!Then,trytomakeitahabittoputawaythingsafteryouusethem.Donewithyoursportsshoesfortheday?Backwheretheyshouldbe.Finally,setatimerforfiveminuteseachnighttocleananymess!I’m

sad

because

I

have

to

go

to

a

summer

camp.I

just

want

to

have

a

summer

like

my

friends.

Help

me

out!—Jessie We’resorryyou’refeelingthisway!Thebestthingtodoistolookatthingsonthebrightside.There,anewgroupofkidswillbecomeyourfriends.They’llknowexactlyhowyoufeelandhelpyou.What’smore,goingtoasummercampdoesn’tmeanaterriblesummer.You’llstillhavefuninthesunwithyourfriends.Theonlyquestionis,whatareyouguysgoingtodotogether?( )1.Whomightbemostinterestedinreadingthispassage?A.Youngsportslovers. B.Teenagersinneedofhelp.C.Summercampplanners. D.Kidslookingfordressingideas.B( )2.WhatproblemdoesMikeneedtosolve?A.Havinganunwantedholidayplan. B.Failingtomanagehistimewisely.C.Notknowinghowtotidyhisroom. D.Unabletogetonwellwithhisfriends.C( )3.WhatadvicedoesthewritergivetoJessie?A.Tellyourparentshowyoufeel. B.Bereadytohelpotherstudents.C.Studyharderinthesummercamp. D.Seetheadvantageofwhatyoudislike.D(B) Comeon,Amy.YoumustTRYHARDER.Amytoldherselfsilently.Shewasinherclass’Second-Day-of-SchoolGamewithherteammates,whomsheonlymetyesterday.Thiswasherfirstchancetomakenewfriends,andshewasnervous. SofarAmyhadn’tgivenanyusefulsuggestions—afterall,shewastotallynewtothistown.Luckily,nooneseemedtocareaboutit.Thisrelaxedheralot. SincetheBlueTeamleftthepark,theyhadworkedoutthefirsttwoclues(線索)andhadbeentothepostoffice.Nowtheywereinfrontofthecinema. Henrywasreadingaloudthethirdclue:Gotoourtownfounder’slastrestingplace. I

know

THIS

ONE!Amythought,excited. “Tothecemetery(墓地),”Cindysaid. “No,wait!”Amysaid.“I’vereadaboutit.Thefounderwasburiednearthelibrary.” “Wow.I’vewalkedbyeveryday,”Tylersaid.“Neverknewthat!” “Goodjob!Thatwillsavevaluabletime,”CindysmiledatAmy. “Westillneedtohurry,”Tylerreminded,pointingtotheYellowTeamcomingnear. “Iknowashortcut!”Henrysuggested.“Followme!”Noonemoved. “No,seriously,”Henrysaid.“YouknowI’malwaysrunninglate.Iknoweveryshortcutintown.”Theothersfinallyagreed. Afewsharpturns,andtheywerethere!ThistimeAmyreadthecluealoud:Now

go

to

the

place

where

the

football

is

running

around