新概念2-lesson11精美課件

【Keystructures】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

AtnoonItookagoodbook,andsatbythepoolinthewoods.Isoontookoffmyshoes.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh,fHowcool.Howcoolthepool.1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-edstudy---studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneManypeople

speak

English

（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

①

②

③English

isspoken

bymanypeople.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

③

②

①一.英語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者Heplantstreesinspring.

主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Treesareplantedbyhim改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)inspring.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)口訣：賓語(yǔ)提前主語(yǔ)變，原主變賓by后見(jiàn)，時(shí)態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。Mymothersweepstheflooreveryday.Thefloorissweptbymymothereveryday.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語(yǔ)）+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞(done)2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：S+was/were+過(guò)去分詞（done)TheGreatWall

wasbuiltbyChinesepeoplemanyyearsago.ChinesepeoplebuilttheGreatWallmanyyearsago.Wewillcleantheclassroomthisafternoon.Theclassroomwillbecleanedbyusthisafternoon.Hewillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓Theroomwillbecleanedbyhimtomorrow.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)＋willbe+過(guò)去分詞(done)Thestudentshaveplantedmanytrees.Manytreeshavebeenplantedbythestudents.4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語(yǔ)＋have/has+

been+

done

Anncantakegoodcareof

thecats．Thecats

canbetakengoodcareof

byAnn.5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過(guò)去分詞(done)Studentsmustn’tsmokecigarettes.Cigarettesmustn’tbesmokedbystudents.各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+willbe+done.S+have/hasbeen+doneS+can/may/…+be+done.注意：1被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)均由助動(dòng)詞be的變化構(gòu)成。2．人稱和時(shí)態(tài)變化體現(xiàn)在be上，過(guò)去分詞不變。3.否定式和疑問(wèn)式均由助動(dòng)詞或第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：be+done6.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)＋am/is/are+being+doneHeistellingastorynow.主動(dòng)句肯：Astoryisbeing

toldbyhimnow.否：Astoryisn’tbeing

toldbyhimnow.一般問(wèn)句：Isastorybeing

toldbyhimnow?7.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主＋was/were+being+done

HewastellingastorywhenIcamein.主肯：Astorywasbeing

toldbyhimwhenIcamein否：Astorywasn’tbeing

toldbyhimwhenIcamein.

一般問(wèn)句：Was

astorybeing

toldbyhimwhenIcamein?

8.過(guò)去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+had+been+doneTheyhadbuilttenbuildingsby2003.主動(dòng)句

肯:Tenbuildingshadbeen

builtbythemby2003

否:Tenbuildingshadn’tbeen

builtbythemby2003.一般問(wèn)句:Hadtenbuildingsbeen

builtbythemby2003?9.

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)＋wouldbe+doneHesaidhewouldpunishthenaughtyboytonight.主動(dòng)句肯:Hesaidthenaughtyboywouldbe

punishedbyhimtonight.否：Hesaidthenaughtyboywouldn’tbe

punishedbyhimtonight.各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+willbe+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/…+be+doneS+am/is/arebeing+doneS+was/werebeing+doneS＋wouldbe+done基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+done1.Ioftencleantheroom.Theroomisoftencleanedbyme.2.Icleanedtheroomyesterday.Theroomwascleanedbymeyesterday.3.Iwillcleantheroomtomorrow.Theroomwillbecleanedbymetomorrow.4.Ihavecleanedtheroomalready.Theroomhasbeencleanedbymealready.5.Imustcleantheroomnow.Theroommustbecleanedbymenow.6.Iamcleaningtheroonnow.Theroon

isbeingcleanedbymenow.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）七嘴八舌3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthe

floor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebook

intime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.5.Lastyearwebuiltalibraryinourschool.Alibrary______________inourschoollastyear.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasbuiltcanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetakenHaveatry1.Theemperorinventedteabyaccident.2.ManyChinesecanspeakEnglish.3.Theydon’twashtheirclotheseveryday.4.Theboybrokethedooroftheclass.Teawasinventedbytheemperorbyaccident.EnglishcanbespokenbymanyChinese.Theirclothesaren’twashedbythemeveryday.Thedooroftheclasswasbrokenbytheboy.5.Wewillsolvetheproblemsoon.6.DidMaryfinishthework?7.Hismothershouldn’tallowhimtowearearrings.8.Wehavewateredthetreesalready?9.Wemuststoppeoplewalkingonthegrass.Theproblemwillbesolvedbyussoon.WastheworkfinishedbyMary?Heshouldn’tbeallowedtowearearringsbyhismother.Thetreeshavebeenwateredbyusalready.Peoplemustbestoppedwalkingonthegrass.Lesson11

Onegoodturndeservesanother禮尚往來(lái)You'regoingtoofar!你太過(guò)分了

turnn.行為，舉止

deservev.應(yīng)得到，值得

lawyern.律師

bankn.銀行

salaryn.工資

immediatelyadv.立刻

NewwordsandexpressionsOnegoodturndeservesanother

禮尚往來(lái)★

turnn.行為；舉動(dòng)do

sb.a

good(bad)turn

幫了某人的忙（倒忙）

Hewilldoyouagoodturnifhecan.

只要可能，他都愿意幫你忙。onegoodturndeservesanother

HefixedmybikesoIlethimusemycomputer.Onegoodturndeservesanother.★

deservev.應(yīng)得到,值得1、deserve+sth

Hedeservedapromotion.

你應(yīng)該得到最好的

Youdeservethebest.這些看法值得認(rèn)真考慮我們注意。Theseviewsdeserveourattention.★lawyern.律師lawyer‘soffice:律師事務(wù)所★bankn.銀行

______thebank:搶銀行

abloodbank血庫(kù)。

n.堤，堤防；岸，河畔。

therightbank右岸。salary與wagesalary“薪水”，通常指職員、腦力勞動(dòng)者（如律師、教師、醫(yī)生等）的收入，數(shù)額固定，一般按月支付：

Helen每個(gè)月8號(hào)領(lǐng)工資。

Helen’ssalaryispaidon8thofthemonth.

Collectone’ssalarywage“工資”、“工錢(qián)”，通常指技工或一般體力勞動(dòng)者的收入，按周或天支付。一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式wagesborrow與lendBorrowsth.Fromsb.Connieborrowedmypenyesterday.Shehasn’tgivenitbacktomeyet.

Connie昨天借了我的筆，到現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)還給我。Lend

sth.Tosb.sb.sthCanyoulendyourcartomethisafternoon?

你今天下午能把車(chē)借我用一下嗎？payback/payoff/payfor

paymoneyback

償還，還錢(qián)給（某人）；能借給我10美元嗎？我下個(gè)月還你。

Willyoulendme$10?Iwillpayitbacknextmonth.

paysbback回報(bào)。

HowcanIpayyoubackforallyourkindness?

我該怎樣報(bào)答你的好意呢？payback/payoff/payforpayoff(money)還清（債），

IttookhimsixyearstopayofftheloanPaysb.Moneyforsth.為某物付某人錢(qián).我必須用信用卡付款嗎?MustIpayforthehotelwithmycreditcard?

OffforbackShouldIpay___thedrinks?Weshouldbeabletopay__thedebtwithintwoyears.Hewillpay____themoneyinmonthlyinstallment

Tonysawmeandcameandsatatthesametable.托尼看見(jiàn)了我,就走過(guò)來(lái)和我坐到一張桌子前.

Hehasneverborrowedmoneyfromme.Whilehewaseating,Iaskedhimtolendmetwentypounds.

他從未向我借過(guò)錢(qián).當(dāng)他吃飯時(shí),我提出向他借20英鎊.attable:吃飯Heseldomtalksattable.

他進(jìn)餐時(shí)很少說(shuō)話。atthetable:坐在桌子旁邊

請(qǐng)?jiān)谧琅赃吘妥?？Pleaseseatyourselfatthetable.

It‘smytreat.我請(qǐng)客

Let‘sgodutch.AA制

Thistimeisyourtreat.nexttimeismyturn.

Tomysurprise,hegavemethemoneyimmediately.令我驚奇的是,他立刻把錢(qián)給了我.‘Ihaveneverborrowedanymoneyfromyou,‘Tonysaid,‘sopayformydinner!‘

"我還從未向你借過(guò)