重慶2020-2024年中考英語5年真題回-教師版-專題07 閱讀理解之說明文

專題07閱讀理解之說明文【五年考情回顧】年份體裁主題內(nèi)容2024年說明文1.本文介紹中國在發(fā)展自己的同時，始終向朋友伸出援助之手的幾件事。2.本文主要介紹全球變暖的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，呼吁人們環(huán)保生活。3.本文介紹了非洲聯(lián)盟的綠色長城計(jì)劃，同時介紹了計(jì)劃對學(xué)生們的影響。4.本文是Bill和媽媽介紹中國的陶瓷文化。5.本文介紹了無人機(jī)的應(yīng)用以及未來的產(chǎn)業(yè)。2023年說明文1.本文主要介紹了人工智能在生活中的用處以及人們的擔(dān)心，建議為人工智能帶來的變化做好準(zhǔn)備。2.本文主要介紹了屏風(fēng)的相關(guān)信息。2022年說明文1.介紹北京2022年冬奧會實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。2.本文是一篇說明文，介紹中國傳統(tǒng)音樂的美。2021年說明文本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹了一種新的隱形眼鏡片。2020年說明文本文主要講的是垃圾污染環(huán)境，危害人們的健康，導(dǎo)致動物死亡，同時也阻礙了可持續(xù)發(fā)展，并列舉了處理垃圾問題的三種方法：減少他國的垃圾輸入及制定廢物處理的法律法規(guī)；廢物合理利用；垃圾分類。（2024·重慶·中考真題）Chinaisdevelopingrapidly,withitspeoplelivingapeacefulandhappylife.Whiledevelopingitself,Chinaneverfailstoofferahelpinghandtoitsfriends.OntheRoadtoPeaceChinahasnowbeenpartoftheUNpeacekeepingmissions(任務(wù))formorethan30years.UNpeacekeepingmissionsprovidedifferentservicesincludingprotectingcivilians(平民).InApril2023,theChinesepeacekeeperscarriedoutanimportanttaskinSudan.Theysuccessfullysentmorethan1,100peopletosafeplaces.IntotheDisasterArea(災(zāi)區(qū))Indisasterareas,uniformswith“ChinaRescue(救援)”onthebackofferasignofhopeandlove.TheChineserescueteamisknownforitsquickandwell-organizedsearchandrescuework.WhenearthquakeshappenedinAfghanistanandNepalinOctober2023,“ChinaRescue”quicklytookactiontotransportthingsneededtothedisasterareas.RailwayofFriendshipTherearemanyhighmountainsbetweenChinaanditsneighboringcountry,Laos.TheChina-LaosRailwayhasbrokenthroughthosebarriers.ThisamazingachievementwasmadepossiblebytheLaoworkersandalargenumberofChineseworkers.Theytraveledfarfromtheirhomestobuild1,035kilometersofrailwaylines,including301bridgesand167tunnels(隧道).Thepeacekeepers,“ChinaRescue”andrailwayworkers,arejustsomeofthemanythousandsofChinesewhohavespentalloftheirtimeandenergyhelpingothersaroundtheworld.TheirselflessactionsandtirelesseffortsbringhonortotheirhomelandandhelptobuildaCommunitywithaSharedFutureforMankind.1．WhendidtheearthquakeshappeninAfghanistanandNepal?A．InApril2023. B．InMay2023. C．InSeptember2023. D．InOctober2023.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“barriers”meaninthepassage?barrier/’b?ri?(r)/n.[C]pluralbarriersA．Abarrierissomethingsuchasaruleorlawthatmakesitdifficultorimpossibleforsomethingtohappenorbeachieved.B．Abarrierisaproblemthatpreventstwopeopleorgroupsfromagreeing.communicating.orworkingwitheachother.C．Abarrierissomethinglikeawallthatisputinplacetopreventpeoplefrommovingeasilyfromoneareatoanother.D．Abarrierisanaturalobjectthatpreventssomethingorsomeonefrommovingfromoneplacetoanother.3．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．China’sselflessandtirelessrailwayworkers.B．China’sactionstohelppeoplearoundtheworld.C．HowtheChinesepeacekeepershelppeopleabroad.D．WhyChinesepeoplecanliveapeacefulandhappylife.4．Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A．Science. B．World. C．Sports. D．Travel.【答案】1．D2．D3．B4．B【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹中國在發(fā)展自己的同時，始終向朋友伸出援助之手的幾件事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenearthquakeshappenedinAfghanistanandNepalinOctober2023”可知，2023年10月阿富汗和尼泊爾發(fā)生地震，故選D。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“TherearemanyhighmountainsbetweenChinaanditsneighboringcountry,Laos.TheChina-LaosRailwayhasbrokenthroughthosebarriers.”可知，中國和鄰國老撾之間有許多高山，所以中老鐵路突破了這些障礙，此處指的是高山這些自然障礙。故選D。3．主旨大意題。本文介紹中國在發(fā)展自己的同時，始終向朋友伸出援助之手的幾件事，故選B。4．推理判斷題。本文介紹中國在發(fā)展自己的同時幫助其他國家的事，所以推測可能在報(bào)紙的世界版塊看到這篇文章，故選B。（2024·重慶·中考真題）①Theworld’shighestskiplace,Chacaltaya,wasclosedafterthe18,000-year-oldglaciermelted(冰川融化)in2009.Manyscientistsagreethattheglaciersaroundtheworldcoulddisappearinthiscentury,muchfasterthanwethought.②Asweallknow,thereasonforthisisglobal(全球的)warming.Whencertaingassuchascarbondioxide(CO?)islargelyemitted(排放)intotheatmosphere,itcausesthegreenhouseeffect(效應(yīng))whichmakesEarthwarmer.③AsEarthbecomeswarmer,glaciersmeltquickly,anddarkrocksareuncovered.Thentheserockstakeinmoreheat,causingthetemperaturetorise.Asaresult,theremainingsnowonglaciersmeltsfaster.④Theeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbefar-reachingandoftendevastating(毀滅性的).Whilethemeltingofglaciersmayflood(淹沒)someareasofEarth,inotherplaces,itismakingwaterdisappear.Anincreasingnumberofheatwavesanddroughts(干旱)worldwidewillalsochangethefaceoftheworldinthefuture.⑤Globalwarmingisarealproblem,andonelargelycausedbyhumanactivity.Solvingtheproblemisnoteasy,andthereisnosinglemagicway.However,wecanbeginitbyloweringtheamountofCO?inourdailylives.⑥PeterMiller,alongwithhiswife,tookpartinascientifictesttoseehowmuchCO?theycouldcutdowninamonth.Theaverage(平均)U.S.householdproducesabout80kilosofCO?,whichwasmorethantwicetheEuropeanaverageandalmostfivetimestheglobalaverage.TheirfinalgoalwastomakelessCO?thanmostAmericanfamilies.⑦First,theyfoundouthowmuchCO?theywereproducing.ThentheyaskedanexpertforadviceonhowtoreduceCO?emissions.Accordingtotheexpert’sadvice,theymadesomechangestotheirhouse,replacedtheirlights,andchangedsomeoftheirlivinghabits.Atthesametime,theyeitherbiked,walked,orusedpublictransportation.Amonthlater,theysaved70%onelectricity,40%ongas,anddrovehalfasmuchasothers.TheirdailyCO?emissionswerelessthantheU.S.average,at32kilos.⑧Protectingourplanetstartssmall:changealight,openawindow,walkorbike.Withalittleeffort,andnotmuchmoney,mostofuscanmakeadifference.5．Whywastheskiplace,Chacaltaya,closedin2009?A．Becausetheskiplacewastooold. B．Becausefewtouristscametothisplace.C．Becausetheskiplacewastoohightoreach. D．Becausethe18,000-year-oldglaciermelted.6．HowdoesthewritershowthatPetersucceededinthescientifictest?A．Bylistingnumbers. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Bygivingexplanations. D．Bygivingsuggestions.7．Whichofthefollowingcanmatchtheinformationinthepassage?A． B．C． D．8．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?A． B．C． D．【答案】5．D6．A7．B8．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹全球變暖的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，呼吁人們環(huán)保生活。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theworld’shighestskiplace,Chacaltaya,wasclosedafterthe18,000-year-oldglaciermelted(冰川融化)in2009.”可知，世界上海拔最高的滑雪場查卡爾塔亞(Chacaltaya)因?yàn)楸ㄓ?009年融化后關(guān)閉。故選D。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theaverage(平均)U.S.householdproducesabout80kilosofCO?,whichwasmorethantwicetheEuropeanaverageandalmostfivetimestheglobalaverage.TheirfinalgoalwastomakelessCO?thanmostAmericanfamilies.”可知，作者通過列數(shù)字證明彼得在科學(xué)測試中成功了。故選A。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AsEarthbecomeswarmer,glaciersmeltquickly,anddarkrocksareuncovered.Thentheserockstakeinmoreheat,causingthetemperaturetorise.Asaresult,theremainingsnowonglaciersmeltsfaster.”可知，隨著地球變暖，冰川迅速融化，深色巖石露出地面。然后這些巖石吸收更多的熱量，導(dǎo)致溫度上升。結(jié)果，冰川上剩余的雪融化得更快。故選B。8．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。分析文章內(nèi)容可知，第一段介紹查卡爾塔亞滑雪場關(guān)閉這一事實(shí)；第二、三兩段介紹原因；第四段介紹全球變暖的影響；第五段建議我們可以從減少日常生活中的二氧化碳排放量，第六、七兩段介紹彼得·米勒和他的妻子的試驗(yàn)，來佐證減少二氧化碳排放量是有幫助的，第八段建議人們保護(hù)地球從小事做起。故選A。（2024·重慶·中考真題）“TheGreenWallInitiative”isaprojectthatencouragesstudentstoprotecttheenvironmentbycreatingtheirowngardensonthewalls.Theprojectwasstartedin2007bytheAfricanUnion.UrbanMiddleSchoolinBeijingisthefirstonetotakepartintheprojectinChina.TheprojectinUrbanMiddleSchoolteachesstudentsaboutsustainable(可持續(xù)的)practices,plantcareandteamwork.Intheproject,studentsmakeplans.Apieceofwallisgiventoeachclass.Thenstudentschooserightplantstogrowonthewall.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheplants.Theyalsorecordthegrowthoftheplants.Theprojectisasuccess.Thoselivingwallsnotonlybeautifytheschoolenvironment,butalsohelpmaketheairfresherandlowerthetemperatureofthecity.Studentsputintopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinenvironmentalscience.Theyalsolearntoworkwithothersandtakecareoftheirowncommunity.Now,moreandmoreschoolsfollowtheexample,hopingtospreadtheideaofenvironmentalprotection.9．WhenwastheprojectstartedbytheAfricanUnion?A．In2007. B．In2010. C．In2015. D．In2023.10．Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheproject?A．It’sboring. B．It’seasy. C．It’safailure. D．It’sasuccess.WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintoNo.3andNo.4?ProjectTheGreenWallInitiativeinUrbanMiddleSchoolMemberTeachersandstudentsGoalToprotecttheenvironmentProcess●Studentsmakeplans.●Apieceofwallisgiventoeachclass.●Studentschooserightplantstogrowonthewalls.●3._______●Studentsrecordthegrowthoftheplants.4._______●Theenvironmentbecomesbetterthanbefore.●Studentslearnaboutsustainablepractices,plantcareandteamwork.●Moreschoolstakepartintheproject.11．A．Studentstaketurnstotakecareoftheplants.B．Studentsfollowtheexamplesofotherschools.C．Studentsdoscientifictestsaboutthetemperature.D．Studentscleantheirowncommunityatweekends.12．A．Example B．Achievement C．Reason D．Difficulty【答案】9．A10．D11．A12．B【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了非洲聯(lián)盟的綠色長城計(jì)劃，同時介紹了計(jì)劃對學(xué)生們的影響。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theprojectwasstartedin2007bytheAfricanUnion.”可知綠色長城計(jì)劃是在2007年批準(zhǔn)的。故選A。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theprojectisasuccess.”可知作者認(rèn)為計(jì)劃很成功。故選D。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Intheproject,studentsmakeplans.Apieceofwallisgiventoeachclass.Thenstudentschooserightplantstogrowonthewall.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheplants.Theyalsorecordthegrowthoftheplants.”可知學(xué)生們會制定計(jì)劃，選定植物，學(xué)生們輪流照顧，然后記錄成長。故選A。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theenvironmentbecomesbetterthanbefore.”和“Studentslearnaboutsustainablepractices,plantcareandteamwork.”可知最后一段介紹這次活動中取得的成就。故選B。（2024·重慶·中考真題）Bill:(reading)“Whitelikejade,brightasamirror,thinaspaper,soundlikeabell.”Mom:IsthatforyourChinesestorycompetition?Bill:Yes.Itdescribesporcelain(瓷器)inJingdezhen,the“PorcelainCapitaloftheWorld”.YouknowporcelainiscalledchinainEnglishbecauseitwasfirstmadeinChina!Mom:Interesting!Bill:ManycitiesinChinahavealonghistoryofporcelainindustry.Theyhavecreatedwonderfulporcelainpieces.Mom:LikeRongchang?Wemadeabowlintheworkshop.Bill:(smiling)Lotsoffun.Butthat’spottery(陶器).Rongchangiscalledthe“PotteryCapitalofChina”,withYixing,Jianshui,andQinzhou.Chinesepotteryhasaverylonghistory.Porcelaindevelopsfrompottery.Mom:Anydifferences?Bill:Er...(searchingonline)Theclay(粘土)isdifferent.Andporcelainisfiredatatemperatureabove1,200℃;potterybelow1,000℃.Mom:Buttheylooksosimilar.Bill:Theyarecalled“Taoci”inChinese.Butporcelainfeelsharderandproducesaclearsound.Mom:(tappingavase)Likethis?Bill:(nodding)It’sblueandwhiteporcelain,oneofthefourfamoustypesinJingdezhen,togetherwithlinglongporcelain,familleroseporcelainandcolor-glazedporcelain.Mom:Anyothers?Bill:Manywell-knowntypesthere,andalsoinothercities,likeDehuanearancientQuanzhou.Mom:TheSilkRoadonthesea?Bill:Yes.DehuaporcelainwasmainlycollectedbyEuropeansatthattime.AlongwithChina’ssilkandtea,porcelainwasoneofthefirstgoodstravelingaroundtheworld.Mom:Chineseporcelainhasdeeplyinfluencedtheworldporcelainindustry.Bill:Thisisalsoinmystory.AndI’mthinkingaboutwhatelseIcantalkabout.Mom:HowaboutsomeChineseartists?Theycreatepricelessworksandhavestudentsfromallovertheworld.Oneofthemsaid,“Colorisuniversal.Thereisnobarrierbetweenculturalcommunications.”Bill:Yes!Forculturalcommunication,thereisnobarrier;forChineseculture,Iwillbeacarrier!Mom:Excellent!Bill:Thankyou,Mom.HowcanIknowthatmuchlikeyou?There’sstillsomethingunclear.Mom:Visitingaporcelainmuseum?Bill:Goodidea!13．WhatwillBillmainlytalkaboutinhisChinesestorycompetition?A．Chinesecities. B．Chinesehistory.C．Chinesepottery. D．Chineseporcelain.14．Whatcanwelearnaboutporcelainandpottery?A．Porcelainfeelsmuchsofterthanpottery.B．Porcelainisfiredatatemperatureabove1,200℃.C．Potteryhasamuchshorterhistorythanporcelain.D．Potteryandporcelainusethesamekindofclay.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”referto?A．AfamousChineseartist. B．DehuanearancientQuanzhou.C．TheSilkRoadonthesea. D．TheinfluenceofChineseporcelain.16．WhyisBill’smotheralwaysaskingquestions?A．Becausesheknowsnothingatall.B．Becauseshewantstobeanartist.C．Becausesheisencouragingherson.D．Becausesheisinterestedinherbowl.【答案】13．D14．B15．D16．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是Bill和媽媽介紹中國的陶瓷文化。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mom:IsthatforyourChinesestorycompetition?Bill:Yes.Itdescribesporcelain(瓷器)inJingdezhen”可知Bill在中國故事比賽中要介紹中國瓷器。故選D。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andporcelainisfiredatatemperatureabove1,200℃;potterybelow1,000℃.”可知瓷器的燒制溫度是1200度以上。故選B。15．詞義推斷題。根據(jù)“Chineseporcelainhasdeeplyinfluencedtheworldporcelainindustry.”可知此處This指上一句中中國瓷器對世界的影響。故選D。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Bill:Thankyou,Mom.HowcanIknowthatmuchlikeyou?There’sstillsomethingunclear.Mom:Visitingaporcelainmuseum?”可知媽媽總是提問是想鼓勵兒子去了解更多，最后建議他去博物館。故選C。（2024·重慶·中考真題）①M(fèi)orethan100,000peoplecheeredatthebreathtakingmomentwhen3,000dronesflewoverChaotianmenontheChineseNewYearEve.The15-minutedroneshowhad300millionviewsonline.②Infact,dronesareeasytooperate.Peoplesendorderstothecontrolsystem.Rotorspushagainsttheairtomakethedroneriseorstayintheair.Bychangingtheangle(角度)andthespeedofdifferentrotors,thedronefliesinalldirections.③Dronescancompletedifficultandspecialtasksinatimelyandeffectiveway.④Afteranearthquake,dronescanflyoverblockedroadstofindpeopleorrecordanypossibledanger.Reachingthemountainvillagebyroadmaytakeseveralhours,butdronesprovideinformationinjustafewminutes.⑤Forweakwildlifepopulations,dronescanshowwherepoachersarehidingandiftheyarecarryingguns.Atnight,droneswithinfrared(紅外線的)camerascaneasilyfindtheminthedark.⑥D(zhuǎn)ronesalsoprovideconvenienceforthepublic.Forexample,atasportsevent,dronesareusedtogiveaviewfromaboveorhelpcoachesseehowtheirplayersaredoing.⑦Inaword,droneshavebeenwidelyusedinemergency(緊急情況),environmentalprotection,farming,transportationandothers,withmorefieldsontheway.⑧Asdronesarecheaper,morepracticalandlessdangerousthanplanesorhelicopters,droneflightactivitieshavebecometheimportantdrivingforceforthegrowthoflow-altitudeeconomy(低空經(jīng)濟(jì)).Besideswell-knownleaderslikeDJI,morepioneeringcompanieshaveappeared.Attheendoflastyear,therewerenearly1.27millionregistered(注冊的)dronesacrossthecountry.Thedroneindustryisbelievedtobefullofchancesandpossibilities.17．What’sthepurposeinwritingParagraph1?A．Toprovidethebackground. B．Toleadintothesubject.C．Tocomparedifferences. D．Tointroduceafestival.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“poachers”inParagraph5mean?A．非法捕獵者 B．動物保護(hù)者C．無人機(jī)駕駛員 D．野生動物管理員19．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?A． B．C． D．20．Whatwillthewriterprobablydiscussafterthelastparagraph?A．Thehistoryofthedroneindustry. B．Theadvantagesofdrones.C．Thefutureofthedroneindustry. D．Thestandardsofdrones.【答案】17．B18．A19．D20．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了無人機(jī)的應(yīng)用以及未來的產(chǎn)業(yè)。17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Morethan100,000peoplecheeredatthebreathtakingmomentwhen3,000dronesflewoverChaotianmenontheChineseNewYearEve.”可知本文通過超10萬人觀看無人機(jī)在新年飛行的時刻，引出對無人機(jī)的介紹。故選B。18．詞義推斷題。根據(jù)“Forweakwildlifepopulations,dronescanshowwherepoachersarehidingandiftheyarecarryingguns.”可知攜帶槍支，獵殺野生動物的是非法捕獵者。故選A。19．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。第一段引出無人機(jī)話題，第二段介紹無人機(jī)的可操控性，第三段介紹無人機(jī)可以完成困難和特殊任務(wù)，第四段和第五段介紹了這樣的任務(wù)，第六段介紹無人機(jī)可以提供公共便捷，與第三段并列，第七段是對無人機(jī)作用的總結(jié)，第八段介紹了無人機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合。故選D。20．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thedroneindustryisbelievedtobefullofchancesandpossibilities.”可知最后一句介紹無人機(jī)未來是充滿無限機(jī)會和可能的，所以之后作者會介紹無人機(jī)未來的產(chǎn)業(yè)。故選C。（2023·重慶·中考真題）Diagram(圖表)orSurveyResult①AI(artificialintelligence人工智能)andmachinelearningrefertotheabilityofmachinestolearnandactintelligently.Itmeanstheycanmakedecisions,finishtasks,andeventellthepossiblefutureresultsbasedonwhattheylearnfromdata(數(shù)據(jù)).②AIandmachinelearningalreadyplayabiggerroleineverydaylifethanyoumightimagine.Healthcare,banking,videogames,everysearchontheInternetyoumake...,allaredrivenbyAI.③AIisgoingtochangealmosteveryfieldofmodernlife.StephenHawkingsaid,“SuccessincreatingAIwouldbethebiggesteventinhumanhistory.”AndHawkingaddedatonce,“Unluckily,itmightalsobethelast,unlesswelearnhowtoavoidtherisks.”④▲,especiallywhenyouconsidersomecountriesareracingtodevelopAI-enabledautonomousweapons(人工智能自主武器).Itisalsogoingtochangeandtaketheplaceofmanyhumanjobs.Thesameworriesalsocomefromthepublic.AccordingtothesurveyresultfromCentrefortheGovernanceofAI,91%ofthepeople(tendtoandtotally)agreethat“AIisatechnologythatrequirescarefulmanagement”inEurope.⑤Butratherthanagreeingwithanideaofahelplessfuturewhereallhumanjobsaregivenovertorobots,somepeoplebelieveAIwillmakeonworkinglivesbetter.Itwillimprovetheworkofhumans,andnewjobswillappeartotaketheplaceoftheoldones.⑥What’smore,machinesbecomemoreintelligentandtheyareabletofinishmorehumantasks.Thingswhichonlybelongtohumansliecreativityandcritical(批判性的)thinking,willbecomeevenmorevaluableinthefuture.⑦Likeitornot,AIishere.Maybechangingourselvesandmanagingitwellarethebestwayout.JustasBenjaminFranklinoncesaid,“Whenyou’refinishedchanging,you’refinished.”21．Whichparagraphdoesthediagrammainlysupport?A．② B．③ C．④ D．⑤22．Whichsentencecanbeputinthe▲?A．Asweknow,therearepossiblehugerisksforsocietyandhumanlifeB．Also,youcanfindAIservingourdailylifeineverypossiblefieldC．Withoutdoubt,AIisafantastictechnologytoleadusintothefutureD．HumansaresurelymorecreativeandbetteratmanythingsthanAI23．What’sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TowarnusthatAIwilltakehumans’place.B．ToshowusthattherearealotofusesofAI.C．TotellusthatmanypeopleareworriedaboutAI.D．TosuggestweprepareforthechangesbroughtbyAI.24．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthispassage?A．B．C．D．【答案】21．C22．A23．D24．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了人工智能在生活中的用處以及人們的擔(dān)心，建議為人工智能帶來的變化做好準(zhǔn)備。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtothesurveyresultfromCentrefortheGovernanceofAI,91%ofthepeople(tendtoandtotally)agreethat‘AIisatechnologythatrequirescarefulmanagement’inEurope.”可知根據(jù)人工智能治理中心的調(diào)查結(jié)果，91%的人（傾向于并且完全）同意歐洲“人工智能是一種需要謹(jǐn)慎管理的技術(shù)”，故圖表支持第四段的內(nèi)容。故選C。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“especiallywhenyouconsidersomecountriesareracingtodevelopAI-enabledautonomousweapons”以及“Thesameworriesalsocomefromthepublic”可知當(dāng)你考慮到一些國家正在競相開發(fā)人工智能自主武器時，人類可能會面臨危險，選項(xiàng)A“正如我們所知，社會和人類生活可能面臨巨大風(fēng)險”放于此處。故選A。23．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能在生活中的用處以及人們的擔(dān)心，建議為人工智能帶來的變化做好準(zhǔn)備。故選D。24．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出了人工智能的話題；第二段介紹了人工智能在生活中的運(yùn)用；第三段和第四段表明人工智能是一種需要謹(jǐn)慎管理的技術(shù)；第五段和第六段介紹了一些人支持人工智能的原因；第七段進(jìn)行總結(jié)。故選項(xiàng)D符合文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。（2023·重慶·中考真題）TheChinesepingfeng(foldingscreen)isanancientinventionandtraditionalChinesefurniture(家具).ItsearliestcommonusedatesfromtheHanDynasty.Thetermpingfengmeansprotectionfromwind,showingitspurposeattheverybeginning.Astimepasses,ithasbeenmadeintodifferentsizeswithcolourfulpaintings.Onscreensusuallyappearsadragon.It’sasymboloflight,growthandlife-givingwater.Italsostandsfornobilityandpower.Thepeacock,abeautifulbird,canbeseenonscreens,too.It’sasymbolofeverlastinglife.Beautifulflowers,whichmeanwealthandgoodluck,arealsochosenasapopulardesignofthepingfeng.Allthedesignscarrypeople’sbeautifulwishes.Behindthepingfengliesaninterestingstory.Inthepasttheunmarrieddaughterofarichfamilywasnotsupposedtoseeorbeseenbymenexceptherfather,brothersorveryclosemalecousins.Whenanadmirerpaidavisithowever,shemighttakeasecretlookathimfromascreenbehindwhichshewouldbecompletelyhidden.Herfatherwoulddiscusspoemswiththeyoungmanandaskhimtocreateone.Ifthedaughterandherfatherweresatisfiedwiththeyoungman’spoemandhislooks,shemightagreetotakehimasahusband.Todaythepingfengisbackinfashionforitsbeautyanditspractical(實(shí)際的)useasfurniture.Actingasamovingwallordivider,itcanbetheperfectmatch(相配)formodernsofasandwalls,whichaddsstyletothem.Thepingfengismorethanbeautifulfurniture.25．Whatwasthepingfengusedforattheverybeginning?A．Protectingpeoplefromwind. B．Dividingaroom.C．Makingaroombeautiful. D．Hidingaperson.26．Whichdesignisasymbolofwealthandgoodluck?A．Thedragon. B．Thepeacock. C．Thewater. D．Theflowers.27．HowdoesthewriterdevelophisideainParagraph2?A．Bytellingastory. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bycomparingdifferences. D．Byexplainingtheresult.28．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThePracticalUseofthePingfengB．ABeautifulStoryofthePingfengC．OldPingfenginModernHomesD．TheHiddenBeautyofthePingfeng【答案】25．A26．D27．B28．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了屏風(fēng)的相關(guān)信息。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItsearliestcommonusedatesfromtheHanDynasty.Thetermpingfengmeansprotectionfromwind,showingitspurposeattheverybeginning.”可知“屏風(fēng)”一詞的意思是防風(fēng)，這是它的最初目的。故選A。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Beautifulflowers,whichmeanwealthandgoodluck”可知美麗的花朵，意味著財(cái)富和好運(yùn)。故選D。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Onscreensusuallyappearsadragon...Thepeacock...Beautifulflowers”可知第二段舉了幾個例子說明屏風(fēng)上常出現(xiàn)的東西。故選B。28．最佳標(biāo)題題。文主要介紹了中國屏風(fēng)的用處以及它背后的一個故事，展示了屏風(fēng)的隱藏之美，故以選項(xiàng)D“屏風(fēng)的隱藏之美”為標(biāo)題最合適。故選D。（2022·重慶·中考真題）TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswasagreatsuccess.ChinahaskeptthepromisetoholdagreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadeitpossible,likeprovidingenvironmentallyfriendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy(能源)cars,supportingsportingplaceswith100%cleanenergyandreusingrainandsnowwater.Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn’tuseR507,acommonmaterialtomakeice,becauseitisn’tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months’hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO?directcoolingtechnology.Anetoftubesrunsundertheice.High-pressureliquid(液態(tài))CO?goesthroughthemtocreateheat(熱)exchange.TheCO?evaporates(蒸發(fā))undertheicesurface.Theevaporationtakesinheatandturnswateronthesurfaceintoice.AndtheCO?goesintoanothercircle.Thistechnologyhelpstomakeicebetterandfaster.Andaboveall,itismuchgreenerbecausethere’snonewCO?produced.Amongallthe15icesportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO?directcoolingtechnologytomakeice.Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenaturallightin.70%ofthewasteheatwasalsoreusedtokeepwarmanddry.AndalargenumberofnewenergycarswereusedattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisthefirsttotrulyachievecarbonneutrality(碳中和),andithassetnewstandardsingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.29．HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO?directcoolingtechnology?A．18months. B．100weeks. C．15days. D．7years.30．ThewriterwritesPara.3toshow________.A．whytheCO?goesintoanothercircleB．howthenewice-makingtechnologyhelpedC．howsportingplacesusedthenewtechnologyD．whytheliquidCO?runsthroughthenetoftubes31．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推斷)that________.A．a(chǎn)llthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsinthenearfutureB．theCO?directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworldC．thehigh-pressureliquidCO?willtotallytaketheplaceofR507soonD．nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics32．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ANewGreenIce-makingTechnologyB．GreenTechnologiesUsedinSportsC．ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopmentD．TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics【答案】29．A30．B31．B32．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹北京2022年冬奧會實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Through18months’hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO?directcoolingtechnology.”可知，歷史18個月，中國自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。故選A。30．段落大意題。分析第三段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是介紹二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)是如何運(yùn)作來制冰的，故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.”和“SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.”可知，造成的污染減少了，且一些報(bào)紙稱，中國在環(huán)境保護(hù)和綠色發(fā)展方面為世界樹立了榜樣。由此推知，二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)在世界范圍內(nèi)具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景，故選B。32．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹北京2022年冬奧會實(shí)現(xiàn)了綠色奧運(yùn)的承諾，以及中國自主研發(fā)出了二氧化碳直接冷卻技術(shù)。選項(xiàng)D“綠色北京冬奧會”符合主題，故選D。（2022·重慶·中考真題）①OnJanuary4,theChinaNationalTraditionalOrchestra(中央民族樂團(tuán))playedsomewell-knowntraditionalmusicintheirconcert.Audiences(觀眾)enjoyedthebeautifulsoundsguzheng,thepowerfultunesofsuona,thetearfulnotesoferhuandsoon.EachtraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumenttellsitsownstory.②“I’vefalleninlovewiththesoundsoftraditionalinstruments,especiallypipa,afour-stringed(弦)instrumentwithahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Itcanproducedifferentsounds,suchasthesoundsoffallingsnowandraindrops.EverytimeIlistentoapipatune,Ihaveastrongfeelingofpeace,”saidYangTian,anaudienceoftheconcert.③However,arecentreportsuggests.________Towakeuppeople’slovefortraditionalmusic,somethingcreativehasbeendone.④Insometraditionalmusicconcerts,VR(虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí))technologyisusedtobringthestarskyorthebeautifulsandyviewofDunhuangtothemusichall.Itmakestheexperiencelikewatchinga3Dmovie.⑤LiXiaobing,amusicteacherfromBeijing,mixestraditionalfolk(民間)singing,operaandChineseinstrumentsthroughtechnology.Peoplearesurprisedathisworksandtheylovethem!⑥Somemusicianstrytoaddsomethingnewtotraditionalmusic.Theybringmodernmusiclikepopandrapintotraditionalmusic.Whentheeastmeetsthewest,thenewformofmusicwinstheheartsofboththeoldandtheyoung.⑦Traditionalmusicshowsthebeautyofourculture,andwithsomecreativity,greatthingshappen.33．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe________?A．pipacannotproducethesoundoffallingsnowB．traditionalmusicismuchbetterthanmodernmusicC．thenumberoftraditionalmusiclistenersisdroppingD．moreyoungpeopleshowinterestintraditionalmusic34．Towakeuppeople’slovefortraditionalmusic,LiXiaobing