初中英語補課資料

初中英語補課資料初中英語補課資料初中英語補課資料資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語補課資料版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：putin打斷；插嘴putaway儲存（錢）；儲存…備用；把```收好putoff延期；推遲putup張貼；留宿；舉起putout熄滅；關熄；撲滅puton穿上putdown(=writedown)記下；寫下putforward提出（意見、建議）putaside節(jié)省（錢、時間）；儲蓄；儲存…備用putupwith忍受練一練：①Manyflights______________becauseoftheheavyfog(霧)inJiangbeiairport.A.wereputon B.wereputin C.wereputoff D.wereputupintime及時ontime準時；按時attimes=fromtimetotime有時atanytime任何時候haveagoodtime過得開心atthesametime同時atonetime=onceuponatime從前；曾經(jīng)innotime立刻；馬上（atonce;rightaway）atalltimes一直aheadoftime提前takeone’stime慢慢來；不急killtime消磨時間savetime節(jié)約時間wastetime浪費時間Timeflies=Howtimeflies!時光飛逝Timewilltell.時間會證明一切It’stimetodosth.atatime一次練一練：－Thenewsreportedthatthemanintheaccidentwassaved___________.－Great!Howluckyhewas!A.intime B.ontime C.attimes D.atanytime3.把…帶去給某人take…toe.g:Pleasetakethesethingstoyoursister.把…帶來給某人bring…toe.g:Canyoubringmyhomeworktoschool?

4.look、see、watch、read的用法：四個詞均與眼睛有關。look指放眼去“看”(不管是否看得到),指“看”的過程；see指“看見”這一結果,有時see還引申為“明白”,表示“看”時后面加“電影”等詞；watch指專注的看,含有“注視、監(jiān)視”之義,后面常跟“電視、比賽”等詞；read限制為看書面材料,譯為“看、閱讀”,后面跟“書、報紙、雜志”等詞。如：Whatareyoulookingat(你在看什么)

/Pleaselookattheblackboard.(請看黑板)/Letmegotoseethefilm,mum,willyou?(媽媽,讓我去看電影吧,好嗎)

/Hewon’tfeelwelluntilhefinisheswatchingthefootballmatch.(要看完了足球賽他才會感覺好些)/Readinggivesusknowledge.(閱讀給我們知識)5.borrow、lend、keep的用法：表示“借”的三個詞,borrow“借進”。lend“出借”都是一次性動作,不可以和表示一段的時間狀語連用。keep“保存”用來表示借一段時間。如：IhavelostthebookIborrowedfrommyteacher.WhatcanIdo?(我丟掉了從老師那里借來的書)/Howlonghaveyoukeptmydictionary,eh?Formorethantwomonths!(呃,我的字典你借了多久了？兩個多月了！6.與···相同：thesame```as;與```不同：bedifferentfromThetwinsmaylookthesame_____eachother,buttheyaredifferent______manyways.A.as,from B.of,from C.as,in D.with,from7.英語句子成分講解:主語（subject）:句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.（名詞）Helikesdancing.（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.（動名詞）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主語從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主語，主語從句是真正主語）謂語（predicate）:說明主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.表語（predicative）:系動詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.（名詞）Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.（代詞）Fiveandfiveisten.（數(shù)詞）Heisasleep.（形容詞）Hisfatherisin.（副詞）Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容詞化的分詞）Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.（不定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表語從句）常見的系動詞有:be,sound,look,feel,smell,taste,become,turn,get...Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.NowIfeeltired.Thetreesturngreeninspring.賓語：1）動作的承受者-----動賓IlikeChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（代詞）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動名詞）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid（賓語從句）

2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）雙賓語-----間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名詞）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容詞）Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.(介詞短語）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（帶to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（現(xiàn)在分詞）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（過去分詞）主補：對主語的補充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.（名詞）Heisourfriend.（代詞）Webelongtothethirdworld.（數(shù)詞）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容詞）Themanoverthereismyfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（現(xiàn)在分詞）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（過去分詞）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定語從句）狀語：用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.8.英語五種簡單句講解一種簡單主謂型S+V二種基本主謂賓S+V+O三種常見主系表S+V+P四種主謂加雙賓S+V+O1+O2五種主謂賓補型S+V+O+CS（subject）=主語，V（verb）=謂語，系動詞O（object）=賓語，P（predicative）=表語，O1（indirectobject）=間接賓語，O2（directobject）=直接賓語，C（complement）=補語一、主語+不及物動詞S+V不能直接加賓語的動詞叫做不及物動詞。例如：1.Thebabylaughs.2Thechildrenareswimming.二、主語＋及物動詞＋賓語S+V+O后面跟賓語意思才完整的動詞是及物動詞。名詞、代詞、動名詞、動詞不定式都可以做賓語。例如：1.Theworkersmademachines.2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.三、主語＋系動詞＋表語S+V+P初中階段常見的系動詞有：get,be,turn,look,smell,taste,sound,become等。表語是英語中的一種特殊成分，常跟在連系動詞后面。表語一般由名詞或形容詞等充當。例如：1.Hebecameangry.2.Mymotherisateacher.四、主語＋及物動詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語S+V+O1+O2有些及物動詞可以有兩個（雙）賓語，指人的賓語叫做間接賓語，指物的賓語叫做直接賓語，合稱為雙賓語。如把直接賓語放在間接賓語之前，間接賓語前要加介詞to或者for。1.與介詞to的連用的動詞主要有give,bring,lend,pass,show,teach,tell,take,send等。例如：Hegavemearuler.=Hegavearulertome.2.與介詞for連用的動詞主要有：buy,cook,do,find,get,leave,make,play等。例如：Mymotherboughtonebeautifulbirthdaypresentforme.=Mymotherboughtmeabeautifulbirthdaypresent.注意：如果直接賓語是人稱代詞時，必須將其置于間接賓語之前?！菊`】Ineedsomesalt.Passmeit,please.【正】Ineedsomesalt.Passittome,please.五、主語＋及物動詞＋賓語＋賓語補足語S+V+O+C賓語＋賓語補足語叫做復合賓語，作賓語補足語的常有以下幾類詞：1.后面一般跟不定式作賓語補主足語的動詞有：ask,get,order,tell,want,wish，allow等（V+sb.+todosth.）。例如：Ourteachertoldustocomeearlytomorrow.2.后面一般跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：四“看”：see,watch,lookat,notice；三“使役”：let,have,make；二“聽”：hear,listento；一“感覺”：feel等（V+sb.+dosth.）。例如：Didyouseehimcomein?句子成分分析專練E.g.Heisateacher.(主謂賓)SVP1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.()2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.()3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.()4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.()5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.()6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.()7.Iloveyoumorethanher,child.()8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.()9.Theypushedthedooropen.()10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.()11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.()12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching.()13.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.()14.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.()15.Don'tgetnervous，helpyourselftowhatyoulike.()16.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.()17.Hedidn'tcome．Thatiswhyhedidn'tknow.()18.Sheshowedushermanyofherpictures.()19.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.()20.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.()21.ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany.()22.Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatit'shardformetofindhim.()23.Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfillitthismonth.()24.Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.()25.Wemustdowhateverthepeoplewantustodo.()26.Atlasthegothome,tiredandhungry.()27.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?()28Maryhandedherhomeworktotheteacher.()29.Doyouknowthelatestnewsabouthim?()30.I’llgetmyhaircuttomorrow.()主謂結構（主語＋不及物動詞）1.你應當努力學習。2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我們談了很多。4.會議將持續(xù)兩個小時。5.在過去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。6.這種事情全世界各地每天都在發(fā)生。7.1919年，在北京爆發(fā)了“五`四”運動。8.每天八時開始上課。9.這個盒子重五公斤。10.五年前我住在北京。主謂賓結構（主語＋及物動詞＋賓語）1.昨晚我寫了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談談。3.這本書他讀過多次了。4.他們成功地完成了計劃。5.你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。6.那位先生能流利地說三種語言。7.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。8.Jim還不會自己穿衣服。9.我們大家都相信Jack是一個誠實男孩。10.他不知道說什麼好。主系表結構（主語＋系動詞＋表語）1.我的兄弟都是大學生。2.冬季白天短，夜晚長。3.布朗夫人看起來很健康。4.十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5.孩子們，請保持安靜