北師大八年級(jí)上Unit-2-How-often-do-you-exercise-知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(教案)

張喆第三次行課Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?【知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解】1.howoftenHowoften提出的問(wèn)題表示詢問(wèn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率，意為“多久一次”，可用onceaday,twiceaweek,threetimesamouth等詞語(yǔ)來(lái)回答。一howoftendoyouplaysoccer?你多久踢一次足球？一Iplayfootballtwiceaweek.頻率副詞順序（由高到低）：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardly,never在句中位置：頻度副詞在句中通常放在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前Sheisoftenlateforschool./Icanneverbesure./Healwayshelpsme.（易混辨析）howlonghowsoonhowmanytimeshowfar(1)howlong對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)時(shí)，意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，多久”，答語(yǔ)常用for+一段時(shí)間一howlongdidyoulivehere?你住這兒多久了？一Foraboutthreeyears．大約三年.(2)howsoon意為“多久以后”.多用于將來(lái)時(shí)間，其答語(yǔ)為in+一段時(shí)間.—Howsoonwillyourmothercomeback?你媽媽多久以后回來(lái)?一Shewillbebackintenminutes．她十分鐘以后回來(lái).(3)howmanytimes意為“多少次”，它只詢問(wèn)次數(shù)，即“多少次”.一HowmanytimesdidyougettoBeijing?你去北京幾次了?—Oh，fourtimes．哦，四次了.(4)howfar意為“離……多遠(yuǎn)”，多用來(lái)詢問(wèn)路程.Howfarisitfromyourschooltoyourhome?你家距離學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)?(5)Howabout…?……如何？……怎么樣？Howaboutgoingtothemovies?（易混辨析）house,family,home(1)house一般指所居住的建筑物，即“房子，住宅”.Hishousewasburnedinabigfire．他的房子在一場(chǎng)大火中被燒毀了.(2)family著重指家庭成員.(3)home則指某人出生及生活的環(huán)境，包括住處及家人.Myfamilyareauhere．我們一家都在這兒.Helefthomeattheageof18．他18歲離開(kāi)了家.（易混辨析）(1)sometime是副詞，意為“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”，“某時(shí)”Willyoucomeagainsometimenextweek?下周的某個(gè)時(shí)候你會(huì)再來(lái)嗎？Shewastheresometimelastyear.(2)sometime是名詞詞組，意為“一段時(shí)間”，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用Iwillstayhereforsometime.我將在這呆一段時(shí)間。Heworkedforthatcompanyforsometime.(3)sometimes是名詞詞組，意為“幾次，幾倍”Imethimsometimesinthestreetlastmonth.上個(gè)月我在街上遇到他好幾次了。Thefactoryissometimeslargerthanthatone.這間工廠比那間大好幾倍。(4)sometimes是頻度副詞，意為“有時(shí)”Hesometimesgoesskateboardingonweekends.他有時(shí)周末去滑滑板。2.trytrytodosth．試圖做某事，想要做某事tryone'sbest竭盡所能ShetriestolearnEnglish．她試著去學(xué)英語(yǔ).Jacktrieshisbesttowinthegame．杰克盡力去贏這場(chǎng)比賽.3.alotof,many,muchalotof既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞；many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much修飾不可數(shù)名詞.Wehavealotoffriends．Wehavemanyfriends．我們有許多朋友.Doyouhavealotofmoney?=Doyouhavemuchmoney?你有許多錢(qián)嗎?在修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，alot／lotsof可與many互換；在修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，alot／lotsof可與much互換.但alot／lotsof一般不用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，在這兩類(lèi)句子中要用many或much.4.kindofkindof后接形容詞或副詞，意為“有點(diǎn)，有幾分”.Hefeltkindoftired．他感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)累.Thebikeiskindofexpensive．那輛自行車(chē)有點(diǎn)貴.(1)akindof一種Thiskindofquestionishardtoanswer．這種問(wèn)題很難回答.(2)allkinds+n．各種各樣的ThereareallkindsofflowersiIlthepark．公園里有各種各樣的花.(3)differentkindsof+n．不同種類(lèi)的Therearedifferentkindsofanimalsinthezoo.動(dòng)物園里有不同種類(lèi)的動(dòng)物.5．Maybe,perhaps,likelypossible,probablymaybe.perhaps和probably都有“也許，大概”的意思.perhaps也許，大體和possibly同義；probably大概，肯定的成分較大，是mostlikely的意思；possibly可能，常和call，may，must等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，比probably語(yǔ)氣弱得多；maybe或許，比perhaps普通，但不莊重；6．a(chǎn)lthough,thoughalthough和though作連詞用，意為“盡管，雖然”，二者可以通用.Although／Thoughtheyaresopoor,theyhaveenoughtoeat·他們雖然窮，食物還是夠吃的.注意：在一個(gè)句子中，用了although或though就不能用but了，用了but則不能用although或though，即：“雖然……但是……”不見(jiàn)面，但是可以用yet.7．hard,hardlyhard既可作形容詞，也可作副詞，其詞義豐富；hardly是具有“幾乎沒(méi)有，幾乎不”這種否定含義的獨(dú)立副詞.msgroundistoohardtodig．這塊地太硬，挖不動(dòng).(adj．)Chineseishardtolearnforforeigners．對(duì)于外國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)很難學(xué).(adj.)Youshouldstudyhard．你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí).(adv．)I’msotiredthatIcan_____run我如此得累以至于我?guī)缀跖懿粍?dòng)了。Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft．幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么咖啡了.Hardlyanybodycame．幾乎沒(méi)有什么人來(lái).【邊講邊練】___doyouvisityouruncle?--___canyoubeready，Andy?Onceaweek,atleast．一Intenminutes.．A．HowlongB．HowmanyA．HowmuchB．HowoftenC．HowoftenD．HowsoonC．HowlongD．Howsoon8.Somestudentsdohomeworkthreeorfourtimesaweek.time表示不可數(shù)名詞，意為“時(shí)間”。表示可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)，倍數(shù)”What

time

is

it?I

go

to

the

movies

three

times

a

week.注意“次數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法：一次

once，

兩次

twice，三次或三次以上用基數(shù)詞加上times：three

times、five

times、one

hundred

times.表示“……幾次”的表達(dá)方法是：onceaday/aweek/amonth/ayear9.

Asforhomework,moststudentsdohomeworkeveryday.as

for意為“就……而論”，“至于”As

for

fruit，I

eat

it

sometimes.Asforhim，Ineverwanttoseehimhere.至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見(jiàn)到。10．Mymotherwantsmetodrinkit.wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人干某事Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？Iwantyoutohelpmewithmymath.我想要你幫我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。類(lèi)似動(dòng)詞后面用這種結(jié)構(gòu)做動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：ask

tell

help

11.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.begoodfor...表示“對(duì)……有益（有好處）”It'sgoodforustodomorereading.多讀書(shū)對(duì)我們有好處。Drinking

milk

is

good

for

your

health.喝牛奶對(duì)你的健康有益。其反義為：bebadfor...對(duì)……有害/無(wú)益Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes.在床上讀書(shū)對(duì)你的眼睛有害。12.usuallywhenIcomehomefromschoolWhen+從句當(dāng)……時(shí)候Ioftenstayathomewhenitisrainy.13..Itrytoeatalotofvegetables.trytodosth.盡量/盡力做某事I’lltrytolearnEnglishwell.我會(huì)盡量嘗試學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的。Youmusttrytotakemoreexercise.你必須盡量多做運(yùn)動(dòng)。14.Ilookaftermyhealth.lookafter照顧Mybrotherisill.Ihavetolookafterhimtoday.我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顧他。15.Myhealthylifestylehelpsmegetgoodgrades.helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事Sheoftenhelpsmelearnmath.她經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。Goodfoodandexercisehelpmetostudybetter.16.Isherlifestylethesameasyourlifestyleorisherlifestyledifferentfromyourlifestyle?bethesameas…/bedifferentfrom…與……一樣/與……不同Shelooksthesameashersister.她看起來(lái)跟她的妹妹很像。Thisbookisdifferentfromthatone.17.Alotofvegetableshelpyoutokeepingoodhealth.Alotof=lotsof=many/much許多keepingoodhealth=keephealthy=stayhealthykeep+形容詞表保持某種狀態(tài)Keepquiet!Thebabyissleeping.那嬰兒正在睡覺(jué)，保持安靜！Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.我們必須保持我們的教室干凈。18.Thatsoundsinteresting.sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)），look（看起來(lái)），smell（聞起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），feel（覺(jué)得），seem（好象）grow（變得）,get（變得）等詞在英語(yǔ)中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Ittastesgood.這味道好。Themusicsoundsverysweet.這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很入耳?！菊Z(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1、表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)：e.g:He’stwelve.2、表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：e.g:Igetupat6:30everyday.3、表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力等：e.g:Shelikesnoodles.4、表示不受時(shí)間限制的普遍真理和自然規(guī)律：e.g:Twoandfourissix.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的具體結(jié)構(gòu):1、be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句式肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be+表語(yǔ)(n./adj.等)e.g.Heisaworker.否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+表語(yǔ)e.g.Heisnotaworker.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)?e.g.Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.2、實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句式肯定句：主語(yǔ)（I/We/You/They）+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+其他e.g:IstayathomeonSaturdays.主語(yǔ)（He/She/It）+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他e.g:HestaysathomeonSaturdays.否定句：主語(yǔ)（I/We/You/They）+do+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他e.g:Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.主語(yǔ)（He/She/It）+does+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他e.g:Hedoesn’tstayathomeonSaturdays.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do+主語(yǔ)（I/we/you/they）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？e.g:DoyoustayathomeonSaturdays?Does+主語(yǔ)（he/she/it）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？e.g:DoeshestayathomeonSaturdays?動(dòng)詞變換規(guī)則:1、一般情況直接加s;e.g:reads,plays,works,makes2、以o,s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的加ese.g:do—does,go—goes,watch—watches,wash—washes,brush—brushes,push—pushes3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,去y變i加ese.g:dry—dries,fly—flies，study—studies4、特殊情況e.g:have–has【課后練習(xí)】一、按要求改寫(xiě)句子1、Sheexerciseeverymorning.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))________________doessheexercise?2、Sheoftengoestothemovies.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)________________sheoften______?3、MyfriendwatchesTVtwiceaweek.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))________________doesyourfriend______TV?4、Ilikejunkfoodbest.(改為同義句)My______food______junkfood.5、Ithinkshehasahealthylifestyle.(改為否定句)I____________she______ahealthylifestyle.二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1、I’mworriedbecausemymotheris_______.(health)2、Howoften______yourfather______(drink)wine?3、I______(hard)everseehim.4、Myparentswantme______(play)sportseveryday.三、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子1、做眼保健操對(duì)你的眼睛有好處。Doing_________________is_______________youreyes.2、盡管我學(xué)習(xí)不好，但我從未放棄過(guò)。________Ididn’tdowellinmylessons,I_______gaveup.3、——他多久給你發(fā)一次電子郵件？——一周一次?！猒_____________________hesendyouane-mail?——________aweek.4、大量的蔬菜幫助你保持健康。Alotofvegetableshelpyou____________________________.5、或許我不健康，雖然我有一個(gè)健康的生活方式。_______I’mnotveryhealthy,______Ihaveonehealthyhabit.6、你應(yīng)該盡量少吃點(diǎn)肉。Youshould_____________________________________.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.gotothemovies=gotothecinema看電影2.lookafter=takecareof照顧3.surftheInternet上網(wǎng)4.healthylifestyle健康的生活方式5.goskateboarding去劃板6.(be)ingoodhealth=（be）healthy身體健康7.keephealthy=keepingoodhealth保持健康8.asfor至于9.take/doexercise=play/dosports鍛煉,做運(yùn)動(dòng)10.eatinghabits飲食習(xí)慣11.thesameas與……相同12.onceamonth一月一次13.bedifferentfrom不同14.twiceaweek一周兩次15.makeadifferenceto對(duì)什么有影響16.howoften多久一次17.although=though雖然18.mostofthestudents=moststudents大多數(shù)學(xué)生19.activitysurvey活動(dòng)調(diào)查20.goshopping=dosomeshopping購(gòu)物21.doeyeexercises做眼保健操22.dohousework做家務(wù)事23.junkfood垃圾食物24.begood/badfor對(duì)……有益(害)25.on/atweekends在周末26.wanttodosth=wouldliketodosth=feellikedoingsth想要做某事27.wantsbtodos