2023年全國甲卷英語真題（解析版）

第1頁/共1頁2023年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國甲卷)英語學科注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將自己的姓名、準考證號、座位號填寫在本試卷上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。涂寫在本試卷上無效。3.作答非選擇題時，將答案書寫在答題卡上，書寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分1.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthebookstore. B.Intheregisteroffice. C.Inthedormbuilding.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothestudentdormbuilding?M:Sure.Turnleftwhenyouwalkoutofthisregisteroffice,passthebookstoreandyou’llseeit.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny. B.Cloudy. C.Rainy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Wecouldn’taskforabetterday,couldwe,Barbara?W:Iknow,Steve.Thereisn’tacloudinthesky.Ilovethistimeofyear.M:Me,too.Theflowersarebeautifulbutcallingforrainthough.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?A.Dosomegardening. B.Haveabarbecue. C.Gofishing.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Wegotanyplansthisweekend?W:Wemightstartwithourvegetablegarden,thenthebarbecue.M:Soundsfun,butIstillwanttogofishingwithGeorge.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Anewoffice. B.Achangeoftheirjobs. C.Aformercolleague.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Lisa,IsawJackthismorning.W:Youmeantheformerdesignerofourcompany?What’shedoingthesedays?M:Hesaidhe’sgotanewjobasanartreporter.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?A.He’soptimistic. B.He’sactive. C.He’sshy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouoftengotothestudentunion,Andrew?M:Prettymuch.OnceinawhileImeetfriendsthereandIspendalotoftimeorganizingactivitiesindifferentclubsorassociations.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?A.Thebedroom. B.Thesittingroom. C.Thekitchen.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?A.Gotoanotheragency. B.Seesomeotherflats. C.Visittheneighbours.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouthink,Terry?M:Well,ithasonemorebedroomthanthelastflat.Andthesittingroomisbig.W:Butthereisnotenoughcupboardspaceinthekitchen.M:It’scheaperthanthelastonewesaw.Anditisinagoodneighborhood.W:Well,maybewe’llhavetoseeiftheagenthasanythingelsetoshowus.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthemandoing?A.He’smakingaphonecall.B.He’schairingameeting.C.He’shostingaprogram.9.WhatmakesMrs.JohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?A.Lackofmedicalsupport.B.Inconvenienceofcommunication.C.Poortransportationsystem.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Thankyou,Mrs.Johnson,forwhatyou’vesharedwithourlisteners.Now,pleasetellus,doyousometimesfeelworriedaboutyourdaughter,nowthatshe’sgrownup?W:Oh,Iworryaboutherlikeallparentsdo.Aftershegraduatedfrommedicalschool,shewenttovolunteermedicalserviceinAfrica.M:Wow.W:That’sokayifcommunicationwasfine.ButiftherewasnoInternetortelephoneconnection,wecouldsometimesgotwoweekswithoutgettingintouchwitheachother.Thatoftenworriesme.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A.Asalesperson. B.Anengineer. C.Anaccountant.11.Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?A.Thecompanyculture. B.Thefreeaccommodations. C.Thecompetitivepay.12.Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?A.Interpersonalrelationships. B.Quality-quantitybalance. C.Unplannedhappenings.【答案】10.C11.A12.C【解析】【原文】W:Nowsellyourselfinaminuteplease.M:Igraduatedfromuniversitytwoyearsago,andhavesincebeenworkinginanaccountingcompany.Apartfromtheknowledgeandskillsrelatedtomymajor,I’mreallygoodwithcomputers.Ihavealargeamountofexperienceworkingwithbigdata.IthinkI’mwellqualifiedfortheaccountantpositionhere.W:Good!Whydidyouchoosethiscompany?M:Petersonhasbeenmydreamcompanyallalong.Youvalueprogressandfocusonthequalityofworkmorethanthequantity.Theflexibleworkinghoursandworkingfromhomeisalsoattractive.W:Uh-huh.Whatdoyouthinkisyourbiggestweakness?M:Well,whenIwork,IoftenconcentratesomuchonwhatI’mdoingthatImayhaveahardtimedealingwiththingsthatcomeupunexpectedly.Thatmaybeannoyingtosomepeople.W:Allright.Thankyouverymuch.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】13.HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?A.Hopeful. B.Grateful. C.Doubtful.14.WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?A.Hehadwildimagination. B.Heenjoyedsports. C.Helovedscience.15.WhatdidRobert’sfatherdo?A.Ateacher. B.Acoach. C.Alibrarian.16.WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?A.Writingdaily. B.Listeningtostories. C.Readingextensively.【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:SoRobert,Iguessyoumustbewellintoyourthirddecadeasawriter.Howislifetreatingyou?M:Fourthdecadeasawriter.Hmm,letmegetmycalculatorout.Well,IguessIhavebeenwritingnovelssincethe1980s.Soyou’reright.ButIhavebeenwritingallofmylife.Andtoansweryourquestion,lifehasbeentreatingmeexcellently.W:CanIaskyouaboutyourchildhood?Wereyouabookishchild?M:Inastrangeway,Iwasanon-readeruntilIturned9.IusedtoplaybasketballintheschoolyardsofBrooklyn.Myfatherwasahighschoolteacherofphysicsandchemistry.Andhewasabigreader.Hewouldbringbooksbackfromhishighschoollibrary.OnedayIreadthelastchapterofabook,thetitleofwhichI’velongsinceforgotten.IlikeditsomuchthatIstartedreadingtheremainder.Interestingly,IreadthechaptersbackwardsuntilIgottothebeginning.Ireallylovedtheexperience,andIsoonbecameaneagerreader.Thenmyfatherwouldbringpilesofbookshomefromthelibrary.AndIwouldreadthemall,andtheywereallfiction.ImustaddthatIstartedreadingthebooksfromthestart,asopposedtoworkingbackwards.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】17.WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986?A.InMoscow. B.InChelyabinsk. C.InBerlin.18.WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?A.Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.B.Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.C.Itwasalife-changingexperience.19.Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?A.Rockmusic. B.Popmusic. C.Classicalmusic.20.WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers’performance?A.Expressiveness. B.Smoothness. C.Completeness.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mMaximVengarov,andI’mveryhappytosharewithyoumyconnectionwithopenTchaikovskyCompetition.ItwasJune1986whenIcametoMoscowtoparticipateinopenTchaikovskyCompetitionattheageof10fromChelyabinsk.Thiswasactuallytheturningpointofmylife.ThenIattendedaworldmusicfestivalinBerlin.Anditwasinterestingtosaythatakidmadehisbreakthroughalreadyattheageof10.Andthatwasme.Nowasajudgeofthecompetition,Icanseeclearlythehugechallengesfacingthemusiciansinthecompetition.Whereelsecanyouseeyoungplayersplayingwithintendays—classicalworksandRussiantraditionalmusicbeforecomingtothefinalstage?Asamusician,it’simportanttogivemaximumattentionandtimetoyourownreflectionsofyourownfeelings.So,whatI’mreallylookingforinthecompetitionistomeetsomeonewhocantouchmemusically.Iwanttoseetheseed,atleasttheseedofthegreattreethatcangrow.Iwouldgoforthisviolinist.Iwouldgoforthismusician.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AWheretoEatinBangkokBangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.NahmOfferingThaifinedining.NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary(烹飪的)experiences.It’stheonlyThairestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheword’s50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLoodon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.IssayaSiameseClubIssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaichefIanKittichai’sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmoderncookingmethods.Bo.lanBo.lanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok’sculinarysencesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine’sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandle-litdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungry,there’salargesetmenu.GagganEarningfirstplaceonthelatest“Asia’s50bestrestaurants”list,progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues(場所)toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.21.WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?A.Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods. B.TheyhavebranchesinLondon.CTheyhavetop-classchefs. D.Theyarebasedinhotels.22.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?A.Gaggan. B.Bo.lan. C.IssayaSiameseClub. D.Nahm.23.WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?A.IthiresstafffromIndia. B.Itputsonaplayeveryday.C.Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes. D.Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導語】本文是應用文。介紹了一些關于從哪里開始你的曼谷美食之旅的建議?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據小標題Nahm下的段落中“HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLoodon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.(主廚大衛(wèi)·湯普森(DavidThompson)在倫敦的同名泰國餐廳獲得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都會酒店開設了這家分店)”以及小標題IssaysStameseClub下的段落中“IssayaSiameseClubisintematoionallyknowThaicheflanKittichai’sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.(IssayaSiameseClub是國際知名的泰國廚師lanKittichai的第一家曼谷旗艦餐廳)”可知，Nahm和IssayaSiameseClub的共同之處是他們都有一流的廚師。故選C項。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據小標題Bo.tan下的段落中“Forthoseextremelyhungrythere’salargesetmenu.(對于那些極度饑餓的人來說，這里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo.tan提供大型套餐。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據小標題Gaggan下的段落中“Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.(在這座兩層殖民時期的泰國住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往廚房的窗戶，在那里你可以看到Gaggan廚師和他的員工在工作)”可知，Gaggan的特別之處是它向客人展示了烹飪過程。故選D項。BTerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.Shesays:“I’msureIwasn’tmuchofahelptostartwith,paintingtheroomsandputtingdowntheflooringthroughoutthehouse.Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.”Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfromlosinganydepositwhenatenancy(租期)comestoanend.Sheadds:“I’vemovedhousemanytimesandIalwaysliketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures,so,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.”WithmillionsofpeoplelikelytotakeonDIYprojectsoverthatcomingweeks,newresearchshowsthatmorethanhalfofpeopleareplanningtomakethemostofthelong,warmsummerdaystogetjobsdone.Theaveragespendperprojectwillbearound￡823.Twothirdsofpeopleaimtoimprovetheircomfortwhileathome.Twofifthwishtoincreasethevalueoftheirhouse.ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeenseenasmalehobby,theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge.24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A.Anartist. B.Awinner. C.Aspecialist. D.Apioneer.25.WhydidTerri’sgrandfathergiveher￡5aday?A.Forabirthdaygift. B.Asatreatforherwork.C.TosupportherDIYprojects. D.Toencouragehertotakeupahobby.26.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore. B.Byfurnishingitherself.C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate. D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.27.WhattrendinDIYdoestheresearchshow?A.Itisbecomingmorecostly. B.Itisgettingmoretime-consuming.C.Itisturningintoaseasonalindustry. D.Itisgainingpopularityamongfemales.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了一位DIY高手TerriBoltonis的技能以及DIY項目可能會在女性群體中變成一種潮流趨勢?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據文章第一段畫線短語下文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.(她擅長擺架子和拼接家具，從不付錢給別人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此處指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C項“Aspecialist(一位專業(yè)人員)”最接近畫線短語“adabhand”的意思。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“ShecreditstheseskillstoherlategrandfatherandbuilderDerekLloyd.Fromtheageofsix,Terri,now26,accompaniedDerektoworkduringherschoolholidays.Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.(她將這些技能歸功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商DerekLloyd。從六歲起，現年26歲的Terri就在學校放假期間陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英鎊零花錢的獎勵)”以及“Ittookweeksandiswasbackbreakingwork,butIknowhewasproudofmyskills.(這花了幾個星期的時間，是一項艱苦的工作，但我知道他為我的技能感到驕傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天給她5英鎊是作為對她的工作的鼓勵。故選B?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段“So,it’sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoidanychargeswhenI’vemovedout.(所以，當我搬出去時，知道如何掩蓋漏洞并重新粉刷房間以避免任何費用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通過粉飾房間，讓它看起來像以前一樣，來避免被扣除租房的押金的。故選A?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。通過文章最后一段“theresearchshowsitiswomennowleadingthecharge(研究表明，現在是女性主導了這項運動)”可知，研究表明，DIY將在女性中越來越受歡迎。故選D。CIwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder’sSophie’sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學).ThatloveforphilosophylasteduntilIgottocollege.NothingkillstheloveforphilosophyfasterthanpeoplewhothinktheyunderstandFoucault,Baudrillard,orConfuciusbetterthanyou—andthentrytoexplainthem.EricWeiner’sTheSocratesExpress:InSearchofLifeLessonsfromDeadPhilosophersreawakenedmyloveforphilosophy.Itisnotanexplanation,butaninvitationtothinkandexperiencephilosophy.Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isabookabourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.Weinerentersintoconversationwithsomeofthemostimportantphilosophersinhistory,andhebecomespartofthatcrowdintheprocessbydecoding(解讀)theirmessagesandaddinghisowninterpretation.TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.Theinvitationisclear:Weinerwantsyoutopickupacoffeeorteaandsitdownwiththisbook.Iencourageyoutotakehisoffer.It’sworthyourtime,eveniftimeissomethingwedon’thavealotof.28.Whoopenedthedoortophilosophyfortheauthor?A.Foucault. B.EricWeiner.C.JosteinGaarder. D.Acollegeteacher.29.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4?A.TocompareWeinerwiththem.B.Togiveexamplesofgreatworks.C.Topraisetheirwritingskills.D.TohelpreadersunderstandWeiner’sbook.30.WhatdoestheauthorlikeaboutTheSocratesExpress?A.Itsviewsonhistoryarewell-presented.B.Itsideascanbeappliedtodailylife.C.Itincludescommentsfromreaders.D.Itleavesanopenending.31.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner’sbook?A.Objectiveandplain.B.Daringandambitious.C.Seriousandhardtofollow.D.Humorousandstraightforward.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。作者在13歲時開始喜歡哲學，隨后Weiner的書TheSocratesExpress喚起了作者對哲學的熱愛。文章通過介紹了TheSocratesExpress這本書，倡導讀者花時間去讀這本書?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Iwasabout13whenanunclegavemeacopyofJosteinGaarder’sSophie’sWorld.Itwasfullofideasthatwerenewtome,soIspentthesummerwithmyheadinandoutofthatbook.Itspoketomeandbroughtmeintoaworldofphilosophy(哲學).(我13歲的時候，一個叔叔給了我一本JosteinGaarder的《Sophie的世界》。書里面的觀點對我來說都很新奇，所以我整個夏天都在鉆研那本書。它對我說話，把我?guī)胍粋€哲學的世界。)”可知，JosteinGaarder為作者打開了通往哲學的大門。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontext(背景)ofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.TheendresultisareadinwhichwelearntowonderlikeSocrates,seelikeThoreau,listenlikeSchopenhauer,andhavenoregretslikeNietzsche.(Weiner在每一章的開頭都描述了一個城市之間火車旅行的場景，然后將每一位哲學家的著作框定在一個他們能夠幫助我們做得更好的事情上。最終的結果是，我們學會了像蘇格拉底一樣思考，像梭羅一樣看，像叔本華一樣聽，像尼采一樣沒有遺憾。)”可知，作者在第四段開頭描寫了Weiner書的內容，接著作者通過列舉了幾位偉大的哲學家來描寫讀完這本書后我們能從中學到的東西，由此可推知，作者列舉了幾位偉大的哲學家是為了幫助讀者理解Weiners的書。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中“This,morethanabookaboutundestandingphilosophy,isabookabourlearningtousephilosophytoimprovealife.(這不僅僅是一本關于理解哲學的書，更是一本關于學習運用哲學來改善生活的書。)”可知，作者喜歡TheSocratesExpress這本書，是因為它的思想可以應用到日常生活中。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“Hemakesphilosopicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor.(他使哲學思想成為一種有吸引力的練習，可以提高我們經驗的質量，而且他在做這件事的時候充滿了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的書很幽默，根據最后一段中“TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicityandgraduallypullsthemindeeperthoughtsondesire,loneliness,andaging.(TheSocratesExpress是一本有趣而尖銳的書，它以其表面上的簡單吸引著讀者，并逐漸將他們拉進對欲望、孤獨和衰老的深層思考中。)”可知，Weiners的書簡單易懂，由此可知，Weiners的書既幽默又簡單易懂。故選D。DGrizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.“Grizzlybearsarere-occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange,”saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirrangeintoplaceswheretheyhaven’tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they’reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.ThewesternhalfoftheU.S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.Obviously,ifprecautions(預防)aren’ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,”saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.32.HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?A.Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.B.Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.C.Theyareofhighscientificvalue.D.TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.33.Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?A.TheEuropeansettlers’behavior.B.Theexpansionofbears’range.C.Theprotectionbylawsince1975.D.ThesupportofNativeAmericans.34.WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromdelistinggrizzlies?A.Theoppositionofconservationgroups.B.Thesuccessfulcomebackofgrizzlies.C.Thevoiceofthebiologists.D.Thelocalfarmers’advocates.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.B.Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.C.Aspecialpathshouldbebuiltforgrizzlies.D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導語】本文是說明文，講述了美國灰熊從瀕危物種恢復到2000多頭，但也帶來了一些問題?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中“Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche-wereverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.(灰熊可以長到2.5米長，體重超過400公斤，在美國人的心理中占據著一個矛盾的角落——即使它們給我們帶來可怕的夢，我們也敬畏它們)”可知，美國人對灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他們的情感是混合的。故選A項。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段最后一句“In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.(1975年，灰熊被列入《瀕危物種法》)”以及第四段“Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.(如今，美國大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復非常成功，以至于美國魚類和野生動物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對灰熊的法律保護，允許它們被獵殺)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保護，灰熊的數量有了增長。故選C項。【34題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中“Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU.S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtodelistgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.(如今，美國大約有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它們的恢復非常成功，以至于美國魚類和野生動物管理局兩次試圖將灰熊從名單上除名，這將放松對灰熊的法律保護，允許它們被獵殺。由于環(huán)保組織的訴訟，這兩項努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名單上)”可知，是環(huán)保組織的的反對阻止了美國魚類和野生動物管理局將灰熊從瀕危物種名單上除名。故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Obviously,ifprecautionsaren’ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant-freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits,“saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.(顯然，如果不采取預防措施，灰熊會變得很麻煩，有時會殺死農場動物，或者在院子里尋找食物。如果人們把食物和引誘劑從他們的院子和露營地移走，灰熊通常會安然通過。在雞舍和其他農場動物生活區(qū)周圍設置電動圍欄也能有效地趕走灰熊?！拔覀兿Ｍ幸粋€干凈，沒有誘餌的地方，熊可以通過，而不會養(yǎng)成壞習慣，”詹姆斯·瓊克爾說，他是一位長期管理米蘇拉及其周圍熊的生物學家)”可推知，灰熊數量增長，雖然會帶來一些麻煩，但是如果采取一些預防措施，人和灰熊可以和諧相處。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?Thereisoneanswer.___36___.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightaiourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___37___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(滿足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.___38___.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●___39___.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortabelistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“___40___.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【答案】36.G37.E38.B39.C40.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了變得耐心的一些方法?！?6題詳解】根據上文“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.(這里有一個謎語：交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期開始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個)”可知，本句說明上文謎語的答案，結合“交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點額外的耐心”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大學的研究員葉麗說：“表達感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力?！?”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心。E選項中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項“它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心”符合語境，故選E。【38題詳解】根據上文“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(我們養(yǎng)成等待習慣的唯一方法就是練習)”以及后文“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.(把你最喜歡的節(jié)目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列舉的事情都是日常的小事，說明要從小事開始練習等待，故B選項“從小任務開始”符合語境，故選B。【39題詳解】根據本段內容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我們中的許多人都認為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當我們經歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時，我們會對環(huán)境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結合前文的小標題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關，C選項中uncomfortable對應后文comfortable。故C選項“接受不舒服”