統(tǒng)考版2024高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第2板塊強化知識運用專題3完形填空含解析

PAGE第2板塊[命題規(guī)律]1．短文以記敘文為主，夾敘夾議文為輔。情節(jié)往往不按時間依次平鋪直敘，有插敘或倒敘，有時還夾有描述和評論。2．以考查實詞為主。動詞的考查依舊是首位，然后是名詞、形容詞和副詞，虛詞偶有考查。3．聯(lián)系上下文的設(shè)空約占80%，結(jié)合語篇的設(shè)空約占20%，充分體現(xiàn)了“留意基礎(chǔ)，難易比例適當(dāng)，有利于選拔人才”的高考命題思路。[命題趨勢]1．預(yù)料依舊以記敘文為主，選材上以貼近學(xué)生生活的話題為主，包括社會熱點、學(xué)校生活、人物故事等，以傳遞正能量、普及社會常識為宗旨。2．選項布局以考查實詞為主，其中動詞、名詞居多，其次是形容詞、副詞，對介詞等虛詞的考查相對較少。3．從三個層面考查語境理解的實力：對文章整體(文章中心主線和整體結(jié)構(gòu))的把握和理解；對上下文或句子之間關(guān)系的把握和理解；對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意義的把握和理解。[完形填空解題四步驟]第一步：通讀全文，理解大意重視首句信息，把握文章大意，為解題打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。其次步：依據(jù)語境，初選答案解題過程中，應(yīng)遵循先易后難的原則，先選出那些自己有把握的選項。對少數(shù)難題，短暫跳過；或許依據(jù)上文信息或后一兩句都難以推斷的題，在下文中就有示意或者明顯的提示；或許一個在前面不能解答的題，在填出了另一空后會令你豁然開朗。第三步：研讀選項，解決難題借助已經(jīng)填完的選項，上下求索、瞻前顧后，集中解決遺留的少數(shù)難題。此時我們要從語篇層次進(jìn)行深化分析。第四步：復(fù)讀全文，驗證答案代入選項，重讀文章，最終確定答案。A篇(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk，mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The1isobvious.Ifwe2itisadoor，they'llwanttogooutside3．Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe4．Butourinsistingit's5awindowhaskeptthemfrom6millionsofrequestsIhatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll7anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa8．Iwonderif9shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe10．Ihaveaverystrong11thattheliewe'retellingisdoing12damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave13metaphorical(比方)meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin14theycometoametaphoricaldoor，likeanopportunity(機會)ofsomesort，and15openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity，theyjust16itandwonder，“Whatifitisn'tadoor？”Thatis，“Whatifitisn'ta17opportunity？”Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe18isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust19repeatedlyhavingtosay，“No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow.”Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife，betheyrealormetaphorical，theywon't20toopenthemandwalkthrough.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。有時為了避開麻煩，我們難免會說謊?？芍e言有時也會讓人產(chǎn)生恐驚，引發(fā)人內(nèi)心的擔(dān)憂。本文敘述了作者在自己的雙胞胎孩子剛學(xué)步時，為避開孩子不斷地通過滑動玻璃門給其帶來麻煩，刻意編造謊言告知孩子，那是窗戶而不是門，而后又懊悔對孩子說謊的故事。窗戶和門都有重要的比方意義，作者膽怯 對孩子說了這樣的謊后，當(dāng)孩子人生中的機會出現(xiàn)時，他們會產(chǎn)生懷疑從而遲疑不前。1．A.relief B．targetC．reason D．caseC[依據(jù)語境可知，作者說謊的緣由(reason)很明顯。]2．A.admit B．believeC．mean D．realizeA[結(jié)合下文“they'llwanttogooutside．Itwilldriveuscrazy”可推知，假如作者他們承認(rèn)(admit)這是門，孩子就會始終(constantly)想出去，這會使他們發(fā)瘋的。]3．A.gradually B．constantlyC．temporarily D．casuallyB[參見上題解析。temporarily“短暫地，臨時地”；casually“隨意地，偶然地”。]4．A.result B．dangerC．method D．truthD[由下文中的“tellthetruth”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示孩子們明顯知道真相(truth)。]5．A.merely B．slightlyC．hardly D．partlyA[依據(jù)語境可知，作者他們堅持說這僅僅是(merely)一個窗戶，這已經(jīng)阻擋了孩子們許多次試圖(attempt)開門的懇求。]6．A.reviewing B．a(chǎn)pprovingC．receiving D．a(chǎn)ttemptingD[參見上題解析。]7．A.winout B．giveupC．wakeup D．standoutC[依據(jù)空前一句中的“l(fā)yingtothekids”和該句中的“discover”可知，有一天，他們會醒悟(wakeup)過來，發(fā)覺他們始終知道的關(guān)于窗戶的一切都是謊言(lie)。winout“終獲成功”；standout“突出，惹眼”。]8．A.dream B．lieC．fantasy D．factB[參見上題解析。fantasy“幻想，想象”。]9．A.parents B．twinsC．colleagues D．teachersA[由下文的“ourchildren”的提示可知，此處表示“我在想，無論結(jié)果(consequences)如何，父母(parents)是否都應(yīng)當(dāng)告知真相”。]10．A.restrictions B．explanationsC．differences D．consequencesD[參見上題解析。restriction“限制規(guī)定，制約因素”。]11．A.demand B．fearC．desire D．doubtB[依據(jù)下文中的“Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear”和語境可知，此處應(yīng)為“我特別恐驚(fear)”。]12．A.physical B．biologicalC．spiritual D．behavioralC[依據(jù)下文表述的“窗戶和門都有重要的比方意義，作者膽怯 對孩子說了這樣的謊后，當(dāng)孩子人生中的機會出現(xiàn)時，他們會產(chǎn)生懷疑從而遲疑不前”可知，此處表示作者膽怯 自己所說的謊言正在對孩子造成精神上的(spiritual)損害。biological“生物的，生物學(xué)的”。]13．A.traditional B．importantC．double D．originalB[依據(jù)語境和常識可知，窗戶和門都有重要的(important)比方意義。]14．A.life B．timeC．reply D．historyA[依據(jù)常識可知，此處表示“倘如他們在以后的人生(life)中，來到一扇就像某種機會的比方性的門前，他們會怎么樣？”。]15．A.bycomparisonwith B．inadditiontoC．regardlessof D．insteadofD[依據(jù)下文中的“theyjustitandwonder，‘Whatifitisn'tadoor？’”可知，他們僅僅是盯著(stareat)這扇門在遲疑而不是(insteadof)打開門，抓住機會。bycomparisonwith“與……相比”。]16．A.getholdof B．stareatC．knockon D．makeuseofB[參見上題解析。]17．A.real B．typicalC．similar D．limitedA[依據(jù)上文作者把門比作機會可知，“假如這不是一扇門”也就是說“假如這不是一個真正的(real)機會”。]18．A.safetyrule B．comfortzoneC．bottomline D．topsecretC[依據(jù)下文表述的作者應(yīng)當(dāng)接受(accept)重復(fù)告知孩子現(xiàn)在不能出去可知，底線(bottomline)是作者不應(yīng)當(dāng)向孩子說謊。]19．A.delay B．regretC．enjoy D．a(chǎn)cceptD[參見上題解析。]20．A.hurry B．decideC．hesitate D．intendC[依據(jù)語境可知，假如不對孩子說這樣的謊，那么當(dāng)他們來到人生的其他門前時，不管它們是真實的，還是比方性的，他們會堅決果斷地打開門走過去。]B篇(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo，”whoserealnamecannotbe21tothepublicbecauseofItaly'sprivacylaws，22workingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.Asheoftendid，hestoppedbythe“afterworkauction(拍賣)”23bytheItalianpolicewherethings24onthetrainsweresoldtothehighestbidder.There，amongmanyotherthings，Nicolospottedtwopaintingshethoughtwouldlook25abovehisdiningroomtable.Nicoloandanotherbidder26untilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily，he27thepaintingswithhim.Hehungthemabovethesametablehehad28fromTurin.Hisson，age15，whohad29anartappreciationclass，thoughtthattherewassomething30abouttheonewithayounggirlsittingonagardenchair.Itwassigned(簽名)“Bonnato”orsohethought，butwhenhe31it，heonlyfound“Bonnard，”aFrench32hehadneverheardof.Heboughtabookandwas33tofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesame34ashisfather'spainting.“That'sthegardeninourpicture，”Nicolo'ssontoldhisfather.They35learnedthatthepaintingthey36wascalled“TheGirlwithTwoChairs.”They37theotherpaintingandlearnedthatitwas38PaulGauguin's“StillLifeofFruitonaTablewithaSmallDog.”The39calledtheItalianCultureMinistry；theofficialconfirmedthatthePaintingswere40andworthasmuchas$50million.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。工人“Nicolo”無意中在意大利警察所經(jīng)營的拍賣會上得到了兩幅畫，最終經(jīng)過鑒定兩幅畫都是大師的原作，價值不菲。21．A.attached B．a(chǎn)llocatedC．exposed D．submittedC[依據(jù)下文的“becauseofItaly'sprivacylaws”可知主子公的真名是隱私的、不行透露的。attach“系”；allocate“安排”；expose“揭露，暴露”；submit“提交”。]22．A.finished B．delayedC．considered D．triedA[依據(jù)下文的“afterworkauction(拍賣)”可知他是工作結(jié)束后去的拍賣會。]23．A.attended B．reservedC．cancelled D．runD[依據(jù)語境，應(yīng)當(dāng)是意大利警察所經(jīng)營的一個拍賣會。attend“出席，上(學(xué))”；reserve“預(yù)訂”；cancel“取消”；run“經(jīng)營，管理”。]24．A.shown B．foundC．kept D．hiddenB[依據(jù)“bytheItalianpolice”可推斷，拍賣的東西應(yīng)是在火車上找到的。]25．A.nice B．familiarC．useful D．realA[依據(jù)語境及常識可知，畫掛在餐桌上方起美觀的作用。]26．A.battled B．debatedC．discussed D．bargainedA[依據(jù)下文的“Nicolofinallywonthepaintings”可知Nicolo和另外一個競標(biāo)者是在競爭。battle“競爭”；debate“辯論”；bargain“討價還價”。]27．A.held B．leftC．registered D．broughtD[依據(jù)“WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily”以及下文的“HehungthemabovethesametablehehadfromTurin”可推想，Nicolo把兩幅畫和那張餐桌都從Turin帶到了Sicily。]28．A.chosen B．receivedC．ordered D．movedD[參見上題解析。]29．A.missed B．failedC．taken D．ledC[他的兒子上過藝術(shù)鑒賞課。take“學(xué)習(xí)，修(課程)”。]30．A.concrete B．unusualC．unappealing D．naturalB[依據(jù)“Hisson，age15，whohadanartappreciationclass”可知他的兒子上過藝術(shù)鑒賞課，覺得這幅畫不同尋常。]31．A.appreciated B．touchedC．researched D．witnessedC[依據(jù)上文的“Itwassigned(簽名)‘Bonnato’orsohethought”可知Nicolo的兒子應(yīng)當(dāng)是去查了這個簽名，但是查到的只有“Bonnard”，一個他從未聽說過的法國畫家。appreciate“觀賞，感謝”；touch“觸摸，接觸”；research“調(diào)查”；witness“見證，目擊”。]32．A.painter B．designerC．a(chǎn)uthor D．a(chǎn)ctorA[參見上題解析。]33．A.expected B．surprisedC．a(chǎn)nxious D．readyB[依據(jù)“HeboughtabookandwastofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesameashisfather'spainting”及“That'sthegardeninourpicture”可推想Nicolo的兒子買的一本書中PierreBonnard的圖片中的椅子和花園跟Nicolo得到的畫中的一模一樣，這應(yīng)當(dāng)是讓人驚異的。]34．A.room B．kitchenC．hall D．gardenD[參見上題解析。]35．A.apparently B．confidentlyC．eventually D．temporarilyC[依據(jù)語境可知，Nicolo父子最終(eventually)知道了畫的名字。apparently“明顯的”；temporarily“短暫的”。]36．A.owned B．borrowedC．sold D．stoleA[依據(jù)語境可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是他們擁有的畫。]37．A.collected B．cleanedC．framed D．studiedD[依據(jù)語境可知，他們調(diào)查了第一幅畫和它的作者之后，又去探討另外一幅畫。frame“給(圖畫或照片)配框”。]38．A.suitably B．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．rightly D．specificallyB[依據(jù)語境可知，他們探討了另外一幅畫，得知這幅畫事實上是PaulGauguin的作品。]39．A.girl B．a(chǎn)rtistC．family D．policeC[依據(jù)下文信息可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是父子倆打電話去意大利文化部求證畫的真?zhèn)?。只有family可以指代文中出現(xiàn)的父子倆。]40．A.copies B．originalsC．models D．presentsB[依據(jù)“theofficialconfirmed”可知官方證明這兩幅畫都是真跡。]C篇(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March—41sixmonthsoutoftheyear.“Ofcourse,we42itwhenthesunisshining，”saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis43，butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona44day.”Butthat45whenasystemofhigh-tech46wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents(居民)ofRjukan47theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto48.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat49themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe50andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown'scentral51，creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight52，Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.“Peoplehavebeen53thereandstandingthereandtaking54ofeachother，”Rosays.“Thetownsquarewastotally55．Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere.”The3，500residentscannotall56thesunshineatthesametime.57，thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's58residents.“It'snotvery59，”shesays,“butitisenoughwhenweare60．”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年無法得到陽光直射，這種狀況通過運用高科技設(shè)備得以改善。該語篇旨在激發(fā)思索，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注自然生態(tài)，探究人與自然的和諧相處之道。41．A.only B．obviouslyC．nearly D．preciselyC[上文語境題。依據(jù)空前所述(從九月底到三月中旬)可知，此處指接近(nearly)六個月的時間。only只有；obviously明顯地；precisely精確地。]42．A.fear B．believeC．hear D．noticeD[上下文語境題。由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六個月的時間沒有陽光直射，再依據(jù)下文引號里的話可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽陉柟庹丈涞臅r候留意(notice)到天空是藍(lán)色的，但山谷里較暗。fear膽怯 ；believe信任；hear聽說。]43．A.empty B．blueC．high D．wideB[上文語境題。明顯，該引號中的話為當(dāng)?shù)厝肆粢獾降臓顩r——我們看到天空是藍(lán)色的(blue)，但山谷里較暗。empty空的；high高的；wide寬的。]44．A.cloudy B．normalC．different D．warmA[上文語境題。山谷里較暗，就像陰天(acloudyday)一樣。normal正常的；different不同的；warm暖和的。]45．A.helped B．changedC．happened D．matteredB[上下文語境題。但是當(dāng)一套高科技的鏡子系統(tǒng)被引進(jìn)之后，這種狀況變更(change)了。help幫助；happen發(fā)生；matter重要。]46．Aputers B．telescopesC．mirrors D．camerasC[下文語境題。由下文中的“Themirrorsarecontrolled...”可知該空填mirror(鏡子)。computer電腦；telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡；camera照相機。]47．A.remembered B．forecastedC．received D．imaginedC[上下文語境題。由上下文可知，在引進(jìn)高科技的鏡子系統(tǒng)后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日陽光的第一束光。remember記??；forecast預(yù)報；imagine想象。]48．A.repair B．riskC．rest D．useD[上文語境題。由該句前的冒號可知，此句介紹尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——旁邊山坡上的一排反射板投入運用。puttouse“投入運用”，符合語境。repair修理；risk冒險；rest休息。]49．A.forbids B．directsC．predicts D．followsB[上下文語境題。這些鏡子是由電腦限制的，電腦可以讓它們在白天隨著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動，在有風(fēng)的天氣里關(guān)閉。direct“管理，指揮”，符合語境。forbid禁止；predict預(yù)料；follow跟隨。]50．A.day B．nightC．month D．yearA[上下文語境題。因為是要反射光源，確定是在白天時間。throughouttheday“整個白天”，符合語境。]51．A.library B．hallC．square D．streetC[下文語境題。由下一段中的“Thetownsquarewastotally...”可知，此空填square。library圖書館；hall大廳；street街道。]52．A.appeared B．returnedC．faded D．stoppedA[上文語境題。當(dāng)光出現(xiàn)(appear)的時候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。return返回；fade消逝；stop停止。]53．A.driving B．hidingC．camping D．sittingD[下文語境題。與空后的standing對應(yīng)的是sitting，指人們或坐或站，故選D項。drive駕駛；hide躲藏；camp露營。]54．A.pictures B．notesC．care D．holdA[上下文語境題。人們或坐或站，相互拍照。takepicturesof“給……拍照”，符合語境。takenotesof記筆記；takecareof照看；takeholdof握住。]55．A.new B．fullC．flat D．silentB[下文語境題。由空后的“我覺得幾乎鎮(zhèn)上全部人都在那里了”可知城鎮(zhèn)廣場完全滿了(full)。new新的；flat平淡的，單調(diào)的；silent緘默的。]56．A.block B．a(chǎn)voidC．enjoy D．storeC[上下文語境題。3，500個居民不能同時享受(enjoy)陽光。block攔住，堵?。籥void避開；store儲存。]57．A.Instead B．HoweverC．Gradually D．SimilarlyB[語義邏輯題?？涨疤岬骄用癫荒芡瑫r享受陽光，空后說，新光線對小鎮(zhèn)居民而言感覺綽綽有余，由此可知，前后語義為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填however(然而)。instead反而，相反；gradually漸漸地；similarly相像地。]58．A.nature-loving B．energy-savingC．weather-beaten D．sun-starvedD[上文語境題。尤坎小鎮(zhèn)原本每年有接近六個月的時間不見陽光，所以說他們是渴望陽光的(sun-starved)居民。nature-loving酷愛自然的；energy-saving節(jié)約能源的；weather-beaten飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的。]59．A.big B．clearC．cold D．easyA[上下文語境題。由上文Ro的敘述以及morethanenough等字眼可知，對于渴望陽光的尤坎居民而言，新光線讓他們心滿足足。故此處語境為“它不是很大(big)，但當(dāng)我們共享(share)的時候就足夠了”。]60．A.trying B．waitingC．watching D．sharingD[上文語境題。當(dāng)我們共享(share)的時候就足夠了。try嘗試；wait等待；watch觀看。]題型一句內(nèi)層次題句內(nèi)層次題是指通過閱讀空格所處的那一句話即可找出答案的題目。(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28duringthedaytime.28．A.directions B．partnersC．help D．shelter[思維路徑]解決方式就是種樹，以便動物們能在白天找到“遮擋處，遮擋物”，故28題選D。(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.30．A.rebuilt B．discoveredC．left D．managed[思維路徑]Molai起先自己去找尋，發(fā)覺了一個旁邊的小島，并且起先在那里種樹，故30題選B。(2024·天津卷)Thenhehungacolorfulsignoneachofthebenchesthat27：“HAPPYTOCHAT”.27．A.read B．claimedC．meant D．implied[思維路徑]依據(jù)空格后的“HAPPYTOCHAT”可知，這是彩色標(biāo)牌上寫的內(nèi)容，英語中表示“……上寫的是……”用read，故27空選A。(2024·天津卷)Justafewdaysafterthesignswentup,hefoundpeoplesittingthereandengaginginactiveand28conversations.28．A.formal B．joyfulC．a(chǎn)wkward D．crazy[思維路徑]空格前的and連接兩個表達(dá)相同感情色調(diào)的詞，均用來修飾conversation，由active可知，人們進(jìn)行著主動開心的談話，故28題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.43．A.position B．a(chǎn)geC．face D．name[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的Theglaciersaredisappearing可知，冰川的消逝正在變更乞力馬扎羅山的面貌，故43題選C。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)ThebestofaKilimanjaro50，inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.50．A.atmosphere B．experienceC．experiment D．sight[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的reachingthetop可知，作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山最好的爬山體驗并不是登頂，故50題選B。(2024·天津卷)She25.calculatedthatgoingtoastranger'shousewasa26move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.26．A.selfless B．riskyC．slow D．personal[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中takethechance“冒險”可知，她認(rèn)為到生疏人的家里去會有些冒險(risky)，但她確定去冒險，故26題選B。(2024·浙江卷)Berlinhasbeenthe48whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.48．A.easiest B．nearestC．biggest D．richest[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen可知，空格處應(yīng)與themostdifficult相對應(yīng)，故48題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.60．A.role B．desireC．concern D．behavior[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的“asajournalist”可知，今日這些話對于“我”作為記者的角色(role)，仍舊是真實有用的，故60題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.49．A.stared B．sankC．dived D．fell[思維路徑]依據(jù)tookoffmyT-shirt可知，此處表示作者脫掉T恤衫跳進(jìn)(dive)水里，故49題選C。題型二句組層次題句組層次題是指通過閱讀空格所處的那一句話不能找出正確答案，須要結(jié)合空格所在句前后的句子或該段落才可找出答案的題目。(2024·天津卷)Hehasrecentlymadeasignificant16.discovery—lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes,butitcanbe17.preventedinacleverway.The18？Chatbenches.18．A.solution B．puzzleC．excuse D．intention[思維路徑]空格后提到的閑聊長椅也就是前文提到的acleverway，是孤獨問題的解決方法，故18題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Everyyearabout40，000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.41．A.keep B．mixC．connect D．bring42．A.stories B．buildingsC．crowds D．reporters[思維路徑]依據(jù)第一句的內(nèi)容可知，每年大約有4萬人試圖攀登乞力馬扎羅山，他們攀登的時候帶來(bring)了許多垃圾，故41題選D。從about40，000people可知這些人群(crowds)可能會破壞這個地方的美，故42題選C。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting,Ehlers41．thoughtaboutthesmalldoghehadseen42alongsidetheroad.Hehad43.triedtocoax(哄)thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.runoff．42．A.fighting B．tremblingC．eating D．sleeping[思維路徑]依據(jù)與下句frightened的對應(yīng)關(guān)系可知，此處表示那條狗正在路邊顫抖(tremble)，故42題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith49.Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers'face.49．A.surprise B．joyC．hesitation D．a(chǎn)nxiety[思維路徑]依據(jù)空格前面的Nervousnessandfearwerereplaced(驚慌擔(dān)憂和恐驚被取代了)以及后面句子中的ItjuststartedlickingEhlers'face.(它就起先舔Ehlers的臉)可知，它的擔(dān)憂和恐驚被歡樂(joy)取代，故49題選B。(2024·天津卷)Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethe18ofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver'slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.18．A.parts B．contentsC．details D．ingredients[思維路徑]空格后面的句子提到了Thecreditcards,thedriver'slicense,thecash，這些都是錢包里裝的東西，空格所在的句子應(yīng)表示“要把那個小錢包里的東西(content)都更換須要花多少時間和金錢？”故18題選B。(2024·天津卷)Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband19itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom.“DoesJenniferlivehere？”Iheardaladysay.19．A.ignored B．a(chǎn)nsweredC．examined D．interrupted[思維路徑]空格前面的句子說作者聽到了敲門聲，而空格后面的句子是一位女士的聲音，空格處應(yīng)是作者的丈夫去開門，故19題選B。題型三語篇層次題語篇層次題是指無法在句內(nèi)或句組確定答案，須要結(jié)合整個語篇才能找到正確答案的題目。(2024·江蘇卷)Beinggoodatsomethingandhavingapassionforitarenotenough.Success36.dependsfundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe37.eventsinourlivesWilsonreceivedseveralinternational53.awardsforhisgreatcontributions.Helosthissightbutfounda54.vision.Heprovedthatit'snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.55．A.distinguishes B．determinesC．claims D．limits[思維路徑]文章首段中“Success36.dependsfundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe37.eventsinourlives.”告知我們“成功從根本上取決于我們對自己和對生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法”；而文章結(jié)尾處的“Heprovedthatit'snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.”與開頭形成了呼應(yīng)，應(yīng)表示“不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情確定了我們的生活——是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情”，故55題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Everyyearabout40，000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41．bringwiththemlotsofwaste.The42.crowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplaceThebestofaKilimanjaro50.experience,inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.Mountainsare51．regardedasspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52.viewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))inthespaceofafewkilometers.53．A.scientists B．climbersC．locals D．officials[思維路徑]依據(jù)前面段中的Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro可知，爬山的人(climber)可以經(jīng)驗五種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，故53題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext44.informinghimthatacouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy.“Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken，”Dennis46.responded．Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere47inginquicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher48.excitement,shedidn'tseemtorealizethatshewas49.sharingthebaby'sphotoswithacompletestranger.“Well,Idon't50.knowyouallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby，”repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew51werein.45．A.wake-up B．recoveryC．growth D．a(chǎn)rrival51．A.parents B．doctorsC．patients D．visitors[思維路徑]依據(jù)下一段的Thebabywasborn可知，45題表示他們正在等待著一個嬰兒的到來(arrival)，故選D；由上一段的acouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy可知，51題應(yīng)指那對初為人父母(parents)的夫婦，故選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Asabusinesswoman，Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection，41canalsodriveyoumad.They'llcomerushingin，42theirhandbag'sbeenstolen.They'll43thattheyleftitinthechangingroom，createhavoc(混亂)andthen44ithadbeenintheircarallthetime.They'llhaveouthalfthe45intheshop，andwanttheonlystyleyoudon'thaveleftina46colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget，butItrytopersuadethemtokeep47Irememberthefirstreally48customerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas49absolutelyeverything，nothingwasrightandIwasrather50thatshebecamea“regular”．Afterawhile，she51forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore，waslivinginaflat52，andsinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對)，she'dtakenitouton53people.Thattaughtmeavaluable54andIpassitontothepeoplewho55inthemarket.Don'ttakeit56．Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult，justthink“Maybeshe'shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild'snot57．”Alwayswateritdownanddon'tletyourego(自我)get58．Ifyoudo，youwon'tbeableto59itandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat6041．A.shopkeepers B．customersC．salespersons D．receptionistsB句組層次題。依據(jù)前一句中的“customers”可知答案。42．A.saying B．pretendingC．guessing D．replyingA句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)空格后的“theirhandbag'sbeenstolen”可知此處是指說的內(nèi)容應(yīng)用say。43．A.agree B．promiseC．imagine D．swearD句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)語境可知，他們會發(fā)誓他們把它留在更衣室了。44．A.forget B．decideC．discover D．a(chǎn)ssumeC句組層次題。上一句說顧客說他們的手提包被盜，此處表示“然后卻發(fā)覺它始終在車上”。45．A.foods B．cataloguesC．belongings D．goodsD句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)空后的shop和語境可知，此處應(yīng)填goods。46．A.particular B．differentC．matching D．naturalA句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)空格前面的wanttheonlystyleyoudon'thaveleft和后面的color可知，顧客們只想要店里賣完的某一特定顏色的款式。47．A.fighting B．smilingC．waiting D．changingB句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)連詞but可知，此處填入的詞與前一分句中的upset相反，故選B。48．A.generous B．politeC．careless D．difficultD句組層次題。依據(jù)下句中的描述可知這個顧客很難纏。49．A.curiousabout B．displeasedwithC．patientwith D．uncertainaboutB句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)下文中的“nothingwasright”可知，她對一切都不滿足。50．A.relaxed B．delightedC．surprised D．embarrassedC句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)上文可知顧客對一切都不滿足，但后來卻成了?？?，所以我對此很驚異。51．A.searched B．a(chǎn)rguedC．prayed D．a(chǎn)pologizedD句組層次題。依據(jù)下句的內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)是她因剛起先的行為而向我致歉。52．A.bychance B．byherselfC．onpurpose D．ondutyB句內(nèi)層次題。由于和丈夫分開了，所以她獨自一人住在公寓。53．A.rude B．suchC．other D．lonelyC句內(nèi)層次題。因為她發(fā)覺要應(yīng)對許多問題，便將心情發(fā)泄給他人。54．A.lesson B．trickC．skill D．tradeA語篇層次題。依據(jù)前文的敘述結(jié)合后文作者的感悟，可知這件事給作者上了珍貴的一課。55．A.work B．shopC．meet D．quarrelA句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)后面的inthemarket可知我把這一閱歷傳給在市場工作的人們。56．A.kindly B．secretlyC．personally D．casuallyC句組層次題。依據(jù)其后的描述可知，假如顧客的行為簡潔粗暴也不要在意。takesth.personally意為“認(rèn)為某人的言行針對自己而不快”。57．A.ready B．a(chǎn)wayC．up D．wellD句組層次題。本句與前一句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，是使顧客不好相處的一個緣由，結(jié)合選項可知此處是說“可能她的孩子不舒適”。58．A.outofsight B．inthewayC．behindthescene D．a(chǎn)bovethelawB句內(nèi)層次題。本句and前表示要淡化，and后應(yīng)指不要讓自我阻礙你。intheway意為“阻礙，擋道”。59．A.stress B．expectC．handle D．blameC句內(nèi)層次題。假如這樣，你就會難以應(yīng)對，整件事就會發(fā)展為令人不開心的情形。60．A.ruins B．makesC．starts D．savesA句內(nèi)層次題。這種不開心的情形會毀了每個人的一天。技法一利用上下文示意解題[解題技法分述]在多數(shù)空格前后的上下文中，會出現(xiàn)或多或少的設(shè)空依據(jù)，就是所謂的“伏筆”或“示意”。學(xué)生在閱讀過程中會依據(jù)這些伏筆或示意，或順勢對下文進(jìn)行推想，或逆向?qū)ι衔倪M(jìn)行推導(dǎo)，心中往往能預(yù)判出答案，并且在閱讀過程中對預(yù)想答案不斷進(jìn)行修正。[經(jīng)典案例分析](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond21.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22therefromaveryyoungage.21．A.dream B．jobC．home D．choice22．A.nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledge[思維路徑]依據(jù)21空前一句可知，Molai在印度的一個小村莊長大，那里應(yīng)當(dāng)是他的第一個家，那么村莊旁邊的濕地就是他的其次個家，故21空選C。濕地是自然的一部分，他在濕地了解到的應(yīng)是自然，故22空選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone50aslostinthelocalpaper.Theadhada51numberforatowninsouthernMichigan.Ehlers52thenumberofJeffandLisatotellthemhehad53theirdog.Jeffhad54inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog，Rosie，butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched55.invain50．A.predicted B．a(chǎn)dvertisedC．believed D．recorded51．A.house B．phoneC．street D．car52．A.called B．copiedC．counted D．remembered53．A.fed B．a(chǎn)doptedC．found D．cured54．A.hunted B．skiedC．lived D．worked[思維路徑]可以通過下文的關(guān)鍵詞thelocalpaper和thead的示意來選定50至53題。狗的主子應(yīng)是在當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埖橇藦V告(advertise)，故50題選B。尋狗啟事上應(yīng)留有電話(phone)號碼，故51題選B。Ehlers給狗的主子打電話(call)說已經(jīng)找到(find)了他們的狗，故52題選A；53題選C。后一段中，下文的thegunshots給出了示意，據(jù)此判定他們在打獵(hunt)，故54題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course，calledThinkingChess，forthreecredits.I41．jumpedattheideaoftakingtheclassbecause，afterall，whodoesn'twantto42afewdollars？Morethanthat，I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And，evenifIweren't43enoughaboutfreecredits，newsaboutour44.instructorwasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster，which45.meantIwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's46．Icouldhardlywaitto47.meethim.42．A.waste B．earnC．save D．pay43．A.excited B．worriedC．moved D．tired46．A.fastest B．easiestC．best D．rarest[思維路徑]依據(jù)上文中的a“free”course可知課程是免費的，我欣然接受，終歸誰不想節(jié)約(save)幾美元呢？故42題選C。下文44題空白后面的appealing示意，即使免費獲得學(xué)分這件事不足以讓“我”興奮(excited)，但是關(guān)于這門課程老師的消息對我卻有足夠的吸引力，故43空選A。依據(jù)45題空白前的aninternationalgrandmaster可知他是一位國際大師，這意味著我將師從最佳國際象棋選手之一，故46題選C。技法二利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題[解題技法分述]完形填空的文章雖短，但卻是一個意義完整、上下關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇，所探討的是同一個主題，所以行文中的替代現(xiàn)象和詞語重復(fù)是不行避開的。詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)是指某一詞以原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、概括詞等出現(xiàn)在語篇中，句子通過這種復(fù)現(xiàn)得到了相互連接。完形填空的某個空白處的答案可能就是上下文復(fù)現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞，據(jù)此可快速找出正確答案。[經(jīng)典案例分析](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)31youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32.toughforaloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe33ofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto34.collectrainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.31．A.Decorating B．ObservingC．Watering D．Guarding33．A.back B．topC．foot D．side[思維路徑]依據(jù)本段的最終一句“水會滴落在下面的植物上”可知，在干燥的季節(jié)給小樹澆水是很難的，31空就是water的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，只不過此處用作動詞，意為“澆水”，故選C；再依據(jù)本段的最終一句可知，既然水是落在下面的植物上，那么竹子做的平臺應(yīng)當(dāng)在小樹的上面，33空應(yīng)是below的反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B。(2024·北京卷)TinaStern17.receivedridesfromWilsonforallherfouryearsincollege,andthetripsmeantmuchmoretoherthanjustfree18.“It'snotjustaride;you'renotjustsittingtherein19.awkwardsilenceorwithyourheadphoneson，”Sternsaid.“Heasksyouquestionsandactually20.rememberstheanswers,sothenexttimeyouridewithhim,he'll21．checkonthosethings.”Wilsonfirstworkedasadriverthroughastudent-supportprogrammeofthenon-profitorganisation,OnPointforCollege.Althoughthe22asksthemembersonlytodrivestudentstoandfromtheirclasses,Wilsonoftengoes23.beyondtoensurethewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.18．A.transportation B．styleC．time D．communication22．A.club B．leagueC．college D．programme[思維路徑]我們可以發(fā)覺，18題空白所填的詞與17題空白后面的rides以及18題空白后面的ride和18題選項中的transportation屬于詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A。22題前面astudent-supportprogramme與22題選項中的programme也是詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，題意為“此項目(programme)要求成員只是供應(yīng)搭載服務(wù)”，故22題選D。(2024·天津卷)Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)17.experiencemanyyearsago.Itookthehead18jobataschoolinBaxley，Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschool'soldteamtoplayagainstthe19teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach，andtheydidn'tevenpracticeto20.prepareforthegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam，IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin，buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.18．A.operating B．editingC．consulting D．coaching19．A.successful B．excellentC．strong D．new[思維路徑]依據(jù)文章的最終一句話中的Beingthecoachofthenewteam可知，我擔(dān)當(dāng)新隊的教練，從事主教練工作，18題選項中的coaching與后文中的coach屬于詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)，故18題選D。依據(jù)19題空白前的old可知，老隊和新隊進(jìn)行一場競賽是一種傳統(tǒng)，依據(jù)old的反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)可鎖定19題選D，后面old和new的再次復(fù)現(xiàn)更加印證了答案。技法三利用習(xí)慣搭配解題[解題技法分述]完形填空常常在文章中考查詞語的習(xí)慣搭配，主要考查動詞與名詞、代詞之間，動詞、名詞、形容詞與介詞之間的搭配。熟識并駕馭固定搭配是解題的重要手段。[經(jīng)典案例分析](2024·天津卷)Theideaiscatchingon29.Therearenowover40chatbenchesthroughoutEngland.MorenewchatbencheshavesprungupacrosstheUKandbeyond.Allwhoparticipatedhavegaineda(n)30.positiveoutcomefromgettinginvolved.Jones'ideahasbeenfully31．realized—the“HAPPYTOCHAT”bencheshelp32theinvisiblesocialbarrierthatkeepspeoplefromsayinghello.29．A.randomly B．slowlyC．quickly D．purposefully32．A.breakdown B．putupC．keepoff D．takeout[思維路徑]依據(jù)29空后的兩個句子可知，現(xiàn)在英國有40把閑聊長椅，sprungup(涌現(xiàn))表示增長得特別快，那么這種理念很快就流行起來(catchonquickly)，故29空選C。依據(jù)閑聊長椅的主動作用可知，“歡樂閑聊”幫助人們打破阻礙人們打招呼的無形的社會障礙，breakupthebarrier意為“打破障礙”，故32空選A。(2024·北京卷)Formanystudent