2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末真題分類匯編-教師版-專題05 閱讀理解之說明文

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末真題分類匯編-教師版——專題05閱讀理解之說明文（一）（23-24高一上·江蘇常州·期末）RidleyScott’sfamouswarfilm“Napoleon(拿破侖)”isaseriesofsuccessfulbattleslookingforabettermovietoconnectthem.Onceagain,Scott’scraftsmanship(技藝)isonshowhere,butit’sinserviceofadeeplyshallowscreenplay.Agreatactorisreducedtoaghostlypresenceinthemiddleofthemovie,andhispartner,thecharacterwhoneedstogivethefilmabeatingheart,comesoffasflatandhollow.Oneoftheproblemsisthatthefilmscripttriestoputalotoflifeintotherunningtimeofasinglefilm.Naturally,itopensduringtheFrenchRevolution,asNapoleonclimbsupthepoliticalladderofFrancewithhiswartalentsaboveallelse.AnotherpartoftheproblemisthatKirby,theleadingactressneverreallyunderstandswhattoplaywithJosephine,amysteriouscelebrity(名人)whobecomestoomuchofamirrorforNapoleon.Shecouldn’tgiveNapoleonason,whichresultedintheirbreak-up.WasNapoleonthekindofworldleaderwhoseownunsafetyresultedinkillingswehaveseeninhistory?That’shereinafewplaces,butScottisuninterestedinmakinganysortofstatementaboutNapoleonormenlikehim.Averyjust-the-factsapproachof“Napoleon”isincrediblydisappointingforafilmmakerwhousuallyfindssomuchdepthinthestorieshetells.Worstofall,bythetime“Napoleon”getstoWaterloo,wedon’tknowmuchmoreaboutthemaincharacterthanwedidwhenwecamein.That’saproblem.Havingsaidthat,thewonderfulwarscenesin“Napoleon”maybeenoughtoproveitsexistenceforfansofhistoricalwarfilms.Whetheritsbloodiedbodiesbreakingthroughiceorwavesofsoldiersrushingintobattle,“Napoleon”hassomefantasticbattlescenes.MaybethepointisthatNapoleonBonapartewasonlytrulyalivewhensurroundedbysomuchdeath.1．Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedword“hollow”inParagraph1?A．Solid. B．Deep. C．Empty. D．Smooth.2．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2to4?A．ThefilmsuccessfullycoversNapoleon’swholelife.B．KirbyhasagoodunderstandingofhowtoplayJosephine.C．Peoplecouldn’tknowNapoleonbetterthroughthisfilm.D．Therearesomeoutstandingfeaturesof“Napoleon”.3．WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A．Thesuccessfulbattlescenesin“Napoleon”.B．TheachievementsofNapoleonBonaparte.C．ThewarsNapoleonBonapartefightingin.D．ThereasonforNapoleonBonaparte’saliveness.4．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anewsreport. B．Afilmreview.C．Ahistoricaldocument. D．Asciencefiction.【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了RidleyScott的電影《拿破侖》所存在的一些問題。1．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Agreatactorisreducedtoaghostlypresenceinthemiddleofthemovie,andhispartner,thecharacterwhoneedstogivethefilmabeatingheart,comesoffasflatandhollow.(一個偉大的演員在電影中間變成了幽靈般的存在，而他的搭檔，那個需要給電影注入活力的角色，卻表現(xiàn)得平淡無奇和hollow)”可知，電影中演員的表現(xiàn)不盡如人意，那個需要給給電影注入活力的角色顯得平淡而空洞，推測劃線詞hollow的意思是“空洞的，空的”，和empty意思相近，故選C。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Worstofall,bythetime“Napoleon”getstoWaterloo,wedon’tknowmuchmoreaboutthemaincharacterthanwedidwhenwecamein.That’saproblem.(最糟糕的是，當(dāng)“拿破侖”到達(dá)滑鐵盧時，我們對主角的了解并不比我們剛進(jìn)來時多多少。這是個問題)”可知，人們看完電影后，對拿破侖的了解沒有增加多少，即人們不能通過這部電影更好地了解拿破侖，故選C。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Havingsaidthat,thewonderfulwarscenesin“Napoleon”maybeenoughtoproveitsexistenceforfansofhistoricalwarfilms.Whetheritsbloodiedbodiesbreakingthroughiceorwavesofsoldiersrushingintobattle,“Napoleon”hassomefantasticbattlescenes.(話雖如此，《拿破侖》中精彩的戰(zhàn)爭場面可能足以證明它的存在，對于歷史戰(zhàn)爭片的粉絲來說。無論是破冰的血淋淋的尸體，還是沖進(jìn)戰(zhàn)場的士兵，《拿破侖》都有一些奇妙的戰(zhàn)斗場景)”可知，第五段主要講的是《拿破侖》中成功的戰(zhàn)斗場面。故選A。4．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“RidleyScott’sfamouswarfilm“Napoleon(拿破侖)”isaseriesofsuccessfulbattleslookingforabettermovietoconnectthem.(RidleyScott的著名戰(zhàn)爭片《拿破侖》講述了一系列成功的戰(zhàn)役，尋找一部更好的電影來連接它們)”可知，本文主要介紹的是《拿破侖》這部電影所存在的一些問題，因此這篇文章是影評，即afilmreview。故選B。（二）（23-24高一上·江蘇南通·期末）Fidgettoyshavebeengoingviralrecently,arousingsafetyconcernsamongparentsandthewholesociety.Tobetterprotectthephysicalandmentalhealthofyoungstudents,theMinistryofEducationrecentlyissuedanotice,aimingtopreventfidgettoysfrompresentingarisktothehealthoftheyoungergenerations.Fidgettoysincludeinhalernasalsticksandradishknives,whicharepopularasstress-relieversamongstudents.The“EnergyStick,”orinhalernasalstick,hasbeensellingwellonlinerecentlyonplatformssuchasTaobao.Someonlineshopshavealreadysoldnearly100,000sticks,whosepricesrangefrom6yuantoapproximately128yuan.Theproductcontainswatermelon,teaandorangeflavorsandevenalcoholtoattractmorecustomers.Theonlinestoresalespersonrespondedbystatingthatthemainingredientsoftheproductarecamphorandmint(薄荷),whichdonotcontainanyaddictiveproperties.Meanwhile,ZhaoTing,amedicalexpert,toldtheGlobalTimesthatsomechildrenarelikelytogetaddictedtothe“EnergyStick.”Thecolorfulplastictoyknife,aradishknife,nicknamed“CarrotKnife,”hasalsoskyrocketedanastonishingsellingonline.“AfterherclassmatehadboughtaCarrotKnifeandsaiditwasafuntoytouse,mydaughteralsoboughtone,whichmakesmeanxious.”Julian,afatherfromBeijingtoldtheGlobalTimesonSaturday.Someofradishknivesaresosmallthattheycanbegrippedinthepalmofachild’shandwhileothersareaslongasonemeter.Therearevariouswaysofplayingwiththeradishknife,withsomemimic(模擬)attackatfriendsaspartofagame,accordingtomediareports.Expertswarnedthatsuchtoyscouldencourageviolenceandcauselong-termmentalharmtochildren.Tochangethissituation,thegovernmentstressedtheimportanceonmaintainingstrictmanagement,andstoppingharmfultoysintocampus.Schoolsshouldorganizesafetypromotionactivitiestoteachstudentstocorrectlyidentifyandkeepawayfromdangerousandharmfultoys.Also,parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentoplaywithtoyssafelyandcorrectly.5．Whyhavefidgettoysbecomepopularrecently?A．Theyarebeneficialtoyoungstudents’well-being.B．Theycanhelptoreduceyoungstudents’pressure.C．Youngstudentsareallowedtousethematschools.D．Youngstudentscanaffordthematasuitableprice.6．Whatmayhelpthe“EnergyStick”attractyoungstudents?A．Itshighvalue. B．Itsplentifulnutrition. C．Itsrichcontents. D．Itseffectivesales.7．WhatdoesJulianreallywanttosayaboutthe“CarrotKnife”?A．Itbringshisdaughteralotofjoy. B．Itmightdoharmtohisdaughter.C．Ithasnoeffectonhisdaughter. D．Ithelpshisdaughterrealizeherdream.8．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Differentresponsesmadetofidgettoys. B．Greatimportanceattachedtofidgettoys.C．Practicalmeasuresdealingwithfidgettoys. D．Potentialdangersbroughtaboutbyfidgettoys.【答案】5．B6．C7．B8．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了指尖玩具最近變得流行起來，這是因為這種玩具可以幫助減輕年輕學(xué)生的壓力。但是其中也存在安全隱患。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Fidgettoysincludeinhalernasalsticksandradishknives,whicharepopularasstress-relieversamongstudents.(指尖玩具包括吸入器鼻棒和蘿卜刀，這些都是受學(xué)生歡迎的減壓工具)”可知，指尖玩具最近變得流行起來因為可以幫助減輕年輕學(xué)生的壓力。故選B。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theproductcontainswatermelon,teaandorangeflavorsandevenalcoholtoattractmorecustomers.(為了吸引更多的顧客，該產(chǎn)品含有西瓜、茶和橙子的口味，甚至還有酒精)”可知，口味豐富可以幫助“能量棒”吸引年輕學(xué)生。故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““AfterherclassmatehadboughtaCarrotKnifeandsaiditwasafuntoytouse,mydaughteralsoboughtone,whichmakesmeanxious.”Julian,afatherfromBeijingtoldtheGlobalTimesonSaturday.Someofradishknivesaresosmallthattheycanbegrippedinthepalmofachild’shandwhileothersareaslongasonemeter.Therearevariouswaysofplayingwiththeradishknife,withsomemimic(模擬)attackatfriendsaspartofagame,accordingtomediareports.(“她的同學(xué)買了一把胡蘿卜刀，說這是一個有趣的玩具，我女兒也買了一把，這讓我很焦慮?！敝芰?，來自北京的一位父親朱利安告訴《環(huán)球時報》。一些蘿卜刀非常小，可以用孩子的手掌抓住，而另一些則長達(dá)一米。據(jù)媒體報道，這把蘿卜刀有各種各樣的玩法，有些人還會模仿攻擊朋友作為游戲的一部分)”可知，朱利安認(rèn)為“胡蘿卜刀”可能會傷害他的女兒。故選B。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Expertswarnedthatsuchtoyscouldencourageviolenceandcauselong-termmentalharmtochildren.Tochangethissituation,thegovernmentstressedtheimportanceonmaintainingstrictmanagement,andstoppingharmfultoysintocampus.Schoolsshouldorganizesafetypromotionactivitiestoteachstudentstocorrectlyidentifyandkeepawayfromdangerousandharmfultoys.Also,parentsshouldteachtheirchildrentoplaywithtoyssafelyandcorrectly.(專家警告說，這些玩具可能會鼓勵暴力，并對兒童造成長期的精神傷害。為了改變這種情況，政府強(qiáng)調(diào)了保持嚴(yán)格管理的重要性，并阻止有害玩具進(jìn)入校園。學(xué)校應(yīng)組織安全宣傳活動，教導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確識別和遠(yuǎn)離危險有害玩具。此外，父母應(yīng)該教孩子安全、正確地玩玩具)”可知，最后一段主要講處理指尖玩具的實(shí)際措施。故選C。（三）（23-24高一上·江蘇揚(yáng)州·期末）Thebrainmightbetheplacewherememoriesarestored,anditshealthandefficiencydependalotonthegeneralhealthofthebody.Putsimply,what’sgoodforthebodyisgoodforthebrain.Regularphysicalexercisedoesn’tjustbuildmusclesandkeepweightincheck.Italsoprotectsmemoryandthinkingskills.ResearchattheUniversityofBritishColumbiafoundthatregularaerobicexercise,thekindthatincreasesyourheartrate,alsoincreasesthesizeofthebrain’shippocampus(海馬體).AndaUniversityofMarylandstudyfoundthatmemoryimprovedinolderadultsaftera12-weekexerciseprogram.Ifyou’renotintorunningorevenfastwalking,howaboutdancing?Itturnsoutthattakingadanceclassmaybeoneofthebestactivitiesyoucandoforyourbrain.AresearchteamattheAlbertEinsteinSchoolofMedicinelookedattheeffectsofphysicalactivityonpreventingmemoryloss,andfoundthatballroomdancingwasparticularlyeffective,leadingtoenhancementsinmemory,attentionandfocus.“Dancingcombinesphysicalactivity,learningsomethingnew,andsocialengagement,”saysDr.Salinas,aneurologistatNYULangoneHealth.“Themoreofthesefactorsanactivityhas,thebetteroffyouwillbe.”Sleepisalsoimportantformemoryformation,especiallylong-termmemoryformation.Whenyou’reasleep,thebrainrunsthetapeofwhatitrecordedduringtheday,getsridofinformationthatisn’trelevantandthenstoresotherinformationforthelongterm.Besides,doingthosementallyengagingactivities,suchasplayingcrosswordpuzzles,canalsohelpkeepourmindsactive.Learninganewlanguageisoftenregardedasanidealactivityforbrainhealth.“Doingsomethingnewandchallengingcontributestoformingnewpathwaysinthebrain,helpinginformationgofromonepartofthebraintoanother,”saysDr.Salinas.Whilegenetics(基因?qū)W)andfamilyhistoryplaysomerolesintheriskofmemoryproblems,sodoplentyofotherfactors.Addressinganyofthesemaymakeyourmemorysharper.9．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?(①—Paragraph1;②—Paragraph2;③—Paragraph3;④—Paragraph4;⑤—Paragraph5;⑥—paragraph6;⑦—Paragraph7)A． B．C． D．10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhancements”inParagraph3mean?A．Improvements. B．Effects. C．Troubles. D．Skills.11．WhydoestheauthormentionDr.Salinas’wordsinParagraph4?A．Toexplainwhydancingisoneofthebestactivitiesforbrain.B．Toshowwhichactivityislikelytobringusthemostbenefits.C．Tosuggestthatweshoulddanceinsteadofdoingotherexercise.D．Toconcludethatthemoreactivitieswedo,thehealthierwewillbe.12．Whyislearninganewlanguageregardedasanidealactivityforbrainhealth?A．Becauseithelpsstoreinformation. B．Becauseitisnotverychallenging.C．Becauseitmakesuseofpathways. D．Becauseitkeepsourmindsactive.【答案】9．C10．A11．A12．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了對大腦有好處的一些活動。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，第一段中“Putsimply,what’sgoodforthebodyisgoodforthebrain.(簡而言之，對身體有益的東西對大腦也有益)”提出文章主題，第二、三和四段都是描述體育鍛煉對大腦的好處，第二段中“Regularphysicalexercisedoesn’tjustbuildmusclesandkeepweightincheck.(定期的體育鍛煉不僅僅是鍛煉肌肉和控制體重)”為主旨句，第三段和第四段以跳舞舉例說明，根據(jù)第五段中“Sleepisalsoimportantformemoryformation,especiallylong-termmemoryformation.(睡眠對記憶的形成也很重要，尤其是長期記憶的形成)”可知，該段是講述睡眠對大腦的好處，根據(jù)第六段中“Besides,doingthosementallyengagingactivities,suchasplayingcrosswordpuzzles,canalsohelpkeepourmindsactive.(此外，做一些腦力活動，比如玩填字游戲，也可以幫助我們保持思維活躍)”可知，該段是講述做一些腦力活動對大腦的好處，最后一段總結(jié)全文，故本文正確的結(jié)構(gòu)是C項。故選C。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“AresearchteamattheAlbertEinsteinSchoolofMedicinelookedattheeffectsofphysicalactivityonpreventingmemoryloss,andfoundthatballroomdancingwasparticularlyeffective(阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦醫(yī)學(xué)院的一個研究小組研究了體育活動對預(yù)防記憶喪失的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)交際舞特別有效)”可知，交際舞對于預(yù)防記憶喪失有效，由此推知此處指“可以增強(qiáng)記憶力、注意力和專注力”，enhancements意為“增強(qiáng)，提高”，故選A。11．推理判斷題。第三段中“Itturnsoutthattakingadanceclassmaybeoneofthebestactivitiesyoucandoforyourbrain.(事實(shí)證明，參加舞蹈課可能是你能做的對大腦最好的活動之一)”提到，跳舞對大腦有好處，根據(jù)第四段“‘Dancingcombinesphysicalactivity,learningsomethingnew,andsocialengagement,’saysDr.Salinas,aneurologistatNYULangoneHealth.‘Themoreofthesefactorsanactivityhas,thebetteroffyouwillbe.’(‘跳舞結(jié)合了身體活動、學(xué)習(xí)新事物和社會參與，’紐約大學(xué)朗格尼健康中心的神經(jīng)學(xué)家Salinas博士說?！豁椈顒影倪@些因素越多，你就會越好。’)”可知，作者提及Salinas說的話是為了解釋跳舞對大腦有好處的原因，故選A。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Besides,doingthosementallyengagingactivities,suchasplayingcrosswordpuzzles,canalsohelpkeepourmindsactive.Learninganewlanguageisoftenregardedasanidealactivityforbrainhealth.(此外，做一些腦力活動，比如玩填字游戲，也可以幫助我們保持思維活躍。學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言通常被認(rèn)為是有益于大腦健康的理想活動)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言被認(rèn)為是有益于大腦健康的理想活動，是因為它讓我們的思維保持活躍，故選D。（四）（23-24高一上·江蘇連云港·期末）Ourfutureselvesusedtobeariddle.Now,thankstosocialmediafilters(濾鏡),wecanstarethemrightintheface.PeoplefellinlovewithTikTokthismonthtosharethemselves“aging”inrealtimeusingafilter“timetravel”.Settoasadsong,theeffectshowstheuser’sfaceslowlygettingolder,completewithwrinkles(皺紋)andsunspots.Camerafiltersthatageyouhavebeenaroundforyears.ButadvancementsinAIaremakingtheresultsmorereal.DoctorAleksandraBrownsaidtheTikToktimetravelfilterdoeswellinguessinghowagivenfacewouldage.Aswegetolder,ourfacialskinthins,fatdissolves(溶解)andgravitypullseverythingdownward.Noteveryoneispleasedaboutthis.OneofBrown’sfriendsdidn’tlikewatchingtimeflypast.Shecouldn’tstandwatchingherselfage50yearsin15seconds-couldlifereallygobythatfast?Browncriedherselfafterusingtheagingeffectonherownyoungdaughter.Shewon’tlivetoseeherdaughtergetthatold,shepointedout.Forotherpeople,thetimetravelfilterbroughtupunexpectedpositivefeelings.ActorJonathanBennettsharedavideosayinghisownfilteredfacerecalledhappymemoriesofhislatefather.NicoleLoehle,a24-year-oldinNewJersey,testedtheeffectwithherboyfriend.Itgaveheranewviewpoint,shesaid,shecouldimaginetherelationshiplastingintotheiroldage.There’snocorrectwaytoage.Butit’simportanttorememberthatnoonecanstoptimeorundoitseffects.“Ikeeptryingtoviewagingasagift.”Brownsaid,“Somepeopledon’tgettoage,unfortunately?”13．Whatcanpeopledowiththefilter“timetravel”?A．Findtheirpartners. B．Seetheiragingfaces.C．Experienceothers’lives. D．Guesstheirfuturesuccess.14．WhatareParagraph3andParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Remindersofthegoodolddays. B．Reasonsforusingtheagingeffect.C．Reflectionsonclosepersonalrelationships. D．Responsestotheagingeffectof“timetravel”.15．WhichofthefollowingwouldBrownprobablyagreewith?A．It’sgoodtowatchtimeflypast. B．The“timetravel”needsadvancements.C．Noteveryoneisfortunateenoughtogetold. D．TickTokinventedthefirstappwithagingeffect.16．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TikTok’s“timetravel”:slowlyorquickly B．TikTok’s“timetravel”:backwardorforwardC．TikTok’s“timetravel”:toenjoyortosuffer D．TikTok’s“timetravel”:todeveloportodrop【答案】13．B14．D15．C16．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是通過TikTok的“時間旅行”濾鏡會顯示出人變老的過程，而“時間旅行”濾鏡給人們帶來的感受各不相同。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段中的“PeoplefellinlovewithTikTokthismonthtosharethemselves“aging”inrealtimeusingafilter“timetravel”.Settoasadsong,theeffectshowstheuser’sfaceslowlygettingolder,completewithwrinkles(皺紋)andsunspots.(本月，人們愛上了TikTok，通過“時間旅行”濾鏡實(shí)時分享自己的“衰老”。配上悲傷的歌曲，效果會顯示使用者的臉慢慢變老，布滿皺紋和太陽黑子)”可知，“時間旅行”濾鏡能實(shí)時分享人們“衰老”的過程，使用者能看到臉部面面變老，由此可知，“時間旅行”濾鏡能使人們看到他們衰老的過程。故選B項。14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Noteveryoneispleasedaboutthis.OneofBrown’sfriendsdidn’tlikewatchingtimeflypast.(并非所有人都對此感到高興。布朗的一個朋友不喜歡看著時間飛逝)”可知，并不是所有的人都希望看到時間飛逝，并列舉了Brown的一個朋友對時間飛逝的態(tài)度，結(jié)合第四段中的“Forotherpeople,thetimetravelfilterbroughtupunexpectedpositivefeelings.(對其他人來說，時間旅行濾鏡帶來了意想不到的積極感受)”可知，時間旅行濾鏡會給其他人帶來一些積極的感受，進(jìn)而列舉了演員JonathanBennett和NicoleLoehle對“時間旅行”濾鏡帶來的積極感受，由此可知，第三段和第四段主要介紹的是對“時間旅行”衰老效應(yīng)的不同反應(yīng)。故選D項。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Shecouldn’tstandwatchingherselfage50yearsin15seconds-couldlifereallygobythatfast?Browncriedherselfafterusingtheagingeffectonherownyoungdaughter.Shewon’tlivetoseeherdaughtergetthatold,shepointedout.(她無法忍受看著自己在15秒內(nèi)變老50歲——生活真的過得那么快嗎?Brown在自己的小女兒身上使用了抗衰老效果后，自己都哭了。她指出，她不會活著看到女兒那么老)”可知，Brown無法忍受看著自己變老，她認(rèn)為自己不會活著看到女兒變得那么老，由此可知，Brown認(rèn)為不是每一個人都那么幸運(yùn)地活到變老。故選C項。16．主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“PeoplefellinlovewithTikTokthismonthtosharethemselves“aging”inrealtimeusingafilter“timetravel”.Settoasadsong,theeffectshowstheuser’sfaceslowlygettingolder,completewithwrinkles(皺紋)andsunspots.(本月，人們愛上了TikTok，通過“時間旅行”濾鏡實(shí)時分享自己的“衰老”。配上悲傷的歌曲，效果會顯示使用者的臉慢慢變老，布滿皺紋和太陽黑子)”可知，當(dāng)前人們喜歡上了TikTok上的“時間旅行”濾鏡，它能是人們分享自己“衰老”的過程，看到自己的連載慢慢變老，結(jié)合下文中介紹的不同人對“時間旅行”衰老效應(yīng)的不同反應(yīng)可知，本文主要介紹的是人們對TikTok上的“時間旅行”衰老效應(yīng)的不同反應(yīng)，所以題目“TikTok的“時間旅行”：享受還是受苦”與本段的內(nèi)容吻合，且概括了本文的主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項。（五）（23-24高一上·江蘇揚(yáng)州·期末）In2019,AirCompanygainedpublicattentionwhenitproducedvodka(伏特加)fromcarbonintheair,inordertoreducetheamountoftheharmfulgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.Today,thecompanyhasbegunusingthesameprocesstomakefuel(燃料)forairplanes.AirCompany’scleanaircraftfuel,whichwasrecentlytested,couldsomedayhelptheairlineindustryachieveitsgoalofnetzerocarbonemissions(排放)by2050.Currently,theairlineindustryaccountsforabout3%oftotalglobalcarbonemissionseachyear,andmainlyusestraditional,fossil-basedfuels.Anumberofproducersofcleanaircraftfuelhavecomeoutinrecentyears,manyofwhomusesomethinglikeplantmaterialandcookingoil.ButAirCompany’sproductionprocessstartsbypullingharmfulcarbonemissionsoutoftheair.Thecompanyfirstharvestscarbon,mostlyfromindustrialsettings.Itthentakeswater,separatesthehydrogenfromtheoxygen,andputsthecarbontogetherwiththehydrogenandothermixtures.Afterthat,itdistills(蒸餾)thatsolutiondown.Thefinalproductsareethylalcohol(乙醇)tomakethecompany’svodkaandotherproductssuchasperfume,aswellasparaffin,whichformsthebasisofitsaircraftfuel.BythetimeaplanehasflownusingAirCompany’sfuel,itwillhavegivenoffthesameamountofcarbondioxide(CO2)backintotheatmosphereaswasacquiredtomakethefuel.“Already,someoftheworld’sbiggestairlinesaresupportingAirCompany’sdream.Theyhaveagreedtobuymillionsofgallonsofitsfuelinthecomingyears.”Thecompanymanagersays,“However,togettothoselargeindustrialmarketslikeaircraftfuel,traditionallyknownasthehottestindustrytogetgreen,isalongwaytogo.It’sgoingtotaketime,moneyandeffort.”17．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．AirCompanyisfamousforproducingvodka.B．AirCompanynolongerusestraditionalfuels.C．AirCompany’sfuelislikelytobeenvironmentallyfriendly.D．AirCompanyaccountsfor3%oftotalglobalcarbonemissions.18．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thatsolution”refertoinParagraph4?A．Ethylalcoholformingtheaircraftfuel.B．Hydrogenthatisseparatedfromwater.C．Oxygen,hydrogen,carbonandethylalcohol.D．Mixofcarbon,hydrogenandothermixtures.19．Whatcanbeinferredfromthemanager’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．MajorAirlineshavealreadyputAirCompany’sfuelintouse.B．IttakestimeforAirCompany’sfueltobeusedonregularflights.C．ThefuelproducedbyAirCompanyissuretobeveryexpensive.D．Aircompanyalonewillbeabletooccupytheaircraftfuelmarkets.20．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AirCompany:MakeAirTravelGreenB．AirCompany’sCarbonProductionDreamC．AirCompany’sEnvironmentalSupportersD．AirCompany:MakeTraditionalFuelsAvailable【答案】17．C18．D19．B20．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了AirCompany生產(chǎn)的清潔飛機(jī)燃料。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“In2019,AirCompanygainedpublicattentionwhenitproducedvodka(伏特加)fromcarbonintheair,inordertoreducetheamountoftheharmfulgreenhousegasintheatmosphere.Today,thecompanyhasbegunusingthesameprocesstomakefuel(燃料)forairplanes.(2019年，為了減少大氣中有害溫室氣體的含量，AirCompany利用空氣中的碳生產(chǎn)伏特加，引起了公眾的關(guān)注。今天，該公司已經(jīng)開始使用相同的工藝來制造飛機(jī)燃料)”和第二段中“AirCompany’scleanaircraftfuel,whichwasrecentlytested,couldsomedayhelptheairlineindustryachieveitsgoalofnetzerocarbonemissions(排放)by2050.(AirCompany的清潔飛機(jī)燃料最近經(jīng)過測試，有朝一日可能幫助航空業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零碳排放的目標(biāo))”可知，AirCompany使用空氣中的碳生產(chǎn)飛機(jī)燃料，該燃料經(jīng)過測試，有朝一日可能幫助航空業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零碳排放的目標(biāo)。由此可知，AirCompany的燃料很可能是環(huán)保的。故選C。18．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Itthentakeswater,separatesthehydrogenfromtheoxygen,andputsthecarbontogetherwiththehydrogenandothermixtures.Afterthat,itdistills(蒸餾)thatsolutiondown.(然后它吸收水，將氫和氧分離，將碳和氫以及其他混合物放在一起。之后，它將該溶液蒸餾出來)”可知，“溶液”指的是上文提到的“碳和氫以及其他混合物的混合溶液”。故選D。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,togettothoselargeindustrialmarketslikeaircraftfuel,traditionallyknownasthehottestindustrytogetgreen,isalongwaytogo.It’sgoingtotaketime,moneyandeffort.(然而，要進(jìn)入像飛機(jī)燃料這樣的大型工業(yè)市場，傳統(tǒng)上被認(rèn)為是最熱門的綠色工業(yè)，還有很長的路要走。這需要時間、金錢和努力)”可推知，AirCompany生產(chǎn)的燃料被運(yùn)用于常規(guī)的航班還需要時間，故選B。20．主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段中“AirCompany’scleanaircraftfuel,whichwasrecentlytested,couldsomedayhelptheairlineindustryachieveitsgoalofnetzerocarbonemissions(排放)by2050.(AirCompany的清潔飛機(jī)燃料最近經(jīng)過測試，有朝一日可能幫助航空業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零碳排放的目標(biāo))”可知，文章主要介紹了AirCompany生產(chǎn)的清潔飛機(jī)燃料。由此可知，A項“AirCompany：使航空旅行變得環(huán)?！睘樽罴褬?biāo)題。故選A。（六）（23-24高一上·江蘇鹽城·期末）TherearelotsofscholarshipprogramsintheUnitedStates,butHopeChicagoisraisingstandards.Throughthehelpoffunding(資助)partners,they’vebeenabletoraise$40millionthatwillgotowardpayingthetuition(學(xué)費(fèi)),room,board,andbooksforthousandsofstudentsinChicago.Howarethesestudentschosen?AlltheyhavetodoisgotooneofthefiveChicagoPublicSchools(CPS)thatarepartneredwiththeorganization.That’sright-everysinglestudentwhoattendsoneofthesefiveschoolsisabletogotooneof20partneringcollegesortradeschoolsatnocost,includingtheUniversityofIllinois.Tohelpencouragestudentstofollowthroughwiththeireducation,eachchildthatjoinsafull-timeprogrammayhaveoneparentcontinuetheireducationforfreeaswell.ThefirstannouncementwasatBenitoJuarezHighSchool.Thestudentsweresosurprisedbythenewsthattheywentalmosttotallysilentandtheheadteacher,JuanCarlosOcon,hadtorepeatwhathesaid.Uponhearingthenewsforthesecondtime,acelebrationbegan.“That’swhenthehallofmorethan500studentsandparentswasfilledwithenergy,hopesanddreams,”Juansaid.“Youcouldseethetearsintheeyesofourstudentsandparents.”EachpersontakingpartinHopeChicagoisdrivenbytheirwishto“reduceeconomicandsocialinequality,”saidPeteKaden’s,oneofHopeChicago’sfounders.HopeChicagohopestobecomeoneofmanylife-changingorganizationstomakegettinganeducationeasier.Inthenexttenyears,theyaimtospend$1biliontosendtensofthousandsofstudentsandfamilymemberstocollegesortradeschools.“Ascholarshipprogramofthissizehasneverbeendonebefore,butwearefocusingonChicago’sfamiliesmostinneed,”Petesaid.“Withthatinmind,ourgoalistoseeHopeChicagopositivelyinfluencethefurthereducationsystemandserveasamodelforthenation.”21．WhocangetscholarshipsfromHopeChicago?A．Students,sufferingfromdiseases. B．Studentslearningincertainschools.C．Studentsgraduatingwithhonors. D．Studentsfromsingle-parenthomes.22．HowdidthestudentsfeelafterJuanrepeatedhiswords?A．Terriblybored. B．Unbearablysad. C．Completelycalm. D．Extremelyhappy.23．WhatisPete’sattitudetowardHopeChicago?A．Thankful. B．Uncaring. C．Hopeful. D．Unclear.24．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Thesestudentsjustgotlife-changingnews. B．Thesescholarshipprogramsmeantsomuch.C．Parentsplayabigroleineducatingchildren. D．Socialinequalityexistsinmoderneducation.【答案】21．B22．D23．C24．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了HopeChicago獎學(xué)金項目正在提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，該項目將為在五所芝加哥公立學(xué)校（CPS）中的一所就讀的學(xué)生提供獎學(xué)金。在資金合作伙伴的幫助下，他們已經(jīng)籌集了4000萬美元，用于支付芝加哥數(shù)千名學(xué)生的學(xué)費(fèi)、食宿和書本費(fèi)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Howarethesestudentschosen?AlltheyhavetodoisgotooneofthefiveChicagoPublicSchools(CPS)thatarepartneredwiththeorganization.(這些學(xué)生是如何挑選出來的？他們所要做的就是去與該組織合作的五所芝加哥公立學(xué)校（CPS）中的一所)”可知，在某些學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生能獲得HopeChicago的獎學(xué)金。故選B。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五段“Uponhearingthenewsforthesecondtime,acelebrationbegan.(當(dāng)?shù)诙温牭竭@個消息時，慶祝開始了)”和倒數(shù)第四段““That’swhenthehallofmorethan500studentsandparentswasfilledwithenergy,hopesanddreams,”Juansaid.“Youcouldseethetearsintheeyesofourstudentsandparents.”(胡安說：“那時，大廳里的500多名學(xué)生和家長充滿了活力、希望和夢想。你可以看到我們的學(xué)生和家長眼中的淚水?！?”推知，胡安重復(fù)了他的話后，學(xué)生們感到非常高興。故選D。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Ascholarshipprogramofthissizehasneverbeendonebefore,butwearefocusingonChicagosfamiliesmostinneed,”Petesaid.“Withthatinmind,ourgoalistoseeHopeChicagopositivelyinfluencethefurthereducationsystemandserveasamodelforthenation.”(皮特說：“以前從未有過如此規(guī)模的獎學(xué)金項目，但我們的重點(diǎn)是芝加哥最需要幫助的家庭?？紤]到這一點(diǎn)，我們的目標(biāo)是看到HopeChicago對繼續(xù)教育系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生積極影響，并成為全國的典范?！?”可推知，皮特對HopeChicago的態(tài)度是充滿希望的。故選C。24．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TherearelotsofscholarshipprogramsintheUnitedStates,butHopeChicagoisraisingstandards.(美國有很多獎學(xué)金項目，但HopeChicago正在提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”以及第五段“ThefirstannouncementwasatBenitoJuarezHighSchool.Thestudentsweresosurprisedbythenewsthattheywentalmosttotallysilentandtheheadteacher,JuanCarlosOcon,hadtorepeatwhathesaid.(第一次宣布是在貝尼托華雷斯高中。聽到這個消息，學(xué)生們非常驚訝，他們幾乎完全沉默了，校長胡安·卡洛斯·奧康不得不重復(fù)他說過的話)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了HopeChicago獎學(xué)金項目正在提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，該項目將為在五所芝加哥公立學(xué)校（CPS）中的一所就讀的學(xué)生提供獎學(xué)金。在資金合作伙伴的幫助下，他們已經(jīng)籌集了4000萬美元，用于支付芝加哥數(shù)千名學(xué)生的學(xué)費(fèi)、食宿和書本費(fèi)?？芍?，A選項“這些學(xué)生剛剛得到了改變他們一生的消息”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。（七）（23-24高一上·江蘇南通·期末）Ahollow(空洞)halfwayupatreemightseemlikeastrangeplacetolookforawater-lovinganimal,buttheresultsofanewsurveyhaveshowedthatcommontoads(蟾蜍)intheU.K.areskillfultreeclimbers.ThesurprisingdiscoverywasmadebyresearchersfromtheUniversityofCambridge,workingwithFroglife,acharitydevotedtoamphibians(animalssuchasfrogsandtoadsthatdividetheirtimebetweenbeingonlandandinwater).Theteamlookedatreportsfromvolunteerswhowerestudyingspecialnestboxesaspartof