2022高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解暑假精煉(13)及答案(茂名市)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Thedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittookplaceduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Everykidwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldberesponsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.Somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenoneofthebestones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear.DuringthepreviousyearRitahadcarriedouttheteacher’sinstructionsperfectly.AllthechildrenknewRitawouldbegiventhebestjob.Buttherewasabigsurprise.Eachchildreceivedanormaljob.ButRita’sjobwasverydifferent.Shewasgivenalittleboxcontainingsomesandandoneant.Thoughtheteacherinsistedthatthisantwasveryspecial,Ritafeltdisappointed.Mostofherclassmatesfeltsorryforher.EvenherfatherbecameveryangrywiththeteacherandheencouragedRitatopaynoattentiontothisinsignificantpet.However,Ritapreferredtoshowtheteacherhererrorbydoingsomethingspecialwiththatjoboflittleinterest.Ritastartedinvestigatingallaboutherlittleantandgavetheantthebestfood,anditgrewquiteabitbigger.Oneday,aman,wholookedveryimportant,cameintotheirclassroomanddeclared,“Yourclasshasbeenchosentoaccompanyme,thissummer,onajourneytothetropicalrainforest,wherewewillinvestigateallkindsofinsects.Amongalltheschoolsofthisregion,yourclasshasbestcaredforthelittleant.”Thatdaytheschoolwasfilledwithjoyandcelebration.EveryonethankedRitaforhavingbeensopatientandresponsible.Andmanychildrenlearntthattobegiventhemostimportanttaskyouhavetoknowhowtoberesponsibleeveninwhatarethesmallesttasks.26.Whatdidtheteacherbasehisdecisiononwhengivingoutjobstothechildren?A.Theircharactersandinterests.B.Theirclassperformanceduringthepreviousyear.C.Theirworkingperformanceduringthepreviousyear.D.Theirabilityofmanagingtheiraccountsduringthepreviousyear.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear.在分發(fā)任務(wù)的時(shí)候，老師依據(jù)同學(xué)上一年的學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)，故選C。27.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Eachchildgotanimportantjob.B.Eachchildgotaninterestingjob.C.Theperfectstudentgotthejobofeveryone’spreference．D.Themostresponsiblestudentgotthejobofleastinterest.【答案】D【解析】句意理解題。依據(jù)由于上一年Rita表現(xiàn)最好，大家都認(rèn)為老師應(yīng)當(dāng)給她一個(gè)最好的工作，可是有一個(gè)令人吃驚的事情，所以與同學(xué)的想法相反她被給一個(gè)沒(méi)有愛(ài)好的工作，故選D。28.WhatisRita’sattitudetoherfather’ssuggestion?A.Negative.B.Uncertain.C.Totallypositive.D.Acceptive.【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)heencouragedRitatopaynoattentiontothisinsignificantpet.However,Ritapreferredtoshowtheteacherhererrorbydoingsomethingspecialwiththatjoboflittleinterest.她父親鼓舞她不要照看那個(gè)小動(dòng)物，可是Rita卻想做好這個(gè)沒(méi)好玩的工作來(lái)表明自己的老師的錯(cuò)誤打算，故選A。29.Wecaninferthatthemanwhomadethedeclarationisa_________.A.hunterB.directorC.biologistD.principal【答案】C【解析】推理推斷題。依據(jù)Yourclasshasbeenchosentoaccompanyme,thissummer,onajourneytothetropicalrainforest,wherewewillinvestigateallkindsofinsects.Amongalltheschoolsofthisregion,yourclasshasbestcaredforthelittleant.”由于同學(xué)跟隨他去森林爭(zhēng)辯動(dòng)物，所以猜想可能是生物學(xué)家，故選C。30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Nevercomplainaboutlife.B.Smalltaskscanleadtofortunes.C.Menarebestknownbytheirfriends.D.Responsibilityandintelligencebringgoodluck.【答案】B【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)最終一句總結(jié)性的話Andmanychildrenlearntthattobegiventhemostimportanttaskyouhavetoknowhowtoberesponsibleeveninwhatarethesmallesttasks.可知小的工作帶來(lái)好運(yùn)氣，故選B。閱讀理解。Iusuallydoubtaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlesscertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.Whileanyofthesestatementsmightbetrue,theyarepracticallyimpossibletoprovescientifically.Still,1wasstruckbyareportwhichconcludedthattoday’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s.Infact,theanalysisshowed,normalchildrenbetween9and17haveahigherlevelofanxietytodaythanchildrenwhoweretreatedformentalillness50yearsago.WhyareAmerica’skidssostressed?Thereportcitestwomaincauses:increasingphysicalisolation(孤獨(dú))broughtonbyhighdivorceratesandlessinvolvementincommunity,andagrowingperceptionthattheworldisamoredangerousplace.Giventhatwecan’tturntheclockback,adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgenerationtocope.Atthetopofthelist,nurturing(培育)isabetterappreciationofthelimitsofindividualism.Nochildisanisland.Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividualsagainststress.Tohelpkidsbuildstrongerconnectionswithothers,youcanpulltheplugonTVsandcomputers.Yourfamilywillthankyoulater.Theywillthenhavemoretimeforface-to-facerelationships,andtheywillgetmoresleep.Limittheamountofvirtual(虛擬的)violenceyourchildrenareexposedto.It’snotjustvideogamesandmovies;childrenseealotofmurderandcrimeonthelocalnews.Keepyourexpectationsforyourchildrenreasonable.ManyhighlysuccessfulpeopleneverattendedHarvardorYale.Makeexercisepartofyourdailyroutine.Itwillhelpyoudealwithyourownanxietiesandprovideagoodmodelforyourkids.Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable,butitdoesn’thavetoruinyourlife.31.WhatdoestheauthorthinksoftheconclusionthatpeopleinAmericaareunhappierthan50yearsago? A.Surprising B.Confusing C.Illogical D.Questionable【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)surprising令人吃驚的；confusing令人困惑的；illogical不合唱里的； questionable可疑的。Iusuallydoubtaboutanyresearchthatconcludesthatpeopleareeitherhappierorunhappierormoreorlesscertainofthemselvesthantheywere50yearsago.作者對(duì)于調(diào)查結(jié)果持懷疑的態(tài)度，故選D。32.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“wecan’tturntheclockback(Para.3)?A.It’simpossibletoslowdownthepaceofthechange.B.Thesocialrealitychildrenarefacingcannotbechanged.C.Lessonslearnedfromthepastshouldnotbeforgotten.D.It’simpossibletoforgetthepast.【答案】B【解析】句意理解題。依據(jù)adultscanstilldoplentytohelpthenextgenerationtocope.孩子們面臨的社會(huì)不能被轉(zhuǎn)變，故選B。33.Accordingtoananalysis,comparedwithnormalchildrentoday,children50yearsago__________.A.werelessisolatedphysically B.wereprobablylessself-centeredC.probablysufferedlessfromanxiety D.wereconsideredlessindividualistic【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)today’schildrenaresignificantlymoreanxiousthanchildreninthe1950s今日的孩子比50年前的孩子壓力大，故選C。34.Whatisthefirstandmostimportantthingparentsshoulddotohelptheirchildren?A.Toprovidethemwithasaferenvironment.B.Tolowertheirexpectationsforthem.C.Togetthemmoreinvolvedsocially.D.Tosetagoodmodelforthemtofollow.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Strengtheningsocialtieshelpsbuildcommunitiesandprotectindividualsagainststress.父母應(yīng)當(dāng)讓孩子多參與社會(huì)活動(dòng)，故選C。35.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?A.Anxiety,thoughalwaysunavoidable,canbecopedwith.B.Children’sanxietyhasbeenenormouslyexaggerated(夸大).C.Children’sanxietycanberemovedwithmoreparentalcare.D.Anxiety,ifproperlycontrolled,mayhelpchildrenbecomemature.【答案】C【解析】推理推斷題。依據(jù)Sometimesanxietyisunavoidable,在父母的關(guān)懷下孩子們的焦慮是可以消退的，故選C。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2022·棗莊高三模擬)MicrosoftfounderBillGateshasopenedupaboutbeingaparent，statingthat13isanappropriateageforachild’sfirstcellphone.The57-year-old，father-of-three，revealedonTheTodayShowthathischildrenJenniferandRorywerenotallowedphonesuntiltheir13thbirthdayandhisyoungestdaughterPhoebeisstillwaitingforone.“We’vechoseninourfamilythatit’s13whereyougetaphone，”theself-madebillionaireexplained.Hesaidasaresulthischildrenoftenreturnhomefromschoolcomplaining，“Alltheotherkidshaveone.I’mtheonlyonewithoutone.It’ssoembarrassing.”Askedifhekeepspasswordstohissonanddaughters’emailandFacebookaccounts，MrGatessaidthathedoesn’tforJennifer,16，whohedescribesas“independent”．Headmittedthatmonitoringonlineactivityis“averytrickyissueforparentsnow”．DespitetheirvastwealthMrandMrsGates，wholiveinLakeMedina，havesaidtheywanttogivetheirchildrenasnormalanupbringingaspossible.Itwaspreviouslyreportedthattheiryoungstershavetocompletehouseholdchoresandaregivenamodestamountofpocketmoney.Andin2010MrGatessaidthatheintendstogivemostofhis$61billionfortuneawayratherthanhanditdown.“Thatwouldn’tbegoodeitherformykidsorsociety，”hesaid.AlsoduringtheTodayinterviewwithhostMattLauer，MrGates，whosteppeddownfromMicrosoftin2008toconcentrateonphilanthropy，saidthathelpingothersgiveshimthesameexcitementascreatingsoftware.“Whatyoureallyfeeliswhatyou’veachieved.Ifapieceofsoftwaregetsoutthereandlotsofpeopleloveit—itletsthemgettheirworkdoneinbetterways—that’sexciting，”heexplained.1．BillGateswillnotlethischildrenownacellphone________.A．untiltheyreachtheageof13B．iftheydon’treallyneedoneC．unlesstheydosomehouseworkD．beforetheybecomeindependent2．WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutBillGates’children?A．Allhischildrennowhavecellphones.B．Phoebehasherowncellphone.C．Theyarenotgivenanypocketmoney.D．JennifercanusetheInternetfreely.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”refertointhetext?A．Beingaparentasabillionaire.B．Handingallhismoneydowntohischildren.C．Allowinghischildrentohavetheirphones.D．Givingawayallhismoneytogoodcauses.4．WhatcanwelearnaboutBillGatesfromthetext?A．Heisawarm-heartedfathertohischildren.B．Hehascreatedalotofsoftwaresince2008.C．HenowdevoteshimselftohelpingothersD．Hecaresmoreaboutmoneythananythingelse.5．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowBillGatesmadehimselfabillionaire.B．HowBillGatesdealswithhismoney.C．HowBillGatesmanagedhisbusiness.D．HowBillGatesbringsuphischildren.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。微軟公司的創(chuàng)始人比爾·蓋茨認(rèn)為：孩子只有到13歲以后才能使用手機(jī)。本文通過(guò)一些類似的例子說(shuō)明白比爾·蓋茨訓(xùn)練孩子的方法。1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，比爾·蓋茨只允許年滿13歲的孩子使用手機(jī)。答案：A2．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可推斷出，比爾·蓋茨不對(duì)Jennifer的郵箱和Facebook賬戶設(shè)置密碼，由于他認(rèn)為年滿16歲的Jennifer已經(jīng)“獨(dú)立”了，即她可以自由地使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。答案：D3．解析：指代推斷題。畫(huà)線詞所在句子意為：那對(duì)我的孩子和整個(gè)社會(huì)都不好。由于that指代上文中提到過(guò)的事，所以依據(jù)上一句“在2010年蓋茨先生說(shuō)他打算把他610億美元的財(cái)產(chǎn)大部分都捐出去而不是留給自己的孩子”可知，此處that指把自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)留給孩子。答案：B4．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“MrGates，whosteppeddownfromMicrosoftin2008toconcentrateonphilanthropy(慈善事業(yè))”可知，比爾·蓋茨現(xiàn)在認(rèn)真于慈善事業(yè)，即掛念別人。答案：C5．解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章通過(guò)介紹比爾·蓋茨給孩子配手機(jī)時(shí)有年齡限制讓孩子做家務(wù)，和他不預(yù)備把全部財(cái)產(chǎn)都留給孩子的例子，說(shuō)明白蓋茨先生想讓自己的孩子像一般家庭的孩子一樣成長(zhǎng)，這些都是比爾·蓋茨訓(xùn)練孩子的方法。答案：D?！旧綎|省泰安市2022第一輪質(zhì)檢試題】Howmanyhoursdoyouspendsittinginachaireveryday?EighthoursintheofficeplusthreehoursinfrontoftheTVafterworkisthenormformanypeople．Youprobablydon’tneedanexperttotellyouthatsittingtoomuchisnotgoodforyourhealth—fromanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandobesityinthelongterm，toreducedcholesterol(膽固醇)maintenanceintheshortterm，nottomentionthestrainonyourneckandspine．Tomakemattersworse，manyresearchesshowagooddietandregularexercisecall’treducethenegativeeffectsofsittingtoomuch．A2010studyofnearly9,000Australiansfoundthatforeachadditionalhouroftelevisionapersonwatchedperday，theriskofdyingroseby11percent．Anotherstudytrackedthehealthof123，000Americansbetween1992and2006．Thedeathrateformenwhospentsixhoursormoreperdaysittingwasabout20percenthigherthanformenwhosatforthreehoursorless．Sowhatcanwedoaboutit?Healthexpertssuggestwebreakupthosemanyhoursspentsittingwithmorehoursspentstanding．TheBBCconductedasimpleexperimentwithagroupof10volunteerswhousuallyspentmostofthedaysitting．Theywereaskedtostandforatleastthreehoursaday．TheresearcherstookmeasurementsOildayswhenthevolunteersstood，andwhentheysataround．Whentheylookedatthedatathereweresome