《金版學(xué)案》2022屆高考英語北師大版一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)：語言朋友(88)-

語言伴侶(88)閱讀理解ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears，PolynesianpeoplelivedintheremoteislandofNauru，farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFeamin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1，400to900.Nauru'srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸鹽)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichwasaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem－theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433，600，000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.解題導(dǎo)語：瑙魯曾經(jīng)是一個秀麗的地方，但由于人們無節(jié)制地開采磷酸鹽，它可能永久不能再恢復(fù)原來的生態(tài)了。1．Whatmightbetheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．ToseekhelpforNauru'sproblems.B．Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.C．Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D．Togiveawarningtoothercountries.解析：寫作意圖題。依據(jù)第一段“Nauru'sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence－othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.”可知選D。答案：D2．WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A．Peacefulandattractive.B．Modernandopen.C．Richandpowerful.D．Greedyandaggressive.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.”可知選A。答案：A3．TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom________.A．soilpollutionB．phosphateoverminingC．farmingactivityD．whalehunting解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.”可知選B。答案：B4．WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru'sfinancialproblem?A．Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.B．Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C．Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.D．Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.”可知選C。答案：C5．WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A．Theleaderswilltaketheexperts'wordsseriously.B．Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.C．TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D．Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433，600，000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.”可知選B。答案：B短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一條橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Marywasanuniversitystudent.Shedidn'thavemuchmoneyandherparentswerenotrich,andshehadanunclewhohadbeenfortunatelyenoughtocollectgreatwealth.HealwaysgivehervaluableChristmasandbirthdaypresents.Whenheruncle'sbirthdaycameround,Marywantedbuyhimsomethingreallyspecial,butbecauseshewasrich,shedidnotknowhowtogethim.Shewentintothebestshopinhertownandexplainedwhatherproblemwastooneofhelpfulshopassistant.Finallysheasked,“Whatdoyouhaveforsomeonewhohasalreadygoteverythinghewantsorneeds.”Theassistantsigheddeepandanswered,“Envy,onlyenvy.”答案：Marywaseq\f(an,a)universitystudent.Shedidn'thavemuchmoneyandherparentswerenotrich,eq\f(and,but)shehadanunclewhohadbeeneq\f(fortunately,fortunate)enoughtocollectgreatwealth.Healwayseq\f(give,gave)hervaluableChristmasandbirthdaypresents.Whenheruncle'sbirthdaycameround,Marywantedbuyhimsomethingreallyspecial,butbecauseeq\f(she,he)wasrich,shedidnotknoweq\f(how,what)togethim.Shewentintothebest