天津市南開區(qū)2024屆高三下學期質量檢測（一）（一模）英語試題

天津市南開區(qū)2024屆高三下學期質量檢測（一）（一模）英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五總分評分一、第一部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）1．—Whydon'twegotoamovie?—____A．I'mgame. B．What'sup?C．Whatarelief! D．Ireallyenvyyou.2．Hateandangerarefeltonlyforthose____wecaredeeply.A．forwhich B．withwhich C．forwhom D．withwhom3．Heusuallydressesformallyforworkreasons,butwhenhecomeshome,hedresses____.A．naturally B．economically C．casually D．seriously4．Theresultsareentirely____withourearlierresearch.A．artificial B．consistent C．decent D．humble5．Whenshewentoutsideshewastemporarily____bythesun.A．blinded B．threatened C．opposed D．interpreted6．She____thattheglasswouldbreakwhileopeningthewindow.A．hasfrightened B．wasfrightenedC．frightened D．hadfrightened7．Moreoftenthannot,itiseasiertomakeaplanthanto____aplan.A．comeout B．carryout C．giveout D．workout8．ItseemedthatJimhadbecome____hisparentshadwantedhimtobe.A．whether B．where C．what D．when9．Kathyreachedthecompanyoutofbreathonly____shewasfired.A．told B．tobetold C．beingtold D．havingtold10．Ican'tgotothepartytonight,____Ihavetoworklate.A．eventhough B．asif C．inthat D．eversince11．Tom,alongwithhisassistants,____ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A．work B．havebeenworkingC．isworking D．areworking12．—Todayismy30thweddinganniversarywithPhilip.—Oh,____!A．cheerup B．congratulationsC．goahead D．welldone13．TikTok,knownasDouyininChina,isamobileapp____userstocreate,shareandwatchshortvideos.A．havingallowed B．allowingC．allowed D．tobeallowed14．Iknowhewaswrong,butI____tellhimbecauseheneverlistens.A．mustn't B．daren't C．needn't D．oughtn't15．First,weneedtobuildupadetailed____ofourcustomersandtheirrequirements.A．phase B．profile C．tendency D．distribution二、第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16~35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Eighty-year-oldretiredtailor,JamesMcKay,spentSaturdaynightinprisonafterhitting30-year-oldKeithSmithovertheheadwithhiswalkingstick.McKay'swife,Laurenesaidthat,whileMcKayisusuallya（n）16．andpleasantperson,hehadbeendriventothisactof17．byliterallygettingwetjustoncetoooften.Hecouldnolonger18．it.SmithlivesabovetheMcKays.Heisa（n）19．gardener,andalsoafishcollector.Unfortunately,thewaterhe20．overhisbalcony（平臺）everydayendedupontheMcKay'sfloor,ortoooften,ontheunsuspectingMcKaysthemselves."Forthelasttwoweeks,sinceSmithmovedintotheflataboveus,wedarednotgoontoour21．,"saidLaurene.Sheaddedthatitwasn'tonlythewater22．theirbalconyfromSmithwateringhisplantsthat23．them,butalsothewayhecleanedhisfish24．."We'dbesittingtherehappilyreadingournewspapers,whensuddenlysomuchwaterwouldcomefromabovethatwe'dbeaswetasifwehad25．withourclotheson!Wecouldhardly26．thesmelloffish!"AndonSaturdayeveningitwasjusttoo27．,"ItwasJames'birthday,"Laurenerecalled,"anditwassuchabeautifulnighttoenjoythestarrynight28．.Imadehimabirthdaycake.Thecandleswereagreatsightasyoucan29．,butJamesdidn'tgettoblowthemout."Instead,Smith30．oneofhislargertanksoverhisbalconyandboththeMcKaysandthecakewerewetthrough."IhaveneverseenhimmovesofastandIcouldn'tstophim.Hewasupthereina（n）31．."Smithisnotgoingtotakethingsfurtherwiththepolice.Hehasalso32．tochangehiswaysfromnowon.AndwhatofJamesMcKay?Asheleftthe33．station,alargecrowdofsupporterssanghim"HappyBirthday"."Definitelythemostexcitingbirthdayever!"saidthe34．oldman."Thebestsincemy35．,I'dsay!"16．A．aggressive B．peacefulC．bad-tempered D．rude17．A．celebration B．violence C．neighborhood D．brotherhood18．A．honor B．appreciate C．support D．tolerate19．A．keen B．independent C．selfless D．careful20．A．drank B．cleaned C．bought D．sent21．A．floor B．balcony C．flat D．garden22．A．comingacross B．hangingonC．fallingonto D．droppingout23．A．valued B．risked C．bothered D．encouraged24．A．skins B．dishes C．meat D．tanks25．A．showered B．boiled C．fried D．dreamed26．A．makeuseof B．makeroomforC．getdownto D．getridof27．A．much B．late C．hard D．early28．A．upstairs B．outside C．downstairs D．inside29．A．see B．imagine C．name D．afford30．A．sacrificed B．handed C．emptied D．delivered31．A．flash B．jump C．way D．hour32．A．promised B．refused C．declined D．admitted33．A．railway B．gas C．police D．power34．A．embarrassed B．depressed C．annoyed D．cheerful35．A．mind B．youth C．return D．arrest三、第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題；每小2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀理解Mostpeopleassumethatthehumanbrainisseton"automatic"—thatmeansitlearnsallbyitself.Butthisisn'talwaystrue.Weneedtotrainourselvestobebetterlearners—toactivelytakepartinthelearningprocessandtoreflectonwhatwehavelearnt.Thesekindsoflearningbehavioursarecalled"activelearning".Isuggestdoingfourthingstotakeanactiveroleinyourlearning.ListentotheoutervoiceTherearetwokindsofvoices:theinnervoiceandtheoutervoice.Yourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions,whiletheoutervoicetellsyouaboutopinionsfromwhatyouhearorread.Althoughyourinnervoicecanbeuseful,itcanalsogetinthewayoflearning.Ifyoukeeppayingtoomuchattentiontoit,youriskmissingimportantinformation.Instead,activelearnersareopen-mindedandfocusonwhatthespeaker/writeissaying,notonwhattheirbrainissayinginthebackground.Inthisway,theyareinabetterpositiontomakedecisions.AskquestionsAskingquestionsistheeasiestwaytopromoteactivelearning.Whenyougetinformationfromsomeone,frombooksortheInternet,asktwo,three,evenfivequestionaboutthetopic.Theanswerswillleadyoutofurtherlearning,andtheveryactofworkingoutquestionswillhelpyoutoachieveahigherlevelofunderstandingaboutthetopic.Inshort:Donotstopbeingcurious.GettothetruthActivelearnersdonotaccepteverythingtheylearn.Theyattempttofindthetruthattheheartofeachidea.Evenwhenanideasoundsentirelyunlikely,theremaybeanaspectofitthatisbasedontruth.Soifsomeonesaysthatdinosaursstillexisttoday,thinkaboutwhytheybelievethis.Wheredoestheideacomefrom?Dotheyhaveenoughdatatosupporttheirviews?Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.FocusonthemessageManypeoplemissoutonlearningopportunitiesbecausetheylettheirfeelingsgetintheway.Theyrefusetolearnorignorewhatissaidbecauseofwhothespeaker/writeris.Itistruethatwecannothelpdislikingsomepeople—thisishumannature,afterall.Butdonotforgetyoucanstilllearnfromthem.Activelearnersdonotjudgepeoplebasedonfirsimpressionsorpersonalfeelings.Instead,theyseparatethemessagefromthemessage.Thisgoestheotherwayaswell—donotjustassumethatsomepeoplearealwaysrightbecauseofwhotheyareorjustbecausetheyareyourfriends.36．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutinnervoiceandoutervoice?A．Yourinnervoiceisuseless,andalwaysgetsinthewayoflearning.B．Yourinnervoiceiswhatyouthink.C．Theoutervoiceusuallyiswhatyourbrainissaying.D．Theoutervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions.37．AccordingtoParagraph3whatdoyouknowaboutaskingquestions?A．Askingquestionswillleadyoutofurtherlearning.B．Askingquestionswon'tmakeyoumoremotivatedtolearnC．Askingquestionsfacilitatesactivelearning.D．Askingquestionswillstopyoufrombeingcurious..38．AccordingtoParagraph4,anactivelearner____.A．won'tfindoutthesourceofanideaB．is-willingtoaccepteverythingtheylearnC．believesthatdinosaursstillexisttodayD．alwaystriestofindthetruthatthecoreofeveryopinion39．WhatdowelearnaboutfromParagraph5?A．Weshouldtryourbesttolikepeoplewedon'tlike.B．Weoftenignorewhattheauthorsays.C．ActivelearnersjudgepeoplebasedonpersonalfeelingsD．Thepersonwelikemaynotalwaysberight.40．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．TooffersometipsonhowtolearnactivelyB．Toadviseustolistentotheoutervoice.C．Tohelpusgettothetruth.D．Tosharehislearningexperience.閱讀理解LastweekendImademyfirstvisittoaremotevillage,hometooneofourstudents,Tombe.AnotherteacherandIwalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—first,upamountainfromwherewehadfantasticviews,andthendownashadedpathtothevalleybelow.Whenwearrivedatthevillage,Tombe'smother,Kiak,sawuscomingandstartedcrying"ieeeieee".Weshookhandswithallthevillagers.EveryoneseemedtoberelatedtoTombe.Tombe'sfather,Mukap,amanwithastrongjawandawrinkledforehead,ledustohishouse,alow,roundbamboohutwithnowindows,withadoorjustbigenoughtogetthrough,andwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof—thisshowsitisaman'shouse.Suchhousingisdarkinsidesoittooktimeforoureyestoadjust.FreshgrasshadbeenlaidonthefloorandtherewasaplatformforJennyandmetosleepon.Therewasafireplaceinthecentreofthehut.TheonlypossessionsIcouldseewereonebroom,afewsaucers,akettle,cups,pans,andacoupleofjars.Mukapbuiltafireoutsideandlaidstonesonittoheat.Hethenplacedthehotstonesinanemptyoildrumwithkaukau（sweetpotato）,ripecorn,andgreens.Hethencoveredthevegetableswithbananaleavesandleftthemtosteam.Itsmelleddelicious.Weateinsidethehutsittingroundthefire.Ilovedlisteningtothefamilytalkingsoftlytoeachotherintheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipatemuchintheconversation.Luckily,Tombeinterpretedforus.Later.Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrill（烤架）overthefire.Afterawhile.Tombethrewitoutofthedoorway.Tombetoldmethatthecanwasheatedtodryouttheleftoverfood.Hisfamilybelievesthatleftoversattractbadspiritsinthenight,soanyleftoverfoodisdriedupinacanandthecanisthenthrownoutofthehut.Weleftthevillagethenextmorningaftermanygoodbyesandfirmhandshakes.Mymuscleswereachingandmykneesshakingaswedraggedourselvesdownthemountaintowardshome.ThateveningIfellhappilyintobed.ItwassuchaprivilegetohavespentadaywithTombe'sfamily.41．WhydidTombe'smotherstartcrying"ieeeieee"?A．BecauseshewasexcitedtoseehersonhomeB．BecauseshesawsomeonewhoscaredheC．Becauseshewaswelcomingtheteachers.D．Becausethatwasherdailyroutine.42．WhatcanwelearnaboutTombe'sfatherfromthepassage?A．He'snotaconsiderateone.B．Hehasaluxuryhouse.C．Hehadagoodtalkwiththeauthor.D．Heisgoodatcooking43．Whentheauthorsawthefamilytalkingsoftlytoeachother,herfeelingcanbebestdescribedas____.A．amazed B．puzzled C．frightened D．happy44．AccordingtoParagraph4,thecanwasusedto____.A．drivebadspirits B．protectthehutC．holdtheleftovers D．bethrownoutofthehut45．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthisvisit?A．ShehatedthelongandtiringvisitB．ShewaspleasedtovisittheTombefamily.C．ShethoughtTombe'sfamilywastoopoor.D．ShethoughtsomeoftheTombefamily'sactionswerestupid.閱讀理解Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Thegesturefor"OK"hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Eventhegesturesweusefor"yes"and"no"differaroundtheworld.Inmanycountries,shakingone'sheadmeans"no",andnoddingmeans"yes".Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans"sleep".Agoodwayofsaying"Iamfull"ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.46．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph1?A．Bodylanguageisasimportantasspokenlanguage.B．BodylanguagealonecannotexpresswhatwearethinkingC．BodylanguageisnotmoreimportantthanspokenlanguageD．Wecan'tcommunicatewithotherswithoutspokenlanguage.47．Themostimportantthingaboutusingbodylanguageisthat____.A．youneedn'tuseiteverywhereB．yououghttomakeeyecontactC．youshouldrespectthelocalcultureD．itshouldbeconsistentwithyourownculture48．Withtheexample"OK"inParagraph3,theauthorintendstoshowthat____.A．theJapanesevaluemoneymoreB．peoplefromdifferentcountriescan'tcommunicateC．inBrazilandGermany,peopleneverusethegesture"OK"D．thesamegesturemaymeandifferentthingsindifferentplaces49．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4aboutthegesture"yes"and"no"?A．InBulgaria,noddingmeans"yes".B．InsouthernAlbania,shakingyourheadmeans"yes".C．The"yes"and"no"gesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhereD．The"yes"and"no"gesturesinBulgariaandsouthernAlbaniaarecompletelyopposite.50．Theunderlinedpart"Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers."inthelastparagraphprobablymeans____.A．asmileisthekeytosuccessB．smilingcanmakeyoufeelhappierandstrongerC．smilingcanhelpyoubreakdownthebarriersinyourwayD．asmileisapowerfultoolforbuildingandstrengtheningsocialconnections閱讀理解Thismorning,Isawtheshockingheadline:"PassengerDiesWhenCarCrashesinDriverlessMode".Inthearticle,variouspeoplesaidthatthepublicshouldopposetheideaofdevelopingdriverlesscars.Theysaidthatsomeadvancesintechnologywereunnecessaryandcouldevenbedangerous.Hence,weshouldceaseacceptingtechnologyjustbecauseitisnew.Thenewspaperreportedthatthecarcompanyhadalreadyapologisedfortheaccident,butthefamiliesofthedeceased（死者）saiditwasnotenough.Nevertheless,thecompanystillclaimedthatmostpeoplewouldbetravellingindriverlesscarsonedaysoon.Ontheonehand,therearemanydifferentgroupsofpeoplearoundtheworldwholivehappilyintheabsenceofnewtechnology.ProbablythemostwellknownaretheAmish（亞米希人）,agroupofChristianslivinginruralAmerica.Theydonotownordrivecars,watchTV,orusetheInternet.Theyhavelivedmainlyasfarmerssincethe18thcentury,andtheywillprobablybelivingthesamewayinthedistantfuture.Theyadvocateasimplelifewithanemphasisonhardwork,family,andcommunity.Theythinkthatisbetterthancaringaboutluxuriesorfollowingthelivesoftherichandfamous.ItcouldevenbearguedthattheAmish'squalityoflifeisbettersincetheyliveinandappreciatethenaturalenvironmentratherthanlivinginlarge,pollutedcities.Ontheotherhand,newtechnologyhasprovidedpeopleeverywherewithmanybenefitsovertheyears.Forexample,thelatestweather-trackingcomputerprogrammesgivepeoplelotsofwarningsaboutpotentialnaturaldisasters,whichsavesmanylives.Moreover,theInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeveniftheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.Ithasalsomadefindingopportunitiesinlifemucheasier,asitallowspeopletomakelargernetworksoffriendsthroughusingsocialmedia.Personally,Ihavebenefitedquitealotfromtechnologicaladvances.IfoundmycareerasanAIdesignerthroughasocialmedianetwork.Myhealthmonitor,whichIwearallthetime,hasalsohelpedmegetintothebestshapeofmylife.Ofcourse,whennewtechnologychangesthewaywelive,itcanbeascaryprospect.Nevertheless,Iwillalwayslookonthepositivesideofchangeandacceptitratherthanresistit.51．InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto____.A．proposeadefinition B．makeacomparisonC．reachaconclusion D．introduceatopic52．WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleoftheAmish?A．Theirwayoflifewillchangeinthenearfuture.B．Noteveryoneiswillingtoembracenewtechnology.C．Thequalityoflifeinthecountrysideishigherthaninthecity.D．Followingthelifestyleofcelebritieswillleadtoadeclineinthequalityoflife.53．WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinParagraph3?A．Newtechnologyhasbroughtalotofconveniencetomankind.B．Newtechnologycanpreventpotentialnaturaldisastersfromhappening.C．Newtechnologycanhelpusexpandourcircleoffriends.D．Newtechnologycanhelpusfindourfriendsontheothersideoftheworld.54．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsnewtechnology?A．Pessimistic. B．Critical. C．Skeptical. D．Grateful.55．Whatmakesthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ShouldDriverlessCarHaveaFuture.B．TheAmishandNewTechnologyC．DriverlessCarwithNewTechnologyD．ShouldWeFightNewTechnology?四、第三部分：寫作閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語回答問題。DearMax,Itmustseemalittleoddtogetaletterfromyourownmotherwhomyouseeeveryday,butIhopeyouwillreadthisandtakewhatIhavetosayseriously.Iboughtyouaphoneforyour12thbirthdaybecauseyouwantedonesomuch,andallyourfriendshaveone.Iknowyouloveyourphone,butIwonderwhetheryouareawareofjusthowmuchyouuseit.Frommyperspective,itseemsthatyouareconstantlycheckingyourphonefornotifications（通知）ormessages.Youevendothiswhenwe'rehavingafamilymealinarestaurantorwhenI'mtalkingtoyou.Youmaynotrealisethis,butwheneveryoufeelevenslightlybored,youcheckyourphone.Youneverseemtorelax.You'reconstantlyonalert,andIdon'tthinkthisisverygoodforyou.Weallneedtoswitchitoffeverynowandthen.AndifIaskyoutoleaveyourphoneathomewhenwegoout,yousulk（生氣）andgettwitchy,almostasifyou'resufferingwithdrawalsymptoms（戒斷癥狀）.It'slikeyourphoneisadrug.Ihavetriedtotalktoyouaboutthis,butwheneverIaskyoutoputdownyourphoneandlookatme,yousay"inaminute".Unfortunately,"inaminute"nevercomes,andwenevertalk.Ican'tactuallyrememberthelasttimewehadaproperface-to-faceconversation.Ievenhavetomessageyoutoletyouknowdinnerisonthetable!That'swhyIdecidedtoputmyconcernsinalettertoyou.Pleasedon'tthinkIamwritingthislettertopunishyouortonag（嘮叨）you.Iknowyouareagoodboy.Idon'tthinkyouwanttohurtmeorberudeintentionally.However,Irecentlyheardaboutsomethingcalled"nomophobia"—thefearofbeingwithoutaphone.It'sarealillnessandI'mworriedwhetheryouhaveit.Ireallythinkitwouldbeagoodideaifweallwenttoseeanaddictionexperttogethersowecanallhaveadiscussionaboutthisseriousproblem.Iknowyouwon'twantto,butI'mveryconcernedaboutyou.PleasetakesometimetothinkaboutwhatIhavewritten.Thenlet'stalk.Mum,56．What'sMax'smumworriedabout?（nomorethan10words）57．WhydidMax'smumhavetomessagehimthatdinnerwasready?（nomorethan6words）58．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph5?（nomorethan2word）59．Whatismum'ssuggestiontosolvethisproblem?（nomorethan15words）60．WhatdoyouthinkofMax'sproblem?Pleaseexplain.（nomorethan20words）五、第二節(jié)：書面表達（滿分25分）61．假定你是高三學生李津，你和同學根據(jù)英語課文改編了一個短劇。給外教Chris寫封郵件，請他幫忙指導。郵件內容包括：1）劇情簡介；2）指導內容；3）商定時間地點。注意：1）詞數(shù)不少于100；2）可適當加入細節(jié)，使內容充實、行文連貫；

（3）開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

答案解析部分1．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——我們?yōu)槭裁床蝗タ措娪澳?？——我愿意去。A.I'mgame.表示"我愿意嘗試"；B.What'sup?表示"怎么了？"；C.Whatarelief!表示"可輕松了！"；D.Ireallyenvyyou.表示"我真羨慕你。"。前一說話者"Whydon'twegotoamovie?"提議去看電影，回答者應是說自己愿意。故選A。

【點評】考查情景交際。2．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：憎恨和憤怒只會發(fā)生在我們深切關心的人身上。carefor"關心"。分析句子結構可知，本空引導限制性定語從句，先行詞是those，指人，關系詞代替先行詞在從句中作for的賓語，應用forwhom引導。故選C。

【點評】考查定語從句。注意："介詞+關系代詞"結構中，常見的關系代詞有which,whom,who,whose和that。根據(jù)先行詞的性質（人或物）以及介詞的搭配，選擇合適的關系代詞。例如，人通常用"whom"或"who"，物則用"which"。注意，當先行詞是"所有格"形式時，使用"whose"。分析定語從句的內部結構，特別是動詞、介詞短語及其他修飾成分，有助于理解整個從句的語義和語法功能。確保介詞后緊跟的關系代詞在從句中充當正確的成分（如賓語、主語、定語等）。有些介詞與動詞、形容詞或名詞之間存在固定搭配，這些固定搭配在理解句意時至關重要。在確定了介詞、關系代詞及先行詞后，嘗試翻譯定語從句的完整意思，確保理解從句是如何修飾或限定先行詞的。這有助于驗證所選介詞和關系代詞的正確性。3．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：由于工作原因，他通常穿著正式，但回家后，他穿得很隨意。A.naturally自然地；B.economically經(jīng)濟地；C.casually隨意地；D.seriously認真地。根據(jù)"Heusuallydressesformallyforworkreasons,butwhenhecomeshome"可推知，他在家里著裝很隨意。故空處應表達"隨意地"，故用casually，作狀語，修飾dresses，符合語境。故選C。

【點評】考查副詞詞義辨析。注意：在選擇題中，經(jīng)常會遇到多個副詞選項，需要考生根據(jù)句子的語境和邏輯關系進行辨析，此時，要注意區(qū)分不同副詞在意義、用法和語境上的差異。在解題時，要仔細閱讀題目和選項，理解句子的整體語境和邏輯關系，通過語境推斷出副詞在句子中的正確位置和作用。特別注意句子中的關鍵詞、標點符號和上下文聯(lián)系，這些信息往往能幫助考生準確判斷副詞的用法和意義。4．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：結果與我們早期的研究完全一致。A.artificial人工的；B.consistent持續(xù)的、一致的；C.decent體面的；D.humble謙遜的。根據(jù)句子語境分析可知，此處指結果與早期的研究一致，應用beconsistentwith。故選B。

【點評】考查形容詞詞義辨析。注意：結合上下文，理解句子語境，把握形容詞在其中的具體含義和用法。注意形容詞與其他詞匯之間的邏輯關系，如并列、轉折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容詞往往帶有一定的情感色彩，如褒義、貶義或中性。在解題時，要注意形容詞所表達的情感色彩是否與句子或段落的整體氛圍相符。5．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：走出戶外時,她一時被陽光照得眼睛昏花。A.blinded使盲目；B.threatened威脅；C.opposed反對；D.interpreted口譯。根據(jù)后文"bythesun"她一時被陽光照得眼睛昏花。故選A。

【點評】考查動詞詞義辨析。注意：在解題時，要仔細閱讀題目和選項，理解句子的語境和含義，根據(jù)句子的邏輯關系和語境，判斷哪個動詞更符合句子的意思。對于不確定的選項，可以先嘗試排除那些明顯不符合句意或語法的選項，縮小選擇范圍，將各個選項進行對比分析，找出它們之間的異同點，從而確定正確答案。6．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：她害怕打開窗戶時玻璃會碎。A.hasfrightened現(xiàn)在完成時；B.wasfrightened一般過去時，系表結構；C.frightened一般過去時；D.hadfrightened過去完成時。befrightenedthat…"對……事情感到害怕"。根據(jù)that從句中的wouldbreak可知，該句描述的是過去發(fā)生的情況，所以用一般過去時。A和D項的時態(tài)不對。而C項中的frighten可作動詞，意為"使驚嚇"，所以不符合語境。故選B。

【點評】考查時態(tài)（一般過去時）。注意：在解答時態(tài)相關題目時，首先，要仔細審題，在題干中尋找標志性的時間狀語。時間狀語是判斷時態(tài)的重要依據(jù)。如果題目所給題干是主從復合句，考生需要根據(jù)主從句時態(tài)相呼應的原則來判斷時態(tài)。在時間、條件等狀語從句中，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時，用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來完成時。同時，要正確認定主句動詞及從句動詞兩個動作發(fā)生的先后時間，并認真體會命題者所給出的語境。認真閱讀題干，理解句子的整體意義，捕捉題干中對動作發(fā)生時間所隱含的信息。可以把語境中比較完整的句子中的動詞或另一個相關動詞所發(fā)生的時間作為參照時間，再把選項中的動詞與它作比較，看看它所表示的動作是發(fā)生在參照時間之前、之后還是正在進行，從而確定選用什么時態(tài)。7．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：通常情況下，制定計劃比執(zhí)行計劃更容易。A.comeout出版，結果出來；B.carryout執(zhí)行；C.giveout分發(fā)，耗盡；D.workout解答出，鍛煉。根據(jù)"Moreoftenthannot,itiseasiertomakeaplanthanto...aplan."可知，此處將"制定計劃"與"執(zhí)行計劃"做對比，表示：制定計劃往往比執(zhí)行計劃容易，故空處表示"執(zhí)行"。故選B。

【點評】考查動詞短語辨析。注意：在解題時，要仔細閱讀題目和選項，理解句子的語境和含義，根據(jù)句子的邏輯關系和語境，判斷哪個動詞短語更符合句子的意思。對于不確定的選項，可以先嘗試排除那些明顯不符合句意或語法的選項，縮小選擇范圍，將各個選項進行對比分析，找出它們之間的異同點，從而確定正確答案。8．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：看來吉姆已經(jīng)成為了他父母希望他成為的人。A.whether是否，從屬連詞；B.where哪里，連接副詞；C.what什么，連接代詞；D.when什么時候，連接副詞。分析句子結構可知，空處位于系動詞become之后引導表語從句，表示"什么樣的人"，且表語從句缺少表語，故空處應用連接代詞what引導表語從句。故選C。

【點評】考查表語從句。注意：在解答表語從句連接詞的問題時，常見錯誤包括混淆連接詞的類型、誤用連接詞、時態(tài)不一致等。要避免這些錯誤，需要加強對連接詞的理解，注意從句與主句之間的時態(tài)和邏輯關系，以及遵循英語語法規(guī)則。理解句子的語境和邏輯關系對于選擇正確的連接詞至關重要。在解答表語從句連接詞的問題時，要仔細閱讀題干和選項，分析句子的上下文和邏輯關系，從而確定最合適的連接詞。例如，如果句子表達的是選擇關系，應選擇"whether...or..."結構；如果表達的是原因關系，則應選擇表示原因的連接詞。9．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：凱西上氣不接下氣地趕到公司，卻被告知她被解雇了。A.told過去式或者過去分詞；B.tobetold動詞不定式的被動式；C.beingtold現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式；D.havingtold現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。根據(jù)句子結構和語境分析可知，空處為非謂語且在句中做狀語，此處表示：卻被告知她被解雇了，即表示出乎意料的結果，故空處應用結構onlytodosth.，作結果狀語，表示出乎意料的結果，且tell與Kathy構成被動關系，故用tobedone形式。故選B。

【點評】考查非謂語動詞（動詞不定式作結果狀語）。注意：仔細閱讀句子的上下文，理解語境和邏輯關系，動詞不定式表示的結果通常是出乎主句動作發(fā)出者的意料的，因此要注意句子中表達的意外或驚訝情緒。動詞不定式作為狀語時，其時態(tài)和語態(tài)應與主句保持一致或根據(jù)語境進行調整。在表示出乎意料的結果時，動詞不定式通常采用一般式（todo/tobedone），但有時也可能使用完成式（tohavedone）或進行式（tobedoing），這取決于具體語境。10．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我今晚不能去參加聚會，因為我得工作到很晚。A.eventhough盡管；B.asif好像；C.inthat因為；D.eversince從那以后。根據(jù)句子語境分析可知，空前后兩句為因果關系，空前句子為結果，空后句子為原因，故空處表示"因為"，故用inthat，引導原因狀語從句，符合語境。故選C。

【點評】考查原因狀語從句。注意："inthat"相當于"because"或"since"，表示"因為"或"由于"的意思，它用于引導一個從句，對主句中的動作、狀態(tài)或情況進行解釋或說明。在識別出"inthat"引導的原因狀語從句后，要分析主從句之間的邏輯關系，確保理解從句是如何解釋或說明主句的，這通常涉及對句子中動詞、名詞、形容詞等詞匯的準確理解，以及對句子結構的清晰把握。11．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：湯姆和他的助手們日夜工作以趕在最后期限前完成這個項目。A.work動詞原形；B.havebeenworking現(xiàn)在完成進行時；C.isworking現(xiàn)在進行時；D.areworking現(xiàn)在進行時。根據(jù)句中時間狀語"dayandnight"可知，此處表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，故空處謂語時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進行時，結構為"be動詞+實義動詞的ing形式"，句子主語Tom為第三人稱單數(shù)，故be動詞應用三單式，alongwithhisassistants不影響謂語的單復數(shù)。故選C。

【點評】考查動詞時態(tài)（現(xiàn)在進行時）。注意：常見的現(xiàn)在進行時時間狀語包括now，atthismoment，rightnow，thesedays等。在解題時，首先要快速瀏覽句子，尋找這些時間狀語，從而初步判斷句子是否使用現(xiàn)在進行時?，F(xiàn)在進行時的基本結構是"be動詞+實義動詞的ing形式"。因此，在確認句子為現(xiàn)在進行時后，要檢查be動詞的使用是否正確。除了時間狀語外，句子中的其他關鍵詞也可能暗示動作正在發(fā)生。例如，look，listen等感官動詞后常跟現(xiàn)在進行時的從句，表示正在進行的動作。在解題時，圈定這些關鍵詞，有助于我們更準確地判斷句子的時態(tài)。12．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：——今天是我和Philip結婚30周年紀念日。——哦，恭喜！A.cheerup振作起來；B.congratulations恭喜；C.goahead去吧；D.welldone做得好。根據(jù)上文"Todayismy30thweddinganniversarywithPhilip."可知，祝賀對方的結婚周年紀念日。故選B。

【點評】考查情景交際。注意：解題時，要注意遵從禮貌原則、利他原則和跨文化交際原則。不能簡單照搬、忌中文思維、忌直接拒絕、忌答非所問、忌從字面理解。抓住關鍵詞，在對話中，有些關鍵詞可以提示我們對話的主題或情感色彩。抓住這些關鍵詞，有助于我們更準確地理解對話內容并作出選擇。排除法，當面對多個選項時，可以先用排除法排除那些明顯不符合語境或交際原則的選項，從而縮小選擇范圍。13．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：TikTok，在中國被稱為抖音，是一款移動應用，它允許用戶創(chuàng)作、分享和觀看短視頻。A.havingallowed現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式；B.allowing現(xiàn)在分詞或者動名詞；C.allowed過去式或者過去分詞；D.tobeallowed動詞不定式的被動式。根據(jù)句子結構和語境分析可知，空處為非謂語且在句中做后置定語修飾名詞app，動詞allow與其邏輯主語app構成邏輯上的主動關系，故空處應用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故選B。

【點評】考查非謂語動詞（現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語）。注意：在解題時，要對句子結構進行細致分析，通過識別主語、謂語、賓語以及定語等句子成分，可以更準確地理解現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句子中的作用和位置?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作為后置定語時，通常位于被修飾名詞之后，形成"名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞短語"的結構，這種結構在句子中很常見，且易于識別?，F(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語時，通常表示被修飾名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間的主動關系。即，被修飾名詞是現(xiàn)在分詞動作的發(fā)出者。14．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我知道他錯了，但我不必告訴他，因為他從來不聽。A.mustn't禁止，不許；B.daren't不敢；C.needn't不必；D.oughtn't不應該。結合becauseheneverlistens可知，空處應表達"不必"，故用need