【八下英語滬教版】Module 4 Unit 7 單元小結(jié)

第②bepleasedwithsb./sth.“對(duì)某人/某事很滿意”Thelittleboyisagoodboy,hismotherispleasedwithhim.小男孩兒是個(gè)好孩子，他的媽媽對(duì)他很滿意。pleasure作“高興，快樂，玩樂”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞；表示“樂事，高興的事”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞?！猅hankyouforhelpingme.謝謝你幫助我?！狪t'sapleasure.不客氣。pleasant意為“令人愉快的”，是個(gè)常用且含義廣泛的形容詞，常作定語，也可作表語。Itisverypleasanttositdownafterstandingforhours.站了幾小時(shí)后坐下來很舒服。pleased表示“感到高興的，欣喜的”，作形容詞用，指以任何方式表現(xiàn)出來或未表現(xiàn)出來的滿足與快樂，一般作表語，常與不定式、介詞短語或從句連用，以說明原因，其主語是人。Thetwofriendswereverypleasedtoseeeachotheragain.這兩個(gè)朋友再次見面非常高興?！镜淅治觥?.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—WhatdoyouthinkofyourtriptoHainan?—Wonderful.Wewereall________withthe________trip.A.pleased;pleasant B.pleasant;pleasedC.pleasing;pleased D.pleasant;pleasing【答案】A句意：——你覺得你去海南的旅行怎么樣？——棒極了。我們都很滿意這次令人愉快的旅行。bepleasedwith表示“對(duì)……滿意”，是固定短語，另外pleased一般修飾人，此處修飾we；pleasant“令人愉快的”一般用來修飾事物，此處修飾trip。所以本題選A。點(diǎn)評(píng)：對(duì)于please“請(qǐng)”、pleased“高興”、pleasant“令人愉快的”、pleasing“令人愉快的”和pleasure“快樂”不論從詞性上，還是從用法上都應(yīng)該注意區(qū)分。2.用please的適當(dāng)形式填空1).—Thankyouforcomingtoseeme.—It’sa____________.2).Heisvery____________toseetheprogresswearemaking.3).Wespentavery____________evening.【答案】1）pleasure2）surprised3）pleasant3.我很高興認(rèn)識(shí)他。I’m___________________knowhim.【答案】pleased4.老師對(duì)我們的家庭作業(yè)感到滿意Theteacher_____________________________ourhomework.【答案】ispleasedwith5.從他人手中收到禮物是一件令人高興的事。_________________________________toreceiveagiftfromothers.【答案】it’sapleasure6.他動(dòng)人的微笑取悅了我。Hisnicesmile___________me.【答案】pleases要點(diǎn)7（1）explainv.解釋；說明Sheexplainedthereasontomecarefully.她認(rèn)真地向我解釋了原因。Canyouexplaintoushowtousethecomputer?你能向我們解釋一下怎樣使用這臺(tái)電腦嗎？(2)explain＋that/how/why從句，意為“(向某人)解釋/說明……”。(3)explain(tosb.)＋疑問詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式【典例分析】1．(1)根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子①請(qǐng)您把第三段給我們解釋一下好嗎？Willyouplease________thethirdparagraph________________？②請(qǐng)跟我說明從哪里開始以及該如何做。Please________________________________tostartandhowtodoit.【答案】①explaintome②explaintomewhere(2)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Sallyloveschocolate.That________(explain)whyit'shardforhertoloseweight.【答案】explanation要點(diǎn)8fear1.用作動(dòng)詞,注意以下用法：(1)表示“恐懼”“害怕”,其后接動(dòng)詞時(shí),可用不定式或動(dòng)名詞(注：用不定式比用動(dòng)名詞常見).如：Hefearedtospeakinpublic.他害怕在公共場(chǎng)合講話.Hefearstotell[telling]herwhathappened.他怕告訴她所發(fā)生的事.(2)表示“恐怕”“擔(dān)心”,其后通常接that從句.如：Ifearthathewillrefuseus.我擔(dān)心他會(huì)拒絕我們.在答語中that從句可用so,not代之.如：A：Willhecome?他會(huì)來嗎?B：Ifearso./Ifearnot.我想會(huì)來吧/我想不會(huì)來吧.【注】后接否定的賓語從句時(shí),通常不轉(zhuǎn)移到主句.如：Ifearitwon’tdomuchgood.我擔(dān)心這不會(huì)有多大好處.(3)通常不接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).如：我擔(dān)心他會(huì)失敗.誤：Ifearhimtofail.正：Ifearthathewillfail.(4)比較fearsb與fearforsb：前者意為害怕某人,后者意為為某人擔(dān)心.如：Hefearshiswife.他怕他老婆.Hefearsforhiswife.他為他老婆擔(dān)心.2.用作名詞,比較forfearof與infearof：前者意為“由于怕……”“以防……”,后者意為“害怕”“擔(dān)心”.如：Shutthewindowforfearofcatchingacold.關(guān)閉窗戶以免感冒.We’reinfearofmoresnow.我們擔(dān)心會(huì)再下雪.Thethiefpassedthedayinfearofdiscovery.這個(gè)小偷整天提心掉膽擔(dān)心會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn).3.fear的形容詞形式為fearful,意為“可怕的;擔(dān)心的”;其反義詞為fearless,意為“大膽的;無畏的”。注意,fear后接表示否定意義的賓語從句時(shí),否定詞通常不轉(zhuǎn)移到主句。例如:Ifearitwon’tdomuchgood.我擔(dān)心這不會(huì)有太大好處?！镜淅治觥?.小偷害怕警察。Thethievesare_______________________thepolice.2.不要害怕說實(shí)話。Don’t______________________thetruth.=Don’t_______________thetruth.3.Thelittlegirlcriedout________________(害怕)whenthedogbarked(吠叫)ather4.Iamafraidthathewillfailtheexam.(同義改寫)=I________thathewillfailtheexam.5.他害怕一個(gè)人晚上外出。He________________________goingoutatnightalone.=He_______________________goingoutatnightalone.=He________________gooutatnightalone.=He________goingoutatnightalone.【答案】1.infearof2.feartotell/feartelling3.infear4.fear5.isafraidof/isfearof/fearstofears要點(diǎn)9.wonderwonderv.想知道；想弄明白【例句】Iwonderifyoucanattendthemeetingtonight.我想知道你是否可以參加今晚的會(huì)議。【拓展】(1)wonderfuladj.精彩的WelcometothewonderfulworldofDisneyland!歡迎來到精彩的迪士尼世界!(2)wonderfullyadv.精彩地Listen!Howwonderfullythegirlsaresinging!聽！女孩們唱得多么精彩啊!(3)nowonder=It’snowonderthat怪不得Nowonderhejumpedoutofthecar.=It’snowonderthathejumpedoutofthecar.怪不得他當(dāng)時(shí)跳車了。【典例分析】1.I_________ifyouwouldliketogooutwithustomorrow.A.wonder B.want C．wonders2.Doyouthinkhisspeechisvery_____________(wonder)?3.怪不得他當(dāng)時(shí)跳車了(完成句子)____________________hejumpedoutofthecar.=It’snowonderthathejumpedoutofthecar.4.長城是世界上的奇跡之一。(完成句子)TheGreatWallis____________________________________intheworld.【答案】1.Awonder想知道，疑惑。2.wonderful3.Nowonder4.oneofthewonders要點(diǎn)10believebelieve作動(dòng)詞，意為“相信；認(rèn)為有可能”。例如：Idon’tbelievehim.我不相信他。(1)believe用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面可跟名詞、代詞或that/wh-從句作賓語，也可接that從句(表示將來)充當(dāng)直接賓語的雙賓語。例如：Ibelievethatman.我相信那個(gè)人。Everybodybelievedher.大家都相信她。Hebelievedwhathisfriendtoldhim.他相信他的朋友告訴他的話。Ibelieveyouthathewillbethere.我相信你他會(huì)在那里。(2)believe后接從句如果表示否定，否定詞往往要放在主句里。例如：Idon’tbelievehecanfixthebike.我認(rèn)為他修不好這輛自行車?！就卣埂縝elievesb.與believeinsb.believe與believein都有“相信”的意思。其區(qū)別在于：believesb.表示相信某人說的話是真的；而believeinsb.則指相信某人的人格。例如：Icanbelievehim,butIcannotbelieveinhim.我可以相信他的話是真的，但是不相信他的為人。【典例分析】1.Idon'thim.我不相信他這個(gè)人?！敬鸢浮縝elievein2.Shedoesn'twhatIsaid.她不相信我說的話?！敬鸢浮縝elieve3.—Mom,Iwonthefirstprizeinthespeechcompetition!—Wonderful!Aslongasyou________yourselfandkeeptrying,youwillsucceed.A．dressup B．believein C．pickup D．leaveout【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語的辨析。句意：“媽媽，我演講比賽得了一等獎(jiǎng)！”“太棒了！只要你相信自己并不斷努力，你會(huì)成功的?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，此處表示相信自己，故選B。4.I________whatyousaid,butIdon’t________you.A．believe;believein B．believein;believeC．believe;believe D．believein;believed【答案】A【解析】句意：我相信你所說的話，但是我不信任你?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。believe相信，相信某人的話；believein信任（某人）。分析“I...whatyousaid,butIdon’t...you.”可知，第一句話表示“相信你的話”，用believe；第二句話表示信任某人，故用believein。故選A。5.Ican________him,butIcannot________him.A.believe;believein B．believe;believeC．believein;believein D．believein;believe【答案】A【解析】句意：我可以相信他說的話，但是我不會(huì)相信他的能力。believesb相信某人的話；believeinsb相信某人的能力或人品。故選A。要點(diǎn)11assoonaspossible盡可能快as...aspossible意為“盡可能……”，兩個(gè)as之間必須是形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)，相當(dāng)于as...asonecan/could?！镜淅治觥?.Writeit_____possibleandtrynottomakeanymistakes.A.ascarefulas B．a(chǎn)scarefullyas C．morecareful D．lesscareful【答案】Bas…as之間跟形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。這里用副詞原級(jí)。2.WemustspeakEnglish________possibleafterclass.A.asmanyas B．a(chǎn)ssoonas C．a(chǎn)smuchas D．a(chǎn)smoreas【答案】C句意：課后我們必須盡可能多說英語。as…as之間跟形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)，more是many/much的比較級(jí)，首先排除D答案；assoonaspossible盡可能快地，是從時(shí)間的角度來表達(dá)的，也不符合題意；many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，English是不可數(shù)名詞，需要由much來修飾，故答案為C。3.請(qǐng)盡快回答我的問題。Pleaseanswermyquestion_____________________________.【答案】assoonasyoucan要點(diǎn)12.disagreedisagreev.不同意；有分歧 agreev.同意；贊成；應(yīng)允disagree與agree互為反義詞，其用法相似，以agree為例：agreewithsb./sth.同意某人的看法或觀點(diǎn)，后接人或表示“意見；看法”的名詞agreetosth.同意（計(jì)劃，建議，安排等）agreetodosth.同意做某事agreeonsth.就……取得一致意見agree+that從句贊成……；同意……【典例分析】1--Ithinkstudentsshouldhavemobilephonestocalltheirparents.--_____.Theyoftenusethemtoplaygamesinstead.A．Ihopeso B.Idon’tagree C.Noproblem D.Goodidea【答案】B【解析】--我認(rèn)為學(xué)生應(yīng)該有手機(jī)給他們的父母打電話。--_____.他們經(jīng)常用它們來做游戲。后面不同意前面的觀點(diǎn)所以選B2.--Petershouldn’twearthatearring.--________.Ilikeit.Itlookscool.A.Ithinkso B.Iagree C.Idisagree D.Ihopeso【答案】C【解析】不同意別人觀點(diǎn)，用Idisagree。3.--Ithinkdrinkingmilkeverymorningisgoodforourhealth.--Yes.Iagree____you.A.to B.with C.on D.for【答案】B【解析】agreewith同意某人觀點(diǎn)。4.—WouldyouliketogoonapicnicwithusthisSunday?—I'dloveto,butIhavetogetmyparents'________first.A.agreement B．surprise C．offer D．share【答案】A【解析】語境推理法。根據(jù)答語中的but可推知此句應(yīng)表示我必須先得到我父母的同意。5.—Idon'tthinkstudentsshouldusemobilephonesatschool.—.Theyreallyhaveabadinfluenceonourstudy.A.Iagreewithyou B．Notatall C．Noproblem D．It'smypleasure【答案】A【解析】本題考查交際用語。題干中提到了“我覺得學(xué)生在校期間不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)”,根據(jù)答語中的“它們對(duì)我們的學(xué)習(xí)有很壞的影響”可推斷,所缺的部分是A,此處的含義是“我同意你的觀點(diǎn)”6.用agreewith和agreeto填空1)Thefooddoesnot_____________me.【答案】1.agreewithagreewith可用于指人，指同意其看法或意見2)He_______________theplan.【答案】agreedtoagreeto常與plan、arrangement、suggestion、proposal、terms、method等名詞連用3)We______________leaveearly.【答案】agreedtoagreetodo就是同意去做什么事，4)I_____________whatyousay.【答案】agreewith可用于指人，指同意其看法或意見等，也可與一些名詞或從句連用。要點(diǎn)13becauseofbecauseof和because是同義詞，都可以表示原因，但是，because的后面用句子；becauseof的后面用名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞短語形式。例如：IwaslatethismorningbecauseImissedthefirstbus.我今天早上遲到是因?yàn)槲覜]能趕上第一班公共汽車。Wecouldn’thavethesportsmeetinglastSundaybecauseoftherain.我們上個(gè)星期天沒能召開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是因?yàn)橄掠炅?。【典例分析?.用because和becauseof填空。(1)_heisill,heisabsenttoday.(2)Heisnotatschoolhisillness.(3)Hecan’tcometheheavyrain.(4)Welikephysicswecanlearnalotofideas.(5)Thestudentsdidn’tneedtogotoschool______________thestorm.【答案】1.because2.becauseof3.becauseof4.because5.becauseof2.Hewasill,sohedidn’tgotoschool.（同義句改寫）_____________hewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.【答案】Because3.Hecouldn’twalkbecausehislegwasbroken.（同義句改寫）Hecouldn’twalk____________________his_________leg.【答案】becauseofbroken4.Icamebackbecauseitwasrainingheavily.（同義句改寫）Icameback___________________the________rain.【答案】becauseofheavy5.______Idon’thaveenoughmoney,______Ican’taffordthecar.A./;so B．Because;so C．/;and D./;because【答案】Abecause通常用來回答why提出的問題，與so不能同時(shí)使用。6.Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday____hewasill.A.because B．becauseof C．if D．so【答案】because后面通常接句子，表示“原因”。Becauseof接短語。7.Ididn’tgotothepartynot________theweather,but_______Ididn’tfeelwell.A.becauseof;because B.because;becauseofC.because;because D.becauseof;becauseof【答案】A句意：我沒去聚會(huì)不是因?yàn)樘鞖?，而是因?yàn)槲腋杏X不舒服。becauseof和because都表示原因，區(qū)別是前者后面接名詞性短語，后者接從句。前文根據(jù)theweather可知用becauseof，后者根據(jù)Ididn'tfeelwell可知用because。故選A。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)二語法A原因狀語從句在句中表示原因、理由的從句叫原因狀語從句。1引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有because,since,as。2表示語氣的強(qiáng)弱順序是：because﹥since﹥as。3這些連詞都不能和so連用。4當(dāng)原因狀語從句放于句首時(shí)，通常要用逗號(hào)與主句隔開。引導(dǎo)詞because1because強(qiáng)調(diào)明確直接的因果關(guān)系，回答“why”問題2because從句可與for互換，但for是并列連詞，連接的是并列句，并且在for前必須有逗號(hào)隔開。如：引導(dǎo)詞since1since表示明擺著的理由或原因，常譯為“既然”2since還可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“自從……以來”引導(dǎo)詞as1as語氣最弱，表示附帶說明的原因2as還可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”、“隨著……”。如：Bbecause與becauseof的區(qū)別because和becauseof的意思都是“因?yàn)?；由于”。但because是連詞，其后接句子。becauseof是復(fù)合介詞，其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、what從句等?！镜淅治觥恳弧雾?xiàng)選擇1.Shewon’tgotothecinema______shehasalreadyseenthefilm.A.until B．if C．so D．because【答案】D【解析】句意：她不會(huì)去看電影的，____她已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。前后句子因果關(guān)系。故選D2______you’retired,you’dbetterstayathomeandhavearest.A.Since B．Or C．Though D．Till【答案】A【解析】句意：既然你累了，你最好呆在家里休息一下。since，從句表示明顯的或已為人所知的理由，常譯為“因?yàn)?；既然?.—Whydidn’tyougototheparty?—______Iwasn’tinvited.A.As B．Since C．Because D．So【答案】C【解析】回答why的句子只能用because。because表示直接原因，著重點(diǎn)在從句，它所指的原因通常是聽話人所不知道的，語氣最強(qiáng)。常用來回答why的提問4.—DidyoucallJackback?—Ididn’tneedto______I’llseehimtomorrow.A.though B．because C．unless D.when【答案】B【解析】句意：-你給杰克回電話了嗎？-我不需要，因?yàn)槲颐魈煲娝?.______wehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.A.Until B．Unless C．As D．Although【答案】C【解析】as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句語氣最弱，它所表示的原因只是對(duì)結(jié)果的附加說明，可位于句首或句末。常譯為“由于；鑒于”6.______itwasraining,_______theystayedathome.A.Because;so B．Because;/ C．Since;so D．As;so【答案】B【解析】because不能和so同時(shí)使用。7Theywerelateforthemeeting______theheavyrain.A.becauseof B．because C．since D．a(chǎn)s【答案】A【解析】becauseof后面接短語。表示“因?yàn)?。由于”。Because接句子。8.Itrainedlastnight,_______thegroundiswet.A.or B．for C．but D．though【答案】B【解析】for也表示，原因，放在后面，一般表示對(duì)前面進(jìn)行解釋，表示解釋的原因。9.Thebabyissleeping,_______you’dbetterkeepquiet.A.but B．or C．because D．so【答案】D【解析】so表示“所以”，前后句子是并列關(guān)系。完成句子。1他因?yàn)橐粓?chǎng)事故失去了雙親。Helosthisparents__________________anaccident.【答案】becauseof2既然你已經(jīng)在這兒了，何不多待兩天？____________youarehere,whynotstayfortwomoredays?【答案】Since3你生病了，最好去看看醫(yī)生。____________youareill,you’dbettergotoseeadoctor.【答案】Since/As/Because4我沒去那里，因?yàn)槲也幌胍姷剿?。Ididn’tgothere_________Ididn’twanttoseehim.【答案】because5因?yàn)橐s去火車站，他們很早就起床了。________theyneededtogotothetrainstation,theygotupearly.【答案】Since/because/As知識(shí)要點(diǎn)三、書面表達(dá)【話題分析】本單元的話題閱讀是：與外星人遭遇。要求學(xué)生用過去時(shí)描述一個(gè)故事。【短語積累】1.恐懼地；害怕地______________________ 2.因?yàn)開_______________________3.不同意；持不同意見；有分歧__________ 4.向某人提及某事_______________5.同意；贊成______________________ 6.盡快________________________7.高興做某事______________________ 8.保持安靜_____________________9.醒來____________________________ 10.制造噪音_____________________【答案】1.infear2.becauseof3.disagreewith4.mentionsth.tosb.agreewith5.assoonaspossible6.bepleasedtodosth7.keepquiet8.wakeup10.makeanoise【句式積累】1.有兩個(gè)女孩在河邊畫畫。【答案】Therearetwogirlsdrawingbytheriver.2.他告訴了我什么時(shí)候離開這兒?！敬鸢浮縃etoldmewhentoleavehere.3.因?yàn)橛羞@個(gè)職業(yè)理想，我將加倍努力學(xué)習(xí)。【答案】Iwill