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南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞鐘山風(fēng)景區(qū)以鐘山(紫金山)和玄武湖為中心,包括84個(gè)可供觀光游覽的景點(diǎn),分為明孝陵景區(qū)、中山陵景區(qū)、靈谷景區(qū)、頭陀嶺景區(qū)和其他景點(diǎn)五大部分。接下來(lái)是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞,方便大家閱讀與鑒賞!南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞1Today,myparentstookmetoXiaolingscenicspot.XiaolingofMingDynastyisthemausoleumofEmperorZhuYuanzhangofMingDynasty.Hereisnotonlybeautifulscenery,butalsosomehistoricalknowledge,soeveryholiday,willgathermanytourists.EnteringthegateofMingXiaolingMausoleum,thefirstthingthatcomestomindis2sacredDao.OneisthestoneroadoftheEastandthewest,andtheotheris615meterslong.Intheorderoftheroad,sixstoneanimalsarelions,tiers,camels,elephants,Kirinandhorses.TheotheristheWengChongRoad,theShintoroadinthenorthandsouthdirection,250meterslong,twopairsofWen_andtwopairsofWenChenonthepillar.Thetopofthecolumniscylindrical,anditsbodyiscarvedwithdragonpatterns.Thedignifiedanddignifiedgeneralsaretheloyalguardiansofthemausoleum.Shintoisflankedbylushtoweringtrees,eachtreehasaredcanna.TwigsandleavesofthetreetwistsandturnsintoaGreenAvenue.AttheXiaolingMuseumoftheMingDynasty,IvisitedsomeunearthedculturalrelicsoftheMingDynasty,includingjadesandceramics.Ialsoknewthattherewere16emperorsintheMingDynasty,threeofwhomhadtheircapitalsinNanjingfor53years.Astoneturtlecarriesalargestonetabletonitsback,whichisengravedwith"ZhilongTangandSongDynasties".Thisisthefamoustablethall.ThisisEmperorKangxi'spraiseforZhuYuanzhang'srulingthecountrymorethanthatofTangandSongdynasties.OnbothsidesofthetimesaretheimperialstelesofEmperorQianlong'sphysicalskills.ThehallofenjoymentisoneofthemainbuildingsinXiaolingMausoleumofMingDynasty,whichisusedtoworshipZhuYuanzhang,Empressandconcubines.Therearethreefloors,andtherearestonedragonsinfourcornersofeachfloor.Onthewayhome,thebeautifulsceneryofMingXiaolingisunforgettable.南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞2TherearecountlessplacesofinterestinChina.Theyarethecrystallizationandpainstakingeffortsofmanyancientandmodernpeople.TodayIwanttotalkabouttheZhongshanMausoleumandtheMingXiaolingMausoleuminNanjing.OurfamilytookabustotheeastgateoftheMingXiaolingMausoleumearlyinthemorning.Afterweboughtthetickets,weenteredthegarden.Assoonasweenteredthegarden,wesawalargeareaofland,onwhichmanyplumblossomswereplanted.Thoseplumblossomswereallbuddingflowers,someofwhichwerealreadyblooming.Justlikethesmilingfacesofchildren,theyweresopure,sobrilliant,andtheywerefulloffragranceTherewasacharmingsmell.Then,aswewenton,wesawasignboardwhichsaid"Shintogoesfromhere".Sowewentalongthedirectionitpointedto.Alongtheway,thereweremanybronzewarriorsonbothsidesoftheroad.Theyweretallandpowerful,likethewarriorsguardinghere.Then,wewenton,andwecametothehugecityguardingtheimperialmausoleum.Weenteredthroughthemaingateofthecity,wherethereweremorethan200steps.Wemadegreateffortstoclimbupthecity,andherewastheend,becausetheRoyalCemeterywasnotallowedtoenter.Sowewentintothelobby,whichwasempty,butthegroundhadtobe20metersawayfromtheroof.Ibegantoadmiretheseancients.Howdidtheybuildthecitysohigh?Thisisstillamysteryinmyheart.Nottomentionthis,let'stakealookatZhongshanMausoleum.It'saverylargesite,whichcanshowourChinesenation'srespectforgreatpeople.Ataglance,thereisaslopeonbothsidesofthetree,whichleadsdirectlytothememorialhall.WhenIarrived,itwasclosed,butIwasshocked.HowtheybuiltsuchalargenationalnameandPartyemblemfirmlyonitisalsoamysteryinmyheart.Howhappythevisitis!南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞3XiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynastyislocatedatthefootofMountQomolangmainDulongFuwan,southofZhongshanMountaininNanjing.ItisthemausoleumofthefoundingemperorZhuYuanzhangandempressMaShi.Itisthefirstbatchofnationalkeyculturalrelicsprotectionunits.ThisroyalmausoleumoftheMingDynasty,whichhasahistoryofmorethan600years,isfamousforitsprominentowner,largescale,uniqueshapeandbeautifulenvironment.In2003,theMingXiaolingwassuccessfullydeclaredasaworldheritagesite,whichmadetheMingXiaoling,whichinitiatedtheimperialmausoleumsystemofMingandQingDynasties,becomethefocusofworldattention.Aftermorethan600yearsofhistoricalvicissitudes,thewoodenstructureofmanybuildingsnolongerexists,butallofitsarchitecturalremainsareintactinplace,thespatiallayoutisintact,andthenaturallandscapewheretheculturalremainsarelocatedisnotdamaged.Theyareenoughtoshowtheuniquedesignconcept,systempattern,constructionscaleandculturalvalueofMingXiaolinginthedevelopmentprocessofChineseimperialmausoleumArtisticachievements.Nowadays,theRoyalmausoleumsofMingandQingDynastiesdistributedinBeijing,Hubei,HebeiandotherprovincesandcitiesareallbuiltaccordingtotheregulationandmodeofMingXiaoling.Inthissense,MingXiaolingisamasterpieceofartandacomprehensiveachievementinthehighlymatureperiodofChineseculture.IthascreatedanewgenerationofMingandQingImperialMausoleumsandhasalonghistoryinthedevelopmentofChineseImperialMausoleumsThevalueandstatusofthemonument.Itisthecrystallizationofpoliticalthought,socialculture,aestheticconsciousness,architecturaltechnologyandnationalfinancialresourcesintheearlyMingDynasty.Thelayoutdesignandarchitecturalformofthemausoleumhavedistinctivestyleofthetimesandexemplaryspirit.ItnotonlyinheritedtheexcellentelementsoftheimperialmausoleumsystemofHan,TangandSongDynasties,butalsocreatedanewimperialmausoleumsystem.ThemausoleumsystemofXiaolinginMingDynastyregulatedtheoverallpatternandstyleofmausoleumconstructioninMingandQingDynastiesformorethan500years.Itsstatuswasloftyanditsinfluencewasfar-reaching.南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞4Deartourists,thescenicspotwearegoingtovisitistheMingXiaolingMausoleum,whichislocatedinDulong,Mt.Zijin.XiaolingTomboftheMingDynastyisthejointTombofZhuYuanzhang,thefounderoftheMingDynasty,andhisEmpressMaShi.ZhuYuanzhangwasbornin1328toapoorpeasantfamilyinFengyang,AnhuiProvince.HejoinedHuangjuetempleattheageof17,joinedtheredscarfarmyofGuoZixingattheendoftheYuanDynastyin1352,ledthearmytoconquerNanjingin1356,andascendedthethronein1368.XiaolingMausoleumofMingDynastywasbuiltin1381.In1382,itwasburiedinempressMaShi.In1398,itwasburiedhereafterZhuYuanzhangdiedofillness.Theprojectwasnotcompleteduntil1413.ItwasnamedXiaolingbecauseZhuYuanzhangadvocated"governingtheworldwithfilialpiety"ontheonehand,andbecauseempressMawasposthumouslynamed"Xiaoci"ontheother.Therefore,thetombwascalled"Xiaoling"intheMingDynastyand"Xiaoling"intheQingDynastytoshowthedifferencebetweendynasties.RelyingonZijinMountain,theMingXiaolingMausoleumhasawindingShinto.ThemausoleumabidesbythetraditionofChinesearchitecture,anditscentralaxisissymmetrical.ItisthefirstMausoleumofBaochengBaoding.ThemausoleumshapeoftheformerdynastyandthelaterDynastyisthefirstMausoleumoftheMingandQingDynastiesformorethan600years.Asanationalkeyculturalrelicprotectionunit,itwaslistedintheworldculturalheritagelistin2003.WhatweseenowisthefirstgateoftheMingXiaolingMausoleum,dajinmen.Inthosedays,a45Liexternalwallextendedfrombothsidesofdajinmen,includingthewholeZijinshan.Theroofandgateoftheoldgoldengate,whichwascoveredwithyellowglazedtiles,havedisappeared.Onlythecastleandthethreearches.Overthegoldengate,wecametoSifangcity.ItturnedouttobeastelePavilion.BecausethetopofthepavilionwasdestroyedbythewarinXianfengPeriodofQingDynasty,onlyfourwallsandfourdoorticketswereleft.Eachsideis26.86meterslong,justlikeanancientcastle.SoNanjingpeoplecommonlycallitSifangcity.Thereisatabletof"themiraculousworkoftheXiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynasty"inthecity,whichis6.7metershighIt's2.08metershighandcalledMian.It'ssaidthatit'soneoftheninesonsofthedragon.It'sveryheavy.ThistabletisthelargestMingtabletinNanjing.TheinscriptioniswrittenbyZhuDi,thefounderoftheMingDynasty.Ithas2746wordsandisdividedintosevenparts.First,itdescribeshislifeexperienceandwasborninJurongfamily.Second,itasksforthepeople'sordersandmakesagreatfortune.Third,itcalmsdowntheworld,ascendsthethroneandbecomesemperor,cezhonggongandthecrownprince,andisgrantedthesamesurname.Fourth,itabolishesZhongshuandsetsupsixdepartmentstotakechargeofmilitarypower.Fifth,itattachesimportancetotalentsandthestudyoffoundinganation;6、Helivedasimplelife,andaskedhimtobeburiedwithMaafterhisdeathinXiaoling;7.Thenameof57royalchildrenand144fourcharactereulogies,theinscriptionisahighpraiseofZhuYuanzhang'slife.ThecompletionofthemonumentofthegreatMingXiaolingwasin1413,whichmarkstheendoftheMingXiaolingproject.BehindZhuDi'sgreatcontributiontoZhuYuanzhang,infact,hebuiltuphisownprestigeinDashu,soastoshowthelegitimacyofinheritingthethrone.HeoriginallysenttensofthousandsofmigrantworkerstochiselahugesteleintheeasternsuburbofNanjing.Ifthecap,bodyandbaseofthestelewere72metershigh,theyweretoohugetocarry,sotheywereabandoned.AfterpassingtheYuhebridge,wecometotheShintooftheXiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynasty.TheShintoisdividedintotwosections.ThefirstsectionisShixiangroad.Onbothsidesoftheroad,therearesixkindsofStoneBeasts,fourineachgroup,standingonbothsidesandsquattingonbothsides.Kirinisthekingofanimals,symbolizingthemajestyofkings,andChina_slegendarylawbeast,symbolizingtheintegrityofkings;camelsaretheboatsofthedesert,showingthevastterritoryofMingDynastyandthetranquilityofthewesternregionsofthecountry;theelephantisasymbolofthecountryandthepeople,andthepeopleareobedient;theunicornisakindofmonsterofChinesemythologyandlegend,symbolizingthebenevolenceoftheemperor.Thelastanimaltoseeisahorse,whichsymbolizesloyaltytotheemperor.ThemainpurposeofplacingthesestonebeastsonbothsidesoftheShintoistorecordZhuYuanzhang'sachievements,toshowtheprosperityoftheMingDynasty,andtoprayforthesuppressionofdemonsandevilspirits.WalkingalongthestonestatueRoad,thesecondsectionofShinto,wengzhongRoad,liesahead.Thereisapairofpillarattheintersection,whichisalsocalledHuabiao.TheShintostandinginfrontofthemausoleumisalsocalledlingbiao.Thereisthefunctionofindicatingtheroadhere.Fromhere,Shintobeginstoturnduenorth.OnwengzhongRoad,thereweretwopairsofmilitarygenerals,whowerewearingarmorandholdingawatboardintheirhands.Theywereburly,andtwopairsofcivilministers,whowerewearingcourtclothesandholdingwatboardsintheirhands,weresolemn.Theyareapairofyoungpeopleandapairofmiddle-agedpeoplerespectively,whichindicatesthattherearesuccessorsinDaming.AttheendoftheShintoRoad,thereisaLingxinggatewithsixpillarsandthreegates.TheoriginalgatewasdestroyedinthewarinXianfengPeriodoftheQingDynasty.NowtheLingxinggateisrestoredin2007accordingtohistoricaldata.Thisistheceremonialgateforvisitingthemausoleum.OntheeastsideofShixiangRoad,thereisahillcalledMeihuaMountain.ShintoturnsabendaroundMeihuaMountain.ItturnsoutthatthismountainwasthemausoleumofSunQuanintheeasternWuDynasty.DuringtheconstructionoftheXiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynasty,someonesuggestedthatthismausoleumshouldberemoved.However,ZhuYuanzhangsaid,"SunQuanisalsoahero.Letmeseethegate."sotheShintocurvedandbecamethenaturalbarrieroftheXiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynasty.NowithasbecomeafamousplumappreciationbaseinNanjing.NowweseetheJinshuibridge.BehindtheJinshuibridgeisthemausoleumbuildingofXiaolingMausoleumofMingDynasty.TherewerefiveJinshuibridgesfacingthefivegatesofthemausoleumpalace,whichweredestroyedbythewarinXianfengPeriodofQingDynasty.OnlythreeofthemwererestoredinQingDynasty.WecanseethatthestonecarvingsonthebridgedeckandbridgefoundationarestillrelicsofMingDynasty,andthebridgerailingswererebuiltinQingDynasty.Startingfromhere,thebuildingisinaccordancewithChinesetradition,withthenorthfacingsouthandthecentralaxissymmetrical.Uptheslope,thefirstthingweseeisthesquaregateofWenwu,whichisthegateofthemausoleumpalace.Itsyellowtile,reddoorandredwallsetoffeachother,showingtheroyalstyle.Thisgatewasrebuiltin1988accordingtohistoricalmaterials.Infrontofthegate,ontheeastsideofthewall,thereisaspecialnoticetablet,whichwaserectedinthefirstyearofXuantong.ItiswritteninthecharactersofJapan,Germany,Italy,France,BritainandRussia.ThecontentistowarnvisitorstoprotectXiaoling.EnteringtheWenwusquaregate,wecometotheBeidian.TheBeidianwasoriginallythegateinfrontoftheXiaolinghall.BecausethegatewasdestroyedinthewaroftheTaipingHeavenlyKingdom,thedestroyedgatewasrebuiltintoaBeidianintheTongzhiperiodoftheQingDynasty.Therearefiveinscriptionsinthehall.Inthemiddleofthefiveinscriptions,"ZhilongTangandSongDynasty"isinscribedinthehandwritingofEmperorKangxi,whichmeansthatZhuYuanzhang'sachievementsingoverningthecountrysurpassthoseofEmperorTaizongLiShiminandEmperorSongtaiintheTangDynastyZhaoKuangyin.Kangxi,astheemperoroftheQingDynasty,showedhisrespectandadmirationforZhuYuanzhangontheonehand,andontheotherhand,hehadhisowngoodintentions.AtthebeginningofthereignofKangxi,theHanpeopledidnotaccepttheManchurule.KangxiknewthatitwasnotenoughtorelyontheManchu'shighpressurepolicyalone,butalsoontheHanpeople.HevisitedXiaolingofMingDynastysixtimesandfivetimesinhislife.Hekneltdownthreetimesandkowtowedninetimes.In1699,whenhevisitedXiaolingofMingDynastyforthethirdtime,hewrote"ZhilongTangandSongDynasty"towintheheartsofthepeople.NexttothemaretwostelesinscribedbyEmperorQianlongwhenhevisitedthemausoleum.Therearealsotwolyingstelesontheback,whichrespectivelyrecordthefirstandthirdvisitstoTaizumausoleumduringEmperorKangxi'ssoutherntour.TherearerecordswrittenbyTaoDai,governorofLiangjiangandCaoYin,weavingdoctorinJiangnan.ThisbuildingistheformersiteofXiaolinghall,whichisthemainbuildingofXiaoling.Youcanseethethree-storyxumizuoplatformbaseoftheoriginalwhitemarble.Theplatformbaseisthreemetershigh.Thefourcornersofthethree-storyplatformbasearestillleftwithstonecarvedhead.Therearethreestepsaroundtheplatformbase.It'sthemiddleoftheroad.Onthethirdfloorofxumizuoisthehallofenjoyment,whichisdedicatedtoZhuYuanzhangandempressma.TheoriginalpalacewasdestroyedbythewarinXianfengPeriodoftheQingDynasty.Nowwecansee56hugestonepillarsontheplatformfoundation,eachwithadiameterof0.91meters.It'seasytoimaginehowspectacularthehallwasatthattime.Atthattime,thehallofXiaolingwasnineroomswideandfiveroomsdeep,withdoubleeaves,coveredwithyellowglazedtilesandabucketarchoverhangingeaves.ThescaleofXiaolingwasmuchlargerthanthatofChanglingHallofMingChengzuinBeijing.WhatweseenowisthethreeBaysmallhallrestoredduringthereignofTongzhiintheQingDynasty,whichisnotaslargeasbefore.PassingthroughtheinnerredgateandtheShengxianbridge,thebuildinginfrontofyouisFangcheng.FangchengisahugebuildinginfrontofBaoding.Theoutsideismadeofbigstonesandhugebricks.ThereareeightcharacterwallsontheEastandwestsidesofFangcheng.Thefourcornersofthewallaredecoratedwithbrickcarvings.ThesebrickcarvingsarerepresentativeworksoftheearlyMingDynasty.Passingthroughthe54thlevelcorridorinthecenterofFangcheng,youcanseethesouthwallofBaocheng.Onthefrontofthewall,youcanseethatitisbuiltwith13layersofstones.ItissaidthatthesevencharacterswereengravedintheearlyyearsoftheRepublicofChinatoanswervisitors'questions.FromtheEast-WestcorridorbetweenBaochengandFangcheng,youcanclimbtotheminglou.Itwasoriginallyabeautifulbuildingwithdoubleeavesandyellowglazedtiles.ItwasdestroyedbythewaroftheTaipingHeavenlyKingdomintheQingDynasty.Onlyfourwallsareleft.In2009,theminglouprotectionprojectwascompleted,andithasbeenrestored.InJuly2009,theminglouwasofficiallyopenedtotourists,showingthedistributionofMingDynastyinChinaThereare19mausoleumsofemperorsinChina.BehindtheFangchengisBaoding,whichisalargeroundmoundwithadiameterof325-400m.Onthetopofthemoundaretoweringtrees,andbelowitisthepalacewhereempressMaofZhuYuanzhangwasburied.Baochengisabrickcitywithacircumferenceof1100metersaroundBaoding.TheimperialmausoleuminBaodingofBaochengcityisthefirstmausoleuminMingandQingDynastiesformorethan500years.It'sjustthattheMingDynasty'stopisroughlyround,whiletheQingDynasty'sMausoleum'stopisoval.Today,theeastsideoftheXiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynastyhaspreservedthesiteoftheDonglingMausoleumofZhuBiao,PrinceoftheMingDynasty.InancientChina,theimperialmausoleumwasoriginallybuiltinFangshangofQinandHanDynasties.TherepresentativemausoleumwasQinshihuangMausoleuminShaanxiProvince.InTangDynasty,itwaschangedtothemausoleumnearthemountain.TherepresentativemausoleumincludedTangQianlingMausoleumofLiZhi,EmperorGaozongofTangDynastyandEmpressWuZetianofShaanxiProvince.InSongDynasty,theimperialmausoleumwasbuiltinFangshangofrelativelysmallscale.InMingDynasty,ZhuYuanzhanginitiatedthemausoleumformofBaochengBaodingmausoleumandformerdynastyandlaterDynastymausoleum.TheMingDynastyestablisheditscapitalin1368andperishedin1644.Therewere16emperorsbeforeandafterit.ExceptfortheMingXiaolingMausoleuminNanjing,therestofthemausoleumswereinBeijing.OnlyJianwenEmperorZhuYunwenhadnomausoleum.ManytombsoftheMingDynastyhaveleftuscountlessplacestowatch.AstheremainsofChineseculture,ancientChinesemausoleumshaveleftimportantmaterialmaterialsforlatergenerationstostudyandunderstandancientChineseeconomyandculture.Deartouristfriends,today'svisitiscomingtoanend.Thankyouforyourcooperationinmytourguidework.WelcometovisitMingXiaolingagain!南京明孝陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞5XiaolingMausoleumoftheMingDynastyislocatedatthefootofMountQomolangmainDulongFuwan,southofZhongshanMountainin
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