《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝》課件-3.9.1 組合結(jié)構(gòu)概述

3.9.1組合結(jié)構(gòu)

3.9.1CombinedStructure一、概論First，Introduction二、鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)Second,steelandconcretecomposite

structure三、鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)的分類(lèi)及優(yōu)點(diǎn)Third,theclassificationandadvantagesofsteelandconcretecompositestructure一、概論First，Overview由兩種或兩種以上性質(zhì)不同的材料組合成整體，共同受力、協(xié)調(diào)變形的結(jié)構(gòu)，稱(chēng)為組合構(gòu)件。Astructureinwhichtwoormorematerialswithdifferentpropertiesarecombinedintoawhole,withcommonforceandcoordinateddeformation,iscalledacompositemember.定義definition鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)是其中較為常見(jiàn)的一種，也是土木工程領(lǐng)域日益廣泛采用的一種結(jié)構(gòu)體系，為此，本講將詳細(xì)講述這種組合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)造和設(shè)計(jì)。Steelandconcretecompositestructureisoneofthemorecommon,anditisalsoastructuralsystemthatisincreasinglyusedinthefieldofcivilengineering,sothislecturewilldescribetheconstructionanddesignofthiscompositestructureindetail.專(zhuān)指型鋼或用鋼板焊接成的鋼骨架Refersspecificallytosectionsteelorsteelskeletonweldedwithsteelplates？鋼筋混凝土梁Reinforcedconcretebeams鋼筋混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)

FeaturesofreinforcedconcretecompositestructuresPPDPDP鋼筋混凝土梁Reinforcedconcretebeams素混凝土梁PlainconcretebeamsPD鋼筋混凝土梁Reinforcedconcretebeams素混凝土梁Plainconcretebeams充分發(fā)揮混凝土抗壓性能Givefullplaytothecompressivepropertiesofconcrete增強(qiáng)梁的剛度、強(qiáng)度和延性Enhancethestiffness,strengthandductilityofthebeam均勻裂縫HomogeneouscracksD鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)Combinedsteelandconcretestructure木結(jié)構(gòu)timberwork砌體結(jié)構(gòu)Masonrystructures鋼結(jié)構(gòu)steelstructure鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)Reinforcedconcretestructure施工方便Convenientconstruction造價(jià)相對(duì)較低Thecostisrelativelylow承載力高Highbearingcapacity剛度和延性大Highstiffnessandductility抗震性能好Goodseismicperformance二、鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)

Second,steelandconcretecompositestructure50多年來(lái)組合結(jié)構(gòu)的研究與應(yīng)用得到迅速發(fā)展，至今已成為一種公認(rèn)的新的結(jié)構(gòu)體系。其與傳統(tǒng)的四大結(jié)構(gòu)并列，已擴(kuò)展成為第五大結(jié)構(gòu)。Formorethan50years,theresearchandapplicationofcombinedstructurehasdevelopedrapidly,andithasbecomearecognizednewstructuralsystem.Itisjuxtaposedwiththetraditionalfourmajorstructuresandhasbeenexpandedtobecomethefifthmajorstructure.第五大結(jié)構(gòu)體系Thefifthmajorstructuralsystem鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)Combinedsteelandconcretestructure木結(jié)構(gòu)timberwork砌體結(jié)構(gòu)Masonrystructures鋼結(jié)構(gòu)steelstructure鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)Reinforcedconcretestructure施工方便Convenientconstruction造價(jià)相對(duì)較低Thecostisrelativelylow承載力高Highbearingcapacity剛度和延性大Highstiffnessandductility抗震性能好Goodseismicperformance五大類(lèi)Fivecategories二、鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)

Second,steelandconcretecompositestructure鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)依照鋼材形式與配鋼方式不同又有多種類(lèi)型，并且一些新的結(jié)構(gòu)形式仍在不斷出現(xiàn)。目前研究較為成熟與應(yīng)用較多的主要五種類(lèi)型。Therearemanytypesofsteelandconcretecompositestructuresaccordingtothesteelformandsteelpreparationmethod,andsomenewstructuralformsarestillemerging.Atpresent,therearefivemaintypesofresearchthataremorematureandwidelyused.三、鋼與混凝土組合結(jié)構(gòu)的分類(lèi)及優(yōu)點(diǎn)

Third,theclassificationandadvantagesofsteelandconcretecompositestructure五大類(lèi)Fivecategories壓型鋼板與混凝土組合板Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate鋼與混凝土組合梁Steelandconcretecompositebeams型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)Sectionsteelconcretestructure鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)Steeltubularconcretestructure外包鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)Outsourcingofsteelconcretestructures1.壓型鋼板與混凝土組合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate定義definition在各種形式凹凸肋或各種形式槽紋的壓型鋼板上澆注混凝土而形成的組合板，Compositeplatesformedbypouringconcreteonprofiledsteelplatesofvariousformsofconcaveandconvexribsorvariousformsofgrooves,依靠凹凸肋及不同的槽紋使鋼板與混凝土組合在一起。Relyingonunevenribsanddifferentgroovestocombinesteelplatesandconcrete.壓型鋼板與混凝土組合板的形式Theformofprofiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate1.壓型鋼板與混凝土組合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate1.壓型鋼板與混凝土組合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate優(yōu)點(diǎn)advantages壓型鋼板可以作為現(xiàn)澆混凝土的永久模板。這樣就省掉了施工中安裝和拆除模板等工序，從而節(jié)省了時(shí)間和勞動(dòng)力。Profiledsteelplatescanbeusedaspermanentformworkforcast-in-placeconcrete.Thiseliminatestheneedforinstallationandremovalofformworkduringconstruction,savingtimeandlabor.當(dāng)壓型鋼板安裝好以后將可以作為施工平臺(tái)使用。同時(shí)由于不必使用臨時(shí)支撐，也不影響下一層施工平面的工作。Whentheprofiledsteelplateisinstalled,itcanbeusedasaconstructionplatform.Atthesametime,sincethereisnoneedtousetemporarysupports,itdoesnotaffecttheworkofthenextconstructionplane.壓型鋼板可以作為樓板的底筋使用，減少了安裝板筋的工作量。根據(jù)壓型鋼板的不同截面形狀，最多可以減少30％的樓板混凝土用量。減少的樓板自重又可以相應(yīng)的減少梁、柱和基礎(chǔ)的尺寸，提高了結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性能。Theprofiledsteelplatecanbeusedasthebottombarofthefloorslab,whichreducestheworkloadofinstallingtheplatereinforcement.Dependingonthecross-sectionalshapeoftheprofiledsteelplate,theamountoffloorconcreteusedcanbereducedbyupto30%.Thereducedfloorweightcancorrespondinglyreducethesizeofbeams,columnsandfoundations,improvingtheoverallperformanceofthestructure.1.壓型鋼板與混凝土組合板

1.Profiledsteelplateandconcretecompositeplate優(yōu)點(diǎn)advantages壓型鋼板的肋部可以放置水電管線(xiàn)，從而使結(jié)構(gòu)層與管線(xiàn)合為一體，間接地加大了層高或降低了建筑高度，給建筑設(shè)計(jì)帶來(lái)靈活性。Theribsoftheprofiledsteelplatecanplacewaterandelectricitypipelines,sothatthestructurallayerandthepipelineareintegrated,whichindirectlyincreasestheheightofthefloororreducestheheightofthebuilding,bringingflexibilitytothebuildingdesign.在施工階段，壓型鋼板可作為鋼梁的連續(xù)側(cè)向支撐，提高了鋼梁的整體穩(wěn)定承載力；在使用階段，提高了鋼梁的整體穩(wěn)定性和上翼緣的局部穩(wěn)定性。Intheconstructionstage,theprofiledsteelplatecanbeusedasacontinuouslateralsupportforthesteelbeam,whichimprovestheoverallstablebearingcapacityofthesteelbeam;Intheusestage,theoverallstabilityofthesteelbeamandthelocalstabilityoftheupperflangeareimproved.以上幾個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)都可以相當(dāng)大程度地縮短施工時(shí)間，取得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。Theaboveadvantagescangreatlyshortentheconstructiontimeandachievegoodeconomicbenefits.2.鋼與混凝土組合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam定義definition將型鋼梁與混凝土翼板通過(guò)抗剪連接件相連在一起形成一個(gè)整體共同工作的組合梁。Thesectionsteelbeamandtheconcretewingplateareconnectedtogetherbyshearconnectorstoformacompositebeamthatworkstogetherasawhole.混凝土板可以是現(xiàn)澆混凝土板，也可以是預(yù)制混凝土板、壓型鋼板混凝土組合板或預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土板。Concreteslabscanbecast-in-placeconcreteslabs,precastconcreteslabs,profiledsteelslabconcretecompositeslabs,orprestressedconcreteslabs.鋼梁可以用軋制或焊接鋼梁。鋼梁形式有工字鋼、槽鋼或箱形鋼梁。混凝土板與鋼梁之間用剪切連接件連接，使混凝土板作為梁的翼緣與鋼梁組合在一起，整體共同作用形成組合T形梁。Steelbeamscanberolledorwelded.SteelbeamsareavailableinI-beam,channelorbox-shapedbeams.Theconcreteslabandthesteelbeamareconnectedbyshearconnectors,sothattheconcreteslabiscombinedwiththesteelbeamastheflangeofthebeam,andthewholeworkstogethertoformacombinedT-shapedbeam.2.鋼與混凝土組合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam帶板托的組合梁Compositebeamwithplatesupport無(wú)板托的組合梁Compositebeamwithoutplatesupport組合梁的形式Theformofacompositebeam2.鋼與混凝土組合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam張江立交改建工程ZhangjiangInterchangeReconstructionProject組合箱梁截面組合板梁截面優(yōu)點(diǎn)advantages節(jié)省鋼材，降低造價(jià)。增加了預(yù)制環(huán)節(jié)，為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工爭(zhēng)取了時(shí)間。Savesteelandreducecost.Theadditionofprefabricationlinksboughttimeforon-siteconstruction.使混凝土受壓，鋼梁主要是受拉與受剪，受力合理強(qiáng)度與剛度顯著提高，充分利用了混凝土的有利作用。并且由于側(cè)向剛度大的混凝土板與鋼梁組合連接在一起，很大程度上避免了鋼結(jié)構(gòu)容易發(fā)生整體失穩(wěn)與局部失穩(wěn)的弱點(diǎn)。Theconcreteiscompressed,thesteelbeamismainlytensileandsheared,thereasonablestrengthandstiffnessaresignificantlyimproved,andthefavorableroleofconcreteisfullyutilized.Andbecausetheconcreteslabwithlargelateralstiffnessisconnectedwiththesteelbeam,theweaknessofthesteelstructureispronetooverallinstabilityandlocalinstabilityislargelyavoided.2.鋼與混凝土組合梁

2.Steelandconcretecompositebeam3.型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure定義definition型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)又稱(chēng)鋼骨混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)或勁性鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，Steelconcretestructureisalsoknownassteelframeconcretestructureorrigidreinforcedconcretestructure,根據(jù)配鋼形式的不同，型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)可以分為實(shí)腹式配鋼和空腹式配鋼。Accordingtothedifferentformsofsteelformulation,thesectionsteelconcretestructurecanbedividedintosolidbellysteelandfastingsteelpreparation.是在混凝土中主要配置型鋼、并配有一定縱向鋼筋和箍筋的結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisastructurethatismainlyequippedwithsectionsteelinconcreteandequippedwithcertainlongitudinalsteelbarsandstirrups.3.型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure北京國(guó)貿(mào)三期BeijingGuomaoPhaseIII3.型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure優(yōu)點(diǎn)advantages在混凝土中配置的是型鋼，這些型鋼可以是軋制的也可以是焊接的。一般在大型建筑中經(jīng)常配置焊接型鋼，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)件截面大小、受力特點(diǎn)，考慮到受力的合理性，靈活的選擇焊接型鋼各個(gè)板件寬度與厚度。Configuredinconcretearesectionsteels,whichcanberolledorwelded.Generally,weldedsectionsteelisoftenconfiguredinlargebuildings,andthewidthandthicknessofeachplateofweldedsectionsteelcanbeflexiblyselectedaccordingtothesizeofthecomponentsectionandthecharacteristicsoftheforce,takingintoaccounttherationalityoftheforce.3.型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

3.Sectionsteelconcretestructure優(yōu)點(diǎn)advantages型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)不僅強(qiáng)度、剛度明顯增加，而且延性獲得很大的提高，從而成為一種抗震性能很好的結(jié)構(gòu)，所有尤其適用于地震區(qū)。Thesteelconcretestructurenotonlyincreasesthestrengthandstiffnesssignificantly,butalsogreatlyimprovestheductility,thusbecomingastructurewithgoodseismicperformance,especiallysuitableforearthquakeareas.比起鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，采用型鋼混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)省了大量鋼材，降低了造價(jià)，而且避免了鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑防銹、防腐蝕、防火性能差，需要經(jīng)常性維護(hù)等弱點(diǎn)。Comparedwithsteelstructurebuildings,theuseofsectionsteelconcretestructuresavesalotofsteel,reducesthecost,andavoidstheweaknessesofsteelstructurebuildingssuchasrustprevention,corrosionprevention,poorfireperformance,andfrequentmaintenance.4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure定義definition鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)是在鋼管內(nèi)填充混凝土而形成的結(jié)構(gòu)。Steeltubeconcretestructureisastructureformedbyfillingconcreteinsideasteelpipe.在鋼管內(nèi)可以配置鋼筋，也可以只填充混凝土。Steelbarscanbeconfiguredinsidethesteelpipe,oronlyconcretecanbefilled.按截面形式的不同，可分為圓鋼管混凝土、方鋼管混凝土和多邊形鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)。Accordingtothedifferentcross-sectionalforms,itcanbedividedintoroundsteeltubeconcrete,squaresteeltubeconcreteandpolygonalsteeltubeconcretestructure.4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure圓鋼管混凝土Roundsteeltubeconcrete方鋼管混凝土Squaresteeltubeconcrete矩形鋼管混凝土Rectangularsteeltubeconcrete鋼管混凝土截面形式Steeltubeconcretesectionform4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure鋼管混凝土節(jié)點(diǎn)形式Steeltubeconcretenodeform4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure（1）圓鋼管混凝土柱的特點(diǎn)：(1)Characteristicsofroundsteeltubeconcretecolumns:

利用鋼管約束混凝土，將混凝土由單向受壓轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿蚴軌?。鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)充分發(fā)揮混凝土和鋼材各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，避免了鋼材特別是薄壁鋼材容易失穩(wěn)的缺點(diǎn)，所以受力合理，大大節(jié)省材料。Thesteelpipeisusedtoconstraintheconcreteandtransformtheconcretefromone-waycompressiontothree-waycompression.Thesteeltubeconcretestructuregivesfullplaytotherespectiveadvantagesofconcreteandsteel,andavoidstheshortcomingsofsteel,especiallythin-walledsteel,whichiseasytoinstability,sotheforceisreasonable,andthematerialisgreatlysaved.圓鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的最大弱點(diǎn)是圓形截面的柱與矩形截面的梁連接比較復(fù)雜，是推廣圓鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的一大障礙。Thebiggestweaknessofroundsteeltubeconcretestructureisthatthecolumnofcircularsectionandthebeamconnectionofrectangularsectionarerelativelycomplicated,whichisamajorobstacletothepromotionofroundsteeltubeconcretestructure.4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure（1）圓鋼管混凝土柱的特點(diǎn)：(1)Characteristicsofroundsteeltubeconcretecolumns:

利用鋼管約束混凝土，將混凝土由單向受壓轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿蚴軌?。鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)充分發(fā)揮混凝土和鋼材各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，避免了鋼材特別是薄壁鋼材容易失穩(wěn)的缺點(diǎn)，所以受力合理，大大節(jié)省材料。Thesteelpipeisusedtoconstraintheconcreteandtransformtheconcretefromone-waycompressiontothree-waycompression.Thesteeltubeconcretestructuregivesfullplaytotherespectiveadvantagesofconcreteandsteel,andavoidstheshortcomingsofsteel,especiallythin-walledsteel,whichiseasytoinstability,sotheforceisreasonable,andthematerialisgreatlysaved.圓鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的最大弱點(diǎn)是圓形截面的柱與矩形截面的梁連接比較復(fù)雜，是推廣圓鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的一大障礙。Thebiggestweaknessofroundsteeltubeconcretestructureisthatthecolumnofcircularsectionandthebeamconnectionofrectangularsectionarerelativelycomplicated,whichisamajorobstacletothepromotionofroundsteeltubeconcretestructure.4.鋼管混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)

4.Steeltubeconcretestructure(2)方鋼管混凝土柱的特點(diǎn)：(2)Characteristicsofsquaresteelpipeconcretecolumn:克服了圓鋼管混凝土柱的一些缺點(diǎn)?？梢杂米髌氖軌褐课莸耐庥^較好；連接面為平面，節(jié)點(diǎn)構(gòu)造比較簡(jiǎn)單；方鋼管構(gòu)成封閉截面，自身剛度較大；由于鋼材都分布于截面外邊，抗彎承載力較高；鋼板為連續(xù)配置，提高了對(duì)混凝土的約束作用，故構(gòu)件的延性比鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)明顯提高；省去模板，方便施工。Someshortcomingsofroundsteeltubeconcretecolumnsareovercome.Itcanbeusedasaneccentriccompressioncolumn,andtheappearanceofthehouseisbetter;Theconnectionsurfaceisflat,andthenodestructureisrelativelysimple;Thesquaresteelpipeconstitutesaclosedsectionandhasalargerigidity;Sincethesteelisdistributedoutsidethecross-secti