2021-2022學(xué)年上海市金山區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題及答案

2021-2022學(xué)年上海市金山區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題及答案（考試時間：120分鐘滿分：140分）第I卷（共95分）I.ListeningComprehension(25%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.March.B.May.C.June.D.July.2.A.BycarB.Bybus.C.Bytrain.D.Onfoot.3.A.Chooseanewdentist.B.Curethepainbyherself.C.Makeanappointmentwithherdentist.D.Askfortherightwaytobrushherteeth.4.A.Abusdriver.B.Anairlineticketagent.C.Apostofficeclerk.D.Adepartmentstoresalesperson.5.A.Closethewindow.B.Preparetheirclothes.C.Lockthesuitcase.D.Callataxi.6.A.Takeadayofffromwork.B.Goandjointhepeopleintheoffice.C.Findmorepeopletohelpwiththemove.D.Movetoanewplaceatfreetime.7.A.Findalargerroom.B.Selltheoldtable.C.Buytwobookshelves.D.Rearrangesomefurniture.8.A.Hewantstospendmoretimewithhisfamily.B.Hedoesn’tthinkheiscapableofdoingthejob.C.Hethinksthepayistoolowtosupporthisfamily.D.Hedoesn’tenjoybusinesstripsasmuchasheusedto.9.A.Themaniswillingtohelpthewoman.B.Themanislosingpatiencewiththewoman.C.ThewomanwillletBobchatwiththeman.D.Themanhasalreadyfinishedhisproject.10.A.ThewomanbelievesthatPetercangiveupsmoking.B.Peterfindsiteasytogiveupsmoking.C.Peterhasnotgivenupsmoking.D.Peterhasconvincedthewomanthathecangiveupsmoking.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandoneconversation.Youwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassagesandfourquestionsfortheconversation.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Nowteleshoppingispopularinalmosteverycountryintheworld.B.PeoplecanshopthingsfromthebiggestEuropeancompanyonTV.C.Frenchmenspendabout$20millionayearbuyingthingsonTV.D.MoreTVchannelscanopenfortelebusinessinAmerica.12.A.TheyhavetostayathomeandwatchTV.B.Theythinkit’sanewwayofbuyingthings.C.Theyarenotsureaboutthequalityofthegoods.D.Theyworryaboutthesafetyoftheirpersonalinformation.13.A.Popularityofteleshopping.B.Advantagesofteleshopping.C.Futureofteleshopping.D.Convenienceofteleshopping.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Herweightwasaboveaverage.B.Shehadgoodmemory.C.Shegotastomachache.D.Shehadnotroublesleeping.15.A.Shedidn’ttakemedicineasthespecialistasked.B.Shewassensitivetowhatsheate,breathedandtouched.C.Sheavoidedsomeofthethingsthatmakeherhealthy.D.Herroommatescouldn’tunderstandherwell.16.A.ShehasgraduatedfromCambridge.B.Sheisnotconfidentaboutherfuturejob.C.SheplanstomovetoLondonandfindajobthere.DShehastodependonsleepingpillsatnight.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingdialogue.17.A.Theticketshavetobebookedinadvance.B.Itwillbeperformedat6p.m.C.Therewillbetwoperformances.DItwillbeonatthetheatre.18.A.ThePiazza.B.TheConcertHall.C.Thetheatre.D.TheTownHall.19.A.$8.B.$10.C.$15.D.$20.20.A.ArtExhibition.B.BalletPerformance.C.MaskParty.D.LivingTheatre.II.GrammarandVocabulary(20%)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheisgoingtoexperience____1____unwelcomesurprise.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer(鎖止器),andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensurethat____2____thethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.Theideagoeslikethis.Acontrolboxfittedtothecarcontainsamini-cellphone,amicro-processorandmemory,andaGPS(全球定位系統(tǒng))satellitepositioningreceiver.Ifthecarisstolen,acodedcellphonesignalwilltellthecontrolcentertoblockthevehicle’senginemanagementsystemandpreventtheengine____3____beingrestarted.IntheUK,asetoftechnicalfixesisalreadymakinglifeharderforcarthieves.“Thepatternofvehiclecrimehaschanged,”saysMartynRandall,asecurityexpert.Hesays____4____wouldonlytakehimafewminutestoteachapersonhowtostealacar,usingabareminimumoftools.Butonlyifthecarismorethan10yearsold.Moderncarsaremuch____5____(tough)tosteal,____6____theirenginemanagementcomputerwon’tallowthemtostartunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignition(點(diǎn)火)key.IntheUK,technologieslikethis____7____(help)achievea31%dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.Butdeterminedcriminalsarestillmanagingtofindotherwaystostealcars,oftenbygettingholdoftheowner’skeys.Andkeytheftisresponsiblefor40%ofthetheftsofvehiclesfittedwitha____8____(track)system.Ifthecartravels100metreswithoutthedriverconfirmingtheirID,thesystemwillsendasignaltoanoperationscentre____9____ithasbeenstolen.ThehundredmetresminimumavoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.Staffatthecentrewillthencontacttheowner_____10_____(confirm)thatthecarreallyismissing,andkeeppoliceinformedofthevehicle’smovementsviathecar’sGPSunit.【1~10題答案】【答案】1.an2.once##if##when3.from4.it5.tougher6.as##because##since7.havehelped8tracking9.that10.toconfirm【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了現(xiàn)代汽車很難被盜走，其背后是一系列技術(shù)的支持。【1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：但他將經(jīng)歷一個不受歡迎的驚喜。根據(jù)句意表示泛指“一個不受歡迎的驚喜”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞來修飾，unwelcome首字母的發(fā)音為元音音素，故填an?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：這輛車配備了遠(yuǎn)程制動裝置，來自數(shù)英里外控制中心的無線電信號將確保小偷一旦關(guān)閉引擎/如果關(guān)閉引擎/當(dāng)關(guān)閉引擎時，就無法再次啟動。根據(jù)句意可知，此處可以表示“一旦關(guān)閉引擎/如果關(guān)閉引擎”，可用once/if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，也可表示“當(dāng)關(guān)閉引擎時”，用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故填once/if/when。【3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：如果汽車被盜，一個編碼的手機(jī)信號會告訴控制中心關(guān)閉汽車的引擎管理系統(tǒng)，防止引擎重新啟動。prevent…from“阻止……”為固定用法。故填from?！?題詳解】考查代詞。句意：他說，教一個人如何用最少的工具偷一輛車只需要幾分鐘。Ittakes/tooksb.+時間+todosth.意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間”，it做形式主語，動詞不定式作真正主語。故填it。【5題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：現(xiàn)代汽車更難被偷，因?yàn)樗鼈兊囊婀芾碛?jì)算機(jī)不允許它們啟動，除非它們收到點(diǎn)火鑰匙發(fā)出的唯一ID代碼。根據(jù)句意和much可知，此處表示“現(xiàn)代汽車更難偷走”，所以空處為形容詞比較級tougher。故填tougher?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：現(xiàn)代汽車更難被偷，因?yàn)樗鼈兊囊婀芾碛?jì)算機(jī)不允許它們啟動，除非它們收到點(diǎn)火鑰匙發(fā)出的唯一ID代碼。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“因?yàn)椤?，?yīng)用連詞as/because/since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填as/because/since。【7題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：在英國，自1997年以來，類似的技術(shù)已經(jīng)幫助車輛相關(guān)犯罪下降了31%。根據(jù)“since1997”可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語technologies是復(fù)數(shù)。故填havehelped。【8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：裝有跟蹤系統(tǒng)的車輛40%的失竊都是鑰匙被盜造成的。本句為動名詞作定語，trackingsystem意為“跟蹤系統(tǒng)”。故填tracking。【9題詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：如果汽車行駛100米而司機(jī)未確認(rèn)身份，系統(tǒng)將向操作中心發(fā)送信號，表明汽車被盜。“ithasbeenstolen”為同位語從句，用來解釋說明signal(信號)，且句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，連接詞為that。故填that?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：該中心的工作人員隨后會聯(lián)系車主，確認(rèn)汽車確實(shí)丟失了，并通過汽車的GPS裝置向警方通報車輛的動向。本句為動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填toconfirm。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.necessitiesB.decliningC.exploitedD.cheatingE.informalF.unbankedG.monitorH.withdrawalsI.scannedJ.increasinglyK.legally“Youcan’tpaycashhere”:howournewlycashlesssocietyharmsthemostvulnerableIthadtakensomuchforTina,47,togettothesupermarket;togohomeempty-handedleftherintears.Atthetill,thecheckoutassistant____11____Tina'sitemsandwavedhercashaway."Youcan'tpaycashinhere,"shetoldTina.Tinaisoneofthemanypeoplewhohavestruggledtopurchase____12____duringthecoronaviruspandemic,asretailers____13____refusetotakecash.TheUKhasbeenmovingtowardsacashlesseconomyforsometime,withATMusage_____14_____atabout6%to10%ayear.ButCovid-19superchargedthistransition."Duringlockdown,cash____15____fromATMsweredownabout60%,"saysNatalieCeeneyoftheAccesstoCashReview."That'sahugedrop."Butfortheapproximately1.2millionpeoplelivingintheUKwhoare____16____,buyingessentialsbecameaherculeanundertaking."PeoplewithoutlegalimmigrationstatusintheUKarenot_____17_____allowedtoopenabankaccount,"saysJamesTullettofthemigrantandrefugeecharityRamfel.Whenshopsrefusetotakecashfromthesepeople,theyarelikelytouse____18____services,whicharemoreopentobeing___19___,Tullettadds.Itisnotonlyunbankedpeoplewhowillhavestruggledduringthepandemic.Domesticabusesurvivorsoftensquirrelawayemergencycash.Manyabusers_____20_____banktransactions,leavingsurvivorsreliantoncash."Cashisreallythebicycleofpayments,"saysBrettScott,authorof'TheHeretic'sGuidetoGlobalFinance'."Weneedtohaveamultimodalformofpaymentsystems…cashandcardworkingtogether,justasbicycleandcarlanesgotogether."【11~20題答案】【答案】11.I12.A13.J14.B15.H16.F17.K18.E19.D20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章指出在新冠疫情的影響下，在英國人們提取現(xiàn)金的次數(shù)急劇下降，零售商鋪開始拒收現(xiàn)金，導(dǎo)致約120萬沒有合法移民身份的居民無法通過現(xiàn)金購買生活必需品。【11題詳解】考查動詞。句意：在收銀臺，收銀員掃了Tina的東西，拒收了她的現(xiàn)金。這里描述的是超市收銀的流程，先掃描商品的條形碼，再付款，用scanned表示“掃描”。故選I項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：Tina是新冠疫情期間購買生活必需品遇到困難的廣大人群之一，就因?yàn)榱闶凵毯戏ǖ鼐苁宅F(xiàn)金。這里空白處作purchase的賓語，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)當(dāng)指疫情期間購買必需品，用necessities表示。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：Tina是新冠疫情期間購買生活必需品遇到困難的廣大人群之一，就因?yàn)榱闶凵淘絹碓蕉嗟鼐苁宅F(xiàn)金?？瞻滋幮揎椫^語動詞refuse，根據(jù)句意，考慮副詞increasingly，表示“越來越多地，逐漸”，即該現(xiàn)象越來越普遍。故選J項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：英國已經(jīng)向無現(xiàn)金經(jīng)濟(jì)推進(jìn)一段時間了，期間ATM的使用率每年下降6到10個百分點(diǎn)。根據(jù)atabout6%to10%ayear可知，人們對自動取款機(jī)的使用率應(yīng)該是逐漸下降的，這里符合with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，用現(xiàn)在分詞declining表示“下降”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：疫情期間，從ATM取出的現(xiàn)金減少了約60%。根據(jù)fromATMsweredownabout60%，可知，這里用cashwithdrawals表示“現(xiàn)金取款”。故選H項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：但是對于居住在英國的約120萬沒有銀行賬戶的人來說，購買必需品卻難比登天。根據(jù)buyingessentialsbecameaherculeanundertaking.可知，這里所指的難以購買必需品、即只能現(xiàn)金支付的人，就是沒有銀行賬戶的人，用unbanked來表示，與下文中unbankedpeople呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在英國沒有合法移民身份的人，依法是不允許開銀行賬戶的?？瞻滋幮揎椫^語動詞isallowed，考慮副詞，根據(jù)句意，要用legally表示“合法地”。故選K項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)商鋪拒收這些人的現(xiàn)金時，他們可能會用一些非正式的服務(wù)，而這些服務(wù)更容易出現(xiàn)詐騙。既然正當(dāng)?shù)默F(xiàn)金支付不被接受，人們應(yīng)該會選擇不正式、不正當(dāng)?shù)耐緩剑@里用informal表示“非正式的”。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)商鋪拒收這些人的現(xiàn)金時，他們可能會用一些非正式的服務(wù)，而這些服務(wù)更容易出現(xiàn)詐騙。根據(jù)theyarelikelytouse8services，可知，不太正當(dāng)?shù)耐緩饺鄙俦O(jiān)管，自然容易發(fā)生詐騙等現(xiàn)象，這里用cheating表示“欺騙，詐騙”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意：很多施虐者都監(jiān)控著銀行交易，使得幸存者依賴現(xiàn)金。從狀語部分內(nèi)容來看，這里指家庭暴力中強(qiáng)勢的一方管控、監(jiān)控著銀行賬戶，用monitor表示“監(jiān)控”。故選G項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(45%)SectionA(15%)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Wehavebeenputtingsmartwomenonthecouchfor40yearswithoutmakingfulluseoftheirtalent.Todaytheportionoftopjobsthatgotowomenisstill____21____low.Whyaren’tmorewomenrunningthingsinAmerica?Itisn’tforlackofambitionorqualifications.Thereal____22____togettingmorewomentothetopisthedifficultissueoftimecommitment:Today’stopjobsinmajororganizations____23____60-plushoursofworkaweek.Isn’tittoomuch?Butforbusinessesandreformersareseriousaboutmakingtheircompanies____24____forthelargenumberofAmericantalentedwomen,herearethreewaystohandleit.Re-thinktime.Wecanbreakawayfromthe____25____thathigh-levelworkcanbedoneonlybypeoplewhoworkextratime.Maybeworkingtimecanbeshortenedbysettingtherightamountofworkthatneedstogetdone.Seniorrolesshouldactuallybeeasiertoadaptinthiswaybecausehighlypaidpeoplehavethedesiretogiveupsome____26____inordertoworkless.Availabilitymatters.It’simportanttodifferbetweenavailabilityandabsolutetimecommitment.Manyprofessionalwomenwould____27____agreetocheckemailsevendaysaweekandcometooffice,ifnecessary,foranintenseproject—solongasoverthecourseofayear,thetimedevotedtoworkismore____28____.Managersneedtoknowthat24/7availabilityisnotthesamethingasa24/7____29____.Qualityisthegoal,notquantity.Leadersneedtocreatea_____30_____inwhichtalentedpeoplearejudgednotbythequantityoftheirwork,butbythequalityoftheir_____31_____.Onewhoworks20hoursaweekandwhodeliversexceptionalresultsonaprorata(攤派)basisshouldbequalifiedfor_____32_____andviewedasatopperformer.“Devotion”mayhelptalentedwomenwhocanlivewiththewaythattopjobsrequiretoday—andifthat’stheir_____33_____,givemorepowertothem.Butonlyasmallpercentageofwomenwillchoosethisroute.Untiltherestofusgetseriousabout_____34_____thepresentwaythatworkgetsdoneinAmericancorporations,wecanonlycomplainaboutthe_____35_____ofitallwhilechangingalmostnothing.21.A.shockingly B.probably C.relatively D.consequently22.A.desire B.barrier C.challenge D.solution23.A.promise B.suggest C.exceed D.demand24.A.cautious B.grateful C.inevitable D.hopeful25.A.myth B.corporation C.executive D.novelty26.A.time B.income C.freedom D.promotion27.A.happily B.reluctantly C.hesitantly D.rapidly28.A.expected B.paid C.limited D.excluded29.A.workload B.ambition C.management D.performance30.A.regulation B.situation C.civilization D.culture31.A.responsibilities B.contributions C.donations D.commitments32.A.devotion B.supervision C.promotion D.employment33.A.path B.advantage C.principle D.choice34.A.altering B.considering C.criticizing D.fighting35.A.competition B.pressure C.injustice D.cruelty【21~35題答案】【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.D25.A26.B27.A28.C29.A30.D31.B32.C33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是美國職場女性占比很少，以及公司想要招進(jìn)有才能女性的三個辦法。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，女性擔(dān)任高級職位的比例仍然低得驚人。A.shockingly驚人的；B.probably可能地；C.relatively相對地；D.consequently因此。根據(jù)“Wehavebeenputtingsmartwomenonthecouchfor40yearswithoutmakingfulluseoftheirtalent.”和still可知，女性擔(dān)任高級職位的比例驚人的低。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：讓更多女性進(jìn)入高層的真正障礙是時間投入的難題：如今大型機(jī)構(gòu)的高層職位要求每周工作60小時以上。A.desire渴望；B.barrier障礙；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)“Today’stopjobsinmajororganizationsdemand60-plushoursofworkaweek.”可知，女性進(jìn)入高層的很少，障礙是缺乏時間保證。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：讓更多女性進(jìn)入高層的真正障礙是時間投入的難題：如今大型機(jī)構(gòu)的高層職位要求每周工作60小時以上。A.promise許諾；B.suggest建議；C.exceed超過；D.demand要求。根據(jù)“60-plushoursofworkaweek.”和常識可知，工作要求時間保證。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但對于企業(yè)和改革家們來說，要讓他們的公司對美國大量有才華的女性抱有希望，這里有三種方法可以解決這個問題。A.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；B.grateful感激的；C.inevitable不可避免的；D.hopeful有希望的。根據(jù)“herearethreewaystohandleit.”可知，通過三種方法可以讓企業(yè)和改革者對大量有才華的美國女性到公司工作抱有希望。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以打破高層工作只能由加班的人來完成的神話。A.myth神話；荒誕的說法；B.corporation公司；C.executive行政主管；D.novelty新奇。根據(jù)“thathigh-levelworkcanbedoneonlybypeoplewhoworkextratime.”可知，我們需要打破這種固有荒誕的說法。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：高級職位實(shí)際上應(yīng)該更容易適應(yīng)這種方式，因?yàn)楦咝饺耸肯Ｍ艞壱恍┦杖?，以減少工作時間。A.time時間；B.income收入；C.freedom自由；D.promotion提升。根據(jù)“inordertoworkless.”可知，高收入的人寧愿減少收入來減少工作時間。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：只要一年的工作時間比較有限，許多職業(yè)女性都會欣然同意每周7天查收郵件，如果有必要，也會來辦公室處理緊張的項(xiàng)目。A.happily快樂地；B.reluctantly不情愿地；C.hesitantly猶豫不決地；D.rapidly迅速地。根據(jù)“solongasoverthecourseofayear,thetimedevotedtoworkismore____8____.”可知，只要一年的工作時間比較有限，很多女性都樂意隨時可以從事工作。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：只要一年的工作時間比較有限，許多職業(yè)女性都會欣然同意每周7天查收郵件，如果有必要，也會來辦公室處理緊張的項(xiàng)目。A.expected期望；B.paid支付；C.limited限制；D.excluded排除。根據(jù)“It’simportanttodifferbetweenavailabilityandabsolutetimecommitment.”可知，女性當(dāng)然期待時間越有限越好。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)理們需要知道，7天24小時都有空和7天24小時的工作量可不一樣。A.workload工作量；B.ambition抱負(fù)；C.management管理；D.performance表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“24/7availability”可知，這里與availability相對應(yīng)，指工作量。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者需要創(chuàng)造一種文化，在這種文化中，衡量人才的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是工作的數(shù)量，而是貢獻(xiàn)的質(zhì)量。A.regulation管理；B.situation狀況；C.civilization文明；D.culture文化。根據(jù)“inwhichtalentedpeoplearejudgednotbythequantityoftheirwork,butbythequalityoftheir____11____.”可知，這里說的是企業(yè)文化。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者需要創(chuàng)造一種文化，在這種文化中，衡量人才的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是工作的數(shù)量，而是貢獻(xiàn)的質(zhì)量。A.responsibilities責(zé)任；B.contributions貢獻(xiàn)；C.donations捐贈；D.commitments承諾。根據(jù)“notbythequantityoftheirwork,”可知，為企業(yè)工作就是一種貢獻(xiàn)。故選B。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每周工作20個小時并按比例取得優(yōu)異成績的員工應(yīng)該有資格獲得晉升，并被視為表現(xiàn)最好的員工。A.devotion奉獻(xiàn)；B.supervision監(jiān)管；C.promotion提升；D.employment雇傭。根據(jù)“Onewhoworks20hoursaweekandwhodeliversexceptionalresultsonaprorata(攤派)basis”可知，這樣的員工應(yīng)該被晉升。故選C。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“奉獻(xiàn)”可能會幫助有才華的女性，讓她們能夠適應(yīng)當(dāng)今高層職位所要求的生活方式——如果這是她們的選擇，那就給她們更多的權(quán)力。A.path道路；B.advantage優(yōu)勢；C.principle原則；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)““Devotion”mayhelptalentedwomenwhocanlivewiththewaythattopjobsrequiretoday”可知，如果女性選擇這樣做，那就給她們更多的權(quán)力。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們其他人認(rèn)真考慮改變美國企業(yè)目前的工作方式之前，我們只能抱怨這一切的不公，而幾乎什么都改變不了。A.altering改變；B.considering考慮；C.criticizing指責(zé)；D.fighting奮斗。根據(jù)“whilechangingalmostnothing.”可知，美國這樣的工作方式急需改變。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們其他人認(rèn)真考慮改變美國企業(yè)目前的工作方式之前，我們只能抱怨這一切的不公，而幾乎什么都改變不了。A.competition競爭；B.pressure壓力；C.injustice不公正；D.cruelty殘忍。根據(jù)文章開頭“Todaytheportionoftopjobsthatgotowomenisstillshockinglylow.”可知，美國公司目前的工作方式男女員工方面是不公正的。故選C。SectionB(22%)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Comparativelyfewfresh-waterspeciesoffishesarelimitedintheirdistributiontoasingleriversystem,yetnotmanyarefoundonbothsidesofahighmountainridge,suchastheRockyMountainsinNorthAmerica.Thatistosay,thefishesoftheMississippiValleyaregenerallydifferentfromthoseofthePacificslope.Whileitisawell-knownfactthatthefishlifeinnotworiversystems,eventhoughtheyemptyintotheseaonthesamesideofadivide,isexactlyidentical,suchstreamsdohavemanyspeciesincommon.TheprincipalriversoftheAtlanticslopeoftheUnitedStates,forexample,containseveralspeciescommontoallofthem,includingthebullheadcatfish,thebluegillsunfish,andthelargemouthbass.Noneofthesespeciescanenduresaltwater,sotheycannotmovefromoneriversystemtoanother.Ontheotherhand,themorenorthernstreamscontainspeciesnotfoundinthesouthernones,andviceversa.Thecommonpike,forexample,isfoundintheAtlanticstreamsfromMarylandnorthward,andthebrooktroutandyellowperchoccuronlyinthestreamsfromNorthCarolinasouthward.Howthepresentdistributioncameaboutmustremainamatterofquest.Itisquiteprobablethatsomeofthestreams,includingthoseonoppositesidesofadivide,mayhavebeenconnectedatonetime.Again,streamsmaybeentirelyseparateduringnormalweather,butanexceptionallyheavyrainfallorthesuddenmeltingofsnowintheuplandssometimescausesfloodswhichmayformatemporaryconnectionbetweenthem,providingapassagewayforfishes.Itisalsopossiblethatwaterbirdsmayaccidentallycarryfishorspawn(卵)fromonestreamtoanother,orthatmanmaybeinstrumentalinsuchatransfer.36.ThefishesintheAtlanticslopecannotmovefromoneriversystemtoanotherbecause________.A.thereisnocanallinkingdifferentriversB.fishescannotswimbywayoftheAtlanticC.differentriversdonothavethesamesaltcontentD.differentfishesneeddifferentrivers37.WhatisNOTthereasonforthesamefishtobefoundindifferentrivers?A.Differentriversmayhavebeenlinkedtoeachotherinthepast.B.Floodscarriedfishfromonerivertoanother.C.Birdscarriedfishfromplacetoplace.D.Earthquakemayhavecausedlinksbetweenrivers.38.“manmaybeinstrumentalinsuchatransfer”inthelastsentencemeans________.A.manmayuseinstrumentstotransportfishB.themovementoffishdoesn’tdependonhumaninstrumentsC.itisbecauseofmanthatfishcanmovefromonerivertoanotherD.itisthroughman’stoolsthatfishcanmovefromonerivertoanother39.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?A.FishDistributionandtheReasons.B.WhyDifferentRiversHavetheSameFishes.C.DifferentFishesinDifferentRivers.D.SimilarFishesinDifferentRivers.【36~39題答案】【答案】36.C37.D38.C39.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國的淡水魚如何分布在美國的各個河流里，科學(xué)家們正在探究這種分布產(chǎn)生的原因。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句話“Noneofthesespeciescanenduresaltwater,sotheycannotmovefromoneriversystemtoanother.(這些物種都不能忍受咸水，因此它們不能從一個水系遷移到另一個水系)”可推知，美國大西洋斜坡的主要河流中幾種常見的魚類不能從一個水系遷移到另一個水系的原因是它們不能忍受咸水，說明不同的河流的含鹽量和它們所在河流的含鹽量是不同的。故選C?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段二、三、四句話“Itisquiteprobablethatsomeofthestreams,includingthoseonoppositesidesofadivide,mayhavebeenconnectedatonetime.Again,streamsmaybeentirelyseparateduringnormalweather,butanexceptionallyheavyrainfallorthesuddenmeltingofsnowintheuplandssometimescausesfloodswhichmayformatemporaryconnectionbetweenthem,providingapassagewayforfishes.Itisalsopossiblethatwaterbirdsmayaccidentallycarryfishorspawn（卵）fromonestreamtoanother,orthatmanmaybeinstrumentalinsuchatransfer.(一些溪流，包括分水嶺兩側(cè)的溪流，很可能曾經(jīng)連接在一起。同樣，在正常天氣下，溪流可能完全分開，但異常強(qiáng)的降雨或高地上突然融化的雪有時會導(dǎo)致洪水，洪水可能會在溪流之間形成臨時連接，為魚類提供通道。水鳥也可能意外攜帶魚類或卵從一條流到另一條流，或者人可能在這種轉(zhuǎn)移中起了作用)”可知，同樣的魚在不同的河流中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因包括“過去，不同的河流可能彼此相連，洪水把魚從一條河帶到另一條河，水鳥也可能意外攜帶魚類或卵從一條流到另一條流?！?，所以“地震可能造成了河流之間的聯(lián)系”不是同樣的魚在不同的河流中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因。故選D?！?8題詳解】句意猜測題。根據(jù)本段第一句話“Howthepresentdistributioncameaboutmustremainamatterofquest.(目前的分布是如何產(chǎn)生的，這仍然是一個有待探索的問題)”可知，這一段主要介紹了同樣的魚在不同的河流中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能原因，其中包括“過去，不同的河流可能彼此相連，洪水把魚從一條河帶到另一條河，水鳥也可能意外攜帶魚類或卵從一條流到另一條流”以及人也可能把魚從一個河流帶到另個一河流。所以這句話的意思為“正是因?yàn)槿祟?，魚才能從一條河到了另一條河”。故選C。【39題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了美國的淡水魚如何分布在美國的各個河流里，以及科學(xué)家們正在探究這種分布產(chǎn)生的原因。所以“魚類分布及其原因”為本文的主旨大意。故選A。(B)GrayLineDiscoverBrisbaneandsurroundswithGrayLineBrisbane.Theirwiderangeoftoursinair-conditionedcoaches,combinedwiththeguide’sexpertknowledge,ensuresadaytoremember.BrisbaneCityMorningTour(tourB481)Departs:daily9:00am.Returns:11:45am.AdultConcessionChild$69$67$45Discoverthisvibrantcitywithitscharmingarchitecture,colonialhistoryandenjoythesweepingviewsofthecityandBrisbaneRiverfromKangarooPointCliffs.·CathedralSquare·ParliamentHouse·Windmill·AnzacSquare·CityHall·Chinatown·CaptainCookandStoryBridgeBrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuary(tourB492)Departs:daily1:15pm.Returns:5:00pm.AdultConcessionChild$76$74$54TourthehighlightsofBrisbaneandtraveltoLonePineKoalaSanctuarysituatedonthebanksoftheBrisbaneRiverforachancetogetupcloseandpersonalwiththeanimals.·QueenStreetMall·Southbank·AnzacSquare·SuncorpStadium·Brewery·LonePineKoalaSanctuaryandpresentation·MtCoothaLookoutSunshineCoastandNoosa(tourB464)Departs:Monday,Wednesday,FridayandSunday8:45amReturns:5:30pm.AdultConcessionChild$111$106$72TheSunshineCoastisrenownedforitsmagnificentseaside,sophisticatedlifestyle,diningexperienceandshopping.AlsoincludesavisittoUnderwaterWorldandadrivethroughEumundi,famousforitshistoricbuildingsandscenicbeauty.NoosaHeads·Mooloolaba·UnderwaterWorld·EttamogahPubSunshineCoastandMontville(tourB410)Departs:Tuesday,ThursdayandSaturday8:45am.Returns:5:30pm.AdultConcessionChild$107$102$67ThistourtakesyouthroughtherichheritageofthespectacularSunshineCoasthinterlandwithvisitstoMontvillefamousforitscraftshopsandrestaurants,andMooloolaba.hometoUnderwaterworld·GingerFactory·Superbee·MontvilleVillage·MooloolabaPriceincludesfullyair-conditionedtouringentryfeesandCBDhotelpickup.Childpolicy:under4years－freeofcharge,4-14years－asquotedabove.Exclusiondate25/12/16(forotherdatespleasecheckwithyourconsultant).40.Ifyouwishtocompletetwotoursinoneday,youwouldprobablychoose_________.A.SunshineCoastandMontvilleTourandBrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuaryTourB.BrisbaneCityMorningTourandBrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuaryTourC.BrisbaneCityMorningTourandSunshineCoastandNoosaTourD.SunshineCoastandNoosaTourandSunshineCoastandMontvilleTour41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.VisitorsmaylearnthecolonialhistoryofBrisbaneRiverfromKangarooPointCliffs.B.VisitorsmayhaveacloselookatanimalsinSunshineCoastandNoosaTour.C.IfyouwanttovisitUnderwaterWorld,youmaychooseBrisbaneCityMorningTour.D.If2adultsand2children,aged3and9,attendtourB410,theyshouldpay$281.42.Whatisthetoneofthistourguideinformationbooklet?A.Welcomingandhumorous. B.Warmandinviting.C.Modestandinitiative. D.Casualandcompulsory.【40~42題答案】【答案】40.B41.D42.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文，屬于廣告類閱讀。主要向我們介紹了幾個旅游景點(diǎn)，詳細(xì)地說明了每個地方的美景、出發(fā)日期和售價?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BrisbaneCityMorningTour(tourB481)Departs:daily9:00am．Returns:11:45am”及“BrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuary(tourB492)Departs:daily1:15pm.Returns:5:00pm”可知，如果想一天完成兩個旅行應(yīng)選BrisbaneCityMorningTour和BrisbaneHighlightswithKoalaSanctuaryTour。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。表格最后一部分中“Childpolicy:under4years—freeofcharge(兒童政策：4歲以下——免費(fèi))”可知四歲以下孩子免費(fèi)，由D選項(xiàng)中的“tourB410”可定位到SunshineCoastaandMontville(tourB410)下“Adult$107Child$67(成人$107，孩童$67)”可知，因此所需費(fèi)用為107*2+67=281，所以D正確。故選D?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“air-conditionedcoaches,combinedwiththeguide’sexpertknowledge(空調(diào)車廂，結(jié)合導(dǎo)游的專業(yè)知識)”、“charming(迷人的)”、“magnificent(壯麗的)”、“spectacular(壯麗的)”等詞可知，這個旅游信息手冊的內(nèi)容是溫暖的，吸引人的。故選B。(C)“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokaiani.Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectfor