2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Naturaldisasters表達(dá)作文巧升格課時(shí)分層作業(yè)含解析新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThebeachmayseemlikeaninvitingplacetorunonacoolsummermorning，butisrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody?Itcanbe，butit'simportanttoknowthechallengesthatsomebeachrunnersexperience.Runningonthebeachcanbeagoodthing.It'scertainlydifferentfromrunningonthepavementoratrack.Forstarters，sandcanbeachallengebecauseithasanuneven(不平坦的)surface.Asyoupushoff，you'regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So，you'renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement.Butthisunevennesshasanupside:Itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout，forcingyoutoexercisemusclesthatdon'tgetasmuchuseduringrunonfirmsurfaces.Forinstance，yourfeet，anklesandlowerbackmightfeelsorerandmoretiredthanusualafterabeachrunjustbecausethatsurfaceisconstantlymovingandchangingsteptostep.Youalsomightfeelsoreafterwardbecausebeachestendtoslope(傾斜)downtothewater.Ifyou'regoingforalongrunonthebeach，youmightnoticethatonesideofyourbodymightfeelsorerbecauseyou'reputtingmorepressureonitduetotheslope.Somebeachrunnersprefertorunbarefoot.However，ifyou'renotusedtobarefootrunning，startslowlyanddon'trunlongdistancesatfirst.That'sbecauserunningbarefootusesdifferentmusclesthanrunningwithshoesdoes，andit'simportanttostrengthenthesemusclesandadapt(使適應(yīng))yourfeet.Ifyouwanttorunbarefoot，it'sgreat，buteaseintoit.Inspiteofthesechallenges，runningonthesandcanbeasmartchoiceforyou，becauserunningonsoftergroundsurfacescanreducemuscledamage.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型是說(shuō)明文，主題語(yǔ)境是健康。作者分析了沙灘跑步對(duì)身體的挑戰(zhàn)和好處，給初跑者提出了一些建議。1．Whyisitdifficulttorunonthebeach?A．Thesoftsurfacemakespeoplefallovereasily.B．Ittakesmuchefforttorunonitsmovingsurface.C．Peopleneedtoruncarefullyonitsunevensurface.D．It'shardtokeepone'sbalanceonitsslopingsurface.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Asyoupushoff，you'regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves.So，you'renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorapavement...becausethatsurfaceisconstantlymovingandchangingsteptostep”可知，由于腳下的沙面不斷移動(dòng)，跑步者失去了在硬化的路面上那樣向前的沖力，所以，在沙灘上跑步比較費(fèi)勁。]2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“upside”underlinedinParagraph2?A．Advantage. B．Reason.C．Character. D．Challenge.A[詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)上下文可知，本句前介紹不平坦的沙灘對(duì)于初跑者是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)，此處But表示轉(zhuǎn)折，下文介紹沙灘的不平坦恰能讓不常常運(yùn)用的肌肉得到熬煉，由此可知，沙灘的不平坦也是有優(yōu)點(diǎn)的。]3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetobarefootrunning?A．Disapproving. B．Supportive.C．Doubtful. D．Impersonal.B[觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終一句“Ifyouwanttorunbarefoot，it'sgreat，buteaseintoit”可知，作者對(duì)裸足沙灘跑持支持的看法，只是建議不太習(xí)慣裸足沙灘跑步的人要漸漸適應(yīng)。]4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Isrunningonthebeachgoodforyourbody?B．Doyouneedtoadaptyourselftobeachrunning?C．Whatarethechallengesofrunningonthesand?D．Whydoyoufeelsoreafterrunningonthebeach?A[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章一開(kāi)頭提出“isrunningonthesandgoodforyourbody”下文回答了這一問(wèn)題：盡管沙灘跑步具有挑戰(zhàn)，但是身體可以得到額外的熬煉，而且松軟的沙灘會(huì)削減對(duì)肌肉的損傷。]BDidyouknowthatthecolorofuniformscaninfluencetheperformanceofanathlete?Itmaysoundstrange，butastudysuggeststhismightbetrue.TwoBritishscientistsstudiedtheresultsoffoursportsinthe2004AthensOlympicGameswheretheathleteshadbeengiveneitheraredorablueuniform.Theydiscoveredthatwhentherewasabigdifferenceinthescore，colorhadnoinfluenceontheresult.Butifitwasaclosematch，theathleteinareduniformwasmorelikelytowin.ThentheylookedattheuniformsofthesoccerteamsattheEuro2004tournament.Again，teamswearingredwonmoregames.Thetwoscientistsgottheirideafromearlierstudiesofwildanimals.Ithadbeendiscoveredthatwhenamaleshowsredonitsbody，itsendsasignalofitspowerandstrength.Forexample，inmanykindsofmonkeys，themorethemaleshowsoffitsredscars，themorefemalesitcanattract.Basedonthisfact，theBritishscientiststhoughtthattheideamightworkforhumans，too.Accordingtothem，whenanathleteseesacompetitorinareduniform，hegetsafeelingthathiscompetitorcouldbestrongerthanhim.Andthatkindoffeelingmayhaveabadinfluenceontheplayer'sperformanceintheactualgame.Althoughtheideaisinteresting，mostpeopledon'tacceptthatcolorsignalsintheanimalworldcanreallybeusefultohumansinsports.Theythinkthatitisunreasonabletodevelopanideabasedonsuchasmallnumberofexamples.Muchmoreresearchhastobedonetoprovetheinfluenceofuniformcolorsontheperformanceofathletes.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)覺(jué)運(yùn)動(dòng)服的顏色會(huì)影響競(jìng)賽的得分，在一場(chǎng)勢(shì)均力敵的競(jìng)賽中，身穿紅色運(yùn)動(dòng)服的運(yùn)動(dòng)員更簡(jiǎn)單贏得競(jìng)賽，但是大多數(shù)人對(duì)此持懷疑的看法。5．Whatdidthescientistsfindoutaboutthe2004AthensOlympicGames?A．Athletesplayedequallywellinfoursports.B．Gameresultshadabiginfluenceontheathletes.C．Athletesdressedinredscoredmoreinaclosematch.D．Therewasabigdifferenceinredandblueteam'sscores.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的后三句內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家發(fā)覺(jué)在勢(shì)均力敵的競(jìng)賽中穿紅色運(yùn)動(dòng)服的運(yùn)動(dòng)員會(huì)得分更多。]6．Whatmaytheredscarsofamaleanimalsuggest?A．Itisquitestrong.B．Itisafailure.C．Ithaspoweroverothermales.D．Ithasattractedalotoffemales.A[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)雄性動(dòng)物呈現(xiàn)身上的紅色時(shí)，這釋放出它擁有力氣以及權(quán)力的信號(hào)。而在很多種猴子中，雄性猴子越是炫耀它的紅色傷疤，它越能吸引更多的母猴子。由此推斷紅色的傷疤顯示了雄性的力氣。]7．Theunderlinedpart“thatkindoffeeling”inthetextreferstoafeelingof．A．weakness B．prideC．shame D．dangerA[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“whenanathleteseesa...intheactualgame.”可知，當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)員看到穿紅色制服的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，他覺(jué)得他的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手會(huì)比他強(qiáng)。這種感覺(jué)(別人比他強(qiáng)的感覺(jué))可能在真正的競(jìng)賽中對(duì)選手造成不良影響。故選A。]Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Hemetherataparty.Shewassooutstanding，withmanyboysaroundher，whilehewassoordinary，withnobodypayingattentiontohim.Attheendoftheparty，heinvitedhertohavecoffeewithhim.Shewassurprised，butoutofpoliteness，sheagreed.Theysatinanicecoffeeshop.Hewastoonervoustosayanything，andshefeltuncomfortable，thinking，“Pleaseletmegohome.”Suddenlyheaskedthewaiter，“Wouldyoupleasegivemesomesalt?I'dliketoputitinmycoffee.”Everybodystaredathim.Sostrange！Hisfaceturnedred,but，still，heputthesaltinhiscoffeeanddrankit.Sheaskedhimcuriously，“Whydoyouhavethishobby?”Hereplied，“WhenIwasalittleboy，Iwaslivingnearthesea.Ilikedplayinginthesea，andIcouldfeelthetasteofthesea，justlikethetasteofthesaltycoffee.NoweverytimeIhavethesaltycoffee，Ialwaysthinkofmychildhood.Imisssomuchmyhometownandmyparentswhoarestilllivingthere.”Whilesayingthathecouldn'tholdbackhistears.Shewasdeeplytouched.That'shistruefeeling，fromthebottomofhisheart.Amanwhocanspeakouthishomesicknessmustbeamanwholoveshome，caresabouthome，andhasresponsibilityforhisfamily.Thenshealsostartedtospeakaboutherfarawayhometown，herchildhood，andherfamily.Thatwasareallynicetalk，alsoabeautifulbeginningoftheirstory.Theycontinuedtodate.Shefoundthatactuallyhewasamanwhometallherdemands：hewaskind-hearted，warmandcareful.Hewassuchagoodpersonbutshealmostmissedhim!Thankstohissaltycoffee！Thenthestorywentonjustlikeeverybeautifullovestory：theprincessmarriedtheprince，andthentheywerelivinginhappiness...And，everytimeshemadecoffeeforhim，sheputsomesaltinthecoffee.Paragraph1：After40years，hepassedaway，leavingheraletter.Paragraph2：Learningthetruthwhilereadingtheletter，[參考范文]Paragra