2021年上海市高考英語試卷(春考)(解析卷)

2021年上海市高考英語試卷（1月份）參考答案與試題解析I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．（1分）A.Fresh.B.Salty.C.Tender.D.Dry.【解答】C【原文】1.M：Thebeeflooksfresh.W：ButIwouldrecommendthechickenwhichistender.Thebeefistoosaltyandnotjuicy.Q：Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthechicken？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略2．（1分）A.Aluxurioustie.B.Asetofclassicworks.C.Aredscarf.D.Awallet.【解答】B【原文】2.W：Jackcontributedalotofmysurveyontheevolutionoffashion.Iwanttobuyhimapresentlikeascarforawallet.M：1heardhelikesreading.If1wereyou，Iwouldbuyhimasetofclassics.Q：WhatdoesthemansuggestthewomanbuyforJack？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略3．（1分）A.Inabarbershop.B.Inthecinema.C.Inthemall.D.Inthelibrary.【解答】A【原文】3.W：I'dliketohavemyhaircolored.Butyouseemuptoyourneck.M：Yes，weusuallyhavealotmorecustomersontheweekend.Pleasetakeaseat.I'mafraidyouhavetobepatient.Q：Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplacefor？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略4．（1分）A.Theboystayedupallnight.B.Theboycamehometooearly.C.Theboyisforgiven.D.Theboydidn'tgohomeatnight.【解答】C【原文】4.M：Sorry，mom，Ishouldhavecomebackhomeearlier.I'llneverdoitagain.W：Let'sdropitthistime.Q：Whatcanwelearnfromthisconversation？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略5．（1分）A.Shewillaccompanythemanwhoasksquestions.B.Shealsodoesn'tknowthemeaningoftheterm.C.Shesympathizedwiththemanverymuch.D.Sheiswellawareofthemeaningofthenewlycoinedterm.【解答】B【原文】5.M：Alice.Ihavenoideawhatthisnewlycoinedtermmeans.W：Well，youarenotalone.Q：Whatdoesthewomanmean？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略6．（1分）A.Sheneedstohurry.B.Thealarmclockdidn'tring.C.Shebrokethealarmclock.D.Sheislateforschool.【解答】A【原文】6.W：Daddidthealarmclockgooff？M：Thatwas30minutesago.Yousleptrightthroughit.Getuporyou'llbelateforschool.Q：Whatdoesthemanmean？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略7．（1分）A.﹩10，000.B.￥11，000.C.￥12，000.D.﹩11，000【解答】B【原文】7.M：MayItakeanotherlookattheChinesepainting？Isitstillpriced￥10，000？W：Sorry.sir，itspricehasrisenby10%.Q：HowmuchdoestheChinesepaintingcostnow？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略8．（1分）A.Hecouldn'tofferhelpbecauseofhisfootinjury.B.Hecan'tstandthenoiseoftheseboxesmoving.C.Hecan'tstandthewomancarryingtheseboxes.D.Hedoesn'twanttocarrytheboxdownfromthefifthfloor.【解答】A【原文】8.W：Movingtheseboxesuptothe5thfloorisreallybeyondme.M：Theylooksobig.Ifonlylhadn'thadmyankletwistedyesterday.Q：Whatdoesthemanimply？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略9．（1分）A.Heisjustanordinaryman，notahero.B.Hewantsthewomantopublicizehisdeeds.C.Hehasalreadyfinishedfinancialaidforstudents.D.Hewantsthewomantokeepitasecret.【解答】D【原文】9.W：Whatanunsungheroyouare.Younevertoldmethatyouhavebeenfinanciallyassistingthestudentsforyears.M：Letthematterrest.It'sjustbetweenyouandme.Q：Whatdoesthemanmean？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略10．（1分）A.Thewomanlikestotakeashowerbeforegoingtobed.B.Themancan'thaveashowerbeforegoingtobed.C.Hotwaterissuppliedinthehoteluntil10p.m.inwinter.D.Thehotelstillsupplieshotwaterafter10p.m.【解答】B【原文】10.M：1hopethereishotwaterinthehotelafterten.Iliketohaveashowerbeforebed，especiallyinwinter.W：Butthefrontdesksayshotwaterisavailabletill9：00pmQ：Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略11．（4.5分）（1）A.HaveaprofessionalenergycheckupB.UpdateallthehouseholdappliancesC.Makeado﹣it﹣yourselfhomeenergycheckupD.Findtheleaksontheoutsideofyourhome（2）A.Becauseitcanhelpyousaveenergyinahouse.B.Becauseitcanhelpyoudecidewhereshouldbeupgradedfirst.C.Becauseitcanhelpyourememberwhereyouhaveinspected.D.Becauseitcanhelpyoureducetheairleaks.（3）A.Howtochooseaprofessionalenergycheckup.B.Howtoconductthehomeenergycheckup.C.Howtomakealistofobviousairleaks.D.Howtosaveenergyinyourhome.【解答】11—13CBB【原文】Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ahomeenergycheckuphelpsdeterminewhereyourhouseislosingenergyandmoney.Whensuchproblemsarecorrectedyourhomewillbemoreenergyefficient.Whileaprofessionalenergycheckupprovidesacompletepictureofyourhome'senergyuse，adiligentselfassessmentcanalsohelpyoufindsmallproblemareas.First，makealistofobviousairleaks.Checkforindoorairleaks，suchasgapsalongtheedgeoftheflooringandjointsofthewallsandceiling.Alsochecktheleaksontheoutsideofyourhome，especiallyinareaswheretwodifferentbuildingmaterialsmeet.Finallyremembertocheckotherplacesforleaksincludingwindows，doorsandswitches.Thepotentialenergysavingsfromreducingleaksinourownmayrangefrom10%to20%peryear.Thisdo﹣it﹣yourselfhomeenergycheckupwillnotbeasthoroughasaprofessionalhomeenergyassessment，butitcanhelpyouhighlightsomeoftheeasierareastoaddress.Whenwalkingthroughyourhome，keepachecklistoftheareasyouhaveinspectedandtheproblemsyouhavefound.Thislistwillhelpyoudecidewhichenergyefficiencyupgradeshouldbegivenpriorityto.Nowlistenagain.11.Whichofthefollowingisthemostprobablewaytosaveenergyinahouse？12.Whydoesthespeakerrecommendyoutokeepachecklist？13.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略12．（4.5分）（1）A.Tomakepeoplerememberhim.B.Toshowhisexcellenttalent.C.Torememberthemomentsinuniversity.D.Torecallhischildhood.（2）A.Itusedsomeadvancednarrativeskills.B.Itiseasytounderstandthedeepmeaning.C.Ithasakindofbellringingquality.D.Itissuitabletorecitealoudwithexpression.（3）A.Helikestocomposepoemsatquietcorners.B.HegraduatedfromHarvardUniversityin1995.C.Hewroteonlytwopoemsinhislife.D.HehadagoodtimeatHarvard.【解答】14—16CCD【原文】Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.SeamusHeaneywasawardedtheNobelprizeinliteraturein1995whenhewasteachingatHarvardUniversity.OnthedaywhenHarvardcelebrateditsthreehundredseventy﹣fifthanniversarybeforealargeaudience，herecitedhispoemcomposedin1986fortheuniversitythreehundredandfiftiethanniversary.This1986poemreliesonthepowerofrepeatingwordsandsounds.Heaneysaidinaninterview，"There'sakindofbellringingqualitytothepoem，whichmakesiteasyontheair."HerememberedwritingjusttwopoemsduringhisearlyyearsatHarvardwhenhetaughtandreadalot.Onepoemistheanniversarypoem.Andtheotherisaboutlearningthealphabetsatprimaryschool.HeaneyalsorecalledthephysicalHarvardwherehehadmanyhappymoments.Hesaid，"Istillremembertheexcitementofdrivingaroundthecampusandseeingtheoutlinesofthehouses.AndIenjoyedafewquietcornersoncampuswhereIwouldsitdownandtakeanap.ThelibraryatAdam'shouseforoneandtheWoodberrypoetryroomforanother.Thentherewastheyard.ItwastheinspirationfortheanniversarypoemandalsoaplacethatremindedmeofmyownboyhoodinthecountrysidebecauseItusedtobeacowyard."Nowlistenagain.Questions：14.ForwhatpurposedidSeamusHeamycomposehis1986poem？15.WhatisafeatureofSeamusHeaney's1986poem？16.WhatcanbelearnedaboutSeamusHeaney？【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略13．（6分）（1）A.Hisofficeisrichlydecorated.B.Hehasusedthisofficeforaweek.C.Hisofficeisverymodem.D.Hisofficespaceisspaciousenough.（2）A.Torecordhistripnextweek.B.Tocommunicatewithoverseasscholars.C.Tocollectcost﹣effectivewebcameras.D.Torecordthecontentsofthereportfile.（3）A.Achairthatrisesupanddownandhasarms.B.Amodemsimplechair.C.Afoldedchairwithoutahandle.D.Asecond﹣handsolidwoodchair.（4）A.Howtochooseawebcamera.B.Howtoprepareforanonlinemeetingreport.C.HowtoimproveProfessorWhite'soffice.D.HowtodecorateProfessorWhite'sOffice.【解答】17—20DBAC【原文】Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.W：Hi，professorWhite.M：Hi，Maggie.W：It'sbeenaweeksinceyouarrivedatthecity.Doyoulikeyouroffice？M：Yeah，it'sgreattohavesomuchroomandIlovetoseeyou.W：I'mgladtohearthat.Doyouneedanyequipmentorsupplies？M：Actually，thereareafewthingsI'vebeenthinkingabout.W：OK.Whatdoyouneed？M：Well，I'llgiveapresentationatanonlineconferencenextweek.Isitpossibletogetawebcameraforthecomputer？W：Noproblem.Itisalreadyatthetopofouragenda.Wewanttoencourageusingtechnologytocommunicatewithoverseasscholarsratherthanexpensivetraveling.M：Exactly.It'ssomucheasierandcheapertodothingsthatway.W：Thedepartmentchairlikestohearthatkindofthinking.Anythingelse？M：Well，IhopeI'mnotaskingtoomuch，butcanIgetanewchair？Thisoneisreallyuncomfortable.W：Ithinkthat'sanoldchair.Sorryaboutthat.Isthereaspecifickindyouwant，likeafoldingchairorarockingone？M：ljustlikeonethatrisesupanddownandhasarms.W：Sure，Igotit.M：Thanks.Nowlistenagain.Questions：17.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisoffice？18.Whydoesthemanneedawebcameraforhiscomputer？19.Whatkindofchairdoesthemanwant？20.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？That'stheendoflisteningcomprehension.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】略II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.14．（10分）WhyBeinginaBandIsCoolWhenyouwereyounger，apianolessonmayhaveruinedyourday.Carryingaflute（長笛）fromclasstoclassjustforahalf﹣hourlesson（1）mayhaveseemedpointless.Butasyouentertheadultworldsuddenlyyourealisethatknowinghowtoplayaninstrumentisprettycool.Yes，eventheflute.So，whatmakesbeinginabandsocool？Isitbecauseyougettogoonstageandplaytomillionsofadoringfans？Well，yes，butit'llbeafewyearsbeforeyourdodgyrenditionof'Twinkle，TwinkleLittleStar'startstoresembleaMozartsymphony.（2）Howevertalentedyou'vebeeninmusicit'sstillnoteasytoorganiseaband，buthere'saquickguidetogetyoustarted：（1）Findyourmembers.You'llneedadrummer，aguitarist，abassguitaristandasinger.Anyotherinstrumentsareabonus.Thisiswhere（3）playing（play）theflutecomesin，ifyoucanmakeplayingtheflutecool，youdeserveallthefameandfortuneintheworld!（2）Organiseabandpractice.Ifyouareluckyenoughtohaveabandmember（4）withadrumkitandparentswhoarehardofhearing，youcanpractiseathomeforfree.Otherwise，you'llneedtofindalocalstudio（5）which/thatcanbeexpensive.（6）Divide（divide）thecostequally，includingthecostofhiringanyequipmentsuchascymbalsforthedrummer，yourocktogether，yourolltogether!（3）Beproductive.Ifyou'repayingforastudio，thelastthingyouwantistospenditcatchingupwitheachother，someethalfanhourinadvancetogetallthechatting（7）finished（finish）.（4）Agreeonsongstolearn，andlearnthem!Eachbandmembershouldchooseasongforthewholeband（8）tolearn（learn）readyforrehearsal.Thiswillallowyoutosee（9）whatgenres（類型）workforyourgroup.（5）Startwriting.Onceyouknowwhatmusicworksforyou，startwriting!Youcandothisindividuallyorasabandbutthemostimportantthingistorespectotherpeople'ssongs.It'sveryraretofind（10）someonewhoisn'tshyaboutsharingtheirfirstfewpiecesofwriting，sobenice!Ifthatsoundslikealotofhardwork，thenyou'reright!Ifitalsosoundslikealotoffun，getstarted!Butwhatisitthatmakesallthathardworkworthit？Beinginabandteachesyoupreciouslifelessons.Itisafunwayoflearningabouthowtoshareopinionsrespectfully，becreative，becomemoreconfidentandworkasateam.Onceyoucandothatyou'llbewellonyourwaytofindingwhatitisaboutyouthatmakesyouunique，specialandcool!【答案】（1）may（2）However（3）playing（4）with（5）which/that（6）Divide（7）finished（8）tolearn（9）what（10）someone【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述如何組織一支樂隊(duì)及如何組織樂隊(duì)練習(xí)等?！窘獯稹浚?）考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：在半個(gè)小時(shí)的課上，帶著一支長笛從一節(jié)課到另一節(jié)課似乎毫無意義。此處用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may表示不確定的推測(cè)。故填may。（2）考查讓步狀語從句。句意：無論你在音樂方面多么有天賦，組織一支樂隊(duì)仍然不容易，但這里有一個(gè)快速指南讓你開始。根據(jù)句意及句中形容詞talented可知，要用連詞however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，因在句首，首字母大寫。故填However。（3）考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：這就是吹笛子的由來，如果你能把吹笛子變得很酷，你就配得上世界上所有的名利!句中缺少主語，用動(dòng)名詞短語playingtheflute作主語。故填playing。（4）考查介詞。句意：如果你足夠幸運(yùn)，有一個(gè)帶架子鼓的樂隊(duì)成員，父母聽力不好，你可以在家里免費(fèi)練習(xí)。根據(jù)句意，此處用介詞with，意為"帶有"。故填with。（5）考查定語從句。句意：否則，你需要找一家當(dāng)?shù)氐墓ぷ魇?，這可能會(huì)很貴。先行詞alocalstudio在定語從句中作主語，指物，用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)從句。故填which/that。（6）考查祈使句。句意：平均分配成本，包括為鼓手租用任何設(shè)備的成本，比如鐃鈸，你們一起搖滾，一起打鼓!divide"分配"，祈使句中要用動(dòng)詞原形，因在句首，首字母大寫。故填Divide。（7）考查過去分詞。句意：如果你付了工作室的錢，你最不想要的就是把時(shí)間花在互相聊天上，所以提前半小時(shí)見面，完成所有的聊天。此處是"getsth.done"結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"讓別人做某事"，chatting與finish之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填finished。（8）考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：每個(gè)樂隊(duì)成員應(yīng)該為整個(gè)樂隊(duì)選擇一首歌曲，為排練做準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)句意，此處用動(dòng)詞不定式短語作目的狀語。故填tolearn。（9）考查賓語從句。句意：這將讓你看到哪種類型適合你的團(tuán)隊(duì)。genres缺少定語，用what作其定語，同時(shí)引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填what。（10）考查不定代詞。句意：很少有人不羞于分享他們最初的幾篇文章，所以要友善!find是及物動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意，此處用不定代詞someone作賓語，同時(shí)作關(guān)系代詞who的先行詞。故填someone?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】在一篇200詞左右的語篇（短文或?qū)υ挘┲辛舫?0處空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式，所填寫詞語不得多于3個(gè)單詞。要做好語法填空題，理解短文是解題的前提，扎實(shí)的詞匯、句型和語法知識(shí)是基礎(chǔ)，英語國家的背景知識(shí)是必要的補(bǔ)充。考生須靈活運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)，如單詞詞性、單詞時(shí)態(tài)、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、連接詞、代詞、冠詞等判斷各空白處應(yīng)填寫的內(nèi)容。答完后，還要通讀全文，核對(duì)所填單詞形式是否正確，是否符合語境。SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.15．（10分）A.applaudingB.entry﹣levelC.struckD.fascinationE.back﹣seatF.stuckG.standH.promoterI.hookJ.dominantK.empoweredThenatureispartofus.Therefore，itholdsamysterious（1）Dforme.Inmymemory，thevalleywasquietandcalm，onlytoseethewheatalloverthemountainswavingtogetherinrhythmwhenthewindblewthrough，likeaballettroupe.Thesunroseeverymorningasusual，sweepingacrossthevalleyandultimatelyfallingbehindthepeaks.Thesnowthatfallsinwinteralwaysmeltsinspring，bringingnewhopetothisnaturewhereeverythingwaspleasantandbeautiful.Ledbyfate，Ihavebecameanenvironmentalistandhadthehonorofbeinginvitedtoaddressstudentsaboutmygreenlifestyleforalongtime，Thestudentsweresurprisedatmylifestyleandmaybetheythoughtmylifestylewasnolongersuitableformodernlife.Fortunately，theywerestilllistenedtowholelecture，salutingor（2）Ame—tosomeextenttheapplauseimpliedtheirencouragementtome.AsIbegantointeractwiththemunderthestage，Iwas（3）Cbykids'lackofknowledgeofnaturesothattheyhadlittleknowledgeofprotectingenvironment.Aftertheaddress，Iputupastandinthe（4）Eofferinggreenfood，hopingtheminterestedinittogetthe（5）Gexperiencingafirst﹣handfeelingofthegreenlifestylenooneshowsanyinterestin.So1decidedtoteamupwiththeconcert（6）Htorunacampaign："anyonewhocananswera（n）（7）Benvironmentalquestionisqualifiedtoattendtheconcert.Soonthemusiccan（8）Ithemcominghere".Sincethen，Ihavebeenconsideringwhykidstodaydonothavethesamedeepappreciationfornaturethat1do.Oneofthesignificantfactorsmaybethattheformerruralcivilizationhasbeenreplacedbytheurbancivilization.Inthepast，thepoorplayedthe（9）Jroleinthenature，sotheyclearedthewasteland，plantedcropsandreproducedcivilization.Withthemassiveinvasionofindustrializationandurbanization，peoplewereforcedtomoveawayfromnature.Thestrugglebetweentraditionandmodernity，theconfrontationbetweenhumansandnaturehasledpeopletobelievethattheyarethemastersoftheuniverse.Isthisreallythecase？Itistimetothinkaboutwho（10）Kustodestroynature.【答案】DACEGHBIJK【分析】本文為記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者參與環(huán)境保護(hù)活動(dòng)的經(jīng)過。【解答】（1）考查名詞。句意：因此，它對(duì)我有一種神秘的吸引力。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處應(yīng)該填入名詞。而且結(jié)合下文中的景色描寫以及whereeverythingwaspleasantandbeautiful可知這里使用名詞fascination，意為"吸引力"，這是不可數(shù)名詞。故選D。（2）考查動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他們?nèi)匀宦犃苏麄€(gè)講座，在某種程度上向我致敬或鼓掌。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處or連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)該填入動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。而且根據(jù)下文tosomeextenttheapplauseimpliedtheirencouragementtome的提示，可知，此處使用動(dòng)詞"鼓掌"（applauding）的現(xiàn)在分詞。故選A。（3）考場(chǎng)固定搭配。句意：被孩子們?nèi)狈ΡＷo(hù)自然的知識(shí)所震驚。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，需要填入動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式。而且根據(jù)上文可知作者是一個(gè)環(huán)保主義者，又根據(jù)下文theyhadlittleknowledgeofprotectingenvironment提示，此處使用短語bestruckby被...所侵襲；被...所觸動(dòng)；被...所迷惑，故選C。（4）考查名詞。句意：演講結(jié)束后，我在后座設(shè)立了一個(gè)展臺(tái)。結(jié)合上文可知，作者做了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于環(huán)保的演講，而且根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處應(yīng)該填入名詞，故可推測(cè)，作者是在演講場(chǎng)地設(shè)置的攤位，故此處使用名詞，后座（back﹣seat）。故選E。（5）考查名詞。句意：希望對(duì)它感興趣的學(xué)生能夠在展臺(tái)上親身體驗(yàn)。結(jié)合上文作者設(shè)置了一個(gè)展臺(tái)，可知此處講述的還是同一件事情，故可推知，此處使用名詞，展臺(tái)（stand）。故選G。（6）考查名詞。句意：我決定與音樂會(huì)發(fā)起人合作開展一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。根據(jù)文章分析，此處應(yīng)該是音樂會(huì)的相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人與作者一起舉辦了活動(dòng)，故可推知此處使用名詞，發(fā)起人（promoter）。故選H。（7）考查形容詞。句意：任何能回答入門級(jí)環(huán)境問題的人都有資格參加音樂會(huì)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處應(yīng)該填入修飾詞，及對(duì)環(huán)境問題的修飾詞，故此處使用形容詞，入門級(jí)（entry﹣level），修飾environmentalquestion。故選B。（8）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：很快音樂就把他們吸引到這里來了。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少動(dòng)詞，而且根據(jù)上文提及的音樂會(huì)活動(dòng)可知，此處使用動(dòng)詞，吸引（hook）。故選I。（9）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在過去，窮人在大自然中起著主導(dǎo)作用。根據(jù)固定搭配可知，此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)形容詞，而且根據(jù)上一句Theonceruralcivilizationhasbeenreplacedbytheurbancivilization可知，此處使用形容詞dominant，意為"主導(dǎo)的"。故選J。（10）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：是時(shí)候想想是誰賦予了我們破壞自然的力量了。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處為定語從句，定語從句中缺少謂語動(dòng)，而且結(jié)合上文作者提及的工業(yè)化和城市化帶來的變化，可推知，此處使用動(dòng)詞empowered，意為"授權(quán)"。故選K?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】選詞填空的解題思路分為題干分析和選項(xiàng)分析。首先是題干分析。分析的原則是將題干空缺處的句意概括出來。一般概括的方式是先上下文找提示詞或者提示句，然后用提示詞句來推測(cè)空缺的含義。其次是選項(xiàng)分析。選項(xiàng)分析過程中，可以借助概括出來的空缺含義進(jìn)行對(duì)照，符合空缺含義的選項(xiàng)先保留，不符合的排除，最后進(jìn)行詞語的辨析。在剩下的均符合的選項(xiàng)中，去辨析一下詞語的含義側(cè)重，語義輕重和感情色彩等，去選擇相對(duì)最符合題干的選項(xiàng)。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.16．（15分）ThemiseryofmybikecommuteinCalgary，Alberta，istherivervalleyhill.It'snotparticularlysteep，butataboutamilelong，Irarelyclimbedupwithoutarrivingwithsweat.Studieshaveshowntheprospectofarrivingatworksweatyisoneofthebiggest（1）Ctogettingwould﹣bebikecommutersoutoftheircars.That'sespeciallytrueinacitylikeLosAngeles，where（2）Amayfacelongroutes，hillsorhotstreetswithalackofshade."Pedelec"，orpedalelectric﹣assistedbikesliketheoneIrode，canendthatworry.Theylookandactliketraditionalbicycles，buttheirmotorsmakepedalingmucheasierwhenrequired.Sometimescalledthemostenergy﹣efficientmotorizedmodeoftransportationeverbuilt，they'realsoincrediblygreen.Thebiggestbarriermaybetheoutdatedattitudethatseesbikesonlyasarecreationalathleticopportunityratherthanapractical（3）Doption.AtatimewhencitiesacrossNorthAmericaarestrugglingtocombatcripplingtrafficandreduceclimateemissions，e﹣bikeshavethe（4）Btoeasebothproblems.Andyetridershiphasyettotruly（5）DAbout152，0000e﹣bikesweresoldlastyearintheU.S.，afigurethatwouldbemorethan5millionifAmericansusedthematthesamerateaswesternEuropeans.Manyofthebarrierstoe﹣bike（6）BinNorthAmericaarelegislative.Patchworkrulestreate﹣bikesmorelikemopedsthantraditionalpedalbikesinsomejurisdictions，meaningtheyare（7）Cfrombikelanesandfromboardingpublictransportation.Fewplacesonthecontinent，（8）A，arebetterpoisedtobreakthroughthesebarriersthanCalifornia.Legislationwasapprovedlastyeartoencouragee﹣bikeuse，bylegallydifferentiatingthecyclesfrommopeds.Inanattempttoheadoffworriesaboutturbochargedmachinesflyingdownsidewalksandbikelanesatunsafespeeds，thelawclassifiesbikesintodifferenttiersto（9）Clower﹣speede﹣bikes，whichtopoutat20mph，fromfaster﹣moving"speedpedelecs"，whicharerestrictedfromprotectedbikepaths.Amidtheselegislative（10）B，e﹣bikeshavebecomemoreaccessibletoconsumer.Findingtheminbikeshopsisn'tas（11）Dasitoncewas，andtheircosthasfallenasthepriceoflithium﹣ionbatterieshasdropped.Today，adecente﹣bike，whilestill（12）A，iscomparableinpricetoahigh﹣endmountainbike.Afteryearsof（13）Bovermixingpedalandmotorpower，cyclingadvocacyorganizationsalsoarefinallythrowingtheirsupportbehinde﹣bikes.DaveSnyder，theexecutivedirectoroftheCaliforniaBicycleCoalition，（14）Athestate'snewlegislationbasedpartlyonthe（15）Dthate﹣bikeshelpoutthosewho"justcan'trideasfarorasfastastheyneedto".（1）A.advantagesB.processesC.barriersD.complements（2）A.ridersB.buildersC.customersD.volunteers（3）A.productionB.communicationC.facilitiesD.transportation（4）A.routineB.potentialC.temporaryD.major（5）A.makeofB.carryonC.bringupD.takeoff（6）A.adaptationB.adoptionC.adjustmentD.justification（7）A.provedB.alertedC.bannedD.authorized（8）A.howeverB.unlessC.meanwhileD.anyway（9）A.originateB.combineC.separateD.satisfy（10）A.factorsB.benefitsC.limitsD.damages（11）A.properB.criticalC.sensationalD.difficult（12）A.expensiveB.distinctiveC.sensitiveD.intensive（13）A.troubleB.concernC.powerD.scale（14）A.favoredB.foldedC.referredD.gifted（15）A.appealB.addressC.amountD.advocate【答案】CADBDBCACBDABAD【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了電動(dòng)助力自行車（e﹣bikes）在解決交通擁堵和減少氣候排放方面的潛力，以及在北美地區(qū)推廣e﹣bikes所面臨的障礙。短文提到，e﹣bikes可以解決騎行者擔(dān)心到達(dá)目的地會(huì)出汗的問題，因?yàn)樗鼈兊碾妱?dòng)機(jī)可以在需要時(shí)提供輔助騎行。然而，e﹣bikes在北美地區(qū)的普及受到了立法的限制，一些地區(qū)將其視為摩托車而不是傳統(tǒng)自行車，限制了它們?cè)谧孕熊嚨篮凸步煌üぞ呱系氖褂谩＜又萃ㄟ^了法律來鼓勵(lì)e﹣bike的使用，并將其與摩托車區(qū)分開來。此外，e﹣bikes在價(jià)格上也更加親民，現(xiàn)在可以與高端山地自行車相媲美。最后，自行車倡導(dǎo)組織也開始支持e﹣bikes，認(rèn)為它們可以幫助那些無法騎行得太遠(yuǎn)或太快的人?！窘獯稹浚?）考查名詞與語境理解。A.advantages優(yōu)勢(shì)；B.processes進(jìn)程；C.barriers障礙；D.complements補(bǔ)充。句意：研究表明，汗流浹背地上班是讓想騎車上下班的人下車的最大障礙之一。根據(jù)前一句可知，在阿爾伯塔省卡爾加里騎自行車上下班的痛苦之處是要經(jīng)過很陡的河谷山，所以汗流浹背地上班是讓想騎車上下班的人下車的最大障礙之一。故選C。（2）考查名詞與語境理解。A.riders騎車者；B.builders施工人員；C.customers客戶；D.volunteers志愿者。句意：在洛杉磯這樣的城市尤其如此，在那里，騎車者可能要面對(duì)漫長的路線、山丘或炎熱的街道，而且沒有樹蔭。該空所在處是非限定性定語從句的主語，此處指"騎行者"。故選A。（3）考查名詞與語境理解。A.production生產(chǎn)；B.communication交流；C.facilities設(shè)施；D.transportation交通。句意：最大的障礙可能是過時(shí)的態(tài)度，認(rèn)為自行車只是一種娛樂運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)，而不是一種實(shí)用的交通選擇。根據(jù)句意可知，該空指的是騎自行車是一種交通選擇。故選D。（4）考查名詞與語境理解。A.routine常規(guī)；B.potential可能性；C.temporary臨時(shí)工；D.major專業(yè)。句意：在北美各城市都在努力應(yīng)對(duì)交通擁堵和減少氣候排放的時(shí)候，電動(dòng)自行車有可能緩解這兩個(gè)問題。根據(jù)空前句可知，自行車有緩解交通擁堵和減少氣候排放的可能。故選B。（5）考查動(dòng)詞短語與語境理解。A.makeof理解；B.carryon繼續(xù)；C.bringup撫養(yǎng)；D.takeoff騰飛。句意：然而，乘客數(shù)量尚未真正騰飛。根據(jù)后文的"去年，美國售出了大約15.2萬輛電動(dòng)自行車，如果美國人的使用速度和西歐人一樣，這個(gè)數(shù)字將超過500萬輛。"可知，銷售數(shù)量還沒有騰飛。選D。（6）考查名詞與語境理解。A.adaptation改編；B.adoption采用；C.adjustment調(diào)整；D.justification正當(dāng)理由。句意：在北美，電動(dòng)自行車普及的許多障礙都是立法方面。根據(jù)句意可知，該空指的是：采用電動(dòng)自行車作為交通工具，即普及電動(dòng)自行車的障礙來自立法方面。故選B。（7）考查動(dòng)詞與語境理解。A.proved證明；B.alerted使警覺；C.banned禁止；D.authorized授權(quán)。句意：在一些司法管轄區(qū)，相關(guān)規(guī)定將電動(dòng)自行車更像助力車，而不是傳統(tǒng)的腳踏自行車，這意味著它們被禁止進(jìn)入自行車道，也不能登上公共交通工具。根據(jù)空后的"也不能登上公共交通工具"可知，該空意思是"禁止"。故選C。（8）考查副詞與語境理解。A.however然而；B.unless除非；C.meanwhile與此同時(shí)；D.anyway不管怎樣。句意：然而，在歐洲大陸上，沒有幾個(gè)地方比加州更有能力突破這些障礙。根據(jù)后文可知，加州突破了這一禁止，該空表示前后文意思的轉(zhuǎn)折。故選A。（9）考查動(dòng)詞與語境理解。A.originate起源；B.combine組合；C.separate區(qū)分；D.satisfy使?jié)M意。句意：為了消除人們對(duì)渦輪增壓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)以不安全的速度在人行道和自行車道上飛馳的擔(dān)憂，該法律將自行車分為不同的等級(jí)，以區(qū)分低速電動(dòng)自行車（最高時(shí)速為20英里）和速度更快的"速度自行車"（限速為20英里/小時(shí)），后者被限制在受保護(hù)的自行車道上。根據(jù)該空上下文意思可知，該空意思是"區(qū)分"。故選C。（10）考查名詞與語境理解。A.factors因素；B.benefits益處；C.limits范圍；D.damages損害。句意：在這些立法上的好處中，消費(fèi)者更容易獲得電動(dòng)自行車。根據(jù)空后的"消費(fèi)者更容易獲得電動(dòng)自行車"可知，該空意思是"好處，益處"。故選B。（11）考查形容詞與語境理解。A.proper合適的；B.critical批判的；C.sensational激動(dòng)人心的；D.difficult困難的。句意：在自行車店里找到電動(dòng)自行車并不像以前那么困難，而且隨著鋰離子電池價(jià)格的下降，電動(dòng)自行車的成本也在下降。該句含notas…as…，表示比較，結(jié)合句意可知，該空意思是"困難"。故選D。（12）考查形容詞與語境理解。A.expensive昂貴的；B.distinctive獨(dú)特的；C.sensitive過敏的；D.intensive加強(qiáng)的。句意：如今，一輛像樣的電動(dòng)自行車雖然仍然很貴，但價(jià)格與一輛高端山地車相當(dāng)。該句是while引導(dǎo)的讓步主語從句，根據(jù)空后意思可推測(cè)，意思是"貴的"。故選A。（13）考查名詞與語境理解。A.trouble困難；B.concern擔(dān)心；C.power權(quán)力；D.scale規(guī)模。句意：多年來，人們一直對(duì)踏板和馬達(dá)的混合動(dòng)力感到擔(dān)憂，如今，倡導(dǎo)騎自行車的組織終于開始支持電動(dòng)自行車。根據(jù)句意，該空處意思是"擔(dān)心"。故選B。（14）考查動(dòng)詞與語境理解。A.favored支持；B.folded折疊；C.referred參考；D.gifted贈(zèng)送。句意：加州自行車聯(lián)盟的執(zhí)行董事戴夫?斯奈德支持該州的新立法，部分原因是有人主張，電動(dòng)自行車可以幫助那些"騎得不夠遠(yuǎn)或不夠快"的人。根據(jù)空后文可知，戴夫?斯奈德持支持態(tài)度。故選A。（15）考查名詞與語境理解。A.appeal呼吁；B.address地址；C.amount數(shù)量；D.advocate倡導(dǎo)。句意：加州自行車聯(lián)盟的執(zhí)行董事戴夫?斯奈德支持該州的新立法，部分原因是有人主張，電動(dòng)自行車可以幫助那些"騎得不夠遠(yuǎn)或不夠快"的人。該空位于介詞on后，應(yīng)該是名詞，其后是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，該空表達(dá)的是"基于這個(gè)倡導(dǎo)上"。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空所涉及的內(nèi)容廣泛，考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)難度在逐漸提高。要做好此類題，首先要通讀全文，初步了解文章大意；然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，再讀文章，考慮上下文句意的銜接，結(jié)合語法、句法、詞法，做到語義通順，初步確定選項(xiàng)；完成初步填后，再通讀文章，檢查文章是否通順流暢，用詞是否得當(dāng)，意思是否完整。SectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，candD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.17．（8分）Amongallthedifferenttypesofjourneythatpeopleundertaketherearealsothoseofaspiritualnature.Someofthetripswedoinourlivesarepurelyforpleasure，somearemeanttomakeusstronger，sometimeswetraveltoexploreandlearn，andinalloftheseundertakingswegrowandbecomewiser.Thereisalotwecanlearnfromthelandthatsurroundsusandthebestwaytoacquirethatknowledgeisbytravelingandexperiencing.Thisancientaboriginalinitiationritualinvolvesexactlythis：alongspiritualhikeacrosstheindigenousland.Althoughwidelyknownas"Walkabout，"inlateryearstheritualhasbeenreferredtoas"temporarymobility，"becausetheformerisoftenusedasaderogatoryterminAustralianculture.AyoungmanonWalkaboutHistoricallyspeaking，thewalkaboutisariteofpassageinwhichyoung（adolescent）AboriginalAustraliansundertakeajourneythatwillhelp"transform"themintoadults.Thejourneyisusuallymadebetweentheagesof10and16.Duringthisjourneywhichcanlastforuptosixmonths，theindividualisrequiredtoliveandsurviveallaloneinthewilderness.Thisisnotaneasythingtodo，especiallynotforteenagers.Thatiswhyonlythosewhohaveproventhemselvesmentallyandphysicallyreadyareallowedtoproceedwiththewalkabout.Onlytheeldersofthegroupdecidewhetheritistimeornotforthechildtodoit.Thechildrenarenotcompletelyunpreparedforthejourney.Duringtheyearsbeforethewalkabout，theeldersinstructthemandgivethemadviceabouttheceremonyandadultlifeingeneral；theyhavebeenpassedthe"secrets"ofthetribe，theknowledgeabouttheirworld.AboriginalwomanThosewhoareinitiatedinthewalkaboutarealsodecoratedwithbodypaintandornaments.Sometimestheyaremarkedwithapermanentsymbolontheirbodies.Insomecases，atoothisremovedfromthemouth，orthenoseorearsoftheinitiatedarepierced.Traditionalwalkaboutclothesincludeonlyasimpleloinclothandnothingmore.Duringawalkabout，ayoungpersoncansometimestraveladistanceofovera1，000miles.Inordertosurvivethislonghike，theparticipantinthewalkaboutmustbeabletomaketheirownshelterandmustbecapableofprocuringfoodandwaterforthemselves.Thatmeansheneedstohunt，catchfish，andalsorecognizeandutilizeedibleandhealingplants.Theinitiatedyoungstermustlearntoidentifyplantssuchasbushtomatoes，Illawarraplums，quandongs，lilly﹣pillies，Muntariberries，wattleseeds，Kakaduplums，andbunyanuts.（1）Whatcanbereferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsofthepassage？BA.Australianslike