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2024年廣州市七年級(jí)下英語(yǔ)期末總復(fù)習(xí)(學(xué)問點(diǎn)歸納)
七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unitl-8期末總復(fù)習(xí)
UnitlPeoplearoundus
Keyphrases
1.hard-workingadj.“勤勉的,努力工作的”作定語(yǔ)
workhard動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu)短語(yǔ)
2.bepatientwithsb.“對(duì)某人有耐性“
3.take(one's)timetodosth.”花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”
Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.=sb.spendsometimeonsth./(in)doingsth.
“做某事需花費(fèi)……時(shí)間”
4.likedoingsth.“喜愛做某事,(表喜愛、愛好某種常常的或習(xí)慣性的活動(dòng))
liketodosth.“喜爰去做”(表喜爰、爰好某種特定的或詳細(xì)的活動(dòng))
Eg.IlikevisitingfriendsonSundaysandIliketovisitTomthisSunday.
likesb.todosth.“喜愛某人做某事"Eg.Wealllikehimtoplaytheguitar
like介詞Eg.Shelookslikeherfather.
5.with
同,與,和talkwithafriend
用(工具、手段)cutmeatwithaknife
在...身邊(隨身攜帶)Doyouhaveanymoneywithyou?
Takeanumbrellawithyou?
以...,帶著...Sheoftentalkswithsmile.
6.always頻率副詞“總是"be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前
Eg.Ourteacherisalwayskindtous.
“始終;(將)恒久;老是(用于進(jìn)行時(shí))”
Eg.Iwillalwaysrememberyourwords.
Sheisalwaysmovingthingsaround.
Hehasalwaysbeenthetutor.
always>usually>often
7.probablyadv.”也許;很可能”
adj.“可能的,也許”
Eg.rilprobablybeadoctorinthefuture.
Itisprobabletofinishthejobbeforedark.
8.intheworld世界上
allovertheworld=throughouttheworld全世界
9.neveradv.是ever的否定形式,用于加強(qiáng)否定語(yǔ)氣。位于be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞后,行為
動(dòng)詞前;語(yǔ)氣比not強(qiáng)。反義詞always
notadv.“沒有,不"---表示否定,用在助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后
noadv.adj.“沒有的;不許的;一點(diǎn)也沒有;不”——用于否定回答
nothing不定代詞“沒有動(dòng)詞;沒有事情”
Eg.Weneveruseit.
Idon'tknow.
Ifsnousedoingit.
Ihavenothingforyou.
10.aswell副詞短語(yǔ),位于句尾,有時(shí)與連詞and或but搭配運(yùn)用。
“也,又,還有,同樣的”同義詞:also,too
Eg.HespeaksEnglishandSpanishaswell
=HespeaksEnglishandhespeaksSpanish,too.
=HespeaksEnglishandhealsospeaksSpanish.
Heisaworkerandapoetaswell.
tooadv.一般位于句尾或插入語(yǔ)放在句中,只用于確定句,口語(yǔ)中與also通用
alsoadv.用在句中,一般放在be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前
aswellas用作介詞“還有,不但...而且....”
在AaswellasB的結(jié)構(gòu)中,語(yǔ)意重點(diǎn)在A,不在Bo
Eg.Hethinkstheotherwayisbetter.Ido,too.
HealsolikesEnglish.=HelikesEnglish,too.
HecanspeakSpanishaswellasEnglish.
11.takecareof=lookafter照看,照看
12.misssb.verymuch特別惦念某人
miss用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),還有“漏掉,錯(cuò)過(機(jī)會(huì));丟掉”
13.tomakemelaugh
makefunof=laughat取笑...,嘲弄....
14.makeastudyof=study
makesb./sth.+形容詞(作賓補(bǔ)),“使……怎么樣”
Eg.ltmademehappy.
Wearedoingourbesttomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.
makesb.Dosth.使某人做某事
Eg.Hisjokesmadeusalllaugh.
15.begoodat擅長(zhǎng)...=dowellin在某方面做的好反義表達(dá):bepoorat
Eg.HeisgoodatJapanese.=HedoeswellinJapanese.
Theyareverygoodatplayingfootball.=Theydoverywellinplayingfootball.
16.remain作系動(dòng)詞后接名詞或形容詞“始終保持,仍舊(處于某種狀態(tài))
17.befullof充溢...與befilledwith
adj.V.
Thebasketisfilledwithapples.=Thebasketisfullofapples.
18.bestrictaboutsth.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格
bestrictwithsb.對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格
bestrictinsth./doingsth.在(做)某事上要求嚴(yán)格
Eg.Ourteacherisalwaysstrictwithus.
Wemustbestrictaboutthisproblem.
Ourteacherisverystrictinherwork
19.support不行數(shù)名詞"支持”
Eg.Pleasegivemesomesupport.
Iwanttogetsomesupportfrommyfriends.
20.giveup動(dòng)副短語(yǔ)“放棄”不行帶賓語(yǔ)可跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)
Eg.theproblemistoodifficult.Ishallgiveitup.l
Hehasgivenupsmoking.二Hehasstoppedsmoking.
21.successfuladj."勝利的"success一n.Succeed—v.
Eg.Hisoperationisverysuccessful.
Heisasuccessfulbusinessman.
Nothingsucceedslikesuccess.一事勝利,事事順當(dāng)。
22.phonesb.=callsb.“打電話”
23.askaboutsth.(sb.)“詢問有關(guān)某事(或某人)的狀況”
askaftersb.“問候某人(的健康)”
askforsth.“要求得到某物或要求與某人見面”
asktodosth,“要求或懇求做某事”
asksb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”
Eg.Theyallaskafteryou.
Heaskedforsomewater.
AMrSmithisaskingforyou.
Theyaskedmeforhelp.
Heaskedherforheraddress.
Heaskedtogowithus.
Heaskedustowaitforhimatthegate.
24.takenotes=makenotes”做筆記,做記錄”
note與take構(gòu)成固定搭配必需用復(fù)數(shù)形式
Keygrammar
冠詞
冠詞分為不定冠詞(a,an),定冠詞(the),和零冠詞。
I.不定冠詞的用法:
1指一類人或事,相當(dāng)于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.
2第一次提及某人某物,非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.
3表示“每一”相當(dāng)于every,oneWestudyeighthoursaday.
4表示“相同”相當(dāng)于thesameWearenearlyofanage.
用于人名前,表示不相識(shí)此人或與某名人有類AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout
5
似性質(zhì)的人或事ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.
Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,havea
6用于固定詞組中
walk,manyatime
7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.
8用于so(as,too,how)+形容詞之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.
II-定冠詞的用法:
1用于世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物名詞前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean
2表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過的人或事Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?
3用于樂器前面playtheviolin,playtheguitar
4表示“一家人”或“夫婦________________________theGreens,theWangs
5用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)前Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.
6上文提到的事物,再次提到Ihaveapen,thepenisverybeautiful.
用于方位名詞,身體部位名詞,及表示時(shí)間的詞組
7Hepattedmeontheshoulder,intheeas
前
8用于國(guó)家黨派等以及江河湖海,山川群島的名詞前theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,
theFrench
III.零冠詞的用法:
專出名詞,物質(zhì)名詞,抽象名詞,人名地名等名詞
1BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air
前
名詞前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseis
2
制this?
3球類,棋類名詞前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.
4與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前bytrain,byair,byland
Practice
()1.——WhatdoesMrBlackdo?
------HeisEnglishteacher.
A/BtheCanDa
()2.traingoesfasterthanbus.
A.A;aB.A;theC.The;theDThe;a
()3.It'searly.Wehavehalfhourtogo.
AanBaCtheD/
()4.Eveningcame,wecouldseeoldmansittingundertalltree.
Aan;/Bthe;/Ca;theDa;the
()5.Wehavelunchin_____middleofday.
A/;a;/Bthe;/;anCa;the;/D/;the;the
()6.------Whichonedoyouwant?
---------------blueone,Ithink.
A.TheB.AC.AnD.不填
()7.-DoesJimhaveruler?
一Yes,hehas.
A.an;someB.a;oneC.a;/D.any;one
()8.Thereisoldbike.oldbikeisMrZhao's.
A.an;TheB.the;AnC.a;TheD.the;The
()9.appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.
A.TheB.AC.AnD.Two
()10.一Howmanybooksdoyouhave?
一Ihavebook.That'sEnglishbook.
A.a;anB.a;oneC.one;anD.one;one
()1l.AtthattimeTomwasone-year-oldbaby.
A.aB.anC.theD./
()12.tigerisChina.
A.The;aB.A;theC.The;fromD.The;the
()13.Wecan*tseesunatnight.
A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;/
()14.usefulbookitis!
A.WhatanB.HowaC.WhataD.What
()15.Oneafternoonhefoundhandbag.Therewas"s"onthecornerof
handbag.
A.a;an;theB.a;a;theC.an;an;anD.the;a;a
()16.oldladywithwhitehairspokeEnglishwellatmeeting.
A.An;an;aB.The;/;anC.The;/;aD.The;/;the
()17.GreatWallislongestwallintheworld.
A.A;aB.The;theC.A;theD.The;a
()18.newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.
A.The;aB.A;/C.A;theD.An;the
()19.womanoverthereispopularteacherinourschool.
A.A;anB.The;aC.The;theD.A;the
()20.Heusedtobeteacherbutlaterheturnedwriter.
A.a;aB.a;theC./;aD.a;/
Unit2Travellingaroundtheworld
Keyphrases
1.aroundprep.“圍繞;在..四周”Eg.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.
adv.”大約;至(J處“Eg.Thebagisaroundthreekilos.Ifoundnobodyaround.
2.besillytodosth.=Ifssillyofsb.todosth.
Eg.Youaresillytospendsomuchmoneyonclothes.
=Ifssillyofyoutospendsomuchmoneyonclothes.
3.Frenchadj.法國(guó)的,法國(guó)人的;法語(yǔ)的
TheFrench(=Frenchpeople)likedeliciousfood.
4.famous比well-known知名度更高
Eg.Thisbookisnotonlywell-known,butalsofamous.
眾所周知的著名的
5.westn.“西,西方,西部"Westernadj.“西面的;西部的”
6.placesofinterest名勝古跡
7.suchas列舉整體之中的部分同類事物;插在被列舉事物與前面的名詞之間;后面不行有
逗號(hào);后接名詞或名詞詞組,可與andsonon連用
forexample用來舉例說明;在句中作插入語(yǔ),置于句首、句中、句末;后面需有逗號(hào)
Eg.IvisitedsomecitiessuchasBeijing,ShanghaiandDalian.
rdliketokeepapet,forexample,adog.
8.befamousfor因……而著名
befamousas以...(身份)而出名
Eg.ChinaisfamousfortheGreatWall.
MarkTwinwasfamousasastorywriter.
主語(yǔ)befamousfor因作品或特征而出名
是人befamousas作為某種身份而出名
主語(yǔ)是地點(diǎn)befamousfor因某種特點(diǎn)(產(chǎn)品、建筑、名勝)而出名
befamousas以什么產(chǎn)地/地方而出名
Eg.Heisfamousforhisgreatinventions.
Heisfamousasagreatinventor.
Franceisfamousforitsfinefoodandwine.
Thetownisfamousasawine-producingplace.
9.excellentadj.=verygood,wonderful
beexcellentat/insth,在某方面優(yōu)秀
lO.makewine釀造葡萄酒
bemadebysb.由某人制成Eg.Thiscoatwasmadebymymother.
bemadeofsth.由...制成(能看出原材料)Eg.Ourdesksaremadeofwood.
bemadefrom由...制成(看不出原材料)Eg.Thiskindofpaperismadefromgrass.
bemadeinto被制成...Eg.Woodcanbemadeintomanykindsoffurniture.
bemadein在...地方制作或生產(chǎn)Eg.ThiskindofcarismadeinShenzhen.
11.onthecoast在海岸線上,在海岸alongthecoast沿海岸線
onthebeach在海灘上alongthebeach沿海灘
bythesea在海邊,靠海bysea經(jīng)海陸,乘船
12.by就在身邊,比near距離更近一些Eg.wespendtheholidaybythesea.看得見海
near不明確的旁邊、不遠(yuǎn)處Eg.Wespendtheholidaynearthesea.
13.prefertodosth.=liketodosth.better更喜爰做某事
prefer+名詞/動(dòng)名詞
preferAtoB喜爰A賽過B
prefertodosth.ratherthan(to)dosth.更情愿...,不愿....
Eg.Hepreferstowalkintherain.
Iprefertospendtheweekendathome.
Doyouprefermeatorfish?
Ipreferdogstocats.
Iprefertogoshoppingratherthanstayathome.
=1prefergoingshoppingtostayingathome.
14.trydoingsth.嘗試著去做某事;常常表示建議做某事
trytodo努力設(shè)法去做某事,試圖、盡力做某事
Eg.Hetriedtoclimbthetree,buthecouldnot.
Whydon'tyoutrylisteningtosomelightmusic.
15.Whynotaskforyourteacher5shelp?=Whydon'tyouaskforyourteacher9shelp.
16.infact事實(shí)上,事實(shí)上作狀語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)或訂正前句
17.metres+tall人物metres+high建筑物
18.almost=nearly
19.goto+地點(diǎn)名詞到達(dá)某處同義表達(dá):arriveat/in;reach
Eg.Hegetstoschoolat7:00everyday.
=Hearrivesatschoolat7:00everyday.
=Hereachesschoolat7:00everyday.
2O.takealift=gobylift
Keygrammar
專出名詞(propernoun)
(1)專出名詞可表示的名稱:
人名如:Jenny
地名如:China
節(jié)日名稱如:theSpringfestival
星期名稱如:Sunday
月份名稱如:May
組織機(jī)構(gòu)名稱如:theRedCross
書籍報(bào)刊名稱如:ChinaDaily
(2)留意事項(xiàng):
①一般狀況,專出名詞的第一個(gè)字母大寫,前面不能用不定冠詞“a”或“an”,通常沒復(fù)數(shù)形
式。
Eg:BeijingisthecapitalofChina.
②有時(shí)專出名詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化成一般名詞,轉(zhuǎn)化后它具有一般名詞的特性,可以在其面前加不
定冠詞“a”,也可以在其詞尾加表示復(fù)數(shù)形式的“s”。
Eg:AMrGreencalledjustnow.
③姓氏是專出名詞,一般狀況下,沒復(fù)數(shù)形式,前面也不能加定冠詞“the”。但假如姓氏前
面加定冠詞“the”,并后面加上“s”時(shí)。則表示“一家人”(其謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù))。
Eg:TheBlacksarehavingdinner.
④有些專出名詞表面上看是復(fù)數(shù)形式,但實(shí)際運(yùn)用中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式。
Eg:TheUnitedStatesisinAmerica.
并列連詞:and,but,so
Practice
I用連詞and,but,和so填空。
Mybrotherisill,Ihavetostayathome.
Hehasalotofmoney,hespendslittle.
Takesomemedicine,youwillfeelbetter.
Icametoseehim,hewasn'tathome.
Workhard,youwillpasstheEnglishexam.
II單項(xiàng)填空
1.Theyaregoodatswimming,Iamnot.
A.andB.butC.soD.or
2.Theoldwomancan'treadwrite.
A.andB.orC.butD.andcan
3.Johnfelttired,hestillwentonworking.
A.Because;soB.Although;butC./;soD./;but
4.Heisrich,heisn'thappy.
A.butB.andC.orD.so
5.Lucyhasseenthefilm,Lilyhasn't.
A.andB.orC.butD.so
6.-Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithme?
—rdliketo,I'mafraidIhavenotime.
A.soB.orC.andD.but
7.Jenny,putonyourcoatyouwillcatchacold.
A.butB.andC.orD.so
8.LastnightIwenttobedlate,Iamreallytirednow.
A.soB.orC.butD.because
Unit3Ouranimalfriends
Keyphrases
1blindadj.失明的作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)前加定冠詞the表示一類人
Eg.Heisblind.
Hewasateacheroftheblind.
【固定搭配】(as)blindasabat視力極差的,幾乎看不見的
beblindto...對(duì)...視而不見
turnablindeyeto...對(duì)...熟視無(wú)睹
Eg.Heisblindtohisownfaults.
2.Televisionprogramme
3.helpfuladj.有幫助的,有益的近義詞:useful反義詞:helpless(無(wú)助的)
Eg.Ourteachersarekindandhelpful.
4.meanvt.過去式:meant”表示.的意思”名詞:meaning(意思;意義)
Eg.Whatdoyoumeanbysayingthat?
Whatdoesthiswordmean?=What'sthemeaningofthisword?
5.welcomeadj.“受歡迎的”
【拓展】感嘆詞“歡迎"Eg.WelcometoChina!
Vt.“歡迎(人),欣然接受(看法)”
Eg.AllthestudentsandteacherswelcomeDoctorBrown.
交際用語(yǔ)“不用謝,不客氣”
Eg.—Thankyouforyourhelp.-You'rewelcome.
6.sorryadj.“對(duì)不起”用于對(duì)別人有損害或做錯(cuò)事時(shí)。besorry+句子“對(duì)...愧疚”
【拓展】besorrytodosth.愧疚做某事Eg.I'msorrytotroubleyou.
besorryaboutsth.為某事感到缺憾
besorryforsb,為某人感到難受、憐憫
Eg.I'msorryaboutwhafshappened.感到缺憾
Iamverysorryforthefamily.特別憐憫
交際口語(yǔ)聽到難受或不開心的消息時(shí)的回答
Eg.—Pmafraidhe'sill.—Fmsorrytohearthat.
Excuseme通常用在打攪別人或吸引別人留意時(shí),在說或做某事之前運(yùn)用
Sorry在說活做這件事之后運(yùn)用,表示歉意
Eg.Excuseme,whereisthebank?
Sorry,Ican'trememberyourname.
7.anywhereadv."任何地方;無(wú)論何處”(用于否定句、疑問句或條件從句)
Eg.Ihaven'tgotanywheretolive.沒找到住的地方。
Didyoutrytogethelpfromanywhere.
Ifyougoanywhere,takemewithyou.
【拓展】somewhere"在某處”用于確定句中
nowhere“無(wú)處,任何地方都不(表示否定意義,等于not...anywhere)”
8.byoneself獨(dú)自在句中用作狀語(yǔ)Eg.Icandoitbymyself.
9.apologizevi”致歉,認(rèn)錯(cuò)”=saysorry
【短語(yǔ)】apologizetosb.=saysorrytosb,向某人致歉
apologizeforsth./doingsth.為(做)某事致歉用
Eg.Youmustapologizetoherforhavingkeptherwaiting.
lO.leadvt&vi(過去式led)“弓|導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)"leadsb.to…引領(lǐng)某人去某處
Eg.Theboyledtheblindmantotheothersideoftheroad.
1l.fallasleep"入睡"同義:gotosleep
sleep為adj.n.—sleep
Eg.IfellasleepsoonafterIwenttobedlastnight.不久就睡覺了
12.starttodosth.=begintodosth.還可用startdoingsth.
Eg.ltstartedraining[torain].起先下雨了。
13.wakevi&vt.醒;喚醒。
wakeup醒來;
wakeupsb.(wakesb.up)喚醒某人。
Eg.Hismotherwakeshimupeverymorning,forhecan'twakeuphimself,
rilwakehimuprightnow.
14.withone'shelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的幫助下
Eg.IworkedouttheproblemwithMary'shelp.在Mary的幫助下
15.getdown蹲下;趴下;下車
Eg.Shegotdownonthefloor.
Wegetdownatthenextstation.下車
16.nexttoprep.緊令B;在.近旁Eg.Comeandsitnexttome.
17.get...outof...使..從...出去
getoutof...從...出去,離開
Eg.Thepolicegottheboyoutofthehouseonfire.
Hegotoutofthecarattheschoolgate.
18.attheairport在機(jī)場(chǎng)
19.dangerousthings“有害物品,危急物品”
dangerousadj.危急的比較級(jí):moredangerous最高級(jí):mostdangerous
dangern.indanger”處于危急中”
Eg.Thiskindofanimalisdangerous.動(dòng)物是危急的
Thiskindofanimalsisindanger.面臨危急
2O.appearvi出現(xiàn),顯現(xiàn)反義詞:disappearn.appearance外貌、外觀
Eg.Arainbowappearedintheskyaftertherain.出現(xiàn)一道彩虹
21.push...awayfrom...JE....從....推開
toofaraway離得太遠(yuǎn)
Keygrammar
Reflexivepronouns反身代詞
1.反身代詞的基本用法是在句子中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。(反身代詞反指句子的主語(yǔ),表示“本
人或“親自”)
Didyouenjoyyourselflastnight?
Weshouldnotthinkonlyofourselves.
Hedidthehomeworkhimself.
2.byoneself形式,其含義為alone(單獨(dú)地,獨(dú)自地)
Iwentonholidaybyhimself.(=Iwentonholidayalone.)
ShelearntEnglishbyherself.(=)
3.反身代詞常用于某些固定搭配中。
allbyoneselflearnbyoneselfthinktooneself
saytooneselfteachoneselfleaveonebyoneselfmakeoneselfathome
練習(xí)用適當(dāng)?shù)姆瓷泶~完成句子。
1.I'mnotangrywithyou.I'mangrywith.
2.MargrarethadanicetimeinLondon.Sheenjoyedsomuch.
3.MyfriendshadanicetimeinLondon.Theyenjoyedverymuch.
4.Heneverthinksaboutotherpeople.Heonlythinksabout.
5.1wanttoknowmoreaboutyou.Tellmeabout.(oneperson)
6.Goodbye!Haveaniceholidayandlookafter.(twopeople)
7.1cookedamealandthenIwatchedtelevision.
8.Sheputtheplatesonthetableandtoldthemtohelptothefood.
9.Tomhurtwhenhewasplayingfootball.
10.Wepaintedthewholehouse.
其他
1.Don'tworryaboutme.I'moldenoughtothinkfor.
A.himselfB.herselfC.yourselfD.myself
2.Mr.MrehasmoremoneythanMr.Little.Buthedoesn'tenjoy.
A.heB.himC.hisD.himself
3.翻譯:幫助別人就是幫助自己。Helpingothersishelping
Prepositionsofposition方位介詞
l.in的用法
1)in可以用來表示“在一個(gè)被包圍的空間中二
inaroom/ashop/acar/thewater...
2)in用來表示“在一大片平面的地域內(nèi)”
inagarden/atown/thecitycentre/France
3)in常見短語(yǔ)
inbedinhospital/inprisonintheskyinthemiddleintheworldinaphotograph/inapicture
4)inanewspaper和onanewspaper的區(qū)分
2.at的用法
1)at可以用來表示“特別靠近”,“在…旁邊”
atthedeskatthedooratthetrafficlights
2)在面積較小的地方前面加at
athomeatthebusstopatthestationattheairport
atthedoctor'satthehotel
3.on的用法:l)on意為“在…上面”。常指一個(gè)物體的垂直上方,并接觸。
ontheshelfonaplateonabalconyontheflooronawall
2)常用短語(yǔ)
Onabus/onatrain/onaplane/onaship
Onthegroundfloor/onthefirstfloor
Onthewayhome
4.to的用法:1)用來表示“到…彳主…"go/come/return/walkto...
翻譯:簡(jiǎn)下個(gè)星期去法國(guó)。
2)在here、there、home前省略介詞to
翻譯:我要回家了。
3)from...to...
Wewalkedfromthehoteltothestation.
5.by的用法:用于表述地點(diǎn)或位置時(shí),是nextto或beside的意思,意為“靠近;緊靠”
Ourhouseisbythesea.
6.under的用法:指不與表面接觸且垂直的正下方。
Thecatisunderthetable.
Themanisstandingunderatree.
7.below和above的用法
above一般指不與表面接觸且不確定垂直的上方;below一般表示不與表面接觸且不確定垂
直的下方。
Unit4Savethetrees
Keyphrases
l.savevt.挽救;解救
Eg.Lefsdosomethingtosavetheanimalsindanger.
Thepolicesavedthechildfromthefire.
【拓展】save”節(jié)約、儲(chǔ)蓄”Eg.savemoneysavetime
【變形】safeadj.safetyn.
2.discussvt“探討”后接名詞(短語(yǔ))或wh-從句及wh-短語(yǔ)
discussionn.
Eg.Wediscussedtheproblem.
Wewilldiscusswhoshoulddoit.
Wewilldiscusswhattoteachnextterm.
3.leafn.“樹葉"復(fù)數(shù):leaves
Eg.Thefallofoneleafisenoughtotellthecomingofautumn.一葉知秋。
Theleavesturngreeninspring.變綠
4.help+do=help+todo"幫,忙估攵.”
help+名詞+(to)do“幫(某人)做...”
Eg.Ihelped(to)washthecar.
Ihelpedhim(to)lookforhiskey.
【拓展】help+with…或help+名詞+with…"在某方面幫忙”
Eg.CanIhelpyouwithyourwork?
Canyouhelpmewithmyhomework,Mary?
5.fightfor…”為.而戰(zhàn)"fight過去式:fought
fightagainst”與...作斗爭(zhēng)”
Eg.Heisfightingagainsthissickness.
Theyfightforfreedom.
6.providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.供應(yīng)應(yīng)某人...,為某人供應(yīng)....
Eg.Sheepprovideuswithwool.=Sheepprovidewoolforus.
7.inmanyways”在很多方面”
【短語(yǔ)】bytheway順便說一下inaway在某種程度上
inthewayofsb.阻礙某人onthewayto…在去...的途中
inthisway用這種方法
8.keep“使維持(某種狀態(tài))”
keep+名詞+形容詞Eg.Thenoisekepthimawake.
keep+名詞+副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)Eg.Don'tkeeptheboyoutside/intheroom.
keep+名詞+doingEg.Shekeptmewaitingforhalfanhour.
9.takein…"接受……,汲取……”
Eg.Thekindmanwouldliketotakeinthepoorboy.
Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills,魚用腮吸氧氣
10.breathe[i:]v.breath[e]n.
1l.make一般用詞,指任何東西的制造或制造過程Eg.Hemadethedeskhimself.
produce正式用詞,除表示大量生產(chǎn)制造外,還表示創(chuàng)建
Eg.Thetreewillproducesomeblossomnextyear.
12,infact事實(shí)上,事實(shí)上。用作狀語(yǔ),用于強(qiáng)調(diào)或訂正前句。
Eg.Hedoesn'tmind.Infactheispleased.
13.lookaround=lookround"四下環(huán)顧"vt./vi.
Eg.Lookaroundyoubeforecrossingthestreets.朝各方向看看
Don'tlookaroundwhenyoustudy.學(xué)習(xí)時(shí),別東張西望
14.fumiture不行數(shù)名詞(集合用法)表示件數(shù)時(shí)用piece
Eg.Wedon'thavemuchfurniture.有多少家具
Theyboughtafewpiecesoffurnitureyesterday.買了幾件家具
15.bemadeof"由.制成”制成品能看出原材料
bemadefrom制成品看不出原材料
Eg.Theshirtismadeofsilk.
Paperismadefromwood.
16.imaginevt.“設(shè)想;想象”不行用于進(jìn)行時(shí);不行跟動(dòng)詞不定式
imagine+名詞/動(dòng)名詞/賓語(yǔ)從句
Eg.Canyouimaginethelifewithoutelectricity?
Ican'timaginewhathelookslike.
17.cutdown'把.砍至Eg.Itisnotrighttocutdownthetrees.
18.millionsof"多數(shù)的,成千上萬(wàn)的”
19.stopsth./doing停止某事/做某事(停止做正在做的事情)
Eg.Didhestopwork/workinglatelastnight?
Hecan'tstopthinkingaboutit.
stoptodo表示中斷現(xiàn)在的行動(dòng)或活動(dòng)去做另一件事。不定式todo表示目的
Eg.Shestoppedreadingandclosedthebook.
Istoppedtoreadthenewspaper.
2O.payattentionto留意.
Eg.Youmustpayattentiontothisproblem.
Sheaskedtheboytopayattentiontohisspelling.
21.use...tomake=use...formaking
Eg.Weusewoodtomakeatable.=Weusewoodformakingatable.用木材制作桌子
22.begoodfor“對(duì).有好處,對(duì)...有好處”
Eg.Sportswillbegoodforherhealth.
23.【短語(yǔ)】asaresult結(jié)果,因此accordingto依據(jù)
thehabitofdrinkingtea喝茶的習(xí)慣theTangDynasty唐朝
Keygrammar
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
1、表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:
I'mbabysittingmyyoungerbrother.我在照看我弟弟。
Ifsrainingoutside.外面正在下雨。
2、表示現(xiàn)階段始終在進(jìn)行或不斷重復(fù)的動(dòng)作,但說話時(shí)該動(dòng)作并不確定在進(jìn)行。如:
He'swatchinganinterestingTVplaythesedays.
近來,他在看一部很好玩的電視劇。
AreyouteachingEnglishinaschool?你在學(xué)校教英語(yǔ)嗎?
3、表示最近的確定支配,即依據(jù)支配或支配在近期內(nèi)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這是表示眼前準(zhǔn)備
最一般的說法,但一般要與表示將來的時(shí)間連用,以避開現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)的含義上
的混淆。例如:
rmmeetingyouattheairportthisevening.今晚,我會(huì)到機(jī)場(chǎng)接你。
Whatareyouhavingfordinner?晚飯吃什么?
4、表示從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞(如go,come,drive,fly,travel,arrive,leave,
start,visit,run,return等),以及動(dòng)詞do等的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式,可以用來表示沒有確定支
配的確定或支配。
He'sleavingforBeijingtomorrow.他明天動(dòng)身去北京。
WhatareyoudoingnextSunday?下星期天你要干什么?
5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和always,usually,allthetime等連用時(shí),表示一種常常、反復(fù)的動(dòng)作,且
說話人往往帶有某種感情色調(diào)(如贊揚(yáng)、觀賞、厭煩、指責(zé)、驚異、不理解等)。例如:
She飛alwayshelpingothers.她總是樂于助人。(表示贊許)
Youarealwaystalkinginclass.你上課老是說話。(表示指責(zé))
二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)部分構(gòu)成
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)在句式的變更上,都應(yīng)在助動(dòng)詞be上做文章。
1、確定式:be(am,is,are)+Ving(現(xiàn)在分詞)如:
TheyarehavinganEnglishclass.他們?cè)谏嫌⒄Z(yǔ)課。
2、否定式:be(am,is,are)+not+Ving(現(xiàn)在分詞)如:
Theyaren'thavinganEnglishclass.他們不在上英語(yǔ)課。
3、疑問式:將be的詳細(xì)形式(即am,is或are)提前到句首。如:
AretheyhavinganEnglishclass?他們?cè)谏嫌⒄Z(yǔ)課嗎?
助動(dòng)詞變更口訣:變疑問,往前提,句后問號(hào)莫丟棄;變否定,更簡(jiǎn)單,be后not莫遺忘。
三、現(xiàn)在分詞的變更規(guī)則
1、一般在詞尾加-ing(一般-ing)。例如:going,playing,knowing
2、以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾,先去e再加-ing(去啞e)。例如:making,arriving,coming
3、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí),先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-ing(重
閉單輔先雙寫)。例如:running,stopping,preferring
4、以-ie結(jié)尾,先將-ie改成y,再加-ing。例如:tying,dying,lying
口訣:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行ing,以e結(jié)尾要去e,除去幾個(gè)特別詞,系住tie-tying死去die-dying要躺下
lie-lying,干脆ie變成yo
四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的常見提示語(yǔ)
1、在漢語(yǔ)中,通常有“在,正在”等提示詞。如:
我在做作業(yè)。Iamdoingmyhomework.
2、在英語(yǔ)中,最常見的提示詞有nowzlookzlisten以及atthemoment(此時(shí)此刻)等。如:
Lookztheyareplayingfootball.瞧!他們?cè)谔咦闱颉?/p>
五、運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常見的幾個(gè)錯(cuò)誤
1、把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞形式易出錯(cuò)。例:
(1)誤:Theyareswiming(swim).
正:Theyareswimming(swim).
(2)誤:Jennyisplaiing(play)football.
正:Jennyisplaying(play)football.
解析:A、動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)在分詞可有如下口訣:一般-ing;啞。先去e;重閉單輔先雙寫;-ie結(jié)尾
y來替。
B、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞的變更規(guī)則要與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)單三等規(guī)則區(qū)分開來。
2、謂語(yǔ)部分的構(gòu)成不完整:丟掉be動(dòng)詞,或遺忘把動(dòng)詞變成現(xiàn)在分詞。例:
(1)誤:Look!Twochildrenflying(fly)akiteinthepark.
正:Look!Twochildrenareflying(fly)akiteinthepark.
(2)誤:LiMingisn'tread(notread)abookinbednow.
正:LiMingisn'treading(notread)abookinbednow.
解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)部分的構(gòu)成是“be+現(xiàn)在分詞"二者缺一不行,這一點(diǎn)必須要牢記。
3、對(duì)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組提問時(shí),丟掉代動(dòng)詞doingo例:
Thestudentsaresingingintheroom.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)
一誤:Whatarethestudentsintheroom?
一正:Whatarethestudentsdoingintheroom?
解析:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中對(duì)動(dòng)作提問可記住此句式“What+be+主語(yǔ)+doing+其它?”或簡(jiǎn)寫為
“What……doing……?”句式。
4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)部分是并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),簡(jiǎn)單忽視其次個(gè)以及其次個(gè)以后的動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在
分詞形式。例:
孩子們?cè)谂苓€是在跳?
誤:Arethechildrenrunningorjump?
正:Arethechildrenrunningorjumping?
解析:or連接的是兩個(gè)并列成分,動(dòng)詞形式須一樣。
Practice
(-)單項(xiàng)選擇填空:
1、Look!Hetheirmotherdothehousework.
A.ishelpingB.arehelpC.ishelpD.ishelpping
2、aretheboysdoing?Theyaresingingintheroom.
A.WhoB.HowC.WhatD.Where
3、Don,ttalkhere.Mymother.
A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sle
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