第11講 閱讀理解-2024年八年級(jí)英語寒假提升學(xué)與練（解析版）

第11講閱讀理解目錄新知導(dǎo)航：熟悉題型，心中有數(shù)技巧精講：典型例題，掌握技巧小試牛刀：考點(diǎn)剖析，過關(guān)檢測培優(yōu)精練：好題新題，培優(yōu)提升【考點(diǎn)解讀】中學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱把培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀能力作為一個(gè)主要的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，而閱讀理解題是每次中考中分值最高的一類題。它是通過文字獲取信息以達(dá)到對(duì)作者的思想、觀點(diǎn)、意圖進(jìn)行了解、認(rèn)識(shí)和交流的目的。旨在考查考生的英語運(yùn)用能力及閱讀理解能力。那么如何在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)充分理解文章的主旨大意，準(zhǔn)確解題就是考生復(fù)習(xí)的重中之重了。【新課標(biāo)解讀】根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義；能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系；能預(yù)測故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局；能讀懂常見體裁的閱讀材料；能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的，運(yùn)用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息；除懂得用字典等工具進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)外，還能不借助字典讀懂含有3%左右生詞的語言材料。除教材外，課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)到15萬詞以上。【命題依據(jù)】1.能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的，運(yùn)用簡單的閱讀策略快速獲取細(xì)節(jié)信息。2.能把握所讀材料的中心思想和主要事實(shí)。3.能把握所讀材料的主要邏輯線索，事件和空間的順序。4.能根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解詞義。5.能根據(jù)上下文理解作者的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)和意圖。6.能找出文章中的主題，理解故事的情節(jié)，預(yù)測故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和結(jié)局。【能力要求】1.預(yù)測能力 2.快速閱讀能力（60—80詞/分） 3.整體理解能力4.快速準(zhǔn)確獲取關(guān)鍵信息的能力 5.把握主旨能力 6.把握段落主旨能力7.對(duì)西方文化的理解能力 8.句子結(jié)構(gòu)和文章結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力9.掌握一定的閱讀詞匯量（分層） 10.詞語意義的理解能力【題型特點(diǎn)】1.直觀性問題。直接引用原文中的語句或根據(jù)短文中原語句稍加改動(dòng)而編成。2.常識(shí)性問題。考查考生依據(jù)短文信息，并根據(jù)自己所具備的一般常識(shí)做出判斷的題型。3.理解性問題。考查考生對(duì)文章的中心思想、某段的段落大意、某一事實(shí)的細(xì)節(jié)及作者意圖等的理解程度。4.推理性問題。這類題需要在深刻理解短文后，再經(jīng)過推理判斷才能選出正確答案。閱讀理解考題的類型就是單選題。這類題型的選項(xiàng)要求學(xué)生在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上做出判斷，將短文內(nèi)容與備選項(xiàng)對(duì)比，把一些與短文內(nèi)容明顯相符或不相符的答案選出來。主要有四個(gè)考點(diǎn)：具體細(xì)節(jié)、主旨大意、推理判斷、詞義猜測。一、主旨大意題（Tofindoutthemainidea）其目的是考查考生對(duì)短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握。1.解題技巧：（1）抓住主題句，鎖定文章主旨。找主題句，應(yīng)先通讀全文，理解大意，充分理解主題句的意義。主題句一般具有以下特征：概括全段思想；一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中。解這種題目時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，比如涉及文章的標(biāo)題(title)、主題(mainidea)、結(jié)論(conclusion)、結(jié)局(end)等有關(guān)問題，都需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)、科學(xué)專業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理和判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)隱的信息。（2）抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。（3）抓住主線和關(guān)鍵，歸納文章中心。主旨題常見的命題形式：(1)Themainideaofthepassageis…(2)Thispassageismainlyabout…(3)Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistextis…(4)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?(5)What’sthetopicofthetext?【例】However,livinginacityalsohasbadsides.Foronething,youmustworkhardandtrytomakeasmuchmoneyasyoucan.Becauseitisoftenveryexpensivetoliveinacity.Also,publictransportisusuallycrowded,andeventheparkscanbecomefullofpeopleonSundays.Besides,althoughtherearemanypeopleinthecity,itisstillpossibletofeellonely(孤獨(dú)的).Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Somethingwecandointhecity.B．Thebadsidesoflivinginthecity.C．Thewriter’sfeelingaboutlivinginthecity.D．Thecrowdedpublictransport.【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“However,livinginacityalsohasbadsides.”可知，本段主要講述了在城市生活的缺點(diǎn)，故選B。二、細(xì)節(jié)理解題和細(xì)節(jié)判斷題(Tolookfordetails)細(xì)節(jié)題是用來進(jìn)一步表達(dá)主題、體現(xiàn)中心思想的，往往針對(duì)短文某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)來設(shè)題。1.?？碱}型：是非題、例證題、年代與數(shù)字、比較、原因、事實(shí)排序題、直接信息題、間接信息題、綜合信息題。2.解題技巧：（1）細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案。（2）變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案。（3）多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案。3.細(xì)節(jié)題常見的命題形式：（1）Whichofthefollowing

isTrue/NotTrue?（2）Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned?（3）Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexcept…（4）Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.（5）Where,how,who,why,howlong等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句要求判斷細(xì)節(jié)?！纠緿oyoulikelivinginacity?Lookatthegoodsides.Itisofteneasiertofindwork.Andthereisusuallyachoice(選擇)ofpublictransport(公共交通),soyoudon’tneedtoownacar.Also,therearealotofinterestingthingstodo.Forexample,youcaneatingoodrestaurants,payavisittomuseumsandgotothetheaterandconcert.What’smore,whenyouwanttorelax,youcaneasilyfindaparktofeedtheducksorjustsitontheparkbenchandreadabook.Allinall,citylifeisfullofinterestingactivitiesandyouwillneverfeelbored.Whatarethegoodsidesoflivinginthecity?makingasmuchmoneyasyoucanb.eatingingoodrestaurantsc.visitingmuseumsd.goingtotheconcertA．a(chǎn)bc B．a(chǎn)bd C．a(chǎn)be D．bcd【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,youcaneatingoodrestaurants,payavisittomuseumsandgotothetheaterandconcert.”可知，居住在城市的好處有：能去音樂會(huì)，能參觀博物館，能在好的餐館吃飯，故選D。三、詞義猜測題(Toguessthemeaning)詞義猜測題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義的能力。單詞的猜測能力是閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，初中英語學(xué)科教學(xué)基本要求規(guī)定，學(xué)生能根據(jù)上下文推測詞義，并能不借助詞典讀懂含有3%左右生詞的語言材料。1.解題技巧（1）通過因果關(guān)系猜測詞義。首先找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞（如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等）表示前因后果。Eg:Youshouldn’thaveblamehimforthat,foritwasn’thisfault.for引導(dǎo)的從句表示原因（那不是他的錯(cuò)），可猜出blame的詞義是“責(zé)備”。（2）通過同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞。通過同義詞猜詞，一要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，如：happyandgay,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞。如：ManwasknowingsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.此句中Venus，Mars，Jupiter均為生詞，但是只要知道planets就可以猜出這幾個(gè)詞都是屬于“行星”義域。通過反義詞猜詞，一看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如：but,while,however等；二看與not搭配的表示否定意義的詞。如：Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.根據(jù)notatall…h(huán)andsome就不難推測，homely意為“不英俊，不漂亮”之意。（3）通過構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義。閱讀文章時(shí)，總會(huì)遇到新詞匯，有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來推測，而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時(shí)，如果掌握了一些常用的合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化等詞法知識(shí)，這些問題便不難解決了。（4）通過定義或釋義說明來推測詞義。Eg:Butsometimes,norainfallsforalonglongtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.從drought所在句子的上下文我們可以得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期，即drought.由此可見drought意為“久旱”、“旱災(zāi)”，而adryperiod和drought是同義詞。這種同義或釋義關(guān)系用is,or,thatis,inotherwords,becalled或破折號(hào)等來表示。（5）通過描述猜測詞義。（6）用知識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)猜測詞義。（7）根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測。2.常見的詞義猜測題的命題形式：（1）Theword“…”inthepassageprobablymeans_________.（2）Whatdoestheunderlined(畫線的)word“…”mean______.（3）Theunderlinedwordmeans_________.（4）Theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“…”is__________inEnglish.（5）Theword“…”refersto________.注意事項(xiàng)：在做詞義猜測題時(shí)注意不要脫離語境。有些常用詞在特定的上下文或?qū)I(yè)性文章中具有特殊的或?qū)ｉT的詞義。在解這類題時(shí)，必須仔細(xì)地研讀畫線部分的上下文，有時(shí)閱讀的視線還要擴(kuò)大一些。如果離開特定的語言環(huán)境來理解生詞意義，必然會(huì)理解錯(cuò)誤?！纠緿oyoulikelivinginacity?Lookatthegoodsides.Itisofteneasiertofindwork.Andthereisusuallyachoice(選擇)ofpublictransport(公共交通),soyoudon’tneedtoownacar.Also,therearealotofinterestingthingstodo.Whichwordhasthesamemeaningas“own”?A．have B．share C．catch D．plan【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Andthereisusuallyachoice(選擇)ofpublictransport(公共交通),soyoudon’tneedtoownacar”可知，此處own意為“擁有”，與have同義，故選A。四、推理判斷題（Toinferaconclusion)推理判斷題在閱讀測試中屬于難題。推理判斷題就是根據(jù)某個(gè)事實(shí)推斷結(jié)論。包括：數(shù)據(jù)事實(shí)推斷、常識(shí)推斷以及作者的寫作目的、態(tài)度和傾向等的推斷1.解題技巧。推理判斷題分兩種，即對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的推理和對(duì)主旨的推理。解決此類題要注意，一是與原文相同的細(xì)節(jié)不能選，二是文中沒有出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)不能跳出文章做推斷。解題過程中只要注意上述兩點(diǎn)，再結(jié)合做細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題的方法，即可得出答案。2.推理判斷題常見的命題形式：（1）Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.（2）Thewritersuggeststhat_______.（3）Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_______.（4）Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat_______.（5）Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat_______.【例】Doyoulikelivinginacity?Lookatthegoodsides.Itisofteneasiertofindwork.Andthereisusuallyachoice(選擇)ofpublictransport(公共交通),soyoudon’tneedtoownacar.Also,therearealotofinterestingthingstodo.Forexample,youcaneatingoodrestaurants,payavisittomuseumsandgotothetheaterandconcert.What’smore,whenyouwanttorelax,youcaneasilyfindaparktofeedtheducksorjustsitontheparkbenchandreadabook.Allinall,citylifeisfullofinterestingactivitiesandyouwillneverfeelbored.However,livinginacityalsohasbadsides.Foronething,youmustworkhardandtrytomakeasmuchmoneyasyoucan.Becauseitisoftenveryexpensivetoliveinacity.Also,publictransportisusuallycrowded,andeventheparkscanbecomefullofpeopleonSundays.Besides,althoughtherearemanypeopleinthecity,itisstillpossibletofeellonely(孤獨(dú)的).Ithinkyoungpeoplelikecitylifebetterbecausetheylovetheexcitementofthecityanddon’tmindthenoiseorthepollution.1.Wherecanwereadthispassage?A．Astorybook. B．Asportsmagazine.C．Aletter. D．Anewspaper.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了在城市生活的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，因此可能在報(bào)紙上看到，故選D。2．Howdoesthewritermakethepassagecleartous?A．Hewritesstories. B．Hegivesexamples.C．Heasksquestions. D．Heshowsnumbers.【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Forexample”和“Foronething”可知，作者通過舉例子說明文章的內(nèi)容，故選B。Nowadays,peopleshowallkindsofthingsontheInternet—goodfood,niceclothes,wonderfulvacationsandsoon.Nowshowingthenumberofstepsisbecomingpopular,too.Why?Peoplearefindingitimportanttobeingoodhealth.Tokeephealthy,manypeoplegotoworkonfoot.Whentheystartwalking,theyopenthestepcounterappintheirphonestorecord(記錄)howmanystepstheywalkthatday.Afteraday’swalk,somepeopleshowthenumberonWeChatorWeibo.Thiscanmakethemlearnfromeachotherandkeepexercising.“Thishelpsmetoexercisemuchandkeepagoodhabit,”MissLiusaid.“IcanalsotalkabouthowtokeephealthywithmyfriendsonWeChat.Weareinthesamegrouptoencourage(鼓勵(lì))eachothertokeepexercising.”Mr.Wulikestoexercise.Butinthepasthewaskindoflazyanddidn’twanttoexerciseeveryday.“AfterIusethestepcounterapp,everythingisdifferent.It’sgreattoexercisewithmyfriends.Sometimesthereareprizesforthosewhowalkmoresteps.Ireallylikeit.”hesaid.Walkingisarelaxingandusefulwaytoexercise.Boththeoldandtheyounglikeit.Recordingthestepshelpspeopledevelop(養(yǎng)成)agoodhabitofwalkingandshowingthenumbercanmakepeoplemoreinterestedinwalking.Butdon’ttakethenumbertooseriously.1．WhatisbecomingpopularontheInternetnow?A．Showingthenumberofsteps. B．Showingwonderfulvacations.C．Showinggoodfoodandniceclothes. D．Showinglovelypets.2．Theunderlinedword“stepcounter”inParagraph2means“________”inChinese?A．備忘錄 B．計(jì)步器 C．計(jì)時(shí)器 D．體重器3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Morepeoplegotoworkonfoottosavemoney.B．MissLiuandMr.Wuliketoexercisewiththeirfriends.C．Peopleusuallyshowthenumberofstepsinthemorning.D．Walkingisn’tausefulwaytoexercise.4．Whatdoesthewriterthinkofshowingthenumberofsteps?A．Itcanmakepeoplerelaxed. B．Itcanmakepeoplestopdrivingcars.C．Itcanmakepeopledevelopagoodhabit. D．It’suseless.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Itisimportanttobehealthy. B．Peoplewhowalkmorestepsgetprizes.C．Walkingisthebestwaytoexercise. D．Theuseofthestepcounterapp.【參考答案】1．A2．B3．B4．C5．A【語篇解讀】本文介紹了計(jì)步器程序通過讓人們分享步數(shù)，互相鼓勵(lì)彼此鍛煉，從而保持身體健康的事情?！驹斍榻馕觥?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nowshowingthenumberofstepsisbecomingpopular,too.”可知，現(xiàn)在顯示步數(shù)變得流行起來。故選A。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“torecord(記錄)howmanystepstheywalkthatday”可知，記錄人們一天走了多少步的程序，應(yīng)是計(jì)步器；因此“stepcounter”表示“計(jì)步器”。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MissLiusaid.‘...Weareinthesamegrouptoencourage(鼓勵(lì))eachothertokeepexercising.’”和“‘It’sgreattoexercisewithmyfriends....’hesaid.”可知，劉小姐和吳先生都喜歡和朋友一起運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B。4．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Recordingthestepshelpspeopledevelop(養(yǎng)成)agoodhabitofwalkingandshowingthenumbercanmakepeoplemoreinterestedinwalking.”可知，作者認(rèn)為步數(shù)可以幫助人們養(yǎng)成鍛煉的習(xí)慣。故選C。5．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了計(jì)步器程序變得流行起來，人們通過分享步數(shù)互相鼓勵(lì)，堅(jiān)持鍛煉，并意識(shí)健康是很重要的。故選A。ATherewasanoldpeartreeinaman’sgarden.Inthepast,thetreefruitedeveryyear,sotheownergotmanypears.Butnow,thetreegotold.Therewerenomorepearsfortheman.Sothemandecidedtocutthetreedown.Whenhewalkedtothetreewithanaxeinhishand,thetreesaidtohim,“Pleasedon’tcutmedown.Ibroughtsomanypearsforyouinthepastyears.NowIonlyhaveashorttimetolive.”“I’msorryIhavetodoso,”themansaid,“becauseIneedsomethingtomakeachair.”Atthatmoment,abirdintheoldtreesaidtohim,“Don’tcutitdown!Everytimeyougooutandyourwifefeelslonely,shewillsitunderthetreetoenjoyitscoolshade,andIsangsongstomakeherhappy.Wegivemuchpleasuretoyourwifewhenyouareawayfromhome.”Themandidn’tlistentothebirdanddroveitaway.Whenhewantedtocutdownthetree,somebeesflewoutofitandsaid,“Listen!Ifyoudon’tkillthistree,wewillgiveyoudelicioushoneyeveryday.Wouldyoupleaseleavethetreewithus?”Themangotmoved.Hesaid,“Youaresokindtothetree,thoughitbecomesold.NowIseethatIshouldn'tcutitdown.Itdidsomuchtomeandmywife.Letthetreestayhere,andletthebirdcontinuetosingsongshere.”Withthesewords,themanleft.Andtheoldtreelivedtheretoitslastday.1．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthestory?A．TheSingingBird B．TheMan’sWifeC．TheOldTree D．TheKindBees2．Whydidthemandecidetocutdownthetree?A．Themanneededwoodtomakeabed. B．Thetreegotold.C．Themancouldn’tgetanyapplesfromit. D．Thetreedidn’tgiveanyshade.3．Whatmadeherwifehappywhenthemanwasnotathome?A．Theman. B．Thetreeandthebird. C．Thesunshine. D．Thebeesandtheirhoney.4．Inthisstory,theword“continue”means________.A．再一次開始 B．繼續(xù) C．表演 D．停止5．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Peopleshouldbethankful.B．Goodchaircomesfrompeartrees.C．Oldpeoplearekindandfriendly.D．Birdsandbeesarealwayshelpful.【參考答案】1．C2．B3．B4．B5．A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一個(gè)人家中的梨樹老了，不會(huì)結(jié)果了，于是他就想砍了，最后因?yàn)轼B兒和蜜蜂的求情，他沒有砍那棵樹，因?yàn)槟强脴湓?jīng)帶給他和妻子快樂。這個(gè)故事告訴我們要有一顆感恩的心?！驹斍榻馕觥?．標(biāo)題歸納題。文章開頭“Therewasanoldpeartreeinaman’sgarden”以及后文主要圍繞這棵樹展開，最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“一棵老樹”。故選C。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butnow,thetreegotold.Therewerenomorepearsfortheman”可知，男人決定砍掉這棵樹是因?yàn)闃淅狭恕９蔬xB。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Don’tcutitdown!Everytimeyougooutandyourwifefeelslonely,shewillsitunderthetreetoenjoyitscoolshade,andIsangsongstomakeherhappy”可知，男人外出時(shí)，讓他妻子快樂的是樹和鳥。故選B。4．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Isangsongstomakeherhappy”和“Letthetreestayhere”可知，樹上的鳥兒希望男人不要砍掉這棵樹，這樣它可以繼續(xù)在樹上唱歌，故推斷continue的意思是“繼續(xù)”。故選B。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“NowIseethatIshouldn’tcutitdown.Itdidsomuchtomeandmywife.”可知，最終男人沒有砍掉這棵樹是因?yàn)檫@棵樹給他和他的妻子帶來過很多快樂，由此可以推測故事想告訴我們的是要知道感恩。故選A。BWhenyouhaveadinnerparty,whatshouldyoudo?Thefollowingwillhelpyou.Trytoopenthedoorforeachguest.Ifsomeoneelseanswersthedoor,gotowelcomeyourguestsassoonasyoucan.Alwaysoffertotaketheircoatsandask,“Wouldyoulikemetotakeyourcoat?”Peopleoftenbringsgiftslikeflowersorchocolatetoadinnerparty.Bereadytoreceivethegifts.Getavasesothatyoucanputtheflowersinthewater.Neverleaveaguestunattended(沒人照顧的),especiallywhenthereisonlyoneofthem.Ifthereismorethanone,theycantalktoeachother.Ifthepartyisathome,agoodideaistohaveatoiletsignforpeoplewhodon’tknowyourhouse.Ifthepartyissomewhereelse,likearestaurant,trynottobeloud,becausenoteveryoneintherestaurantisatyourparty.6．Whatdoesthepassagetellsus?A．Howtochooseagift. B．Howtobeapoliteguest.C．Howtomakefriendsataparty. D．Howtohaveadinnerparty.7．Whatcanyoutakefortheguestswhentheyarrive?A．Coats. B．Gifts. C．Shoes. D．Flowers.8．Whatwillpeopletakeiftheygotoadinnerpartyaccordingtothepassage?A．Clothes. B．Vegetables. C．Chocolate. D．Fruit.9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtruefromthepassage?A．Itisnotgoodtoleaveaguestalone. B．Youmustopenthedoorforeveryguest.C．Peoplecanhavedinnerpartiesathomeorinarestaurant.D．Itisbettertohaveabedroomsign.【參考答案】6．D7．A8．C9．D【語篇解讀】本文是對(duì)開聚餐派對(duì)的建議。【詳情解析】6．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Whenyouhaveadinnerparty,whatshouldyoudo?Thefollowingwillhelpyou.”可知本文是告訴我們?nèi)绾稳ラ_聚餐派對(duì)。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wouldyoulikemetotakeyourcoat?”可知是幫忙拿外套。故選A。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peopleoftenbringsgiftslikeflowersorchocolatetoadinnerparty.”可知人們經(jīng)常帶著鮮花或巧克力之類的禮物。故選C。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Ifthepartyisathome,agoodideaistohaveatoiletsignforpeoplewhodon’tknowyourhouse.”可知如果聚會(huì)是在家里舉行的，最好為不了解你家的人準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)廁所標(biāo)志。D項(xiàng)“最好準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)臥室標(biāo)志”不正確，故選D。CInaclassroom,GarryGoldenissharinghisideaswithsomeuniversitystudents.Goldenisafuturist.Futuristsarescientistswhostudytheworldtodayandusethatinformationtomakepredictionsaboutthefuture.Somefuturistsstudytheenvironment.Somestudyhumansociety(社會(huì)).Goldenstudiestransportation—thescienceofhowtomovepeoplefromplacetoplace.Goldensaystherewillbefewercarsincitiesinthefuture.“Carstakeupalotofspace,”Goldensays.“Wehavetobuildlotsofparkinglots(停車場)forthem,buthavingsomanyparkinglotsisnotefficient.Muchofthetimetheparkinglotsareempty.”Goldensayscitieswillmakenewlawstolimit(限制)thenumbero