第07講 完形填空-2024年七年級英語寒假提升學(xué)與練（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1第07講完形填空目錄技巧精講：題型解讀&典型例題&解題技巧培優(yōu)精練：精選新題好題，拓展提升一、題型解讀完形填空既考查對語法、詞匯、習(xí)語、句型、搭配等基礎(chǔ)知識的綜合運(yùn)用能力，又考查對短文的閱讀理解能力。其中包括在具體的語境中靈活運(yùn)用語言知識的能力，根據(jù)試題內(nèi)容進(jìn)行正確的邏輯推理，綜合判斷和分析概括的能力。二、解題技巧（一）做題前1.總體把握：通讀完形填空的短文，跳過空格快速閱讀，了解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。切不可把寶貴的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在個(gè)別詞句推敲上。2.重視主題句：完形填空所用的短文一般不給標(biāo)題，但短文的主題句，往往在每段文章的首句，有時(shí)也出現(xiàn)在文章的中間或結(jié)束處。主題句提供全篇的性質(zhì)、大意等，這是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以語句為立足點(diǎn)，從該句的時(shí)態(tài)、語氣推測全文的主要內(nèi)容。3.語境聯(lián)想：利用上下文的提示，用學(xué)過的知識和已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙。（二）做題時(shí)1.詞語搭配①因搭配關(guān)系而產(chǎn)生的一般性詞匯。e.g.watchTV看電視；playthepiano彈鋼琴。②

詞序和意義皆已固定的復(fù)合詞和動詞短語。e.g.takeoff脫下(衣服)，(飛機(jī))起飛。③因詞組而構(gòu)成的常見的句式。e.g.Itis+形容詞+不定式.【注意】在搭配判斷時(shí)：①要區(qū)別外形相近而意義不同的搭配。e.g.lookfor,lookafter,lookup等。②要區(qū)別形不相似而意義相近的搭配。e.g.Ipaid12poundsforthedictionary.Thebookcostmealot.Ittookthreementoliftthebox.句中都有“付出、花費(fèi)、需要”的意思，譯成漢語時(shí)似乎相通，但更要注意它們之間的搭配變化。③要注意單個(gè)詞組的多義性。e.g.takeoff有“脫下(衣服)，(飛機(jī))起飛，匆匆離開，取下，休假”等多種含義。2.語法判定①要注意出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞類題，依次為動詞、介詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞。選擇各類詞時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：A.名詞的選擇，應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞，注意其性和數(shù)的一致。B.動詞的選用，要注意詞義和慣用搭配，還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式。C.選擇介詞，應(yīng)注意其慣用法，特別是與動詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。D.選擇代詞，要注意性、數(shù)、格是否準(zhǔn)確。E.選擇連詞，要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。F.選擇形容詞和副詞，要注意詞義的區(qū)別，用于比較時(shí)，還要注意詞形變化。例1主謂一致判斷法在英語句子里，謂語受主語支配，其動詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這就叫主謂一致。我們在做完形填空題時(shí)，會經(jīng)常遇到要靠主謂一致判斷法來確定選項(xiàng)的情況。尋找其規(guī)律，大致可分為三個(gè)原則，即語法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近原則。Bobisfiveyearsold.He______blueeyesandblondhair.A.have B.has C.look D.looks例2上下文暗示法上下文暗示法分為上文語境暗示和下文語境暗示兩種。在做完形填空時(shí)，我們會經(jīng)常遇到此類題目，若無上下文的提示，我們無法做出正確的選擇;但是我們可以根據(jù)上下文的一些提示性的引導(dǎo)詞判斷上下文和空格部分的關(guān)系，從而做出正確的選擇。Hismotherisa___1___.She___2___Englishinaschool.1.A.teacher B.farmer C.driver D.doctor2.A.teach B.teaches C.have D.has例3詞義辨析法詞義辨析法考查的面廣，該內(nèi)容也是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)；在完形填空中出現(xiàn)這一類題目，如果要求做到準(zhǔn)確選擇，必須在一定的語境或句子中理解，這種考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空題在中考中考查的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)和趨勢，所以這一方法是我們必須要掌握的。詞義辨析包括各種詞性的考查，如名詞、介詞、代詞、動詞、形容詞等。Boblikes___1___TVwithhisparentsafterdinner,buttheydon’t___2___himwatchforalongtime.1.A.reading B.seeing C.looking D.watching2.A.want B.help C.let D.need例4固定搭配法固定句型和短語搭配不僅是學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)，也是完形填空測試的重點(diǎn)。固定搭配形式較多，有名詞短語搭配、動詞短語搭配、介詞短語搭配等，這些固定搭配都是語言在長期的發(fā)展和演變過程中形成的，是語言的精華，我們只有在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中認(rèn)真積累，做題時(shí)才能得心應(yīng)手。做這類題時(shí)，不需要特別的分析，就能鎖定正確的答案。Onevening,heaskshismother___1___anorange.“Butit’stoolate.”Hismotherdoesn’twant___2___givehimanythingtoeatatbedtime.“Theorangesarealreadyasleep.”1.A.for B.to C.with D.at2.A.to B.for C.in D.with（一）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。AtaxicompanyinJapanmadeaspecialrule.Itiscalled“silentontaxidrivers”.Afterone____1____onthetaxi,thedrivercanonlygivehimthewelcomegreetingsandaskthedestination,andwillnotmakemoresmalltalks.Nowdifferentpeoplehavedifferent____2____abouttherule.Manypeoplethinkitisveryhelpful!That’sbecauseitisvery____3____forthemnottoletouttheirpersonalinformation.Astheyknow,theirpersonalinformationmaybeletouteasilywhile____4____.Sometimes,theyaretootiredtotalk.Andmanypeopleareveryshy,____5____theydon’tliketotalkwiththedriverontheway.Butsomepeopledon’tliketherule!Forthem,smalltalkswithtaxidriversduringthetripcanberelaxing.Somepeoplewouldliketo____6____theirstoriestothedrivers.Also,theythinkthattalkingwithtaxidriversisagoodwayto____7____aboutthecity,likethefood,theplacesofinterest.Theycangetsomeusefulinformationfromthe____8____.Manypeoplelikesmalltalksbecausetheywillfeelboredwithouttalking.1.A.gets B.takes C.jumps D.walks2.A.plans B.wishes C.ideas D.ways3.A.lucky B.dangerous C.expensive D.good4.A.working B.talking C.reading D.visiting5.A.though B.but C.so D.because6.A.tell B.ask C.make D.understand7.A.think B.know C.care D.worry8.A.guide B.map C.news D.driver（二）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。Hello,everyone!MynameisSally.Iwanttoshare___1___schooldayswithyou.Iusuallygotoschoolat7:30inthemorning.I___2___myfirstclass—Englishat8:00.Englishis___3___forus.Becausewecanuseitandweneedtolearnitwell.ThenextclassisChinese.Itis___4___9:00to9:45.At10:00,Ihaveamusicclassfora（n）___5___.Itismyfavoritesubject.___6___?Becausemusicisrelaxing.The___7___classinthemorningishistory.It’sdifficultforme,butIlikeit.Afterthat,it’stimeto___8___.Icaneatmyfavoritefood.Intheafternoon,at2:30,Ihaveanartlessonandthenascienceclass.School___9___at5:30,butIdon’tgohomeatthattime.Iusually___10___basketballforanhourwithmyclassmates.Thenwegohometogether.1.A.my B.your C.their D.her2.A.find B.think C.watch D.have3.A.difficult B.useful C.easy D.boring4.A.at B.on C.from D.of5.A.hour B.day C.week D.year6.A.What B.When C.Why D.Where7.A.last B.third C.second D.first8.A.havebreakfast B.havelunch C.watchTV D.playgames9.A.knows B.takes C.comes D.finishes10.A.buy B.look C.play D.sell（三）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。TodayisMother’sDay.Brendawantstogiveagifttoher___1___.Brendadoesnothavemoneytobuyagift,___2___sheplanstomakeone.Shewantstogetsome___3___fromthegarden.Butwhenshegoesintothegarden,shedoesn’t___4___anyflowersbutvegetables.Then,shegoestoheruncle’s___5___andvisitshisgarden.Hisgardenisvery___6___.Therearemanycolorfulflowers.Sheasks,“CouldI___7___someflowersfromyourgarden?”Afterheruncle___8___whyshewantsthem,heisverymoved（感動）andgiveshermanybeautifulflowers.Shethanksherunclefortheflowersandgoeshome___9___.Intheevening,whenBrendagiveshermotherthebeautifulflowers,hermotherisvery___10___toseethem.1.A.father B.mother C.sister D.brother2.A.so B.but C.and D.or3.A.flowers B.cards C.cakes D.books4.A.like B.buy C.see D.use5.A.store B.house C.family D.station6.A.small B.bad C.delicious D.beautiful7.A.get B.catch C.put D.sit8.A.knows B.says C.makes D.thinks9.A.really B.sadly C.badly D.excitedly10.A.tired B.angry C.funny D.happy（四）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。ItisSundaymorning.Graceisnothappy____1____shecan’tfindherparents.____2____arethey?Todayis____3____.Shewantstobewiththem.Thenshegetsaphonecallfromher____4____.“Goodmorning,Grace!”herdadsays.“Nowgotoyourroom.____5____isapresentforyou.”Thereisaredboxinherroomandthereisaredandwhiteskirt____6____it.Gracelovesit.She____7____outintheniceskirt.Thenherparentscomebackhome.“Happybirthday!”theysaytoGrace.“It’sabigdaytoday.”hermomsays.Let’stakeaone-day____8____.Wheredoyouwantto____9____,Grace?”“Oh,Iwanttogotothelibrary.Ilove____10____.”saysGrace.1.A.so B.and C.but D.because2.A.Where B.Who C.Which D.What3.A.Children’sDay B.herbirthday C.EnglishDay D.Women’sDay4.A.sister B.mother C.father D.teacher5.A.It B.This C.That D.There6.A.in B.on C.of D.under7.A.come B.goes C.comes D.gets8.A.party B.trip C.sleep D.movie9.A.go B.get C.come D.take10.A.dogs B.apples C.books D.carrots（五）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。DearJane,Howisitgoing?IamhereintheUSwritingtotellyousomehappytimeaboutmylife.Icameheretwomonthsago,_____1_____Ihavemanynewfriendshere.Theyareveryhelpfulandalwayshelp_____2_____withmyEnglish,soIcanspeakEnglishbetternow.Ontheweekend,they_____3_____toplaytenniswithmeinthemorning.Thenwegotothelibraryto_____4_____together.Intheafternoon,wegototheparkandhavealotoffun.Itisvery_____5_____toplaygamesinthepark.Andthen,wegofordinner.Iliketoeatriceandvegetablesfordinnerbutmyfriendsalways_____6_____hamburgersandcola.Itis_____7_____tofindaplacetoeatChinesefoodhere.ButthefoodintheUSisdifferentfromthatinour_____8_____.Afterdinner,wealwaysgotothecinematowatch______9______.WhenIspendtimewithmyfriends,Ifeel_____10_____happy.Whataboutyou?Areyouhavingagoodtime?Yours,Emily1.A.if B.or C.but D.so2.A.him B.her C.me D.you3.A.like B.hate C.need D.have4.A.buyclothes B.readbooks C.dosports D.watchTV5.A.boring B.relaxing C.tiring D.moving6.A.eat B.drink C.make D.have7.A.easy B.difficult C.different D.important8.A.school B.class C.country D.town9.A.TV B.games C.shows D.movies10.A.really B.badly C.nicely D.wrongly（六）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。ThereisabiggardeninfrontofJeff’shouse.Soonweekends,many____1____cometoplaysoccerfrommorningtolateatnight.Theymakealotofnoise(噪音),butJeff____2____doanything.Hethinks____3____andhasanidea.One____4____evening,hegoesoutandsaystothem,“Itismy____5____timewhenIseeandhearyouplayinggameshere.SoIwillgiveyoufiftyyuaneveryweekifyouplayinthegardenhere.”Theyfeelveryhappyandtheyfollowhisadvice.OnSundayeveningtheycometoJeff’shouseandaskforthemoney.Hedoes____6____.Thesecondweek,Jeffsayshedoesn’thaveenoughmoneyandgivesthemonlytwenty.Thethirdweek,Jeffsayshe____7____hiswork,andhegivesthemonly10yuan.Theboysarevery____8____.ThefourthweekJeffsaysheis____9____hisjob.Hegivesthemfiveyuanandsayshecan’tafford(支付得起)topaythemfiftyyuanaweek,buthewillgivethemtwoyuaneveryweek.Afterthat,theboys____10____playinthegardenagain.Whatacleverman!1.A.men B.women C.girls D.children2.A.doesn’t B.can C.can’t D.won’t3.A.hardly B.hard C.well D.good4.A.Sunday B.Saturday C.weekends D.weekdays5.A.sad B.hard C.unhappy D.happy6.A.too B.either C.neither D.so7.A.loses B.gets C.finds D.forgets8.A.happy B.sad C.excited D.afraid9.A.lookingfor B.lookingup C.lookingat D.lookingin10.A.always B.often C.not D.never（七）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。I’mCindy.Mybedroomisbig.Thereare____1____bedsinit.MycousinElsaoftencomestomyhome.Whenshe____2____me,shecanstay（停留）forthenight.There____3____aquiltandthreedolls（玩具娃娃）onmybed.ThedollsarefrommyfriendJane.Thereisaclockontheotherbed.ThereisatableandaTVisonit.____4____Idon’toftenwatchTV.Markismybrother.____5____roomisverytidy.Thewallsarewhite.Thereisanicephotoofmyfamily____6___thewall.Ontheleftofthewindow,thereisablue____7____.Thereareover50booksinit.Helikes____8____verymuch.HisfavoritesubjectisEnglish.Hethinksitis____9____.Some____10____areunderthebed.Theyarehisfavoritethingsbecausehelikessportsalot.1.A.one B.two C.three D.four2.A.looks B.asks C.visits D.excuses3.A.be B.am C.is D.are4.A.And B.Or C.So D.But5.A.He B.She C.His D.Her6.A.in B.on C.of D.with7.A.tape B.bed C.chair D.bookcase8.A.read B.sing C.reading D.singing9.A.boring B.difficult C.fun D.interested10.A.bags B.books C.boxes D.balls（八）請通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。Hello,boysan