2025年中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：非謂語動詞（講練）（原卷版）

專題08非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞是一些特殊的動詞，它們在句中不能單獨作謂語，而有謂語以外的其他語法功能，在句子中

不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制，但仍有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，也可以帶賓語和狀語，構(gòu)成非謂語動詞短語。非謂

語動詞分不定式、動名詞和分詞三種。動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，在特殊情況下有時to可以

省略。動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，同時也具有動詞的部分特征，能充當(dāng)主語、賓語、賓語

補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語等成分。動名詞由動詞加-ing構(gòu)成，在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語。分詞

分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種。它們在句中作定語、狀語、表語和補(bǔ)語。

分同初中階段不作討論

我們從中考題中分析，非謂語動詞通常出現(xiàn)在單項選擇，語法選擇，語法填空，選詞填空等考題中。

對于非謂語動詞語法能力考察集中于以下兩點：

(1)動詞不定式

(2)動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞

考向分析：中考對于非謂語動詞的考察要求考生們：

(1)掌握非謂語動詞的定義；

(2)掌握動詞不定式的用法；

(3)掌握一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。

不定式

?真題研析?規(guī)律探尋

1.（2023?廣州?語法選擇）Hewasnotfastenoughtheworms（蟲子）MamaBirdbroughtback.

A.getB.gotC.gettingD.toget

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他沒有那么快的去拿到鳥媽媽帶回來的蟲子。

get得到，動詞原形；got過去式；getting現(xiàn)在分詞；toget不定式。Enough+todo"足夠...去做某事“。故選

D?

2.（2023?揚州）Scienceismyfavouritesubject,soIhavepreparedtheSTEAMClub.

A.joinB.joiningC.tojoinD.tojoining

【答案】C

【解析】句意：科學(xué)是我最喜歡的科目，所以我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備加入STEAM俱樂部了。

考查非謂語動詞。preparetodosth"準(zhǔn)備做某事"，固定短語，所以空處用動詞不定式，故選C。

3（2023?天津）Davidlearntwhenhewasfive.

A.swimB.swimsC.swamD.toswim

【答案】D

【解析】句意：大衛(wèi)五歲時學(xué)習(xí)游泳。

考查非謂語動詞。learntodosth"學(xué)習(xí)做某事”，為固定短語，故選D。

?核心提煉-考向探究

動詞不定式：to+do

A、不定式語法作用

不定式的作用例句

①Tolearnisveryimportant.

②Todriveintherightisnotallowedhere.

注意：①不定式作主語時，可置句首。

②如果過長，可采用it作形式主語，不定式后置的結(jié)構(gòu)。

※重點句式：l.Itis/was+adj./n.+todo（做什么。。是。。）

①Itwasdifficulttoanswerthequestion.

作主語

※重點句式：2.1tis/was+adj.+forsth./sb.+todo.

3.1tis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo

?Itisnecessaryforthisdoortobelocked.

②Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.

4.Ittakes/tooksb.+時間+todosth.

5.sb.+be+adj.+todosth.

6.think/find+it+adj.+todosth.

作表語Themostimportantthingisnottogiveup.

①Iwanttoswiminthepool.

作賓語②Theyintendtopostponethetrip.

③Agoodtranslatorishardtofind.

②Givehimanornamenttopolish.

作定語

②Ineedavolunteertotaketheminutes.

①Theofficerreturnedtohelp.（目的狀語）

作狀語

②Myparentswillbehappytomeetyou.（原因狀語）

B不定式的疑問式

“疑問詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于相應(yīng)的從句

Idon'tknowwhattosay.

Idon'tknowwhattodo.

Idon'tknowhowtodoit.

Idon'tknowwhattodoaboutit.

c不定式的否定式

TheteacherwarnedKatenottosleepinclass.

TheteachertoldSallynottogiveupplayingthepianoeventhoughshehadnotime

D省略to的不定式

省略to的不定式常有l(wèi)et,make,see,hear,watch?

而help后作賓語或賓補(bǔ)時可以用to,也可以省略to

Don'tletyourchildplaywithfire.

Theloudmusicmademewanttoleave.

動名詞

?真題冊析-規(guī)律探尋

1.（2023?江蘇淮安）Wehadmuchdifficultytheproblem.Wereallywentthroughahardtime.

A.tosolveB.solvingC.solveD.solved

【答案】B

【答案】句意：我們解決這個問題有很大困難。我們確實經(jīng)歷了一段艱難的時期。

考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)"Wehadmuchdifficulty...”可知，此處考查動詞短語havedifficulty（in）doing“做某事有困

難”，因此用動名詞solving。故選B。

2.（2023?上海）fordogfoodandvisitingthevetarereallyexpensive.

A.PayB.TopayC.PaidD.Paying

【答案】D

【答案】句意：花錢買狗糧和去看獸醫(yī)真的很貴。此句是and連接的兩個動名詞短語做主語，由“andvisitingthe

vet”可知，空格處用動名詞，故選D。

?核心提煉-考向探究

形式：①動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞同型（v-ing）

②起到名詞的作用

動名詞的作用例句

作主語（謂語動詞為單數(shù)）ReadinghelpsyoulearnEnglish.

作賓語l.Hequitsmokingayearago.

（有的動詞直接加動名詞作其賓語；有的加2.1lookforwardtohelpingyoupaintthehouse.

介詞后動名詞作其賓語）

It+形容詞+動名詞Itisnousetellinghimnottoworry.

(此類形容詞還包括：better>wonderful>enjoyable>interesting>

foolish>difficult>useless>senseless>worthwhile)

作表語1.Myjobisteaching.

（對主語進(jìn)一步說明，相當(dāng)于一個名詞）2.Seeingisbelieving.

作定語1.aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming

（表示用途或性質(zhì)）2.amovingtruck=atruckformoving.

常見非謂語考向

常用的帶動詞不定式todo的詞want,wouldlike,agree,decide,refuse,learn

too...todo,adj.+enoughtodo

asksb.(not)todosth.,tellsb.(not)todosth

常用的帶todo做賓語補(bǔ)足語（v.+sb.+todo)want,wouldlike,wish,teach,allow,encourage,

的詞help,wam.

常用的不帶to的情況let,make,hadbetter,see,hear,watch

Keep,enjoy,practise,finish,mind

常用的只帶doing的詞bebusydoing,spend...（in）doing

suggestdoing,preferdoingtodoing

介詞+doing

動詞接Ving和todo的區(qū)別

有些謂語動詞之后既可以加動詞不定式todo,也可以加動名詞doing,但是它們的中文意思不同。

如：（stoptodosomething停止手中事，去做另一件事

.stopdoingsomething停止正在做的事

■remember/forget/regrettodosomething記得/忘記/遺憾要做某事（指動作尚未發(fā)生）

.remember/forget/regretdoingsomething記得/忘記/遺憾做了某事（指動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）

-trytodosomething設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力

.trydoingsomething試試去做，看有何結(jié)果

?meantodosomething打算做，企圖做

.meandoingsomething意思是，意味著

當(dāng)謂語動詞是感觀動詞時，其形式是：謂語動詞+sb./sth.+do/doing,但用法有區(qū)別:

如：rwatchsb.do觀看某人做了某事seesb.do看見某人做了某事

.watchsb.doing觀看某人正在做某事seesb.doing看見某人正在做某事

hearsb.do聽見某人做了某事findsb.do發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做了某事

hearsb.doing聽見某人正在做某事findsb.doing發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事

?k題型特訓(xùn)?命題預(yù)測

一、選擇填空

1.（2023?長春）WeexpecttheworldChinabetterafterthe19thAsianGamesinHangzhou.

A.understandingB.tounderstandC.understoodD.understand

2.（2023?南通）healthy,we'vegotusedtowashinghandsbeforemealsandusingpublicchopsticks.

A.KeepingB.KeepC.TokeepD.Tokeeping

3.（2023?遼寧盤錦）Theseflowersdon'talwaysneed,soyouthemeveryday.

A.towater;don'tneedtowaterB.watering;needn'ttowater

C.towater;don'tneedwaterD.watering;don'tneedtowater

4.（2023?江蘇揚州）Thecareerhedevotedhimselftohim________bypeopleallovertheworld.

A.made;rememberedB.making;remember

C.making;wasrememberedD.made;toremember

5.（2023?湖南湘西）Ioftenpracticethepianointhemorning,butmyneighborsdon'tmindthesound.

A.play;hearingB.playing;hearingC.playing;tohear

6.（2023?江蘇淮安）Wehadmuchdifficultytheproblem.Wereallywentthroughahardtime.

A.tosolveB.solvingC.solveD.solved

7.（2023?江蘇揚州二模）oureyesight,weshouldpayattentiontothedistancebetweenoureyesandthebook

orscreen.

A.ProtectB.ToprotectC.ProtectingD.Toprotecting

8.（2023?上海浦東二模）Workinginthefieldforawholedayletthechildrenthefarmers5hardlife.

A.understandB.tounderstandC.understoodD.understanding

9.（2023?上海?模擬預(yù)測）fordogfoodandvisitingthevetarereallyexpensive.

A.PayB.TopayC.PaidD.Paying

10.（2023?湖北武漢模擬）Ifyouwantyourpronunciation,keeponeveryday.

A.improve,topracticeB.improved,practicing

C.improving,topractice.D.toimprove,practicing

11.Whyhaveyoukeptmehereforsolongtime?

A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.towaiting

12.Hisauntwantedtohavehimtheradio,buthehadhaditalready.（人教版U7句式）

A.repair；repairB.torepair；repairC.repaired；torepairD.repair；repaired

13.TmsorryIforgotthedictionarytoyou.

A.returnedB.returningC.toreturnD.return

14.Youmusthavetheclassroomafterschool.Itstoodirty.（人教版U7句式）

A.cleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.toclean

15.importantusnottogiveupwhenwefaileachtime.

A.It's,forB.Ifs,ofC.Thafs,forD.Thafs,of

16.Doyouknowwhenthedayaftertomorrow?

A.leaveB.leavingC.toleaveD.willleave

17.一Amy,I'mnotgoodatbasketball.WhatshouldIdo?

-Whynotabasketballclubtopractisebasketball?

A.join,playingB.tojoin,toplayC.attend,playingD.toattend,toplay

18.Afteryoufinishthestory,doyouknowwhatnext?

A.towrite;doingB.writing;doingC.towrite;todoD.writing;todo

19.Stampsusedtoverycommon,butweareusedtoemailsnow,soweseldombuystamps.

A.be,writeB.be,writingC.being,writingD.being,write

20.1willshowyou

A.whattodoB.todowhatC.howtodoD.todohow

21.Rememberthebookintimewhenyouhavefinishedit.

A.toreturn;readingB.returning;reading

C.returning;toreadD.toreturn;toread

22.—Amy,I'mnotgoodatbasketball.WhatshouldIdo?

——Whynotabasketballclubtopractisebasketball?

A.join,playingB.tojoin,toplayC.attend,playingD.toattend,toplay

23.一Iheardyourbrotherfailedtheexamthistime.

——Yes,hedecidednovelbooks.

A.readingB.notreadingC.toreadD.nottoread

24.Thesedays,Ispendmyweekendsthechildrenwithoutparents.Ienjoyitverymuch.

A.tohelpB.helpingC.helpD.helped

25.fishwithcormorantsatraditionalskill.

A.Catching,isB.Catching,areC.Catch,isD.Catch,are

26.MargaretisstilltryingthePhysicsproblembyherselfintheclassroom.

A.toworkoutB.workingoutC.toworkingoutD.workedout

27.Thechildrenweremadetheirhomeworkfirst.

A.doB.todoC.didD.doing

28.Mariausedtolate.Butnowsheisusedtoearly.

A.gettingup;getupB.getup;getupC.getup;gettingupD.gettingup;gettingup

29.Itisagoodideaforteachersteenagerstohavelesshomework.

A.toallowB.toallowedC.allowD.allowing

30.一Idon'tknowhowtodraw.一Don'tworry.I'llshowyou

A.whattodoB.whattodoitC.howtodoD.howtodoit

31.1sawTomontheplaygroundamomentago.

A.wasplayingB.toplayC.playedD.playing

32.1didn'tknowwhyherefusedmethetruth.

A.tellB.totellC.tellingD.totelling

33.—Ieatjunkfoodeveryday,ittastessodelicious.-Ifsnotgoodforyourhealth.Whynotlessjunkfood?

A.tryeatingB.trytoeatC.tryeatD.trytoeating

34.TheRedCrossisalwaysthefirsthelptovictimswhenadisasterhappens.

A.provideB.providingC.toprovideD.toproviding

35.Charlieadmittedhischeatinginthemathsexamandpromisedcheatanylonger.

A.won*tB.doesn'tC.nottoD.tonot

36.Thetentisforafamilyofthree.

A.bigenough;toliveinB.enoughbig;toliveinit

C.bigenough;toliveD.enoughbig;livein

37.Susan'sparentsoftenmakehertheviolinforthreehoursonweekends.

A.practicetoplay.B.practiceplayingC.topracticeplaying.D.practicingtoplay

38.WefoundveryinterestingEnglish.

A.it;learningB.it;tolearnC.that;tolearnD.this;learning

39.-WhydidyoucallJackjustnow?—himaboutourschooltrip.

A.TellB.TotellC.TellingD.Tells

40.Howmuchtimedoesityouthere?

A.spend;gettingB.spend;togetC.take;togetD.take;getting

41.Youmustbetirednow.Whynotarest?

A.tostoptohaveB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.stophaving

42.Hisdreamis________amusiciansomeday.

A.tobecomingB.becomesC.becomeD.tobecome

43.Mymotheroftenasksme____early.

A.getupB.getsupC.gettingupD.togetup

44.Theteachermadetheboythesentencefivetimesafterschool.

A.towriteB.writeC.wroteD.written

45.Heistootiredanylonger.

A.nottowalkB.notwalkingC.walkingD.towalk

46.—MrLeereallylovesanimalsandhehasmadeadecisiontodoeverythingheislookingforwardtoanimals.

一Heisreallyananimal-lover.

A.protectingB.tohuntC.toprotectD.hunting

47.-Wouldyoulikeshoppingwithme?一I'dliketo.ButI'mbusythehousework.

A.going;togoB.togo;goingC.togo;todoD.going;doing

48.―HowdoyoustudyforanEnglishtest?—.

A.