2022年內(nèi)蒙古赤峰市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

2022年赤峰市高二年級學(xué)年聯(lián)考試卷英語注意事項：1.本試卷分Ⅰ卷、Ⅱ卷兩部分，滿分150分：考試時間：120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號填寫在答題卡上。3.選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。不能答在本試卷上，否則無效。聽力部分第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ARoadtoHanaToursThefamousroadwayalongMaui’sNorthShoreprovidesfantasticviewsfortravelerswhoenjoythebeautyofnature.RoadtoHanaDayTripYouwillenjoybeautifulbeaches,quietcoastline,andtoweringwaterfallsasyoudriveyourwayacrosstheKalepaBridge,wherethehighwaycontinuestoKipahuluonthePiilaniHighway.Thisjourneythroughthenarrowhighwayconsistsof59bridgesandover600turningstakingtravelersinandoutofrainforestsandtropicalplants.HanaGrandTourDuringthis6-houradventure,youcansitbackandrelaxinsideyourbusonthewaytoHana,stoppingatHanaTropicalGardensandatwonderfulwaterfalls,whereyou’llhavetimetoswim.You’llalsoenjoyabeachsidelunchbeforeeventuallyboardingahelicopterforathrilling36-minuteflightaboveHaleakalaCraterandtheisland’sroughcoast.Thisgrandsmall-grouptriptoHanaalsoincludesaprofessionalguide.RainforestHikingAdventureExperiencethegreenbeautyofEastMauionthisrainforesthikewithaninformativelocalguide.LearnabouttheMaui’secosystems,beimpressedatmagicalwaterfalls,climbrockformations,andleapintothefreshwaterpoolsbelowforarefreshingswim.Enjoyadelicious,healthylunchalongtheway—it’sincludedinthetourprice.JungleAdventureonMauiThispersonalizedexperienceisgreatfornaturelovers.Youcanvisitmultiplebeautifulwaterfalls,withalocaltourguide.Therearechancesforsafecliffjumping,orchoosetoswim,orsimplyadmirethemagicofthefalls.Ifthegroupis4peopleormore,thiswillbeaprivatetourforyourfamilyonly.1Whichisthebestchoiceforthosewholoveself-drivingtours?A.RoadtoHanaDayTrip. B.HanaGrandTour.C.RainforestHikingAdventure. D.JungleAdventureonMaui.2.WhatdoweknowaboutHanaGrandTour?A.Itlastsawholeday. B.Itincludesalocalguide.C.Itprovidesaflightexperience. D.Itoffersafreewonderfullunch3.Whatcanyoudoinallthefourtours?A.Seewaterfalls. B.Enjoyswimming.C.Walkinrainforests. D.Climbrockformations【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個游覽Hana的旅游項目?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Youwillenjoybeautifulbeaches,quietcoastline,andtoweringwaterfallsasyoudriveyourwayacrosstheKalepaBridge,wherethehighwaycontinuestoKipahuluonthePiilaniHighway.Thisjourneythroughthenarrowhighwayconsistsof59bridgesandover600turningstakingtravelersinandoutofrainforestsandtropicalplants.(當(dāng)你開車穿過Kalepa橋時，你會享受到美麗的海灘、寧靜的海岸線和高聳的瀑布，在這里，高速公路繼續(xù)沿著Piilani高速公路延伸到基帕魯。這段穿越狹窄公路的旅程由59座橋和600多個轉(zhuǎn)彎處組成，讓游客進(jìn)出熱帶雨林和熱帶植物)”可知，對于喜歡自駕游的人來說，RoadtoHanaDayTrip是最好的選擇。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“You’llalsoenjoyabeachsidelunchbeforeeventuallyboardingahelicopterforathrilling36-minuteflightaboveHaleakalaCraterandtheisland’sroughcoast.(你還將享受一頓海濱午餐，然后登上直升機，在哈雷阿卡拉火山口和島上崎嶇的海岸上空進(jìn)行36分鐘的驚險飛行)”可知，HanaGrandTour提供飛行體驗。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Youwillenjoybeautifulbeaches,quietcoastline,andtoweringwaterfallsasyoudriveyourwayacrosstheKalepaBridge,wherethehighwaycontinuestoKipahuluonthePiilaniHighway.(當(dāng)你開車穿過Kalepa橋時，你會享受到美麗的海灘、寧靜的海岸線和高聳的瀑布，在這里，高速公路繼續(xù)沿著Piilani高速公路延伸到基帕魯)”；第三段中“Duringthis6-houradventure,youcansitbackandrelaxinsideyourbusonthewaytoHana,stoppingatHanaTropicalGardensandatwonderfulwaterfalls,whereyou’llhavetimetoswim.(在這6個小時的冒險旅程中，您可以在前往哈納的巴士內(nèi)坐下來放松，在哈納熱帶花園和美妙的瀑布前停下來，在那里您將有時間游泳)”；第四段中“LearnabouttheMaui’secosystems,beimpressedatmagicalwaterfalls,climbrockformations,andleapintothefreshwaterpoolsbelowforarefreshingswim.(了解毛伊島的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，對神奇的瀑布印象深刻，攀爬巖層，跳進(jìn)下面的淡水池進(jìn)行清新的游泳)”以及最后一段中“Youcanvisitmultiplebeautifulwaterfalls,withalocaltourguide.(在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下，你可以游覽多個美麗的瀑布)”。可知，四次旅行中都能看瀑布。故選A。BTheSt.Louissoldier,ToddNicelyjoinedthenavyin2007,andwasseverelyinjured—losthisarmsandlegsandhislifewasalmosttakenawaywhileservingabroadin2010.“Ididn’twanttoputmyguysthroughanythingthatIwouldn’twanttodo,soalotofthetimesIwasinthefront,”hetoldthenewswhilerememberingtheincidentthatchangedhislife.Overthepastdecade,Nicelyhaslearnedtoadjusttotheworldwithamputatedarmsandlegs,awayoflifethatrecentlybecameabiteasierthankstotheadditionofaservicedog.CHAMPAssistanceDogsinSt.Louis,Missouri,giftedNicelywithaservicedognamedHugothisseason.Thenon-profit’staskfocusesonconnectingservicedogstopeoplewithdisabilitieswhoneedthem.HugoistrainedtoassistNicelywithhisday-to-daytasks,smallgesturesthatadduptosignificantchangesfortheman.“Nearly12yearslater,Hugoispamofthefamily.HavinghimheretopickthingsupthatIdropiskindofablessing.Itmakesmyqualityoflifealotbetter,”NicelytoldKMOVNews4.ThisimprovedqualityoflifeiswhatCHAMPworkshardtoprovideforsoldiersandotherindividualswhobenefitfromthesupportofaservicedog.“HugoismakingadifferenceinTodd’slife.Itisawonderfulfeelingforallofus,andweareontopoftheworldinseeingsomeonebecomemoreindependentbecauseadogistheretohelpthem,”PamBudke,CHAMPAssistanceDogs’director,sharedwithKMOVNews4.NicelyhopesthatHugohelpsothersoldiersbyshowingthemit’simportanttoseekassistancewhenyouneedhelp.“Youaresupposedtobethistoughman.Now,allofasudden,you’reaskingforhelp.It’slike,‘a(chǎn)mIweak?’‘No’,”Nicelysaid.“Itdoesn’tmakeyouweak.Itactuallymakesyoustrongertoaskforhelp,”headded.4.WhichofthefollowingcandescribeToddNicelybestinarmyservice?A.Lucky. B.Clever. C.Considerate. D.Well-educated.5.WhatisthepurposeofCHAMPAssistanceDogs?A.Tosendhomelessdogstopeople. B.Tohelppeopletrainservicedogs.C.Tomakethedisabledadjusttotheworld. D.Tocreateabondbetweenthedisabledandservicedogs.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ontopoftheworld”inParagraph5mean?A.Ashamed. B.Astonished. C.Delighted. D.Embarrassed.7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesoldiersfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyseldomaskforhelp. B.Theylikebeingtoughtoothers.C.Theylovedogsmorethananyoneelse. D.Theyneedtoshowtheirweaknesssometimes.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了CHAMP援助犬組織通過為像ToddNicely這樣的殘疾人提供服務(wù)犬來幫助他們?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中““Ididn’twanttoputmyguysthroughanythingthatIwouldn’twanttodo,soalotofthetimesIwasinthefront,”hetoldthenewswhilerememberingtheincidentthatchangedhislife.(“我不想讓我的隊員們經(jīng)歷任何我不想做的事情，所以很多時候我都在前線，”他在回憶起那個改變了他一生的事件時說)”可推知，ToddNicely在軍隊服役時很體貼他人。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thenon-profit’staskfocusesonconnectingservicedogstopeoplewithdisabilitieswhoneedthem.(該非營利組織的任務(wù)主要是將服務(wù)犬與需要它們的殘疾人聯(lián)系起來)”可知，CHAMP援助犬的目的是在殘疾人和服務(wù)犬之間建立紐帶。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“inseeingsomeonebecomemoreindependentbecauseadogistheretohelpthem”可知，看到有人因為有狗在那里幫助他們而變得更加獨立，CHAMP援助犬的主任感到非常高興，故畫線詞意思是“高興的”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“NicelyhopesthatHugohelpsothersoldiersbyshowingthemit’simportanttoseekassistancewhenyouneedhelp.“Youaresupposedtobethistoughman.Now,allofasudden,you’reaskingforhelp.It’slike,‘a(chǎn)mIweak?’‘No’,”Nicelysaid.“Itdoesn’tmakeyouweak.Itactuallymakesyoustrongertoaskforhelp,”headded.(Nicely希望雨果能幫助其他士兵，告訴他們當(dāng)你需要幫助的時候?qū)で髱椭呛苤匾??！澳銘?yīng)該是個堅強的人?，F(xiàn)在，突然之間，你開始尋求幫助了。就像，‘我弱嗎？’‘并不弱’，”奈斯利說?！斑@不會讓你變得軟弱。它實際上會讓你更堅強地尋求幫助，”他補充道)”可推知，士兵很少尋求幫助。故選A。CCarbonlabelscanbeeffectiveinchangingcompanyaswellasconsumerbehavior,ascompaniesadjusttheircarbonfootprintwiththetwogoalsofincreasedefficiencyandimprovedreputation,accordingtoanewlypublishedresearchbyClimateChangeResearchNetwork.TheresearchwaspublishedinthejournalNatureClimateChange.Theanalysisoutlinesthepotentialeffectsofcarbonlabeling—apracticethatisreceivingattentionascompaniestryhardtofigureouthowtoengageinsustainablepractices.Whileinternationalandnationalgovernmenteffortsatcontrollingclimatechangehavehadlimitedsuccessinthepastyear,carbonlabelingcanbedonebytheprivatepart.Itcanalsosupportthedevelopmentofgovernmentmeasures,suchasborderallowancesandcarbontaxes.Manycarbonlabelsaresimilartonutritionalandingredient(成分)informationongroceryitems.Carbonlabels,however,estimateaproduct’scarbonemissions(排放)fromitscreationtoitsend.Somelabelsprovideasimplestoplight-typesignalabouthowaproductcomparestoothers.Otherlabelsprovideanequalgreenhousegasemissionsnumber,detailinghowmuchcarbonwentintothecreation,transportation,useandendofaproduct.Somelabelsincludeboth.Consumerscanlearnhowmanygramsorkilogramsofcarbontheyusewhenpurchasinganythingfromabagofchipstoanewtruck.Existingliteratureoncarbonlabelshasfocusedonhowthepracticelimitsconsumers’carbonemissions.Theresearch,however,revealsthatbusinessesoftenrespondtolabelingprogramsbyreducingtheircarbonfootprint,possiblybecausecalculatingcarbonfootprintshelpsthemidentifyefficiencies—andbecausethedisclosure(公開)canaffectcompanyreputation.Thestudyaddresseskeychallengesforcarbonlabels,suchassettinguniformstandards,collectingaccuratedataanddesigninglabelsforaglobalrangeofproductsandindustries.Theresearchteamalsoprovidesrecommendationsonhowtoinstitutecarbonlabelsasacommonpracticeinsociety.Carbonlabelsareanimportantandpracticalwaytoreducecarbonemissions.Theycanleadcompaniestoreducecarbonemissionsevenifconsumerresponsestothelabelsarenotstrong.Asaresult,carbonlabelsshouldbedesignedtoaffectnotonlyretailconsumerbehaviorbutalsothebehaviorofcompanymanagers.8.Inwhataspectdoescarbonlabelingaffectabusiness?A.Production. B.Management. C.Fame. D.Strategy.9.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whatcarbonlabelsactuallymean. B.Whatcarbonlabelslooklike.C.Howcarbonlabelsaredesigned. D.Howcarbonlabelsbenefitpeople.10.Howcancarbonlabelschangeconsumerbehaviorrelatedtocarbon?A.Theyhaveconsumerspayextraforcertaingoods.B.Theyinformconsumersofcarbonamounttheyuse.C.Theyrestrictthecarbonfootprintofconsumers.D.Theyhaveapositiveeffectonconsumerreputation.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CarbonLabelingBenefitsMorethanCompaniesB.AnEffectiveWaytoChangeCompanyBehaviorC.HowtoMeasureConsumers’CarbonFootprintD.CarbonLabelsAidinFightingClimateChange【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹碳標(biāo)簽的含義及一項相關(guān)研究，研究表明，碳標(biāo)簽可以有效地改變公司和消費者的行為。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Carbonlabelscanbeeffectiveinchangingcompanyaswellasconsumerbehavior,ascompaniesadjusttheircarbonfootprintwiththetwogoalsofincreasedefficiencyandimprovedreputation,accordingtoanewlypublishedresearchbyClimateChangeResearchNetwork.”（根據(jù)氣候變化研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)最新發(fā)布的一項研究，碳標(biāo)簽可以有效地改變公司和消費者的行為，因為公司以提高效率和聲譽為目標(biāo)調(diào)整自己的碳足跡。）可知，使用碳標(biāo)簽，公司會調(diào)整碳足跡以提高聲譽，說明碳標(biāo)簽會影響企業(yè)的聲譽。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段，尤其是前兩句“Manycarbonlabelsaresimilartonutritionalandingredient(成分)informationongroceryitems.Carbonlabels,however,estimateaproduct’scarbonemissions(排放)fromitscreationtoitsend.”（許多碳標(biāo)簽與食品雜貨上的營養(yǎng)成分信息類似，不過碳標(biāo)簽是對產(chǎn)品在整個生命周期內(nèi)的碳排放量的估量。）可知，第四段介紹了碳標(biāo)簽的含義，即對產(chǎn)品在整個生命周期內(nèi)的碳排放量的估量。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Consumerscanlearnhowmanygramsorkilogramsofcarbontheyusewhenpurchasinganythingfromabagofchipstoanewtruck.”（從一袋薯片到一輛新卡車，消費者可以了解他們在購買任何東西時使用了多少克或多少千克的碳。）可知，碳標(biāo)簽改變消費者行為體現(xiàn)在，消費者可以通過碳標(biāo)簽了解自己使用了多少碳。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文，尤其是最后一段“Carbonlabelsareanimportantandpracticalwaytoreducecarbonemissions.Theycanleadcompaniestoreducecarbonemissionsevenifconsumerresponsestothelabelsarenotstrong.Asaresult,carbonlabelsshouldbedesignedtoaffectnotonlyretailconsumerbehaviorbutalsothebehaviorofcompanymanagers.”（碳標(biāo)簽是減少碳排放的一種重要而實用的方法。即使消費者對碳標(biāo)簽的反應(yīng)不強烈，碳標(biāo)簽也可以引導(dǎo)公司減少碳排放。因此，碳標(biāo)簽的設(shè)計不僅要影響零售消費者的行為，還要影響公司經(jīng)理的行為。）可知，碳標(biāo)簽有利于減少碳排放，從而有利于應(yīng)對氣候變化。所以D項“碳標(biāo)簽有助于應(yīng)對氣候變化”最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D項。DWhileresearchershaverecentlycreatedsoftandflexiblerobots,theystillcontainhardelectricpowerandcontrolsystems.Now,thankstoateamledbyHarvardUniversityprofessors,RobertWoodandJenniferA.Lewis,thereisfinallyabreakthrough.Theadorableautonomousoctobotthatstandsamere2cmtallhasnorigidparts,enablingittosqueezethroughthetiniestofspaces,justlikeoctopuses(章魚).Theoctobot,whichismainlymadeofrubber,isfueledbyamixtureofhydrogenperoxideandwater.Theliquidthatispumpedintotherobot’sbodythroughaseriesof3-Dprintedchambers(室)reactswiththespotsofplatinum(鉑)thatareplantedwithintheoctobotandformswaterandoxygen.Thereleasedgasbuildsupthepressureinthecontrollerandthechambersintherobot’sarms,causingthemtomove.Theresearchers,whointroducedtherevolutionaryrobotinthescientificjournalNature,saythatoctobotiscurrentlyjustaproofofconceptandnotreadyfortherealworld.That’sbecausetheliquidbatteryonlyprovidespowerforabouteightminutes.Additionally,itlackscontrolsandthereforecannotbedirectedinanydirection.Theteamhopestosolvetheissuesintheirnextversionofthesoftrobot,whichwillbeabletomove,swim,andsenseobjectsintheenvironment.Woodbelievesthattheoctobot’seasy-to-builddesign,lowcost,andthefactthatitsfuelabilitycanbeincreasedwillencourageotherscientistsandroboticiststocreatemorecomplexdesigns.Theresearcherssay,“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsbeginningstage,itholdsgreatpotentialforseveralapplications,suchasservicing,andinspectingmachinery,search-and-rescueoperations,andexploration.”Givenhowadorabletheyare,weagreewiththatstatement.12.Whatisthemaincharacteristicoftheoctobotcomparedtotheformerrobots?A.Shape. B.Flexibility. C.Drivingpattern. D.Productioncost.13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theoctobot’smovementprinciple. B.Theoctobot’sbuildingmaterials.C.Theoctobot’slivinghabits. D.Theoctobot’sfuturemarket.14.Whydotheresearcherssaytheoctobotisjustaconcept?A.Itisperfectincontrolsystem. B.Itisstillinthestepoftheoreticalresearch.C.Itisuselessinrealsituations. D.Itneedsamorepowerfulbattery.15.Whataretheresearchers’opinionsaboutsoftrobots?A.Theyareuniversal. B.Theyareimpractical.C.Theyareunprofitable. D.Theyarepromising.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。研究人員最近創(chuàng)造出了柔軟而靈活章魚機器人，介紹了它的移動原理和目前存在的問題，并說明了將來的改進(jìn)方向?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段最后一句“Theadorableautonomousoctobotthatstandsamere2cmtallhasnorigidparts,enablingittosqueezethroughthetiniestofspaces,justlikeoctopuses.(這個可愛的自主章魚機器人只有2厘米高，沒有堅硬的部分，使它能夠像章魚一樣擠過最微小的空間。)”可知，這個可愛的自主章魚機器人只有2厘米高，沒有堅硬的部分，使它能夠像章魚一樣擠過最微小的空間。說明它的靈活性提高了。故選B項。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀文章二段“Theoctobot,whichismainlymadeofrubber,isfueledbyamixtureofhydrogenperoxideandwater.Theliquidthatispumpedintotherobot’sbodythroughaseriesof3-Dprintedchambersreactswiththespotsofplatinumthatareplantedwithintheoctobotandformswaterandoxygen.Thereleasedgasbuildsupthepressureinthecontrollerandthechambersintherobot’sarms,causingthemtomove.(章魚機器人主要由橡膠制成，由過氧化氫和水的混合物提供燃料。通過一系列3d打印的腔體泵入機器人體內(nèi)的液體與植入機器人體內(nèi)的鉑斑發(fā)生反應(yīng)，形成水和氧氣。釋放出來的氣體在控制器和機器人手臂上的腔室中形成壓力，使它們移動。)”可知，第二段主要講了章魚機器人的移動原理。故選A項。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章三段“That’sbecausetheliquidbatteryonlyprovidespowerforabouteightminutes.(這是因為液體電池只能提供大約8分鐘的電力。)”可知，液體電池只能提供大約8分鐘的電力，它需要一個更強大的電池，因此它只是一個概念。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsbeginningstage,itholdsgreatpotentialforseveralapplications,suchasservicing,andinspectingmachinery,search-and-rescueoperations,andexploration.(雖然軟機器人技術(shù)仍處于起步階段，但它在一些應(yīng)用方面具有很大的潛力，例如服務(wù)和檢查機械、搜索和救援行動以及探索。)”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為軟機器人的前途十分光明。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。GrowingFruitTreesintheHomeGardenAnoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow.”Ithinkthislittlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.___16___.Theycanbeexpensiveandthere’salwayssomuchelsetodo.It’salsoeasytotwistone’slogic:“ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI’dgetfruit,sowhybother?”Butguesswhat.You’llbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.Here’smyadviceforselectingandgrowingfruittrees.___17___Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There’splentytolearn.Ifyourtreedoesn’tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.___18___.Mostnurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou’rebuyinglocally,youneedtolearnallyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.ProtectyourtreesAyoungtree’sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetit’sappealingtohungrydeer.___19___.Youcanpurchasenetting,tubing,orpaperorburlapwrap.Oryoucanbecreativeandmakeyourowntreeguard.Justbesurenottoconstrictthetree’strunkbywrappingtootightly.Nothingismoredisappointingthandiscoveringthatjustbeforeyourfruitfullyripened,somethinggottoitbeforeyoudid,sodoremembertoprotectyourfruits.BeattentiveFruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcarespecifictreesrequire.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.___20___.Rigorousfallclean-upisessential.Whatrewardsyourfamilywillreapifyouaddfruittreestoyourgarden.There’snotimelikethepresenttogetstarted.Justdoit.A.Don’tputitoffB.DoyourresearchC.It’stooeasytoputoffbuyingandplantingtreesD.BesafeandusesomekindoftreewraporguardE.YoualsomustbediligentinprotectingyourtreesfrompestsanddiseasesF.CheckwithyourlocalagriculturalextensionserviceG.It’salsoimportanttoknowthebesttimetoplant【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就種植和護理果樹進(jìn)行了一些說明?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anoldproverbsays,“Thebesttimetoplantatreeistwentyyearsago.Thesecond-besttimeisnow.”Ithinkthislittlepearlofwisdomisespeciallytruewhenitcomestofruittrees.(一句古老的諺語說：“種樹的最好時間是20年前。其次是現(xiàn)在。”我認(rèn)為這一智慧尤其適用于果樹)”以及后文“Theycanbeexpensiveandthere’salwayssomuchelsetodo.It’salsoeasytotwistone’slogic:“ItmightbesevenyearsbeforeI’dgetfruit,sowhybother?”Butguesswhat.You’llbewaitingawholelotlongerifyouneverplantthosetrees.(它們可能很貴，而且總是有很多其他的事情可以做。一個人的邏輯也很容易被扭曲：“我可能要等七年才能吃到水果，所以為什么要自找麻煩呢？”但你猜怎么著。如果你不種那些樹，你會等得更久)”可知，本句與后文并列都是在說明種樹的麻煩之處，故C選項“買樹和種樹太容易推遲了”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Learnaboutholedepthandwidth,wateringneeds,pruningrequirements.There’splentytolearn.Ifyourtreedoesn’tcomewiththeseinstructions,searchtheinternet.Justbesureyoursourcesarereliable.(了解洞深度和寬度，澆水的需要，修剪的要求。有很多東西要學(xué)。如果你的圣誕樹上沒有這些說明，可以上網(wǎng)搜索一下。只是要確保你的消息來源是可靠的)”可知，后文提到了了解洞的深度和寬度，澆水的需要，修剪的要求，以及要在網(wǎng)上搜索，可見是做好調(diào)查研究工作。故B選項“做好調(diào)查研究”符合語境，故選B。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Mostnurseriesshipbasedonappropriateplantingtimeforyourarea;however,ifyou’rebuyinglocally,youneedtolearnallyoucanaboutfavorableplantingconditions.(大多數(shù)苗圃基于您的地區(qū)的適當(dāng)種植時間：然而，如果你在當(dāng)?shù)刭徺I，你需要盡可能了解有利的種植條件)”可知，本句是對最佳種植時間的重要性進(jìn)行說明。故G選項“知道最佳種植時間也很重要”符合語境，故選G。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ayoungtree’sbarkisespeciallysusceptibletodamage,yetit’sappealingtohungrydeer.(幼樹的樹皮特別容易受到傷害，但對饑餓的鹿卻很有吸引力)”可知，本句應(yīng)承接上文說明如何保護樹木：使用一些樹木包裹物或防護物。故D選項“為了安全起見，使用一些樹木包裹物或防護物”符合語境，故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fruittreescraveattention,somemorethanothers.Again,researchiscrucialtoseehowmuchcarespecifictreesrequire.Allofthemneedmulching,pruning,fertilizing,andregularandfrequentwatering.(果樹渴望關(guān)注，有些果樹比其他果樹更渴望關(guān)注。同樣，研究對于了解特定樹木需要多少護理是至關(guān)重要的。它們都需要覆蓋、修剪、施肥和經(jīng)常澆水)”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于如何護理果樹的說明，故E選項“你還必須勤奮地保護你的樹木不受病蟲害的侵害”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Anursetookatiredservicemantothebedside.“Yoursonishere,”shesaidtotheoldman.Shehadto___21___thewordsseveraltimesbeforethepatient’seyesopened.___22___sedated(服鎮(zhèn)靜劑)becauseofthepainofhisheartattack,hecouldn’tsee___23___theyounguniformedMarineoutsidetheoxygentent.He___24___hishand.TheMarine___25___histoughenedfingersaroundtheoldman’s___26___ones,squeezingamessageofloveandencouragement.AllnighttheyoungMarinesatinthepoorlylightedward,holdingtheoldman’shandand___27___himwordsofloveand___28___.Thenursesuggested·___29___thattheMarinerestawhilebutherefused.Wheneverthenursecameintotheward,theMarinewas___30___ofher.Nowandthensheheardhimsayafew___31___words.Thedyingmansaidnothing,onlyheld___32___tohissonallthroughthenight.Alongtowards___33___,theoldmandied.TheMarine___34___thelifelesshandhehadbeenholdingandwenttotellthenurse.Shestartedtoofferwordsof___35___,buttheMarineinterruptedher.“Whowasthatman?”heasked.Thenursewasslightly___36___.“Hewasyourfather,”sheanswered.“No,hewasn’t,”theMarinereplied.“Ineversawhimbeforeinmylife.”“Thenwhydidn’tyousaysomethingwhenItookyoutohim?”“Iknewimmediatelytherehadbeena___37___,butIalsoknewheneededhisson,andhissonjustwasn’there.WhenI___38___thathewastoosicktotellwhetherornotIwashisson,knowinghowmuchheneededme,I___39___.”Indeed,whattheMarinedid___40___theidentityof“son”tosomeextent.21.A.say B.repeat C.tell D.consider22.A.Slightly B.Little C.Heavily D.Properly23.A.coldly B.carefully C.emotionally D.clearly24.A.froze B.cast C.waved D.extended25.A.reached B.held C.shook D.wrapped26.A.smooth B.dirty C.rough D.weak27.A.pouring B.delivering C.sending D.offering28.A.strength B.patience C.pity D.passion29.A.occasionally B.regularly C.secretly D.happily30.A.afraid B.tired C.unaware D.conscious31.A.wonderful B.hard C.gentle D.sharp32.A.loosely B.cautiously C.tightly D.sadly33.A.midnight B.dawn C.afternoon D.dusk34.A.escaped B.released C.threw D.put35.A.sympathy B.farewell C.sadness D.happiness36.A.angry B.shocked C.annoyed D.relieved37.A.mistake B.coincidence C.mystery D.death38.A.observed B.realized C.saw D.guessed39.A.stayed B.hesitated C.completed D.appeared40.A.earned B.missed C.hated D.deserved【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.D25.D26.C27.D28.A29.A30.C31.C32.C33.B34.B35.A36.B37.A38.B39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一名海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員陪伴一位素不相識的老人度過生命最后時光的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她重復(fù)了幾次，病人才睜開眼睛。A.say說；B.repeat重復(fù)；C.tell告訴；D.consider考慮。根據(jù)后文“thewordsseveraltimesbeforethepatient’seyesopened”指護士重復(fù)說了幾次，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：由于心臟病發(fā)作帶來的疼痛，他注射了大量鎮(zhèn)靜劑，無法清楚地看到氧氣帳篷外身穿制服的年輕海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員。A.Slightly稍微；B.Little一點；C.Heavily大量地，沉重地；D.Properly合適地。根據(jù)后文“sedatedbecauseofthepainofhisheartattack”可知，由于心臟病發(fā)作帶來的疼痛，他注射了大量鎮(zhèn)靜劑，故選C。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：由于心臟病發(fā)作帶來的疼痛，他注射了大量鎮(zhèn)靜劑，無法清楚地看到氧氣帳篷外身穿制服的年輕海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員。A.coldly冷淡地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.emotionally感情上；D.clearly清楚地。根據(jù)上文“couldn’tsee”指老人因為注射了大量鎮(zhèn)靜劑，無法清楚地看到氧氣帳篷外身穿制服的年輕海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析句意：他伸出手。A.froze凍結(jié)；B.cast投擲；C.waved揮動；D.extended伸出，擴展。根據(jù)后文“TheMarine_____histoughenedfingersaroundtheoldman’s______ones,squeezingamessageofloveandencouragement.”指伸出手，應(yīng)用extend。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員用他堅強的手指握著著老人粗糙的手指，傳遞出愛和鼓勵的信息。A.reached到達(dá)；B.held握??；C.shook搖晃；D.wrapped包裹，握著。根據(jù)后文“histoughenedfingersaroundtheoldman’s”指海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員用他堅強的手指握著著老人粗糙的手指，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員用他堅強的手指握著老人粗糙的手指，傳遞出愛和鼓勵的信息。A.smooth順利的；B.dirty臟的；C.rough粗糙的；D.weak虛弱的。結(jié)合常識，老人的手應(yīng)當(dāng)是粗糙的，rough符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕的海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員整夜坐在燈光昏暗的病房里，握著老人的手，對他說著充滿愛和力量的話語。A.pouring傾瀉；B.delivering遞送；C.sending發(fā)送；D.offering提供。根據(jù)后文“himwordsofloveand”可知年輕人對老人說著充滿愛和力量的話語。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕的海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員整夜坐在燈光昏暗的病房里，握著老人的手，對他說著充滿愛和力量的話語。A.strength力量；B.patience耐心；C.pity遺憾；D.passion激情。根據(jù)上文“himwordsofloveand”可知，年輕人對老人說著充滿愛和力量的話語。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：護士偶爾建議海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員休息一會兒，但他拒絕了。A.occasionally偶爾；B.regularly定期地；C.secretly秘密地；D.happily快樂地。根據(jù)后文“thattheMarinerestawhilebutherefused”可知，護士偶爾建議海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員休息一會兒，但他拒絕了。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)護士走進(jìn)病房，海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員都沒注意到她。A.afraid害怕的；B.tired疲憊的；C.unaware無意識的；D.conscious有意識的。海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員專心陪伴老人，所以每當(dāng)護士走進(jìn)病房，海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員都沒注意到她。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她不時聽到他說幾句溫柔的話。A.wonderful極好的；B.hard努力的；C.gentle溫和的；D.sharp尖銳的。呼應(yīng)上文“himwordsofloveand”可知年輕人對老人溫柔說話。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個垂死的人什么也沒說，只是整晚緊緊地握著他的兒子的手。A.loosely松散地；B.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；C.tightly牢固地；D.sadly悲傷地。根據(jù)上文“onlyheld”指老人整晚緊緊地握著他的兒子的手。故選C。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：黎明時分，老人去世了。A.midnight午夜；B.dawn黎明；C.afternoon下午；D.dusk黃昏。根據(jù)上文“allthroughthenight”可知老人在黎明時分去世。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：陸戰(zhàn)隊員松開一直握著的那只毫無生氣的手，去告訴護士。A.escaped逃走；B.released釋放；C.threw扔；D.put放。根據(jù)后文“thelifelesshand”指松開老人的手。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她開始說一些同情的話，但海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊打斷了她。A.sympathy同情；B.farewell告別；C.sadness悲傷；D.happiness幸福。根據(jù)上文“theoldmandied”可知老人去世，護士對年輕人說一些表示同情的話。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：護士有點震驚。A.angry生氣的；B.shocked震驚的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.relieved放心的。結(jié)合上文““Whowasthatman?”heasked.”可知年輕人不認(rèn)識老人，護士對此震驚。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我立刻就知道出了什么差錯，但我也知道他需要他的兒子，而他的兒子卻不在這里。A.mistake錯誤；B.coincidence巧合；C.mystery秘密；D.death死亡。根據(jù)上文“Ineversawhimbeforeinmylife.”可知是護士搞錯了，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我意識到他病得無法判斷我是不是他的兒子時，我知道他是多么需要我，我留下了。A.observed觀察；B.realized意識到；C.saw看見；D.guessed猜測。根據(jù)后文“thathewastoosicktotellwhetherornotIwashisson,knowinghowmuchheneededme”可知，年輕人看到老人的情況，意識到老人病得認(rèn)不清人了。故選B。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我意識到他病得無法判斷我是不是他的兒子時，我知道他是多么需要我，我留下了。A.stayed停留；B.hesitated猶豫；C.completed完成；D.appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“knowinghowmuchheneededme,I”可知年輕人知道老人需要自己，于是留下了。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：的確，海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊的士兵所作所為在某種程度上配得上“兒子”的身份。A.earned賺得；B.missed錯過；C.hated討厭；D.deserved值得。根據(jù)上文海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊員的做作所為以及后文“theidentityof“son””指配得上兒子的身份。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheUSAisknownforitshighconsumptionofmeats,includingchicken,porkandlamb,potatoes,greenvegetablesandsweetbreadsalsofeatureheavilyinAmericancuisine.DuetoimmigrationtoAmericafromawiderangeofdifferentcultures,Americancuisineisalsoaproductof___41___(diverse).ApplepieistheclassicAmericandessert,so