cbo -美國會(huì)影響住房援助計(jì)劃的立法成本估算 Cost Estimates for Legislation That Would Affect Housing Assistance Programs

congressionalBudgetoffice

NonportisanAnalysisfortheU.S.congress

CostEstimatesforLegislation

November14,2024

ThatWouldAffectHousingAssistancePrograms

PresentationtotheCouncilof

LargePublicHousingAuthorities

ZunaraNaeem

Analyst,BudgetAnalysisDivision

Forinformationaboutthemeeting,see

/clphas-fall-2024-meeting

.

CBO’sRoleintheBudgetProcess

CBOprovidestheCongresswithobjective,nonpartisan,andtimelyanalysesoflegislativeproposalsandofbudgetaryandeconomicissuestosupportthe

Congressionalbudgetprocess.

1

CBO’sRoleintheLegislativeProcess

BillOrderedReportedbyCommittee

BillIntroduced

BillOrdered

Reportedonthe

Floor

CBOmayprovide

technical

assistance.

CBOreviewsamendments.

CBOmayprovide

technical

assistance.

CBOmustprovidea

costestimate.

2

TotalAppropriationsforHousingAssistancePrograms,2022-2024

Billionsofdollars

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

67.63

58.3058.74

202220232024

Yearsarefiscalyears.

3

Theamountsofthisfigureareofbudgetauthority,whichisthelegalauthoritytoenterintoobligationsthatwillresultincashdisbursementsoffederalfunds.Someofthehousingassistanceprogramsincludedinthisgrapharerentalassistanceprograms,whicharedetailedonthenextslide.

AppropriationsforMajorRentalHousingAssistancePrograms,

2022-2024

Billionsofdollars

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

33.4

30.3

27.4

16

15

14

8.8

8.4

8.4

4.1

3.2

3.6

1.5

1.51.3

Project-BasedRentalAssistance

(PBRA)

Tenant-BasedRentalAssistance

(TBRA)

PublicHousingFundHomelessAssistanceGrantsHOMEInvestmentPartnership

202220232024

Program(HOME)

Yearsarefiscalyears.

Theamountsofthisfigureareofbudgetauthority.

4

HomelessAssistanceGrantsaregrantsissuedtostatestoprovidehousingvoucherstopeopleexperiencinghomelessness.

StatusofMajorHousingAssistanceFundingProvidedUnderCOVID-

EraLegislation

MillionsofdollarsCARESActHousingFunding

5250

5000

4750

4500

4250

4000

3750

3500

3250

3000

2750

2500

2250

2000

1750

1500

1250

1000

750

500

250

0

68

3932

0

0.4

2

1235

31.4

997.6

683

265.6

TBRA

($1.235B)

PBRA($998M)

Homeless

AssistanceGrants

($4B)a

PublicHousing

OperatingFund

($685M)

NativeAmerican

HousingBlock

Grants

($297M)

ExpendedAmountremaining

--Budgetauthority

5250

5000

4750

4500

4250

4000

3750

3500

3250

3000

2750

2500

2250

2000

1750

1500

1250

1000

750

500

250

0

ARPAHousingFunding

2356

4567

2624

286

5,0b

383454

HOME($4.95M)

NativeAmerican

HousingBlockGrants

($740M)

NativeHawaiian

HousingBlockGrants

TBRA($4.98B)

($5M)

ExpendedAmountremainingBudgetauthority

ThedatawasissuedbytheDepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopmentonOctober17,2024.

a.Valuesinparenthesesarebudgetauthorities.

b.Expended=5;amountremaining=0.

ARPA=AmericanRescuePlanAct(March2021);B=billions;CARESAct=CoronavirusAid,Relief,andEconomicSecurityAct(March2020);M=millions.5

SummaryofRecentLegislation

Enacted:

2022ReconciliationAct(PublicLaw117-169)

-GreenandResilientRetrofitProgram

-FundingforHUD-assistedmultifamilyhousingtoreducecarbonemissions,makeutilityefficiencyimprovements,andincorporaterenewableenergy

sources

ConsolidatedAppropriationsAct,2024

Proposed,butnotenacted:

AmendLow-IncomeHousingTaxCredit

Reducehomeownershipcosts

Reducerentalcosts

Increasethehousingsupply

Increaseaffordablehousingforveterans

6

CharacteristicsofCBO’sCostEstimates

CBO’scostestimatestellaconcisestoryaboutlegislation’sbudgetaryeffects.

Theyofferanassessmentoftheeffectsoflegislationrelativetowhatwouldhappenundercurrentlaw—specifically,anassessmentof:

Effectsonthefederalbudgetand

Mandatesimposedontheprivatesectorandstate,local,andtribalgovernments.

TheyareatoolthattheCongresscanusetoenforcebudgetrules.

Theygiveananalysisofannualchangesinspendingandrevenuesforupto

10years.

7

ComponentsofaCostEstimate

Budgetauthorityisthelegalauthoritytoenterintoobligationsthatwillresultincashdisbursementsoffederalfunds.

Discretionaryauthorizationsarelawsthatestablishorextendafederalprogram.

Directspendingarisesfromactsotherthanappropriationacts.

Discretionaryspendingismadepossiblebyanappropriationact.Outlaysarecashdisbursements.

Revenuesarereceiptsthatthefederalgovernmentcollectsfromthepublicusingitssovereignpower.

8

H.R.7024,TaxRelieffor

AmericanFamiliesandWorkersActof2024

TitleV.MoreAffordableHousing

Section501,StateHousingCreditCeiling

IncreaseforLow-IncomeHousingCredit,

wouldincreasetheamountoftaxcredits

availabletostatesundertheLow-Income

HousingTaxCreditprogramby12.5percentannuallyfortaxyears2023to2025.CBO

estimatesthatenactingsection501wouldreducerevenuesby$2.7billionoverthe2024-2033period.

Section502,Tax-ExemptBondFinancingRequirement,wouldreducethequalifyingthresholdforcertainprojectsthatare

financedbytax-exemptbonds.CBO

estimatesthatenactingsection502wouldreducerevenuesby$3.6billionoverthe2024-2033period.

SeeCBO’sestimateforH.R.7024formoreinformation:

/publication/59916

.9

S.2285,