浙江省杭州市2024-2025學年高二上學期期末考試英語試題 含解析

學年第一學期期末學業(yè)水平測試高二年級英語試題卷考生須知：本試卷分選擇題部分和非選擇題部分，共頁。滿分分，考試用時分鐘。用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。考試結束后，只需上交答題卷。第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Buyagift.B.amovie.C.hermum.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Oh,Lucy,whereareyougoing?youliketogotothecinemawithmethisafternoon?W:Sorry,David,Iamgoingtothemalltobuyapresentformymum.Herbirthdayiscoming.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】HowdidMaryfeelbeforethecontest?A.Nervous.B.Confident.C.Confused.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:HowwasyourEnglishspeechcontestyesterday,Mary?第1頁/共27頁W:behonest,Icouldn’tcalmdownatfirst,butonceIstartedspeaking,Ifeltmoreconfident.Ithinkitwentprettywell.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Studyingtogether.B.Havingawalk.C.Eatingbreakfast.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’msotiredofstudyingforthisexam.Ineedabreak.W:Whydon’twegoforawalkinthepark?It’sabeautifuldayM:Thatsoundsgreat.couldenjoythefreshairandrelaxforawhile.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoesprobablylikedrinkingonSundays?A.B.Juice.C.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:doyoudrinkteaeveryday?M:Hmm,Idrinkacupofteaeveryafternoononweekdays,butIusuallydrinkonweekends,andyou?W:Ipreferjuice.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howdidthemangotoworkinthepast?A.Bybus.B.Bysubway.C.Onfoot.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Imovetoanewapartment.It’sbiggerandbrighter,butIneedtotakethebusandthenthesubwaytowork.W:Doyoumissthedaysofwalkingtothecompany?M:Alittlebit,buttheisworthit.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的Ａ、Ｂ、C三個選項第2頁/共27頁中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.WhathappenedtoJonny’sphone?A.Thescreenwasbroken.B.Thebatterywasfaulty.C.Thecameradidn’twork.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Buyaphone.B.Repairthephone.C.Haveaclass.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Johnny,Itriedtoreachyouyesterday,butcouldn’tgetthrough.Whathappened?M:Myphonewasoutoforder.W:Didyoucrackyourphonescreenagainbyaccident?I’vetoldyoutobecareful.M:No,itwasn’tthat.Thebatterywasbrokenandwouldn’tcharge.W:Oh,I’msorrytohearthat.Sowhatareyougoingtodoaboutit?M:I’mgoingtobuyanewone,asthisonehasbeenrepairedtoomanytimes.W:I’llgowithyou.Let’shavealessonfirst.M:Okay.8.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Herhusband.B.Atravelagent.C.Atourist.9.WhatdoweknowaboutthesuggestedBalitour?A.Itlastsfivedays.B.Itfocusesonhistoricalsites.C.Itastayatafive-starhotel.10Whatdoesthewomanwanttoseeaftertheconversation?第3頁/共27頁A.Maps.B.Brochures.C.guides.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,myhusbandandIarelookingforaromanticgetawaythissummer.M:Goodmorning,madam,wherewouldyouliketogo?W:haven’tdecidedyet.Anysuggestions?M:HowaboutBali?W:Hmm,tellmemoreaboutit.M:It’saseven-daytrip.stayatafivestarhotel.canenjoywatersportslikesurfinganddiving,exploreancienttemplesorsimplyrelaxonthebeach.canalsoarrangespottreatments.HerearesomemapsbrochuresandtravelguidesaboutBali.W:Thatsoundswonderful.I’dliketoseesomebrochuresaboutit.WhatdoesMarkthinkofmodernsculpture(雕塑)?A.Itistooabstract.B.Ithasartisticvalue.C.Itappealstoagedpeople.12.Whatmaterialwasusedforthesecondsculpture?A.Metal.B.C.Glass.13.WhatwillMarkprobablydothisSaturday?A.Attendanartclass.B.adisplay.C.Buyamodernsculpture.【答案】A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Mark,Ijustgotbackfromthesculpturedgarden.Theyhavethisamazingdisplayofmodernsculptures.shouldhavecomewithme.M:Idon’tknowmodernsculpturesseemabittooabstractforme.W:ifyoudon’tunderstandtheartist’sintention,itcanfeelabitconfusing.M:Whatdidyouseethen?W:Thereweretwosculpturesthatreallystoodout.Thefirstwasthismetalpiecethatlookedlikeatwistedtree.第4頁/共27頁M:Whatdidyoulikeaboutit?W:Thewaythemetalwastwistedandturned.ItfeltsoorganicandThedarkcolorgaveitasenseofageandmystery.M:That’sinteresting.Whatabouttheotherone?W:Thesecondonewasthistallsculpturemadeofglass.Thelightseemedtopassthroughit,changingitscolorandshapedependingontheangle.M:Hmm,yourdescriptionisreallymakingmereconsidermodernsculpture.MaybeIshouldcheckoutthisdisplayonSaturday.W:reallyshould.14.Whatmakesthemanwanttostartagardeningclub?A.Hismajor.B.Hiswork.C.Hisinterest.15.Howoftenmaytheclubmembersmeet?A.Onceaday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Athome.C.Atagarden.17.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardstheman’splan?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Critical.【答案】14.C15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:Soyouwanttostartagardeningclub?M:IloveplantsandI’mhopingtomeetotherpeoplewhosharemypassion.W:Soundsgreat,buthaveyoufiguredouthowexactlytodoit?M:notreally.Iwastalkingtomyneighbortheotherdayandtheymentionedhowthey’dalwayswantedtotrygardeningbutneverknewwheretostart.W:Sotheyinspiredyoutostartaclub?M:Notexactly.Ijustwanttosharemyknowledgeandexperiencewithothers.Andhopefullylearnafewnewthingsmyself.W:Doyouwanttofocusongrowingvegetables,flowersorboth?第5頁/共27頁M:Ithinkweshouldbeopentoallkindsofgardening.canhavediscussionsaboutdifferenttechniquesandsharetips.W:That’sagreatidea,buthaveyouconsideredhowoftenyou’llmeetandwear?M:Maybeonceamonthatthelocalcommunitygarden.W:Thatsoundsfun.you’vegotalotofplanningtodo,butfirstyoushouldfinishcleaningallthedishes.M:Noproblem,areyouinterestedinjoiningtheclub?W:Ofcourse,I’vebeenwantingtogetmoreinvolvedinthecommunity.18.Whatisthereasonforthechangeoftheplan?A.Badweather.B.Lackoftime.C.Naturaldisasters.19.WhenwillthespeakerprobablyleavetheMuséed’Orsay?A.At10:00a.m.B.At2:00p.m.C.At6:00p.m.20.Whatisthelaststopofthetour?A.TheCentrePompidou.B.TheMuséed’Orsay.C.TheLouvreMuseum.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:Hieveryoneit’sarainydayinParis.havetogiveupourplansforromanticwalkalongthesameriver.Butdon’tworry,wecanstillhaveafantastictimeexploringsomeofthecity’smostfamousmuseums.willsetatteno’clocka.m.andstartwiththeLouvmuseum.It’soneoftheworld’slargestandmostfamousmuseumsandit’shometomanyincredibleworksofart.IncludingtheMonaLisaandthedemilo.Afterthatwe’llheadtoTheMuséed’Orsay.Thismuseumishousedinabeautifuloldtrainstationandhasafantasticofimpressionistandpost-impressionistpaintings,includingworksbyMonaiRenarandRememberwehavetoleavethereattwoo’clockp.m.FinallywillarriveatTheCentrePompidou.Thismodernartmuseumisknownforitsuniquearchitectureandithousesavastcollectionofcontemporaryart.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題：每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。第6頁/共27頁AIfyouareanenthusiasticandmotivated16-17yearoldstudent,lookingforasummerexperiencetoinspireandenlightenyou,ourPre-UniversitySummerSchoolisforyou.canexperienceatasteofuniversitylife,withlike-mindedpeersfromaroundtheworld.■Fourcoursestochoosefrom:EconomicsandFinance,SocialSciences,ArtsandHumanities,andScienceandEngineering■Enjoytennightsonbeautifulself-containedcampus■Livealongsidestudentambassadors(currentstudents)■SpendthedayinLondon,includingachoiceofactivities,aswellasavisittothefamousCityofOxford■AgreatmixofacademicandpersonaldevelopmentsessionsaswellassocialandculturalactivitiesStudentsapplyingforthisprogrammemustbeaged16-17andconsideringapplyingorhavealreadyappliedtouniversity.Therearenosubjectspecificcriteria(標準)butyoumustbeapassionatelearner.OurSummerSchoolcourseistaughtinEnglishsostudentsmustbeabletodemonstrateagoodlevelofEnglishlanguageandcomprehension.assessstudents’Englishabilitythroughtheirapplicationandcorrespondence.mayrequireimmigrationpermissiontoattendthePre-UniversitySummerSchool.shouldonlystartyourvisaapplicationonceyouhavemadeatuitionfeepaymentandreceivedanelectronicvisainvitationletter.21.WhatisthemainpurposeofthePre-UniversitySummerSchool?A.teachstudentsacademicsubjects.B.preparestudentsforuniversitylife.C.provideanexchangeexperience.D.helpstudentsimprovelanguageskills.22.Whichisoneoftherequirementsforstudentstobeacceptedintotheprogram?A.Beingatleast17yearsold.B.Beingenthusiasticlearners.C.Havingalreadyappliedtouniversity.D.Havingaspecificacademicbackground.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Auniversitywebsite.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Anewsarticle.D.Atextbook.第7頁/共27頁【答案】21.B22.B23.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。本文主要介紹了華威大學預科暑期學校，包括學習內容、錄取要求和語言要求等?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Ifyouareanenthusiasticandmotivated16-17yearoldstudent,lookingforasummerexperiencetoinspireandenlightenyou,ourPre-UniversitySummerSchoolisforyou.canexperienceatasteofuniversitylife,withlike-mindedpeersfromaroundtheworld.(如果你是一個充滿熱情和動力的16-17的。你可以體驗大學生活的味道，與來自世界各地志同道合的同齡人。)”可知，華威大學預科暑期學校是為了讓參與者體驗大學生活，為大學生活做好準備，由此可知，華威大學預科暑期學校的主要目的是讓學生為大學生活做好準備。故選B項。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據“Entrycriteria”部分關鍵句“Therearenosubjectspecificcriteria(標準)butyoumustbeapassionatelearner.(沒有特定學科的標準，但你必須是一個充滿激情的學習者。)”可知，被錄取者必須是一個充滿激情的學習者；由此可知，學生被錄取的要求之一是“必須是熱情的學習者”。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段關鍵句“Ifyouareanenthusiasticandmotivated16-17yearoldstudent,lookingforasummerexperiencetoinspireandenlightenyou,ourPre-UniversitySummerSchoolisforyou.(如果你是一名16-17學校正是為你而設。)”以及下文對課程信息、入學標準、語言要求和簽證要求等詳細介紹可知，本文是華威大學預科暑期學校的招生簡介，由此可知，文章更可能出自于大學網站。故選A項。BWhenphotojournalistJasperDoestarrivedintheAlpstodocumentthecoexistenceofhumansandwildlife,hefoundastoryonthesideoftheroad—agroupofbearsbeggingforfood.Thiscloseencounterledtoincrediblephotographs.Butitalsoemphasizesthethatconservationists(自然環(huán)境保護主義者)inRomaniaandelsewherefaceintheirtorestoreandprotectwildplaces.attractedbytheregion’sbrownbearsoftengiveintothetemptationtofeedthemThiscanhavedisastrouseffects.Usuallyshyaroundpeopleittakesjustafewmealstogetbearshookedonhumanfood—and,第8頁/共27頁afterthat,theydon’tstaywildlong.Instead,theycanbecomedependentonhumansforfood,fuelingmorebear-humanrun-insandputtingbearsindangerwhentheygettooclose.Thisregionhasseenariseinbear-humanconflicts.In2023,therewere95bearincidents,andahikerwasfatallymauled.Thispromptedofficialstoraisetheannualbearkillquota.Doestalsodocumentedanattackedmotherbearwhoseleghadbeenlost,forcedtobegforfoodalongtheroad.Bearsfedbyhumansbecome“problembears”,fuelinglocaloppositiontorewilding(再野生化)projects,asmoreforestsmeanmorebears.Whiledrivingonamountainpass,Doestandhisassistantrealizedthebearswerewaitingforhumanhandouts.Theyhadcompletelychangedtheirbehavior.Doestsawotherexamplesofhowtourists’handoutshadchangedtheecosystem.Ashewatchedpeoplefeedingbearssnackslikedoughnuts,herealizedthestoryofconversationintheregionwasasmuchaboutpeopleaswildlife.“Itisn’tjustaboutrewilding—it’sabouttheopportunitiesandstrugglesrewildingbringsus,”hesays.“It’sabouthowtoacceptnatureinourlives,andhowwecouldbenefitifwedoittherightway.”Sodon’tfeedthebears.couldsaveananimal’slife,andacommunity’scommitmenttowildlifeconservation.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hurdles”inparagraph1mean?A.Challenges.B.Responsibilities.C.Measures.D.Dangers.25.Whatisthemainreasonfortheincreaseinbear-humanconflictsintheregion?A.Thegrowingnumberoftourists.B.Theexpansionofhumansettlements.C.Thebears’dependenceonhumanfood.D.Thedecreaseinnaturalfoodsourcesforbears.26.Whydosomelocalsopposerewildingprojects?A.Theybelievethatrewildingwillattractmoretourists.B.Theyfearthatrewildingwillharmthelocaleconomy.C.Theythinkthatrewildingisnoteffectiveinprotectingwildlife.D.Theyworrythatrewildingwillcausemorebear-humanconflicts.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfeedingbears?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.第9頁/共27頁【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【解析】JasperDoest在羅馬尼亞特蘭西瓦尼亞阿爾卑斯山的所見所聞，強調了人類活動對野生動物的影響以及保護野生環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)。【24題詳解】WhenphotojournalistJasperDoestarrivedintheAlpstodocumentthecoexistenceofhumansandwildlife,hefoundastoryonthesideoftheroad—agroupofbearsbeggingforfood.Thiscloseencounterledtoincrediblephotographs.Butitalsoemphasizesthehurdlesthatconservationists(自然環(huán)境保護主義者)inRomaniaandelsewherefaceintheirtorestoreandprotectwildplaces.(當攝影記者JasperDoest故事——一群熊在乞求食物。這次近距離的遭遇讓他拍攝到了令人驚嘆的照片。但這同時也凸顯了羅馬尼亞和其他地方的環(huán)保人士在恢復和保護野生環(huán)境方面所面臨的hurdles)自己尋找食物，這反應了自然環(huán)境保護主義者在恢復和保護野生環(huán)境方面所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，hurdles的含義是“挑戰(zhàn)”，與“Challenges(挑戰(zhàn))”意思相符。故選A。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Usuallyshyaroundpeople,ittakesjustafewmealstogetbearshookedonhumanfood—and,afterthat,theydon’tstaywildlong.Instead,theycanbecomedependentonhumansforfood,fuelingmorebear-humanrun-insandputtingbearsindangerwhentheygettooclose.Thisregionhasseenariseinbear-humanconflicts.(棕熊通常對人類很害羞，但只要吃過幾次人類的食物，它們就會上癮——之后，它們就不會再保持野性多久。相反，它們可能會變得依賴人類獲取食物，這會導致更多熊與人類的沖突，而當它們靠得太近時，熊也會陷入危險。該地區(qū)熊與人類的沖突已經有所增加)”可知，該地區(qū)熊與人沖突增加的主要原因是熊對人類食物的依賴。故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Bearsfedbyhumansbecome“problembears”,fuelinglocaloppositiontorewilding(再野生化)projects,asmoreforestsmeanmorebears.(當地對再野生化項目的反對，因為更多的森林意味著更多的熊)”可知，一些當地人反對再野生化項目是因為他們擔心這會導致更多的熊與人之間的沖突。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中“Sodon’tfeedthebears.couldsaveananimal’slife,andacommunity’scommitmenttowildlifeconservation.(第10頁/共27頁生動物保護的承諾)”可知，作者對喂熊的態(tài)度是否定的。故選B。CScientistscannowconductspaceresearchonEarthasChina’s“groundspacestation”hasbeenputintotrialoperation,reportedXinhua.ThefacilityiscalledSpaceEnvironmentSimulationandResearchInfrastructure(SESRI).SESRIsimulates(模擬)conditionsinspaceandisdesignedforstudyingbasicspacescience.Thiswillhelpscientistsdoexperimentsthattheynormallydoinspace.SESRIisjointlydevelopedbytheHarbinInstituteofandtheChinaAerospaceScienceandCorporation.“SpaceisverydifferentfromtheenvironmentonEarthandcanhavedifferentonspacecraft.Whatwedohereistoexplorehowthetakeplaceandwhy,”LiLiyi,executivedeputydirectorofSESRI,toldGuangmingDaily.Atthefacility,thereisadevicethatsimulatesthespaceenvironmentfrom100kilometersawayfromEarthtothesun.Inthisarea,morethan99percentofvisiblematterisinaplasma(等離子體)stateinwhichgasisinahighlychargedandenergeticstateofmatter.Byre-creatingtheenvironment,thedevicecantesthowplasmaspacecraft.Also,oneofthebiggestproblemsmannedspacetravelfacesiswhenspacecraftenterEarth’satmosphere,theyaresurroundedbyplasma,leadingtocommunicationblackouts(黑障).Thetestcentercanalsohelpsolvethisissueasresearchersnowhavemoreopportunitiestodotests.Theresearchersfacedmanychallengeswhenbuildingthesimulationsystem,asconnectingvariouspartsofthedevicecanbeverycomplicated.heldmorethan700meetingsoveraconnectionproblemalone.”JinChenggangatthefacilitytoldHeilongjiangNews.SESRIalsohassimulationsystemsforthemoonandMars,whichcanre-createthevacuum,extremetemperatures,andspaceradiationthatastronautswouldencounteronthesespacebodies.Thesystemswillhelpastronautspreparefortheirmissionstotheseplacesinthefuture,reportedGuangmingDaily.Inthefuture,theplatformwillalsoplayanimportantroleinareasincludingbrainscience,lifeandhealthresearch,andthedevelopmentofhigh-endinstruments.28.Whatisthemainbenefitofsimulatingspaceenvironment?A.SupportingspaceresearchonEarth.B.Reducingthecostofspacemissions.C.Studyingtheofspaceonhumans.D.Improvingourunderstandingofblackholes.29.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?第11頁/共27頁A.Thechallengeofspaceexploration.B.TheriskofexperimentsattheSESRI.C.Thebenefitofspaceexploration.D.ThefunctionofthedeviceattheSESRI.30.WhydoestheauthorquoteJinChenggang’swords?A.shareapersonalstoryaboutthebuildingprocess.B.showthedifficultiesofbuildingthesimulationsystem.C.highlighttheimportanceofpreparationsfortheresearch.D.emphasizethechallengesofworkingwithotherresearchteams.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Spacesimulationmaybecostly.B.Spacesimulationraisessocialconcerns.C.Internationalcooperationiscrucialforspacesimulation.D.Spacesimulationhasgreatpotentialforfutureexploration.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了中國“地面空間站”SESRI的模擬太空環(huán)境功能及其意義。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“ScientistscannowconductspaceresearchonEarthasChina’s“groundspacestation”hasbeenputintotrialoperation,reportedXinhua.(據新華社報道，隨著中國“地面空間站”投入試運行，科學家如今可以在地球上開展太空研究。)”可知，模擬太空環(huán)境的主要好處是支持地球上的太空研究。故選A。【29題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第四段“Atthefacility,thereisadevicethatsimulatesthespaceenvironmentfrom100kilometersawayfromEarthtothesun.Inthisarea,morethan99percentofvisiblematterisinaplasma(等離子體)stateinwhichgasisinahighlychargedandenergeticstateofmatter.Byre-creatingtheenvironment,thedevicecantesthowplasmaspacecraft.(在這個裝置中，有一個可以模擬從距離地球100公里處直至太陽之間99%帶電且充滿能量的物質狀態(tài)。通過重現這一環(huán)境，該設備能夠測試等離子體對航天器的影響。)”可知，本段主要介紹了SESRI設備的功能。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章倒數第二段“Theresearchersfacedmanychallengeswhenbuildingthesimulationsystem,第12頁/共27頁asconnectingvariouspartsofthedevicecanbeverycomplicated.heldmorethan700meetingsoveraconnectionproblemalone.”JinChenggangatthefacilitytoldHeilongjiangNews.(在建造這個模擬系統(tǒng)時，研究人員面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn)，因為連接設備的各個部分可能非常復雜。該裝置的金成剛在接受《黑龍江新聞》采700)”可知，作者引用金成剛的話是為了展示建造模擬系統(tǒng)的困難。故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“SESRIalsohassimulationsystemsforthemoonandMars,whichcanre-createthevacuum,extremetemperatures,andspaceradiationthatastronautswouldencounteronthesespacebodies.Thesystemswillhelpastronautspreparefortheirmissionstotheseplacesinthefuture,reportedGuangmingDaily.Inthefuture,theplatformwillalsoplayanimportantroleinareasincludingbrainscience,lifeandhealthresearch,andthedevelopmentofhigh-endinstruments.(空間環(huán)境地面模擬裝置還設有月球和火星的模擬系統(tǒng)，這些系統(tǒng)可以重現宇航員在這些天體上會遇到的真空環(huán)境、極端溫度以及太空輻射。據《光明日報》報道，這些系統(tǒng)將幫助宇航員為未來前往這些地方執(zhí)行任務做好準備。未來，這個平臺還將在腦科學、生命與健康研究以及高端儀器研發(fā)等領域發(fā)揮重要作用。)”可知，作者在最后一段暗示了太空模擬對未來探索有很大的潛力。故選D。DWhenpreparingforatest,moststudentsassumeit’sbesttosimplystudythematerialandtrytomemorizeasmuchofitaspossible.Manytestsseeminglyrewardrote(死記硬背)memorization.Butwhatifstudentstrainedbytestingthemselvesinstead?Usually,studyingisconsideredasaferbet;whyriskproducingwronganswerswhenyoucanjustmemorizetherightone?itturnsoutmakingerrorsearlyoncanbemorehelpfulforrememberinginformationovertime.CognitivepsychologistsHenry“Roddy”RoedigerandKarpickeconductedastudywheretheyhadhundredsofstudentsmemorizepassagesfromatest-preparationbookfortheofEnglishasaForeignLanguage(TOEFL).Onegroupmemorizedthesepassagesbyreadingthemrepeatedly,whileanothergroupreadthepassagesseveraltimesandthencompletedthreetests.Theresultsweresurprising:thestudentswhorepeatedlystudiedthematerialinitiallyperformedbetter,butwhentheyweretestedagainaweeklater,thestudentswhotestedthemselvesrecalledover60%ofwhattheyhadlearned,comparedtoonly40%forthegroupwhorepeatedlystudied.Thetestinghassincebeenconfirmedinmanystudiesunderarangeofconditions.Itsvalueremainsundoubted,butscientistsarestilldebatingwhyithassuchapowerfulonmemory.Thesimplestexplanation第13頁/共27頁isthattestingexposesourweaknesses.Whenwetestourmemories,weexposetheweaknessesofexistingneuronal(神經元的)connectionsinawaythatultimatelystrengthenswhat’susefulandremoveswhat’snot,makingtheinformationweattempttomemorizemorelastingandeasiertorecall.maximizethebenefitsofthetestingit’simportanttoreturntothesameinformationinshortersessionsoverseveraldaysinsteadofcramming(塞入)everythingintoasinglenightofintensestudying.Thisallowsyourbraintoconsolidatetheinformationandcreatestrongermemories.Inconclusion,testingisnotjustatoolforassessingyourknowledgebutalsoapowerfullearningtool.Byembracingerrorsandactivelytestingyourself,youcanimproveyourlearningandmemory.So,insteadofavoidingmistakes,embracethemasopportunitiesforgrowthandmastery.32.WhatdoweknowaboutHenryandstudy?A.Self-testingworksonlywithotherstudymethods.B.Bothgroupsofstudentsperformedthesameatfirst.C.Rotememorizationdoesn’tworkwellinthelongrun.D.Thestudyfocusedonusingatest-preparationbookforTOFEL.33.Whathappenstothebrainwhenpeopletesttheirmemories?A.Additionalneuronalconnectionsinthebrainarecreated.B.Thebrainprocessesnewpiecesofinformationatahigherspeed.C.Theweakconnectionsbetweenneuronsinthebrainareremoved.D.butusefulneuronalconnectionsareexposedandstrengthened.34.Whichofthefollowingistheeffectivewaytostudyaccordingtoparagraph4?A.makingmistakesduringstudy.B.Crammingalltheinformationintoonenightofstudying.C.Reviewingthematerialinshortsessionsoverseveraldays.D.Focusingontheinformationthatismostlikelytobeonthetest.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CrammingforExams:ASaferBetforSuccessB.TheWhyPracticeMakesPerfectC.ThePowerofAnEffectiveApproachtoLearningD.TheScienceBehindLearning:HowOurBrainsProcessInformation【答案】32.C33.D34.C35.C第14頁/共27頁【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是通過自我測試而非單純死記硬背來提高學習效果的研究發(fā)現，及其對長期記憶的積極影響?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Theresultsweresurprising:thestudentswhorepeatedlystudiedthematerialinitiallyperformedbetter,butwhentheyweretestedagainaweeklater,thestudentswhotestedthemselvesrecalledover60%ofwhattheyhadlearned,comparedtoonly40%forthegroupwhorepeatedlystudied.(結果令人驚訝：那些反復學習材料的學生最初表現得更好，但當一周后再次測試時，自我測試的學生回憶起了他們所學內容的60%以上，而反復學習的學生僅能回憶起40%)”可知，研究表明，死記硬背在短期內效果較好，但在長期記憶中不如自我測試有效。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Whenwetestourmemories,weexposetheweaknessesofexistingneuronal(神經元的)connectionsinawaythatultimatelystrengthenswhat’susefulandremoveswhat’snot,makingtheinformationweattempttomemorizemorelastingandeasiertorecall.(當我們測試自己的記憶時，我們揭示了現有神經元連接的弱點，這種方式最終會強化有用的部分并去除無用的部分，從而使我們試圖記住的信息更加持久且更容易回憶。)”可知，測試記憶時，大腦會暴露并強化有用的神經元連接，同時去除無用的連接，由此可知，弱但有用的神經元連接被暴露并得到加強。故選D項?！?4題詳解】maximizethebenefitsofthetestingit’simportanttoreturntothesameinformationinshortersessionsoverseveraldaysinsteadofcramming(塞入)everythingintoasinglenightofintensestudying.(為了最大化測試效應的好處，重要的是在幾天內分多次短時段復習相同的信息，而不是在一個晚上進行高強度的突擊學習。)”可知，有效的學習方法是分幾天進行短時間復習，而不是一晚上突擊學習，由此可知，在幾天內分多次短時段復習材料是有效的學習方法。故選C項。【35題詳解】itturnsoutmakingerrorsearlyoncanbemorehelpfulforrememberinginformationovertime.(然而，結果表明，早期犯錯對于隨著時間的推移記住信息更有幫助。)”和第三段中的“Thetestinghassincebeenconfirmedinmanystudiesunderarangeofconditions.(測試效應已經在多種條件下通過許多研究得到了證實。)”可知，本文的核心在于探討測試作為一種有效的學習工具的力量，而且測試對學習和記憶的強大效果，所以題目“測試的力量：一種有效的學習方法”概括了全文的主題，是最佳標題。故選C項。第15頁/共27頁第二節(jié)共5小題：每小題分，滿分分)haveallbeengiventhegiftthatislife.____36____canchoosetowasteit,orwecanchoosetohavethebestlifepossible.____37____Somepeopleareafraidofchange,preferringtocontinuealongintherut(車轍)thattheyhavedugforthemselves.Theyareleadingawastedlifebecausetheyarenotmakinguseoftheirfullpotential.Theyarenotachievingbecausetheyareafraidofwhatwillhappeniftheytry.Thekeytoachievingasuccessfullifeistochangeyourviewofyourselfandtheworldaroundyou.Everyaspectofyourlifecanbechangedthroughpositivethinking.Thinkpositivelyaboutyourself,andyouwillbecomemoreconfidentandmoredecisive.Whenfacedwithaproblem,thinktoyourself,“Icandothis.”____38____Don’tgiveupandbenegative.Keeptryinguntilthejobisdone.Neveracceptdefeat.Don’tallowotherstopersuadeyouthatsomethingcannotbedone.Thereisalwaysaway,andthepositivethinkerwillkeeplookingforthatalternativeway.____39____Maintaininganopenmindallowsthepositivethinkertotakeeveryopportunitythattheymeet,anduseittotheiradvantage.Hardworkandcommitmentscaresomepeople.Theyfearthatinsomeway,theyarenotgoodenoughorskilledenoughtosucceed.____40____Theyknowthattheyaregoodenoughandknowhowtogettheskillstheyneed.Apositivethinkerisalearner,asknowledgeisalwaysuseful.A.Whatwedowithitisuptous.B.Thepositivethinkerwillovercomethesedoubts.C.Thenfindthebestwaytoachievetheresultyouwant.D.Anyonewithanegativeattitudetowardslifecanchange.E.Positivethinkingistheoilthatkeepsthewheelsofyourambitionturning.F.Apositivethinkerwillalwaysbereadytoadapthisideastosuitthesituation.G.Mostpeoplewanttolookbackatalonglifefilledwithsuccessandhappiness.【答案】36.A37.D38.C39.F40.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了積極思維對于改變自我認知、面對挑戰(zhàn)和取得成功的重要性?！?6題詳解】由上文“haveallbeengiventhegiftthatislife.(我們都被賦予了生命這份禮物。)”和下文“canchoose第16頁/共27頁towasteit,orwecanchoosetohavethebestlifepossible.(我們可以選擇浪費它，也可以選擇過上最好的生活。)”可知，上文提到生命是一份禮物，下文描述了利用生命的方式，本空應承上啟下，說明我們如何使用這份禮物由我們自己決定。A選項“Whatwedowithitisuptous.(我們如何使用它取決于我們自己。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。A選項中it指代thegiftthatislife，故選A。【37題詳解】由下文“Somepeopleareafraidofchange,preferringtocontinuealongintherut(車轍)thattheyhavedugforthemselves.Theyareleadingawastedlifebecausetheyarenotmakinguseoftheirfullpotential.Theyarenotachievingbecausetheyareafraidofwhatwillhappeniftheytry.(老路。他們過著浪費的生活，因為他們沒有充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力。他們沒有成功，因為他們害怕如果他們嘗試會發(fā)生什