綜合訓(xùn)練：Unit3-單元檢測題

1/1綜合訓(xùn)練：Unit3單元檢測題(時間：100分鐘；滿分：120分)Ⅰ.單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)1．Usuallyachild'sbehaviorisa________ofhisfamilyenvironment.A．recognition B．reflectionC．return D．record2．Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy，withadiningtablealready________foramealtobecooked.A．laid B．layingC．tolay D．beinglaid3．Theyurgedthatthelibrary________duringthevacation.A．wouldbekeptopening B．bekeptopenC．tobekeptopened D．waskeptopen4．Shewasscared________onthehorsewhenshewasyoung.A．toride B．ridingC．ofbeingridden D．rode5．Playingwithacellphone，hesuddenly________theteacherstaringathim.A．knewof B．becameawareofC．reflected D．a(chǎn)warefor6．Mynephewissonaughtythatheoftenhangsfromthelittletree________andswingsbackandforth.A．uptoB．theupsidesanddownsidesC．upsidedownD．downandout7．Iwishyou'ddo______talkingandsomemorework.Thusthingswillbecomebetter.A．a(chǎn)bitless B．a(chǎn)nylessC．muchmore D．a(chǎn)littlemore8．Morethan$10millioninresearchcostshasbeenlostona(n)________nuclearsafetyprogram.A．a(chǎn)bandoned B．removedC．consumed D．polished9．Openingthewindow，wesawahighmountain____usgoingupintothesky，justlikeaskyscraper.A．a(chǎn)cross B．a(chǎn)gainstC．opposite D．through10．Mostofus________ourmannedspaceshipfloatinginspaceonTV，whichinspiredusgreatly.A．sought B．witnessedC．undertook D．glanced11．Hisfatalmistakehasbecomethe________，forwhichhisteamlostthechancetoreachthelast16intheWorldCup.A．example B．handleC．face D．target12．The________CCTVSpringFestivalGalanotonlygivesusmuchpleasure，butalsobringsaboutsomesuperstars，likeXiaoShenyang.A．every B．eachC．one D．a(chǎn)nnual13．It'snotgoodmannersforawomantospeakalmostwithout________forbreath；it'snecessarytolistentoothers'opinion.A．pausing B．standingC．predicting D．opposing14．He________thatcountryforpoliticalreasons；however，theplanecrashedontheway.A．escaped B．fledC．ranaway D．fleefrom15．He，outofbreath，_______himselfalongthestreet.Perhapshewasbadlyill.A．drew B．pulledC．dragged D．pushedⅡ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)WehadtheopportunitytocometoLondonagainthisyear.Iwascomingfora__16__andJennywascomingtoenjoysomesightseeing.Myconferencewasduringtheweek，sowehadtheweekend__17__.Wedecidedthisyeartorentacarand__18__outofLondon.Thiswasprobablyoneofourbest__19__yet，inspiredinnosmallpartbyJenny'scousinRebecca，whorecently__20__totheUnitedStatesafterspendingalmostayearintheUK.OnSaturday，wesetoutassoonaswecouldhirethecar__21__thesouthofWales.WewereheadingtowardsRaglanCastleandTinternAbbey.JennyandIstudiedthe__22__wewereheadedfor.Wefullyplannedtousethemainmotorwaysonlyto__23__time，andtogetontothemorelocalroads__24__wecouldspendsometimelookingatthevillagesandtownsalongtheway.Wedecidedtohead__25__forTinternAbbey.Wegotalittlelostwhentryingtofindoneofthemorelocalroads.We__26__headingsouthalittlemorewestthanwehad__27__.Followingthemap，Jennyidentifiedadifferent__28__thatwouldtakeustotheabbey.We__29__therearound15∶30.Itwasaspectacularviewandwewerethereuntilclosingtimeat17∶00.Atthat__30__werealizedthatwehadnot__31__anythingallday.Wewerehavingtoomuchofagoodtime，andhad__32__aboutfood.Earlierintheday，whenwewerebuyingthemap，weboughtadietcoketodrinkinthecar.That's__33__wehadhadallday.Realizingthis，andthatweweregettingabit__34__，westoppedforfood.Thenwestartedourjourney__35__toLondonandfinallyreturnedsafelytoourhotel.16．A.party B．meetingC．discussion D．report17．A.free B．busyC．interesting D．boring18．A.escape B．walkC．drive D．draw19．A.holidays B．jobsC．suggestions D．ideas20．A.belonged B．returnedC．hurried D．sent21．A.for B．a(chǎn)longC．in D．a(chǎn)round22．A.ocean B．countryC．school D．a(chǎn)rea23．A.take B．changeC．save D．kill24．A.despite B．sothatC．unless D．evenif25．A.actually B．suddenlyC．firstly D．immediately26．A.kepton B．thoughtofC．stuckin D．endedup27．A.found B．intendedC．expected D．learnt28．A.path B．voiceC．situation D．sight29．A.gathered B．leftC．found D．a(chǎn)rrived30．A.cost B．rateC．point D．sight31．A.eaten B．enjoyedC．cooked D．prepared32．A.worried B．complainedC．forgotten D．talked33．A.when B．whereC．why D．what34．A.excited B．curiousC．tired D．a(chǎn)ngry35．A.back B．forwardC．up D．downⅢ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)AEarsareforhearing－everyoneknowsthat.ButforacreaturecalledtheCuvier'sbeakedwhale,hearingstartsinthethroat,anewstudyfound.Theobservationmighthelpexplainhowallwhaleshear.Theworkmightalsohelpscientistsunderstandhowanimalsareaffectedbyunderwatersonar(聲吶)．Thissonar，usedbysomeships，sendsoutsoundwavestolocateunderwaterobjects.TheCuvier'sbeakedwhaleisaso-calledtoothedwhale.Toothedwhalesdivedeepintotheoceaninsearchoffood.Asthewhaleshunt,theyproducesoundsthatreachobjectsandthenreturntothewhales.Thisallowstheanimalsto“see”theshape,size,andlocationofobjects，evenwhenthey're1,000metersunderthesea,whereitistotallydark.Tobetterunderstandhowthewhalehears，researchersfromSanDiegoStateUniversityinCaliforniatookX-raysoftwoCuvier'sbeakedwhales.Thewhaleshaddiedandwasheduponthebeach.TheCranfordandhiscolleaguesusedtheimagestomakeacomputermodelofaCuvier'sbeakedwhale'shead.Then,theymodeledtheprocessofsoundtravelingthroughthehead.Theresearchersknewthatsomesoundsgettotheearsofatoothedwhalethroughastructurecalled“thewindowforsound”．Foundonthelowerjaw,thisstructureisverythinontheoutsideandhasalargepad(墊)offatontheinside.Whentheresearchersandtheircomputermodeltoworkouthowsoundwavestravelinthewhale'shead,theyweresurprisedtofindthatsoundscomingfromrightinfrontofthewhaleactuallytravelundertheanimal'sjaw.Fromthere,soundwavesmovethroughthethroat，intoaholeinthebackofthejaw,andfinallytothepadoffatneartheanimal'sears.36．Toothedwhales________tosearchforwhattheywilleatunderthesea.A．measuretheshapeandsizeoftheirobjectsB．watchdeepintotheseaC．a(chǎn)skotherwhalestoworktogetherD．giveoutsignalsandwaitforthemtoreturn37．WhichofthefollowingdescribesthewaytakenbysoundwavesthroughaCuvier'sbeakedwhale?A．Aholeinthebackofthejaw→theears→thejaw→thethroat.B．Thejaw→thethroat→aholeinthebackofthejaw→theears.C．Thethroat→thejaw→theears→aholeinthebackofthejaw.D．Theears→thethroat→aholeinthebackofthejaw→thejaw.38．Accordingtothepassageweknowthat________.A．thethroatisimportanttotheCuvier'sbeakedwhale'shearingB．shipssendoutsoundwaveslikeaCuvier'sbeakedwhaleC．theearsareactuallyuselesstotheCuvier'sbeakedwhaleD．theresearchershaven'tfoundhowthewhaleshearBLastnight'smeteor(流星)showerleftmanypeopleinthecommunitydissatisfiedanddemandinganswers.AccordingtoGabeRothschild，EmeraldValley'smayor，peoplegatheredinthesuburbsofthecity，carryingheavytelescopes，expectingtowatchthebrightlyburningmeteorspassingthroughthesky.Whattheyfoundinsteadwasaskysobrightenedbythecity'slightsthatitdarkenedthelightofthemeteorspassingoverhead.“Myfamilywassofrustrated，”admittedtownresidentDuaneCosby.“Wewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyouting，butitturnedouttobeahugedisappointment.”Astronomers—scientistswhostudystarsandplanets—havebeencomplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades.Theysaythatlightpollutionpreventsthemfromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.Theycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstit.Thereisyetapopulationbesidesprofessionalandamateurstarobserversthatsuffersevenmorefromlightpollution.Thispopulationconsistsofbirds，bats，frogs，snakes，etc.Forexample，outdoorlightingseverelyaffectsmigrating(遷徙的)birds.AccordingtotheInternationalDark-SkyAssociation，“100millionbirdsayearthroughoutNorthAmericadieincrasheswithlightedbuildingsandtowers.”Countlessmoreanimalcasualties(傷亡)resultfromtheuseofartificiallighting.Clearly，peopleenjoythebenefitsoflightingtheirevenings，butsomescientiststhinkitcanbeharmfulforhumans，too.Theyworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson'schancesofgettingcancer.EmeraldValleyisonlyonecommunitythatisbecomingawareofthenegativeeffectsoflightpollution.Foryears，F(xiàn)lagstaff，Arizona，hasenforcedlightingregulationsinitscityinordertoassistastronomersattheLowellObservatory.Similareffortshavebeenmadeworldwide，andamovementisunderwaytoremindustoturnofflightswhenwearenotusingthem，sothatothercreaturescansharethenight.39．Ithappenedlastnightthat________.A．thecity'slightsaffectedthemeteorwatchingB．themeteorsflewpastbeforebeingnoticedC．thecitylightshowattractedmanypeopleD．themeteorwatchingendedupasocialouting40．Whatdotheastronomerscomplainabout?A．Meteorshowersoccurlessoftenthanbefore.B．Theirobservationequipmentisinpoorrepair.C．Lightpollutionhasremainedunsolvedforyears.D．Theireyesightisfailingduetoartificiallighting.41．WhatistheauthorconcernedaboutaccordingtoParagraph4?A．Birdsmaytakeothermigrationpaths.B．Animals'livinghabitsmaychangesuddenly.C．Varietiesofanimalswillbecomesharplyreduced.D．Animals'survivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting.42．Whatmessagedoestheauthormostwanttogiveus?A．Savingwildlifeissavingourselves.B．Greateffortsshouldbemadetosaveenergy.C．Humanactivitiesshouldbeenvironmentallyfriendly.D．Newequipmentshouldbeintroducedforspacestudy.C“Thenoisemadebyboatsofwhalewatchingtouristsmaybecausingcommunicationproblemsfortheanimals，”Britishresearcherssaidlastweek.Whalewatchingisapopulartouristactivityinplaceswheregroupsofkillerwhales(虎鯨)live.Everyday，dozensofboatsfilledwithtouristsgotowatchthebeautifulanimals.Unfortunately，theenginesoftheboatsmakealotofnoise，andthatmaybecausingproblemsforthewhales，accordingtoareportintheUSsciencemagazineNature.Thewhalestravelingroups,andcommunicatewitheachotherthroughsonic(聲波的)callsthatsomescientistsrefertoassinging.Thesoundsoftheboatenginesmaybecreatingtoomuchbackgroundnoiseforthewhalestobeabletoheareachother.Theresearcherslistenedtorecordingsofwhalecallsmadebetween15and25yearsago，beforewhalewatchingbecamepopular.Thesewerecomparedtomorerecentrecordings.Theyfoundthattheanimalshavestartedtosingforlongerthantheyusedto,likeapersonshoutingtoafriendacrossanoisyroom.Itisbelievedthatthewhalesaretryingtocommunicatehuntingorbreedinginformation.Scientistssaidthat,ifthisisprevented,thefutureoftheworld'swhalepopulationcouldbeindanger.“Animalsbecomeslowinmindandrepeatthemselvesinnoisyareas，”saidVolkerDeecke，aCanadianbiologist.“Theyhavetosaythingstwiceorthreetimesinordertobeunderstood.”ThekillerwhalesstudiedwerelivingoffthecoastofnorthwesternAmerica.Thenumberofkillerwhalesinthisareahasbeenfallingforseveralyears,butscientistsarenotsurewhy.43．Thepassagemainlytellsus________.A．theproblemsofwhalewatchingB．howkillerwhalescommunicatewitheachotherC．thereducedpopulationofkillerwhalescausedbywhalewatchingD．hearingproblemsofthekillerwhalescausedbywhalewatching44．Nowinanoisybackground,thekillerwhaleshaveto________.A．singinaloudervoiceB．singlongerC．travelinsmallergroupsD．getnearertoeachother45．Scientistsbelievethatkillerwhalessingto________.A．warneachotherofdangersB．keepinthesamegroupC．sendusefulinformationD．enjoythemselves46．Fromthepassage，wecanfeelthattheauthoris________.A．a(chǎn)ngry B．hopefulC．worried D．disappointedDSharkshavebeenswimmingintheoceanformillionsofyears.TheywereonEarthevenbeforedinosaurs!Atthetopoftheworld'socean'sfoodchain,sharkshelpkeepthepopulationofotheroceananimalsinbalance.Alargedropinthenumberofsharkscancauseseriousproblemsforalloceananimals.Savingsharksmakessense!Manypeopleareafraidofsharks.Butmostsharksareharmless.Onlyasmallpercentageofsharksareknowntoattackhumans.Itadapts(適應(yīng))welltonewhabitatsandeatswhateverisavailable.However,today,sharksareintrouble.Nearlyone-thirdofthe400sharkspeciesareindangerofextinction,largelyduetooverfishing.Eachyear，tensofmillionsofsharksarecaughtandkilledjustfortheirfins(鰭)．Thefinsareusedtomakesharkfinsoup.HumaneSocietyInternational(HSI)joinedwiththeJaneGoodallInstitute'sRootsandShootsprogramandBeijingZootoprotectsharks.Anexhibitatthezoo，“ThePriceBehindtheTaste－ProtectSharks.Don'tEatSharkFins”，wasdesignedtotellpeoplethatsharkfinningiscruelandunnecessary.It'shopedthattheactivitywillhelpputanendtothepractice.SharkfinsoupisalsoeatenintheUnitedStates.Infact，thenumbersofsomesharkspeciesinUSwatershavedropped90percentinthelast30years.To_slow_the_fal，laws_against_the_sale_of_shark_fins_have_been_passed_in_several_states，includingHawaii，Oregon，Washington，andCalifornia.It'shopedthatwithourhelp，sharkswillcontinuetoswimintheoceanformanymoremillionsofyears.47．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytellus?A．Oceananimalsareatthetopofthefoodchain.B．Sharksplayanimportantroleintheocean.C．Sharksareanoldspeciesintheocean.D．Sharksarebeingcaughtandkilled.48．AccordingtoParagraph2，sharksareintroublebecause________.A．theyoftenattackhumansB．theirfoodisbeingpollutedC．theyarebeingcaughtforfoodD．theirhabitatisbeingdestroyed49．Theunderlinedpart“thepractice”inParagraph3refersto________.A．sharkfinningB．sharkprotectionC．theprogramofHSID．theexhibitatBeijingZoo50．Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A．Thereare400sharkspeciesintheUnitedStates.B．It'sillegaltoeatsharkfinsoupintheUnitedStates.C．Mostsharksarenotinterestedinahumanfordinner.D．Sharksareveryparticularabouttheirhabitatsandfood.Ⅳ.閱讀填句(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)ThelegalagefordrinkingalcoholintheUnitedStatesis21.51.________HerewelookatalcoholpoliciesatAmericancollegesanduniversities.52．________Butmanyschoolshavebeenmovingtostrengthentheirrules.TheUnitedStateshasmorethan17millionstudentsinhighereducation.Eachyear,1,700ofthemaged18to24diefromalcohol－relatedroadaccidentsandotherinjuries.6,000,000moreareinjuredwhileundertheinfluenceofalcohol,andalmost7,00,000areattackedbyanotherstudentwhohasbeendrinking.Onebehaviourthatcollegeofficialsaretryingtopreventisbinge(狂歡)drinking，having4or5drinksormoreinashortperiodoftime.Someresearchershavefoundthatstudentswhothinkbingedrinkingisnormaloftenoverestimate(高估)howmuchotherstudentsreallydrink.53.________AttheUniversityofOklahoma，newpolicieswentintoeffectaftera19-year-oldstudentdied.Hehadbeendrinkingheavilyataparty.Nowalcoholisnotallowedinallfraternity(兄弟會)andsorority(女生聯(lián)誼會)housesanduniversityhousing.StudentorganizationscanservealcoholateventsbutonlyonFridayandSaturdaynights,andtheymustprovidetransportationtoandfromoff-campusparties.54.________Thepoliciesgovernbehaviouroncampusandoff.Withafirstviolation(違反),studentspay75dollarsandtheirparentsaretold.55.________Forasecond“strike”，theyhavetopay150dollars.Athirdstrikemeanstheywillberemovedfromschoolforatleastoneterm.A．Underagedrinkingisacrimebutalsoacommonpartofcollegesociallife.B．Peopleunder21willnotbeallowedtodrink.C．Thesepoliciesdifferfromschooltoschool.D．Apersoncandieofalcoholpoisoning.E．Whentheyaredrinking,theyalwaysforgetit.F．Othernewrequirementsincludeanalcoholeducationprogrammethatfirst-yearstudentstakeonline.G．Theymustalsotakeanalcoholeducationclass.Ⅴ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)Timeflylikeanarrow.I'malreadyinthesecondhalfofSeniorGrade3beforeIrealizedit.ItisonlyalittlemorethanthreemonthsbeforeIgraduatemiddleschool.Atthepresent，I'mbusyreviewmylessonsinordertotaketheCollegeEntranceExamination.IhopetogotoBeijingUniversity，thatisoneofthebestuniversitiesnotonlyinChinabutalsointheworld.I'lltrymybestturnmydreamtoreality.Mostofmyclassmatesarealsostudyingveryhardtorealizeourwishes.Idobelieveeveryonewillbeabletoenteraverygooduniversityandcollege.Ⅵ.書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Bill發(fā)來電子郵件，詢問你是如何過星期天的。請你根據(jù)下面四幅圖的提示給他回一封電子郵件，介紹你在星期天的活動。注意：1.詞數(shù)：100個左右；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。HiBill，Thankyouforyoure-mail.LetmetellyouwhatIdidlastSunday.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua參考答案1．B句意：通常孩子的行為舉止是其家庭環(huán)境的反映。reflection反映，符合句意。recognition識別，承認(rèn)；return歸還；record記錄，均不合句意。2．A考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。lay(布置，擺放)是及物動詞，與diningtable是動賓關(guān)系，且lay發(fā)生在不定式所表示的動作之前，故此處用過去分詞作賓補，表示被動和完成。3．B句意：他們呼吁圖書館在假日期間照常開放。urge后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句的謂語要用“should＋動詞原形”，should可省略。故選B項。4．A句意：她小時候害怕騎馬。bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事；bescaredofsth.害怕某物。5．B句意：他正在玩手機(jī)，突然意識到老師在盯著他。becomeawareofsth.“意識到某事”。knowof意為“了解”；reflect意為“反射，思考”；D項搭配錯誤。6．C句意：我的侄子非常頑皮，他經(jīng)常倒掛在小樹上來來回回?fù)u擺。upsidedown“上下翻轉(zhuǎn)”；upto“直到”；theupsidesanddownsides“優(yōu)勢和缺點”；downandout“被打倒在地”。7．A句意：我希望你少說多做。這樣事情才能變好。根據(jù)句意可知說話人希望對方“少”說話，多工作。any修飾比較級時一般用于否定句或疑問句，因此B項不正確。此空白處需要“較少”之意，排除C和D兩項。8．A考查過去分詞的用法。此處abandoned意為：被放棄的。句意：一千多萬美金的研究費用損失在廢棄的核安全項目上。9．C句意：打開窗戶，我們對面就是一座大山，高聳入云，像摩天大樓。opposite在……對面；against與我們背對，相反方向。10．B句意：大多數(shù)人通過電視目睹了我們的載人飛船在太空中翱翔，這一事件極大地激勵著我們。witness當(dāng)場見到，目擊，符合句意。seek尋找，探索，尋求；undertake從事；glance看一下，掃視。11．D句意：他致命的錯誤成了被攻擊的目標(biāo)，因為這個錯誤喪失了進(jìn)軍世界杯16強的機(jī)會。target目標(biāo)，靶，受批評的對象，符合句意。12．D句意：每年的春節(jié)晚會不僅僅給我們帶來許多快樂，還造就了許多超級明星，如小沈陽。annual每年的，按年度計算的，符合句意。空格前有the，故排除A、B、C三項。13．A句意：一位女士說話像放連珠炮似的是不禮貌的，聽聽別人的意見也很有必要。pause暫停，中止，符合句意。standfor代表，象征，表示；predict預(yù)言，預(yù)告，預(yù)測；oppose反對，反抗，與(某人)較量。14．B考查動詞詞義。flee既可作及物動詞，又可作不及物動詞；D項的時態(tài)不對；A、C項缺少介詞from。15．Cdragoneself表示“蹣跚著前進(jìn)”。句意：他氣喘吁吁地在大街上蹣跚前進(jìn)，可能病得不輕。【語篇解讀】作者利用開會之余的周末時間，進(jìn)行自駕旅游觀光活動。盡管他們在尋找道路方面遇到一些麻煩，但是欣賞了野外美麗的風(fēng)景，心情十分愉悅。16．B根據(jù)下文Myconference可知，作者來倫敦的主要目的是參加會議。17．A根據(jù)句中duringtheweek可得出答案。18．C根據(jù)句中rentacar可得出答案。19．D作者打算利用周末時間，開車出去觀光，這是一種想法。20．B根據(jù)句中afterspendingalmostayearintheUK可知，Rebecca在英國待了將近一年后回到了美國。21．A結(jié)合整個句子可知，這里是setoutfor(aplace)這一搭配。22．D這里用area指代前面提到的thesouthofWales。23．C文中提到themainmotorways和themorelocalroads兩種交通道路，兩者相比，themainmotorways節(jié)省時間。24．B他們選擇themorelocalroads是為了欣賞路兩邊的風(fēng)光，故用sothat。25．C結(jié)合下文可知，這里說明行動的順序，發(fā)生在行動之初，用firstly。26．D根據(jù)前句Wegotalittlelost可知，由于迷路，他們最終走得稍遠(yuǎn)了一些。endupdoingsth.表示結(jié)果。27．B根據(jù)語境可知，他們預(yù)先打算好了路線。28．A根據(jù)句中thatwouldtakeustotheabbey可知，這里指路線。29．D根據(jù)后句Itwasaspectacularview可知，這里指他們到達(dá)那里的時間。30．C根據(jù)句中werealizedthat可推斷，這里指“在那個時刻”。31．A根據(jù)后句中aboutfood可得出答案。32．C根據(jù)語境可知，他們一直在觀看景色，因此把吃飯的事情忘記了。33．D根據(jù)句中hadallday和語境可推斷，他們一整天就喝了點可樂，用what。34．C忙了一整天，又沒有吃飯，這個時候的感覺除了餓以外，當(dāng)然是累了。35．A根據(jù)后句中returnedsafelytoourhotel可知，他們返回了倫敦。36．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第三句可知柯氏喙鯨是通過發(fā)出信號，并等待信號返回來尋找食物。37．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知柯氏喙鯨聽力的過程為B項。38．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可推斷喉嚨對柯氏喙鯨聽力很重要，故選A項。【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。全文說明了光污染帶來的