初中定語從句課件

1、什么是定語從句呢？,答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。,結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 句子,The man who lives next to us is a doctor.,先行詞,_,_,關(guān)系詞,_,定語從句,關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom, whose 關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why,關(guān)系代詞： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/賓格) that whom（賓格）,關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作主語或賓語),This is

2、a dream. The dream will never come true.,This is a dream which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found. The dog was lost.,The dog which was lost has been found.,Practise: This is the house which is for sale. 2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.,which / that 作主語. (不能省),（作主語）,whi

3、ch / that 作賓語 ： （可省略）,This is the card. Ive just received the card.,This is the card which / that Ive just received.,Practise: This is the mistake which /that I always make. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. I lost the pen which my father bought me.,( ),（作賓語）,關(guān)系代詞who, that, whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句

4、: 如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作主語或賓語) whom (作賓語),who / that 作主語. (不能省),This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主語),The boy who broke the window is called Roy. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? The

5、 girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.,/ that,who / whom / that 作賓語：( 可省略),The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.,The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作賓語）,The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. T

6、he police caught the thief last night.,The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.,小結(jié)： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。 which指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略.,who 指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:當關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,定語從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定。,有時只能用 that , 不用 which, 常見的情況有六種：,當先行詞是 all, any, few, lit

7、tle, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked. 2. 當先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,The first thing tha

8、t I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 當先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修飾時。 Thats the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4. 當主句以 who 或 which開頭時，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?,5. 先行詞同

9、時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.,whose 作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.,The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.,A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒). A. who B. whose C. whos D. which,Exe

10、rcise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,5. The man _ hair is white is his gr

11、andfather. 6. Is there a student _ father is a business man? 7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,當先行詞同時指人和物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,Exercise 2.,My father and his teacher talked a lot about the pers

12、ons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?,that,that,that,當先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all 等詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,that,當先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞

13、只能用that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree? 7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,當主句是who或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，而中心詞指人或物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.,that,that,關(guān)系副詞： when/ where/why,when 作時間狀語: She will never forget the day. She was married on that day.,She will never forget the day when (=on which)

14、she was married.,It was the year. The World War I broke out in the year.,It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.,When = 介詞 + which,where 作地點狀語,I want to know the place. I was born there.,I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.,The table where (= at which ) she is

15、 sitting is a new one.,where = 介詞 + which,why 作原因狀語, 其先行詞常常是the reason.,That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.,I know the reason why he said it.,why = for which,Exercise,1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. which B. when C. that D. on that 2.Is that the reason _ you are for the p

16、lan. which B. what C. why D. for that,3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that,1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why,3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D