現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時.ppt

1、時態(tài) （tense）,present perfect,現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),Lead-in,When did you start your English learning?,I. Formation（構(gòu)成） I have studied English since 2008. 主語 + have /has +動詞過去分詞（VPP）,否定,主+havent / hasnt+ VPP,疑問,Have/ Has +主+ VPP ?,肯定: Yes, 主語 + have/has. 否定：No, 主語 + havent/hasnt.,Translation.,我已完成了家庭作業(yè)。 I have finishe

2、d my homework.,他已完成了家庭作業(yè)。 He has finished his homework.,havent,Has he,Yes,he has.,No ,he hasnt.,？,I. Formation（構(gòu)成） 主語 + have /has +動詞過去分詞（VPP）,否定,主+havent / hasnt+ VPP,疑問,Have/ Has +主+ VPP ?,肯定: Yes, 主語 + have/has. 否定：No, 主語 + havent/hasnt.,II：Usage（用法）,1.繼續(xù)表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài) 常與thesedays,recently, lat

3、ely, in the past years,等連用； since + 過去的時間點，for + 一段時間。 自從2008年以來我就在學(xué)習(xí)英語。 I have studied English since 2008. 我在玉潭當(dāng)了兩年的老師。 I have been a teacher in Yu Tan for 2 years.,for+時間段 VS since+時間點,for+時段 since+時間點（自從以來） since+時段+ago since+從句(從句中用一般過去時),He has lived in Beijing 2008. He has lived in Beijing 3 y

4、ears. He has lived in Beijing 3 years ago. He has lived in Beijing he was born.,since,for,since,since,2.結(jié)果 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果. “做了” I have just washed my hands. （對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“手干凈了”） She has just had her breakfast. (對現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓) 他丟了他的英語書。 He has lost his English book. (結(jié)果：沒有英語書了),3.經(jīng)驗 表示過去某時到現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)驗、

5、經(jīng)歷常 和never，ever，twice，before等連用。 IhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice. 我曾經(jīng)去過長城兩次。 這支筆我只用過三次。 I have used this pen only three times.,Someone (break) the window. I (read) this book three times. I (not see) him since last Friday night.,結(jié)果,經(jīng)驗,繼續(xù),has broken,have read,have not seen,Exercise:,用于現(xiàn)在完成時中的時間狀語 1.表示包括現(xiàn)

6、在在內(nèi)的一段時間的時間狀語 until now, up to now, so far, recently, lately, in the past years 2. 表示頻率的時間狀語 never, ever, five times 3.表示不確定的過去時間狀語 before，already, yet .,already VS yet,already 用于肯定句中,置于句中。 yet 用于疑問句和否定句,置于句末 。 John has already finished that report. 約翰已經(jīng)把報告寫出來了。 John, have you finished that report y

7、et? 約翰，你已經(jīng)把報告寫出來了嗎？ John hasnt finished that report yet. 約翰還沒有寫完報告。,have been toVShave gone to,上一頁,下一頁,主菜單,她去過永興兩次。 她去了永興。 她在永興兩個月了。,She Yongxing twice.,She Yongxing.,She Yongxing for 2 months.,has been to,has gone to,has been in,短暫性(瞬間性) 動詞不能和for, since短語或 How long等連用。 但其否定形式可以。,I have received his

8、 letter for a month.,I havent received his letter for a month.,The teacher has left for half an hour.,The teacher has been away for half an hour .,(be away),常見短暫性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)變,arrive/come/go to die become a borrow leave/ move buy open join start/begin finish/ end get out close,be in,be dead,have,keep,

9、be away / be out,be a,be in/a member of,be open,be on,be over,be out,be closed,1.自從2001年以來, 中國人的飲食已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的變化.,Great changes _ in Chinese diet since 2001,have taken place,2.湯姆已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年了. Tom _for ten years,has been married,Translation:,你累嗎？你已跳了三個小時啦！,Are you tired？ You have been jumping for three hours

10、.,她肯定累了，因為她一天一直在跳舞,She must be tired, as she has been dancing all day.,The Present Perfect Continuous Tense (現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時),Form:,have/has + been + doing,Definition: 常與all the time, all night, all the morning, recently, since, for等連用。,動作從過去開始一直延續(xù) 到現(xiàn)在,還有可能繼續(xù)下去。,1.I have been waiting for an hour but he stil

11、l hasnt shown up. 我已經(jīng)等了一個小時，但他還沒有出現(xiàn)。 2. I am tired. I have been working all the morning. 我很累。 我干了一上午的活了。,3. I have been living here since 2000. 自2000年以來我一直住在這。 4. How long have you been working in this company? 你在這家公司上班多長時間了？,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時可帶有感情色彩。 We have been looking forward to our summer vacation. 我們一直盼

12、望著暑假。,2. Too many good things have been happening today. 今天已經(jīng)發(fā)生了太多的好事情。,1. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider,practice,2. Where have you been? We _ for you everywhere . A

13、. look B. were looking C. have been looking D. had been looked 3. I wonder why Jenny _ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. A. hasnt written B. doesnt write C. wont write D. hadnt written,Comparison,have done,have been doing,動作已完成,動作從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,強調(diào)動作的 結(jié)果或影響,強調(diào)動作可能繼續(xù),1.The telephone _ (ring) for quite a while. Why_anyone_(answer) it? 2.They _ (read) the articl