高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力B級(jí)講解PPT精選文檔

1、1,Practical English Test for Colleges (PRETCO)高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試,2,高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力B級(jí)考試大綱,考試對(duì)象 本大綱適用于修完基本要求B級(jí)所規(guī)定的全部?jī)?nèi)容的高等職業(yè)教育、普通高等?？平逃?、成人高等教育和本科辦二級(jí)技術(shù)學(xué)院各非英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生。,3,考試性質(zhì),本考試的目的是考核考生的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、語(yǔ)言技能和使用英語(yǔ)處理有關(guān)一般業(yè)務(wù)和涉外交際的基本能力，其性質(zhì)是教學(xué)水平考試。,4,考試方式與內(nèi)容,考試方式為筆試，包括五個(gè)部分：聽(tīng)力理解、語(yǔ)匯用法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、閱讀理解、翻譯（英譯漢）和寫(xiě)作（或漢譯英）?？荚嚪秶抻诨疽驜級(jí)所規(guī)定的全部?jī)?nèi)容。,5,題

2、型結(jié)構(gòu),第一部分：聽(tīng)力理解（Listening Comprehensive） 第二部分：詞匯用法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu) （Vocabulary and Structure） 第三部分：閱讀理解（Reading Comprehension） 第四部分：翻譯-英譯漢 （Translation-English to Chinese） 第五部分：寫(xiě)作/漢譯英 （Writing/Translation-Chinese to English）,6,測(cè)試項(xiàng)目、內(nèi)容、題型及時(shí)間分配表：,7,試卷分析各部分詳析,一、聽(tīng)力理解(每題1分，共24分) 第一小節(jié): （題型單項(xiàng)選擇） 快速反應(yīng) 第二、三小節(jié)：(題型單項(xiàng)選擇） 理解

3、簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)話 第四小節(jié) （題型填空） 短文理解,8,試卷分析各部分詳析,二. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu) 第一小節(jié): （題型單項(xiàng)選擇） (每題1分，共10分) 語(yǔ)法規(guī)則與詞匯應(yīng)用 語(yǔ)法、同反義詞、固定詞組 第二小節(jié)：（題型填空） (每題1分, 共5分) 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用,9,試卷分析各部分詳析,三. 閱讀理解 Task 1 (題型4項(xiàng)選1) 每題2分，共10分 理解應(yīng)用文或一般性短文 Task 2(題型4項(xiàng)選1) 每題2分，共6分 快速閱讀 Task 3(題型大綱填空) 每題1分，共5分 填寫(xiě)應(yīng)用文關(guān)鍵信息 Task 4(題型匹配) 每題1分，共5分 英漢術(shù)語(yǔ)配對(duì) Task 5(題型簡(jiǎn)短答問(wèn))每題1分，共5分 理

4、解應(yīng)用文后寫(xiě)出問(wèn)題答案,10,試卷分析各部分詳析,四. 翻譯 第一部分 (63-66題) (單項(xiàng)選擇) 按三等評(píng)分：2分、1分、0分 實(shí)用語(yǔ)句英譯漢 第二部分（67題）（翻譯） 句子翻譯: 段落翻譯: 7分 應(yīng)用文段落英譯漢,11,試卷分析各部分詳析,五. 寫(xiě)作 寫(xiě)應(yīng)用文 共15分 (按總體印象給分) 分5級(jí)參照分: 14分, 11分, 8分, 5分, 2分 填寫(xiě)表格、便條、通知、簡(jiǎn)歷、簡(jiǎn)單信 函等,12,第一篇 聽(tīng)力Listening comprehension,題型概述 高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試（B級(jí)）第一部分為聽(tīng)力理解題。共有24題，占總分的24%，考試時(shí)間25分鐘，聽(tīng)力材料的語(yǔ)速約為每

5、分鐘100詞。聽(tīng)力理解包括Section A, Section B，Section C和Section D四節(jié)。 Section A是問(wèn)題（Question），Section B、C是會(huì)話（Dialogue），Section D是聽(tīng)寫(xiě)（Spot Dictation）。,13,測(cè)試重點(diǎn),能聽(tīng)懂涉及日常交際的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、發(fā)音清楚、語(yǔ)速較慢（每分鐘110詞左右）的英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話和陳述，理解基本正確。 聽(tīng)力材料以日常交際和簡(jiǎn)單的業(yè)務(wù)交際內(nèi)容為主，即下列的交際范圍表： 日常交際：1.課堂交流 2.日常交際：介紹、問(wèn)候、感謝、致歉、道別、指路；天氣、學(xué)習(xí)、愛(ài)好、飲食、健康等。 業(yè)務(wù)交際：1.一般涉外活動(dòng)：1）

6、迎送 2）安排日程與活動(dòng) 3）安排宿舍 4）宴請(qǐng) 5）陪同購(gòu)物、游覽、就診等 2.一般涉外業(yè)務(wù)：1）面試 2）介紹公司/工廠：歷史、現(xiàn)狀,14,聽(tīng)力理解部分要求掌握的技能為： 1.理解所聽(tīng)材料的主旨和要點(diǎn) 2.理解具體信息 3.理解所聽(tīng)材料的背景、說(shuō)話人之間的關(guān)系等 4.推斷所聽(tīng)材料的含義,15,題型分類：,Section A 問(wèn)題回答 Section B 短對(duì)話 Section C 長(zhǎng)對(duì)話 Section D 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)填空,16,Section A (問(wèn)題回答),這一部分共有7個(gè)問(wèn)題，每一問(wèn)題讀兩遍，要求考生在4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確的答案。問(wèn)題所涉及的內(nèi)容通常是日常生活中的話題，即衣、食、住、行、工

7、作、學(xué)習(xí)等，可分為校園、公共場(chǎng)所、家庭、時(shí)間、關(guān)系等方式。,17,?？嫉脑掝},1. 邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答Invitations and responses 2. 祝賀和應(yīng)答Good wishes, congratulations and responses 3. 表示同意和不同意Expressing agreement and disagreement 4. 道歉和應(yīng)答Apologies and responses 5. 勸告和建議Advices and Suggestions 6. 打電話Making telephone calls 7. 求允和應(yīng)答Asking for permission and

8、responses,18,8. 提供和應(yīng)答Offers and responses 9. 問(wèn)路和應(yīng)答Asking the way and responses 10. 購(gòu)物Shopping 11. 談?wù)撎鞖釺alking about the weather 12. 詢問(wèn)時(shí)間和日期和應(yīng)答Asking the time or date and responses 13. 約會(huì)Making appointments 14. 禁止和警告Prohibition and Warning 15. 看病Seeing the doctor,19,問(wèn)題回答,例1：Could you please send this

9、 letter for me?(2005年12月真題) A) With pleasure. B) Thats great. C) What a pity D) Please dont.,20,Section B(短對(duì)話),本部分共有7組對(duì)話，通常是一男一女各說(shuō)一句，然后就對(duì)話內(nèi)容提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題，每個(gè)對(duì)話和問(wèn)題各讀兩遍，對(duì)話的內(nèi)容一般以日常交際為主，句子結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容都不太復(fù)雜。話題為日常交際，即介紹、介紹、感謝、致謝、問(wèn)路、天氣、學(xué)習(xí)、愛(ài)好、伙食、健康等?？忌筛鶕?jù)所獲取的相關(guān)信息，對(duì)對(duì)話中的某些細(xì)節(jié)做出判斷、選擇。 問(wèn)題涉及的類型不多，主要包含以下幾個(gè)方面：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題、判斷推理題、時(shí)間數(shù)字題、地點(diǎn)

10、場(chǎng)景題、身份關(guān)系題。,21,下面是對(duì)不同場(chǎng)景經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)的總結(jié)：,1. 辦公室用詞 type a letter打印信件 interview面試 promotion晉升、升職 resignation辭呈 2. 銀行用詞 open an account開(kāi)賬戶 cash a check兌換支票 withdraw money from取款 interest利息 balance余額 teller出納,22,3. 學(xué)校用詞 exam考試 library圖書(shū)館 dormitory宿舍 laboratory實(shí)驗(yàn)室 lecture講座 required course必修課 optional course選修課

11、term paper學(xué)期論文 scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 diploma學(xué)位證書(shū) 4. 郵局用詞 stamp郵票 parcel包裹 postage郵資 envelop信封 telegram電報(bào) postcard明信片 airmail航空郵件；航空郵政 surface mail平信 registered mail掛號(hào)信 printed matter印刷品,23,5. 飯店用詞 order點(diǎn)菜 menu菜單 bill賬單 a table for two兩人桌 main course主菜 bar酒吧 snack小吃 tip小費(fèi) 6. 理發(fā)店用詞 barber男士理發(fā)師 hairdresser女士理

12、發(fā)師 beard, mustache胡子shampoo香波 hair spray發(fā)膠 7. 醫(yī)院、診所用詞 doctor醫(yī)生 ward病房 emergency room急救室 operation手術(shù) diagnose診斷 injection注射 prescribe開(kāi)處方 pill藥丸 dentist牙醫(yī) tablet 藥片 take the temperature量體溫,24,8. 機(jī)場(chǎng)用詞 boarding card登機(jī)牌 flight航班 seat belt安全帶 economic class經(jīng)濟(jì)艙 first-class cabin頭等艙 take off飛機(jī)起飛 9. 電話用詞 dia

13、l撥號(hào) line is busy電話占線 make a local call打市話 operator接線員 hold the line別掛電話 speaking please請(qǐng)講話 hold on別掛電話 make a long-distance call打長(zhǎng)途電話,25,短對(duì)話,例2：M：Hi, Alice, how is everything with you? (2005年12月真題) W: As busy as usual. Q: What can we learn from the dialogue? A) The man will do everything. B) The man

14、 needs a rest. C) Alice offers to help. D) Alice is quite busy.,26,Section D(聽(tīng)寫(xiě)填空),本部分是一篇短文，共讀三遍，有五個(gè)空格，需要考生根據(jù)所聽(tīng)的內(nèi)容補(bǔ)充完整。錄音播放三遍。注意題目要求不能填超過(guò)3個(gè)詞。這部分除了考查考生聽(tīng)力能力外還測(cè)試考生多方面的語(yǔ)言技能，如單詞拼寫(xiě)能力、語(yǔ)法的掌握情況等。聽(tīng)寫(xiě)部分沒(méi)有提供任何選項(xiàng)，這給考生答題增加一定的難度。所填詞或詞組都在考試大綱詞匯表中，大多以實(shí)詞為主，即主要是動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞等的填寫(xiě)。,27,聽(tīng)寫(xiě)填空,例3. Good evening, ladies and gentle

15、man! First of all, let me thank you for inviting us to such a great Christmas party. We really enjoyed the delicious food and excellent wine. Also, the music was perfect, so if I were a better dancer, I would have enjoyed the twice as much. I enjoyed meeting and talking to you, and sharing the time

16、together. I hope well be able to keep this good relationship and make next year another great one together. Thank you again for the wonderful party. We have a great time.,28,應(yīng)試策略,1. 聽(tīng)前穩(wěn)定情緒，提前預(yù)測(cè) 2. 聽(tīng)中速記要點(diǎn)，抓住關(guān)鍵 3. 聽(tīng)后連貫記憶，前后聯(lián)系,29,第二篇 詞匯與語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu) Vocabulary 制作公務(wù)名片時(shí),則任職單位、姓名、頭銜在上,字體較大.通信地址和電話號(hào)碼位于名片下方,通常情況下前者

17、放在左下角,后者放在右下角上.,52,一般的名片格式如下:,53,Expressions,1)學(xué)校人員職務(wù)職稱 School master; principal; president; chancellor; rector; dean; director; professor; associate professor; tutor; advisor; supervisor; lecturer; instructor; senior lecturer; assistant teacher; special-grade teacher 2)商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)職務(wù)職稱 Chairman of the boar

18、d; chief executive officer (CEO); general manager; manager; director; section chief,54,3)科研機(jī)構(gòu)人員職務(wù)職稱 Academician; director of the institute; research fellow; associate research fellow; assistant research fellow; practice research fellow; senior engineer; chief engineer; engineer; assistant engineer;

19、technician; senior agronomist; senior economist; senior accountant; technologist; designer; architect,55,56,3) 便條(Notes) 便條是簡(jiǎn)短的書(shū)面留言,使用范圍較廣,多用于親朋好友及熟悉的同志之間.常見(jiàn)的有留言條和請(qǐng)假條. A. 留言條(Message Left) 留言條的特點(diǎn)在于內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)短,書(shū)寫(xiě)格式以及用詞乃至稱呼、語(yǔ)氣上較正規(guī)信函來(lái)說(shuō)要簡(jiǎn)單、隨便得多.另外,省略現(xiàn)象也較為常見(jiàn).一般來(lái)說(shuō),不必寫(xiě)年月.可直接用星期幾、上午或下午、月日或點(diǎn)鐘代之.如用于十分熟悉的人,僅稱呼其名或姓,署上

20、自己的名或姓即可.署名可寫(xiě)在右下角,日期和時(shí)間可寫(xiě)在右上角或右下角(署名下面).,57,B. 請(qǐng)假條(Request for Leave) 2008.6,寫(xiě)請(qǐng)假條,關(guān)鍵是要寫(xiě)清請(qǐng)假的原因和起止時(shí)間,語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)明扼要,與請(qǐng)假無(wú)關(guān)的事不用寫(xiě).如有證明請(qǐng)假原因的證據(jù),如醫(yī)生證明、電報(bào)等最好隨條附上.寫(xiě)請(qǐng)假條時(shí),開(kāi)頭寫(xiě)上稱呼,即向誰(shuí)請(qǐng)假,抬頭一般可用Dear Mr. , Dear Miss或用某人的頭銜加上姓氏開(kāi)頭,日期寫(xiě)在右上角.最后寫(xiě)上落款,即請(qǐng)假人,署名寫(xiě)在右下角,署名前加上your student, truly yours, or yours sincerely等.如有附條,可在左下角用Encl:

21、引出,寫(xiě)明隨條附上的是什么證明.,58,To: Mr. Johnson From: Liubin Date: June 19th,2008 Subject: Leave of Absence Im having a bad cough these days, so I am going to see the doctor. Now I am asking for a sick leave on Friday since the most work of this week has been finished. After visiting the doctor I will call you.

22、 Im sorry for the inconvenience Ive brought to the company, I hope you can give your approval to my leave.,59,Expressions,1. Just a line to tell you that 2. I came to see you, but you are out. 3. Called round to see if you could come out tonight, but no one was in. 4. This is to say good-bye to you.

23、 5. Im very sorry to tell you that Im unable tobecause of 6. doctors certificate 7. I would like to know if I could ask for sick leave/ business leave. 8. I would be much obliged if you would agree to my request. 9. I should like to apply for two weeks leave of absence. 10. Im very sorry and hope my

24、 request will be given consideration.,60,4)海報(bào)(Posters),海報(bào)是一種帶有宣傳廣告性質(zhì)的報(bào)貼,有時(shí)還配以繪畫(huà),可以是手寫(xiě)的,也可以是印刷的.內(nèi)容多是有關(guān)體育比賽、電影、講座等的消息,經(jīng)常張貼在人群聚集的地方.海報(bào)的格式為:內(nèi)容作為標(biāo)題寫(xiě)在正中,把出海報(bào)的單位名稱寫(xiě)在右下角;海報(bào)要突出有關(guān)的具體內(nèi)容、地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間.,61,Expressions,1. Admission is by ticket. 2. All students and staff members are cordially welcome. 3. Dont let slip su

25、ch a golden opportunity. 4. Come and cheer for both teams. 5. There will be a marvelous performance. Its the chance of a lifetime. You shouldnt miss it. 6. Admission by ticket, 5 yuan each, obtainable at the booking-office of the Auditorium.,62,7. An English Evening is to be held in the Auditorium o

26、n Friday, September 21, 2007 at 6:00 pm. 8. A Christmas party is to be held at 7:00 pm on December 24 in the university auditorium. Brilliant performances will be given at the party. 9. A university-wide English-speaking Contest will be held on Tuesday next week under the auspices of the Student Uni

27、on. 10. Your presence is cordially requested.,63,5)通知(Notices) 2007.12,通知是上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、組織對(duì)成員部署工作、傳達(dá)事情或召開(kāi)會(huì)議時(shí)所使用的一種文體.一般用于告知開(kāi)會(huì)、講座、演出等的舉行及延期等,要把內(nèi)容、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和參加的對(duì)象交代清楚.通知的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式有兩種:一種是書(shū)信式,適宜于通知小范圍內(nèi)的少數(shù)人;另一種是布告形式,適宜通知較大范圍內(nèi)的人.格式為標(biāo)題上方居中,意在說(shuō)明本通知的主旨,正文的右下角寫(xiě)明出通知的單位名稱或人名,通知的日期寫(xiě)在正文的左下角.,64,Expressions,1. All Monitors are req

28、uired to meet in the meeting room of the Student Union on Friday, (June 16) at 3:30. 2. Passengers are requested to note that the new timetable comes into effect from June1, 2007. 3. May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 4. All teachers are expected to be present at the

29、meeting. 5. Under the auspices of the Student Union a lecture will be given onby,65,6. A report will be given on contemporary American literature by Professor Milford from America in the conference room of the Library on Thursday, May 24, 2007. 7. It has been decided that a meeting will be calledto

30、discuss problems concerning 8. We are pleased to inform you that our Sales Division will move to 9. We shall be in operation from July 1, 2007. 10. This is notification of termination of your contact with the company, effective September 1st.,66,6)感謝信(Thank-you Letters) 2008.12,感謝信是用來(lái)對(duì)饋贈(zèng)禮物或曾經(jīng)得到某人的關(guān)懷

31、、照顧表示感謝的信函,在西方國(guó)家用得比較普遍.感謝信在格式上沒(méi)有很嚴(yán)格的要求,主要是要寫(xiě)得真摯,表達(dá)誠(chéng)摯的感激之情,不能給人一種草率的印象. 由于感謝的對(duì)象、原因和內(nèi)容不同,感謝信的內(nèi)容也會(huì)有所區(qū)別.例如,對(duì)朋友贈(zèng)送禮物表示感謝的信,一定要提到所贈(zèng)的禮物以及自己對(duì)禮物的喜愛(ài)之情;又如因?yàn)樵趯?duì)方家里小住而寫(xiě)的感謝信,一定要提到在對(duì)方家里居住時(shí)候的感受.但是,無(wú)論如何,一封感謝信通常都包括感謝的原因、內(nèi)容以及誠(chéng)摯的感激之情. 感謝信的寫(xiě)作格式與普通信件的格式相同.如果是商務(wù)公函,則需信內(nèi)地址和時(shí)間;如果是親朋好友之間的信件,時(shí)間及信內(nèi)地址皆可省略.,67,Expressions,1. Thank

32、 you very much for 2. Many thanks for your 3. Please accept my sincere appreciation for 4. Im truly grateful to you for 5. It was good (kind/thoughtful) of you 6. Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 7. I sincerely appreciate 8. Many thanks for

33、your generous cooperation. 9. Many thanks again for your warm hospitality. 10. Please accept my sincere thanks and best wishes.,68,7)祝賀信(Letters of Congratulation),祝賀信是向收件人表示祝賀的信函,常用于當(dāng)朋友、同事或商務(wù)伙伴遇有生日婚慶、職務(wù)晉升、工作調(diào)動(dòng)、產(chǎn)品上市、分店開(kāi)張、喬遷新址等時(shí),一般都要寫(xiě)信祝賀.祝賀信如同一般的簡(jiǎn)短書(shū)信,可長(zhǎng)可短,格式上無(wú)特別的要求,但書(shū)寫(xiě)時(shí)應(yīng)做到真誠(chéng)、自然和親切動(dòng)人.內(nèi)容上可根據(jù)具體情況發(fā)揮.,69,

34、Expressions,1. Congratulations on your birthday. 2. Congratulations on your wedding anniversary. 3. Congratulations and best wishes. 4. Congratulations on your sons graduation from university. 5. Please accept my heartiest congratulations. 6. Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion t

35、o Minister of Trade.,70,7. Please allow me to express my honest congratulations on your moving to a new house. 8. Many congratulations on the opening of 9. Heartiest congratulations on your marriage to 10. Allow me to convey my congratulations on the cooperation with,71,8)邀請(qǐng)信(Invitation Letters) 200

36、3.6,在社交活動(dòng)中總免不了要寫(xiě)邀請(qǐng)信.邀請(qǐng)信分為兩種:一種是正式的,即請(qǐng)?zhí)?一種是非正式的,即普通的邀請(qǐng)信. 正式的請(qǐng)?zhí)?如宴會(huì)請(qǐng)?zhí)?一般是印刷好的,只需填寫(xiě)被邀請(qǐng)人的姓名.請(qǐng)?zhí)獙?xiě)得正規(guī)、莊重.邀請(qǐng)者與被邀請(qǐng)者均用第三人稱,注明內(nèi)容、地點(diǎn)及確切時(shí)間.邀請(qǐng)者如有配偶,需將夫婦姓名都寫(xiě)上,對(duì)被邀請(qǐng)者也是如此.如對(duì)被邀請(qǐng)者在服裝上有所要求,需在請(qǐng)?zhí)挠蚁路阶⒚?如:Dress: Formal(要求穿禮服).如要求被邀請(qǐng)者答復(fù)是否接受邀請(qǐng),則需在請(qǐng)?zhí)笙路阶⒚鱎.S.V.P.或RSVP(法語(yǔ),請(qǐng)答復(fù)),72,隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活中的禮儀趨于簡(jiǎn)單化,一般的邀請(qǐng)信用得越來(lái)越多.其格式與普通書(shū)信相同,措辭要

37、注意語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn),誠(chéng)懇有禮,使被邀請(qǐng)者看后有親切感. 收到邀請(qǐng)信后,不管接受與否,按習(xí)慣都應(yīng)及時(shí)答復(fù).回復(fù)也分為正式的和普通的兩種.正式的格式如同正式的請(qǐng)?zhí)?普通的可用便條形式.表示接受的答復(fù),要向邀請(qǐng)者致謝,并表示被邀請(qǐng)的喜悅和榮幸感;如果謝絕邀請(qǐng),則需簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明原因,并表示歉意.,73,Dec25th,2003 Dear Jane, I would like to invite you to Beijing for this summer vocation. I”ll show you around the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace, the Summer

38、Palace and other places. Im looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. Please tell me if you come. Yours ever, Jane,74,Expressions,1. I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6:00 pm. 2. I am pleased to invite you to participate into be held fromtoi

39、n 3. I would be greatly honored if you could 4. It is my pleasure/ a great honor for me to invite you to 5. We would be greatly honored if you could come,75,6. I am writing to invite you to 7. I am particularly anxious to have you join us. 8. We sincerely hope that you will be able to accept our invitation. 9. We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you. 10. We are looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you.,76,9)投訴信(Letter of Complaint),投訴信一般是針對(duì)質(zhì)量低劣的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù),寫(xiě)投訴信的目的是為了讓對(duì)方同情你的遭遇或者碰到的問(wèn)題,繼而給出你所期望的解決方法.因此,寫(xiě)這類信件最