5種簡單句及句子種類.ppt

1、一 Five Types of Simple Sentences 簡單句的五種類型,十大詞類(Parts of Speech) 英語中的詞可以根據(jù)詞義，句法作用和形式特征分為十大詞類：名詞、代詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、冠詞、連詞、數(shù)詞、感嘆詞。,需要弄清楚的幾個概念： 1、及物動詞(vt.)：后面帶有賓語，意思才能完整。 eg. They want some books. He is reading a book. 2、不及物動詞(vi.)：本身意義完整，不需跟賓語。 eg. Birds fly. He works in the factory. 3、系動詞：系動詞本身雖有一定的詞義，但不

2、完整，不 能單獨作謂語，必須和作表語的詞語(如形容詞,名詞 等)連用,構(gòu)成謂語。如：be (是), look(看起來像), become (成為,變得)等。 eg. They are teachers. He became very interested in science.,句子成分(Elements of the Sentence) 組成句子的各個部分叫句子成分，主要有：主語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補語、插入語、同位語等，其中主語和謂語是句子的主要成分。,Five Types of Simple Sentences 簡單句的五種句型,Five Types of Simple Se

3、ntences:,1. 主語 + 不及物動詞,2. 主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語,3. 主語 + 系動詞 + 表語,4. 主語 + 動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語,5. 主語 + 動詞 + 賓語 + 賓補,Subject + Intransitive Verb,Subject + Transitive Verb + Object,Subject + Link Verb + Predictive,Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object,Subject + Verb + Object + Complement,劃分句子成分:,My sis

4、ter is a nurse. They are drinking. They are drinking tea. The old man walks in the park. She passed him the salt. We keep the table clean.,_ S,_ V,_ P,_ S,_ V,_ S,_ V,_ O,_ S,_ V,_ S,_ V,_ IO,_ DO,_ S,_ V,_ O,_ C,7. They work hard. 8. The flower is dead. 9. Plants need water. 10. He gives me some se

5、eds. 11. We should keep the plants in the shade. 12. Many animals live in trees.,_ S,_ V,_ S,_ V,_ P,_ S,_ V,_ O,_ S,_ V,_ IO,_ DO,_ S,_ V,_ O,_ C,_ S,_ V,They work hard. The flower is dead. Plants need water. He gives me some seeds. We should keep the plants in the shade. Many animals live in trees

6、.,S + V,S + V + P,S + V + O,S + V + IO + DO,S + V + O+ C,S + V,把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來，則成為一個并列句。,二 并列句(compound sentence):,I turned on the TV. I watched it. I turned on the TV and watched it. I bought my sister a present. She didnt like it. I bought my sister a present,but she didnt like it.,并列句,并列句,常用并列

7、連詞coordinating conjunctions,平行并列連詞: 轉(zhuǎn)折并列連詞： 因果并列連詞: 選擇并列連詞:,and,bothand, not only but also, neithernor,but, while, yet,for, so,or, eitheror,請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed.,He was tired, so he went to bed.,He made a promise.He didnt keep it.,He made a promise,but He didnt keep

8、 it.,Mary is opening the door. John is greeting her guests.,Mary is opening the door,and John is greeting her guests.,復(fù)合句:主句+從句 主句是一個完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以獨立存在。 從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在.,三 復(fù)合句,By the time he arrived, 1 we had already left. 2,請指出該復(fù)合句的主句和從句部分。,從句,主句,在復(fù)合句中，主要包含以下類型從句：,指出下

9、列各從句的類型：,She was reading the newspaper when I came in. I hope that everything is all right. She is the girl who sings best of all.,狀語從句,賓語從句,定語從句,Ill give the letter to him when I see him. He didnt come yesterday because he was ill. It is such a big box that nobody can move it. Well go to the great