中醫(yī)名詞術(shù)語標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參考

1、.中醫(yī)名詞術(shù)語標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參考舌診舌診： tongue diagnosis望舌： inspection of tongue舌象： tongue manifestation舌尖： tip of the tongue舌邊： margins of the tongue舌中；舌心： center of the tongue舌根；舌本： root of the tongue舌體；舌質(zhì)： tongue body舌色： tongue color榮枯老嫩： luxuriant/ flourishing, withered, tough and tender淡白舌： whitish tongue淡紅舌： reddish

2、 tongue紅舌： red tongue青舌： blue tongue紫舌： purple tongue青紫色： bluish purple tongue絳舌： crimson tongue胖大舌： enlarged tongue腫脹舌： wollen tongue瘦薄舌： thin tongue點(diǎn)刺舌： spotted tongue芒刺舌： prickly tongue齒痕舌： teeth-marked tongue裂紋舌： fissured tongue光剝舌： peeled tongue鏡面舌： mirror tongue地圖舌： geographical tongue舌衄： spon

3、taneous bleeding of the tongue強(qiáng)硬舌： stiff tongue萎軟舌： limp wilting tongue顫動(dòng)舌： trembling tongue歪斜舌： deviated tongue短縮舌： contracted tongue吐弄舌： protruded agitated tongue舌卷： curled tongue苔色： coating color苔質(zhì)： texture of coating白苔： white coating白砂苔： white sandy coating黃苔： yellow coating.黑苔： black coating灰苔：

4、 gray coating綠苔： green coating薄苔： thin coating厚苔： thick coating潤苔： moist coating燥苔： dry coating燥裂苔： dry and cracked coating滑苔： slippery coating膩苔： greasy （世中聯(lián)） /slimy coating腐苔： curdy coating染苔： stained coating脈診浮脈類（輕取即得）?。ㄅe之有余，按之不足）floating pulse;superficial pulse洪（脈體闊大，充實(shí)有力，來盛去衰）surging pulse ； fu

5、ll and over-flowing pulse濡（浮細(xì)無力而軟）soggy pulse散（浮取散漫而無根，伴至數(shù)或脈力不勻）scattered pulse芤（浮大中空，如按蔥管）hollow pulse; empty pulse革（浮而搏指，中空邊堅(jiān)）tympanic pulse;drumskin pulse沉脈類（重按始得）沉（輕取不應(yīng)，重按始得）sunken pulse ； deep pulse伏（重按推至筋骨始得） hidden pulse弱（沉細(xì)無力而軟）weak pulse;feeble pulse ；牢（沉按實(shí)大弦長）firm pulse; hard遲脈類（一息不足四至）遲（一

6、息不足四至）slow pulse; tardy pulse緩（一息四至，脈來怠緩）moderate pulse; relaxed pulse澀（往來艱澀，遲滯不暢）unsmooth pulse； uneven pulse結(jié)（遲而時(shí)一至，止無定數(shù)）knotted pulse; bound pulse （ irregular intermittent pulse）數(shù)脈類（一息五至以上）數(shù)（一息五至以上，不足七至）rapid pulse ； quick pulse疾（脈來急疾，一息七八至）racing pulse;swift pulse促（數(shù)而時(shí)一止， 止無定數(shù)） irregular-rapid p

7、ulse;skipping pulse （ rapid irregular intermittentpulse ）動(dòng)（脈短如豆，滑數(shù)有力）stirredpulse虛類脈（應(yīng)指無力）虛（舉按無力，應(yīng)指松軟）weak pulse （ asthenia pulse ）細(xì)（脈細(xì)如線，應(yīng)指明顯）thin pulse ； thready pulse ；微（極細(xì)極軟，似有似無）faint pulse代（遲而中止，止有定數(shù)）regularly intermittent pulse短（首尾俱短，不及本部）short pulse實(shí)脈類（應(yīng)指有力）.實(shí)（舉按充實(shí)有力）excess pulse滑（往來流利，應(yīng)指圓滑）

8、slippery pulse弦（端直以長，如按琴弦）string-like pulse; wiry pulse; taut pulse緊（繃急彈指，狀如轉(zhuǎn)索）tight pulse ；tense pulse長（首尾端直，超過本位）long pulse大（脈體寬大，無洶涌之勢） large pulse真臟脈 true visceral pulse雀啄脈sparrow （ bird ） -pecking pulse釜沸脈seething cauldron pulse; bubble-rising pulse（世中聯(lián)）魚翔脈 fish-waving pulse; fish-swimming puls

9、e蝦游脈shrimp-darting pulse屋漏脈roof-leaking pulse解索脈rope-untwining pulse彈石脈stone-flicking pulse偃刀脈knife-upturned pulse轉(zhuǎn)豆脈bean-spinning pulse麻促脈confused skipping pulse離經(jīng)脈abnormally rapid or slow pulse治則治則： therapeutic principle/治本： treat the root治標(biāo)： treat the tip正治法： routine treatment寒者熱之： treat cold wit

10、h heat熱者寒之： treat heat with cold虛則補(bǔ)之： treat deficiency by tonification實(shí)則瀉之： treat excess by purgation反治法： paradoxical/contrary treatment寒因寒用： treat cold with cold熱因熱用： treat heat with heat痛因通用： treating the unstopped by unstopping(who); treating diarrhea with purgatives塞因塞用：treatingthestoppedbystopp

11、ing(who);treatingobstructivediseasesbytonification(漢英醫(yī)學(xué)大辭典)扶正祛邪： reinforce the healthy qi and eliminate the pathogenic factors攻補(bǔ)兼施： treat with both elimination and reinforcement誤治： erroneous treatment異病同治： treating different diseases with the same method同病異治： treating the same disease with different

12、 methods先急后緩 (急則治其標(biāo)， 緩則治其本 )：treating the acute before the chronic(who)；the acutecondition should be treated prior to the chronic condition先表后里： treating the exterior before the interior加減方： modified formula.合方： combined formula治法治法 method of treatment; therapeutic method八法： eight (therapeutic) meth

13、ods (diaphoresis, emesis, purgation, mediation, warming,clearing, tonification and resolution )汗法： promoting sweating; diaphoresis解表： release the exterior發(fā)汗解表： promoting sweating to release the exterior辛溫解表： release the exterior with pungent-warm(who)；relieving exterior syndrome withthe pungent and

14、worm herbs辛涼解表： release the exterior with pungent-cold(who)；relieving exterior syndrome withthe pungent and cold herbs解?。?release the flesh透表： outthrustthrough the exterior(who)； expelling pathogen through exterior透疹： outthrust rashes祛風(fēng)： dispel wind疏風(fēng)： disperse wind散寒： dissipate cold疏風(fēng)泄熱： disperse w

15、ind and discharge heat疏散風(fēng)熱： disperse wind-heat疏表潤燥： disperse from the exterior and moisten dryness扶正解表： reinforce the healthy qi and release the exterior宣肺 : diffuse the lung(who)； ventilatingthe lung( 世中聯(lián) ) 西化宣肺止咳平喘： diffuse the lung to suppress cough and to calm panting；ventilating the lungand rel

16、ieving cough and dyspnea宣肺化痰： diffuse the lung to resolve phlegm(who)； ventilating the lung and resolvingphlegm通（鼻）竅： relieve the throat利咽： soothe the throat瀉火： purge fire ； reduce fire瀉心（肺、肝） ： purge the heart (lung, liver)清肝瀉火： clearing the liver to reduce fire(漢英中醫(yī)藥學(xué)詞典)清法： clearing method清熱： clea

17、r heat清氣泄熱： clearing heat from qi aspect清氣涼營；氣營兩清：clear the qi aspect and cool the nutrient aspect清營涼血： clear the nutrient aspect and cool the blood aspect清營透疹： clear the nutrient aspect and promote eruption清熱涼血；涼血：clear heat to cool the blood透營轉(zhuǎn)氣；透熱轉(zhuǎn)氣：expel from the nutrient aspect through the qi a

18、spect清熱生津： clear heat and engender fluid清心（肝、胃、肺）火：clear heart (liver, stomach, lung) fire清熱利濕： clear heat and drain dampness.清暑熱： clear summerheat清暑益氣： clear summerheat and boost(replenish) qi解暑： release summerheat泄熱救津： discharge heat to preserve fluid輕清宣化： clear and disperse with lightness苦寒瀉火： di

19、scharge fire with bitter-cold苦寒清熱： clear heat with bitter-cold降火： reducing fire解毒： detoxify; removing toxin(世中聯(lián) )除疳熱： relieve (infantile) malnutrition fever; relieve fever in infantile malnutrition下法： purgation寒下： cold purgation瀉下泄熱 : discharging heat by purgation溫下： warm purgation峻下；急下： drastic pur

20、gation輕下；緩攻： mild purgation潤下： moistening purgation(世中聯(lián) )潤腸： moisten the intestine通便： relax the bowel; promoting defecation; easing defecation; easing bowel movement瀉下軟堅(jiān)： soften hardness with purgation瀉下攻積： remove accumulation with purgation釜底抽薪： take away firewood from under cauldron溫下寒積： remove co

21、ld accumulation with warm purgation瀉下逐水；攻逐水飲：expel retained fluid by purgation增液潤下；增液潤腸： increasing humor to relax bowels; increasing body fluid to lubricate bowels( induce bowel movement)和法： harmonize method調(diào)和氣血： harmonize qi and blood調(diào)和營衛(wèi)： harmonize the nutrient and defense理氣： regulate qi行氣： move/

22、 activate qi行氣止痛： activate qi to stop pain行氣消脹： activate qi to relieve flatulence理中： regulate the middle和胃： harmonize the stomach調(diào)和脾胃（肝胃、肝脾）： harmonize the spleen and stomach()和解表里： harmonize the exterior and interior和解少陽： harmonize the shao yang表里雙解： release both exterior and interior交通心腎： coordina

23、te the heart and kidney; harmonize the heart and kidney祛濕： dispel dampness清熱除濕： clear heat and eliminate dampness.清肝除濕： purge the liver and dispel dampness散寒祛濕： dissipate cold and dispel dampness化濕： resolve dampness清熱化濕： clear heat and resolve dampness祛暑化濕： dispel summerheat and resolve dampness醒脾化濕

24、： enliven/ invigorating the spleen and resolve dampness芳香化濕： resolve dampness with aroma芳香化濁： resolve turbidity with aroma芳香辟穢： dispel filth with aroma燥濕： dry dampness苦溫燥濕： dry dampness with bitter-warm清熱燥濕： clear heat and dry dampness燥濕健脾： dry dampness to fortify the spleen； drying dampness and inv

25、igoratespleen利濕： drain dampness利水滲濕： induce diuresis to drain dampness(who)； promotingurinationand drainingdampness( 世中聯(lián) )淡滲利濕： draining dampness and with bland利水消腫： induce diuresis to alleviate edema分消上下；分消走泄： separate elimination from upper and lower;respectively expelling化飲： resolve retained flui

26、d祛痰： dispel ;phlegm化痰： resolve phlegm燥濕化痰： dry dampness to resolve phlegm清化熱痰： clear and resolve heat-phlegm溫化寒痰： warm and resolve cold-phlegm溫肺化痰： warm the lung and resolve phlegm溫肺化飲： warm the lung and resolve fluid retention熄風(fēng)化痰： extinguish wind and resolve phlegm祛風(fēng)痰： dispel wind-phlegm潤燥化痰： mois

27、ten dryness to resolve phlegm降氣化痰；下氣消痰： direct qi downwardto resolvephlegm(who)； descending qiandresolving phlegm; lowering qi and eliminating phlegm(世中聯(lián) )降逆止咳平喘： descending counterflow of qi, relieving cough and dyspnea(stop cough andcalm dyspnea )納氣平喘： promote qi absorption to calm panting消痰軟堅(jiān)： el

28、iminate/dispersephlegm and soften hardness軟堅(jiān)化痰： soften hardness and resolve phlegm清燥潤肺： clear dryness to moisten the lung潤肺 止咳： moisten the lung tosuppress/stopcough斂肺止咳： constrain the lung to suppress cough瀉肺平喘：溫法： warming method溫補(bǔ)： warm tonification.溫里散寒；溫里祛寒：warm the interior to dissipate cold溫里：

29、 warm the interior溫脾 / 胃 / 肺： warm the spleen/ stomach/lung溫中： warm the middle溫中散寒；溫中祛寒：warm the middle and dissipate cold溫中和胃： warm the middle to harmonize the stomach溫中止嘔： warm the middle to check vomiting溫肺散寒： warm the lung and dissipate cold溫腎；溫腎陽：warm the lung溫陽： warm yang溫陽行水： warm yang to mov

30、e water暖宮： warm the uterus溫經(jīng)： warm the meridian溫經(jīng)止痛： warm the meridian to relieve pain溫經(jīng)散寒： warm the meridian to dissipate cold溫經(jīng)回陽；溫經(jīng)扶陽：warm the meridian to restore yang回陽救逆；回陽：restore yang to save from collapse溫經(jīng)行滯： warm the meridian to move stagnation溫經(jīng)養(yǎng)血： warm the meridian to nourish blood宣痹通陽：

31、diffuse impediment and free yang行氣寬中： move qi to soothe the middle行氣止痛： move qi to relieve pain行氣寬胸： move qi to soothe the chest理氣健脾： regulate qi and fortify the spleen疏肝 理氣： soothe the liver and regulate qi疏肝養(yǎng)血： soothe the liver and nourish blood疏肝瀉火： soothe the liver and purge fire疏肝健脾： soothe the

32、 liver and fortify spleen疏肝理脾： soothe the liver and regulate spleen疏肝和胃： soothe the liver and harmonize stomach疏風(fēng)： eliminate/ dispel/disperse wind降逆下氣；降氣；下氣：direct qi downward降氣止呃；降逆止呃：direct(who) / descend (世中聯(lián) )qi downward to relieve hiccup破氣： break qi涼血止血： cool the blood and stop bleeding涼血散瘀： co

33、ol the blood and dissipate stasis固沖止血： strengthen thoroughfare vessel to stop bleeding活血： activate blood活血止痛： activate blood to relieve pain活血化瘀： activate blood and resolve stasis活血行氣： activate blood and move qi活血調(diào)經(jīng)： activate blood to regulate menstruation調(diào)經(jīng)： regulate menstruation通經(jīng)： dredge( 世中聯(lián) )/u

34、nblock(who) the meridian.散瘀： dissipate (blood) stasis破血逐瘀 ;破瘀；逐瘀：breakblood and expel stasis舒筋活絡(luò)： relax sinewsand activate collaterals通絡(luò)： dredge the collaterals疏風(fēng)通絡(luò)： dispel wind to free the collateral vessels潛陽： subdue yang平肝潛陽： pacify the liver to subdue yang熄風(fēng)： extinguish wind熄風(fēng)止痙；熄風(fēng)解痙：extinguish

35、wind to arrest/stop (世中聯(lián) ) convulsions涼肝熄風(fēng)： cool the liver to/and extinguish wind滋陰熄風(fēng)： nourish yin to/and extinguish wind清熱熄風(fēng)： clear heat to/and extinguish wind鎮(zhèn)肝熄風(fēng)： calm the liver to/and extinguish wind補(bǔ)法： tonifying method補(bǔ)氣；益氣： tonify qi大補(bǔ)元?dú)猓?greatly tonify the original qi補(bǔ)氣壯陽： tonify qi and invig

36、orate yang補(bǔ)氣生血： tonify qi and produce blood補(bǔ)益氣血： tonify qi and replenish blood升提中氣；升舉中氣：upraise/elevate the middle qi升陽： upraise/elevate yang補(bǔ)陽： tonify yang壯陽： invigorate yang溫補(bǔ)命門： warm and tonify the life gate補(bǔ)益中氣： tonify and replenish the middle qi補(bǔ)血；養(yǎng)血： tonify blood補(bǔ)養(yǎng)心血： tonify and nourish heart

37、blood養(yǎng)心 ： tonify the heart; cultivate the mind補(bǔ)脾： tonify the spleen健脾： fortify (who)/invigorate (世中聯(lián) )/ strengthen the spleen健脾益氣： fortify the spleen and replenish qi健脾養(yǎng)血： fortify the spleen and nourish blood健脾扶陽： fortify the spleen and support yang健脾利濕： fortify the spleen and drain dampness健脾豁痰： fo

38、rtify the spleen to sweep phlegm健胃： invigoratethe stomach開胃： increase the appetite溫補(bǔ)脾胃： warm and tonify the spleen and stomach補(bǔ)火助陽；補(bǔ)腎火：tonify fire and assist yang柔肝；養(yǎng)肝： nourish/soothe the liver滋陰： enrich yin and tonify yang滋陰補(bǔ)陽： enrich yin and tonfy yang滋陰潛陽： enrich yin and subdue yang.滋陰抑陽： enrich yin and repress yang滋腎養(yǎng)肝： enrich the kidney and nourish the liver補(bǔ)心陰；養(yǎng)心陰：tonify the heart yin補(bǔ)肝陰；養(yǎng)肝陰：tonify the liver yin潤肺： moisten the lung生津： produce fluid養(yǎng)胃陰；補(bǔ)胃陰；養(yǎng)胃：nourish the stomach yin補(bǔ)腎益氣： tonify the kidney and replenish qi溫腎健脾：