初二上語法總結

1、1 、賓語從句： 如果一個句子作為動詞或介詞的賓語，稱為賓語從句。 （1） 如果一個特殊疑問句作某個動詞或介詞的賓語，一定要用其陳述的語序。如： they often ask him where he is from. 不能說成： they often ask him where is he from. （2） 某些特殊疑問句作賓語可以簡寫成“特殊疑問句 +to do” 的形式。例如： i am thinking about what to say 我正在考慮我該說點兒什么。 練習： 一， 選擇題； ( )1,thanks a lot for-me about it. a.to tell b.

2、tell c.telling d.told ( )2.best wishes-your birthday. a. for b.to c.on d.in ( )3.in england, people usually call james jim-. a.shortly b.for short c.easy d.easily ( )4. mother with her three children-going shopping. a.are b.is c.will d.were ( )5. march 8 th is-.a.the womens day b.the womans day c.wo

3、mens day d.women day 二， 改錯題： （ ） 1.every here like english very much. a b c d ( )2.mr wu is going to want me to give a talk. a b c d ( )3.in england, you never cant put their family name first. a b c d ( )4.i dont know why do people call me jim. a b c d ( )5.id like to buy something for mr wu in tea

4、chersday. a b c d 三、 單項選擇： （ ） 1.best wishes-teachersday. a.to b.for c.of d.with ( )2.thank you for english fun. a.make b.to make c.makes d.making ( )3.in england , people never use the first name their family name. a.before. b.in front of c.with d.after ( )4.the teacher didnt teach us in the last l

5、esson. a.new anything b,new something c.anything new d.something new ( )5.everyone is here. nobody is- a.not away b,away c.not out d.go ( )6.his friends call jim short. a.he, for b.him, for c.him,in d.her,for ( )7.would you like to give us a-? a.talking b.talk c.to talk d.talks ( )8.come to my offic

6、e after school, tom. lets a talk about your lessons. ( )9.-hi, tom. how is your father? -oh,- a.he is not tall b. he doesnt feel well c.he is old d.he is a teacher ( )10.david william lewis is called when we meet him for the first time. a.dave b.david c.mr lewis d.mr willian ( )11.rober thomas brow

7、is my very good friend, so i usually call him- a.mr brown b.rober browm c.bob d.mr robert ( )12. something about your family, ok? a.say b.tell c.speak d.talk ( )13.you can call me bob, you should never call me mr bob. a.but b.or c.and d./ ( )14.in china, the first name is name.thats different englis

8、h name. a .family, with b.given, from c.family, from d.given ,with ( )15,im very glad the news. a.hear b.to hear c.listen dlistening ( ) 16.what about to the great wall hotel ? a.go b.to go c.goes d.goin 語法 : 2. 一般將來時 : be going to 結構的用法 : (1) 用 be going to+ 動詞原形表示 ” 將要發(fā)生的事情或主觀上打算 , 計劃 , 決定要做的事 . 其后

9、的時間狀語通常為表示短期或近期含義的短語或表示固定時間的從句 . 如 :tomorrow morning,/tomorrow afternoon /tomorrow evening, next month /next week /next year /next saturday, this week /year/afternoon/saturday. 或者 when you grow up-? 等等 (2) be going to 結構中 ,be 是助動詞 , 要按句中主語的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化 . 其后要接動詞的原形 . 該句的否定式是在 be 后面加 not, 其疑問式將 be 提到句首

10、. 如 :she is going to help her mother clean the house this sunday./we are going to watch tv tomorrow evening. /are they going to have a sports meeting next month.? /there is going to be an english call tomorrow afternoon. (3), 在英語中 , 表示位置轉移的動詞 , 如 :come, go, fly, drive, leave, stay, 等 , 可用現(xiàn)在進行時表示按計劃或

11、安排即將發(fā)生的事 , 不必用 be going to 結構 . 如 :she is flying to nanjing herself. 明天她一個人飛往南京 . are you driving home ? 你開車回家嗎 ? 練習： 單項選擇題： （ ） 1.what are you going to do friday evening ? a.in b.on c.at d.of ( )2.do you have to do every day ? a.much work b.many work c.much works d.many works ( )3.what about meat f

12、or supper ? a.to buy some b.to buy any c.buying some d.buying any ( )4. ann her hair this saturday . a.wash b.washes c. to wash d.is going to wash ( )5.my school is near. i like walking there. a.too b.quite c.quiet d.so ( )6. these new shoes are for . a.you and i b.i and you c.you and me d.me and yo

13、u ( )7. would you like boating ? a.go b.to go c.going d.to go to ( )8. why not there by bus ? a.to go b.goes c. go d .going ( )9. are you free next saturday ? -. a.sure b.i think so c .nothing much d.why ( )10.i s li ming good singing ? a.at b.in c.on d. for ( )11.i have some books . a.read b.readin

14、g c.to read d.to reading ( )12.a.re you going to stay at school on may day ? no, im not. . a.im going to home b.im home c.im going home d. i go to home ( )13. kate has good friends at school. a.a quite lot of b,quite a lot of c.quite a lot d.a quite of ( )14. its five miles the farm the bus stop . a

15、.from , to b.to, from c.from , with d.from ,by ( )15. our teacher likes us english in the morning . a.to read b.reading c.read d.reads ( )16. they are going to play football next friday. a.on b./ c.in d.at ( )17. lets now . a.going to the park b.to play games c.are singing d.have a rest 3 . 形容詞的比較級和

16、最高級的用法： (1) 表示兩者之間的比較時用比較級，常用于“比較級 +than ”結構。如： this box is heavier than that one . 這個盒子比那個重。 he is much taller than i ,. 他比我高很多。通常可用 much, a little , a lot , still , even 等詞修飾比較級。還可以用“數(shù)詞 + 名詞”構成的名詞短語表示確定的度量，來修飾比較級。如： i am ten years older than my little brother. 我比我的小弟弟大了十歲。 (2) 表示三者或三者以上的比較時用最高級，常用

17、于“最 -“. 最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞 the, 后面可帶 of 短語來說明比較的范圍。如： the one with nuts is the nicest of all . 里面夾果仁的月餅是所有月餅中最好吃的。 li lei is the best at english in his class. 李雷在他們班英語學得最好。 此外，最高級還可以被序數(shù)詞所修飾。如： the yellow river is the second longest in china. 黃河是中國第二大長河。 一， 根據(jù)句意填入適當?shù)脑~： 1,they are having tea the open air .

18、 2,thank you very much your help. 3,would you like to come supper? 4,wu xia is the at chinese in her class. 5,this is a book many colour picture 6,our classroom is clean .it is cleaner yours. 7,this bottle is empty .may i have a one ? 8,what is the with your pen ? it is broken. 9, is the third seaso

19、n of a year. 二， 句子改寫： ma li lis ruler is longer than kates.( 變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?) ma li lis ruler_,_kates? 2,jims box is the heaviest of all.( 變?yōu)榉穸ň?) jims box _the heaviest of all. 3,the black bag is the oldest of the four .( 對劃線部分提問 ) _ _is the oldest of the four ? 4,li lei is thirteen. zhang hong is twelve.

20、( 連成一句 ) li lei is one year_ _zhang hong. 5,tom is the tallest boy in the class.( 同義句改寫 ) tom is _ than_ _boy in the class. 6,he watches tv every evning.( 用 this evening 替換 every evening) he _ _ _ _tv this evening. 三， 用所給的詞的適當形式填空： 1,i have nothing_(do) today. 2,is lucy running_(slow) than lili ? 3,

21、what kind of _(duck) are you feeding now? 4,his hobby is_(is)an artist. 5,which do you think is_(beauty), the city or the country? 6can you hear something_(sing) in the next room? 7,stop_(play). now lets have our lesson. 8what _(grow)on this farm? 9,now my brother is learning more about _(draw). 10,

22、riding a bike is much _(easy). 四， 根據(jù)句意填上一個最恰當?shù)脑~，使句子通順，語法正確： 1,do you all agree_her? 2, the corn_slowly. 3,i pick more pears than he_. 4,why_come with us ? 5,which _faster , a taxi or a bus ? 6,today she_to stay at home. 7,my little dog is hungry. i must _it. 8,my mother likes _me some stories at wee

23、kend. 9,what are you going to do after you _school? 10,i think the trees in shenyang is much fewer than_in dalia. 五，句型轉換： 1,please walk guickly, or you will miss the train. _ _ _walk guickly,you will miss the train. 2,do you have time this weekend? _ you_this weekend? 3, lets have a rest ? _ _ _a re

24、st? _ _have a rest. 4, which is the way to the station, please ? _ _the station, please? 5,i dont know. i have _ _. 6,the post office is not inside the station. the post office is_the station. 7,jim sits in front of bill. bill sits_jim. 8,today some countries dont use animals to do farm work any mor

25、e. today some countries_ _use animals to do farm work. 9,this pen is cheaper than any other one in the shop. this pen is_ _in the shop. 五， 動詞的適當形式填空： 1 listen! who_(sing) in the classroom? 2,may i_(come)in? im sorry im late. it_(not, matter). come in ,please. 3.jim usually_(do) his homework at schoo

26、l,but he_ (do) it at home now . 4,we_(see)uncle wang tomorrow. would you like_ (go) with us ? 5,why not_(go) boating? 6.what about _(go) on a picnic? 4 提建議的表達方法： 、 shall i / we do( 動詞原形 )- ？表示“我 / 我們 - 好嗎？” 例： shall we go to the zoo? 我們去動物園好嗎？ 、 lets do( 動詞原形 )- 。表示“讓我們做 - 吧” 例： lets make it half pa

27、st one. 讓我們定在一點半吧。 iii 、 why not do( 動詞原形 )- 表示“為什么不做 - 呢？” 例： why not give her some flowers? 為什么不送給她一些花呢？ 5 怎樣“表示需要”、“詢問方向”和“指點方向” i 表示需要： 1.he needs some help . 2.you need a number 16 bus. 3.which number do i need ? ii. 怎樣“問路（詢問方向）”： 1.e xcuse me. which is the way to the post office? 2.excuse me.

28、can(could) you tell me the way to the park? 3.excuse me. can(could) you show me the way to the bookshop? 4.excuse me. do you know the way to the bank? 5.excuse me. how can i get to the farm ? 6.excuse me.can(could) you tell me how i can get to the hospital? 7.excuse me,can(could) you tell me where t

29、he theatre is? 8.excuse me.where is the nearest hospital, please? iii. 怎樣“指點道路”（指點方向）： 1 、 its over there on the right /left. 2 、 its next to /in front of /behind /outside the school. 3 、 walk along /do down this road. 4 、 take the first turning on the left /right.=turn left /right at the first turn

30、ing. 5、 ts about two hundred metres along on the left /right . 6、 ts about five kilometers away. a) its about ten minutes walk from here. b) the nearest is about three kilometers away. you need a no.1 bus. c) take a no.3 bus on the right and get off at the sixth stop. 6. 序數(shù)詞的用法：表示事物的順序叫序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞往往與定冠詞

31、 the 連用。 （ 1 ）， 1-3 ，沒有規(guī)律，要逐個記憶。 one first ; two second ; three third ; (2). 4-12. 有規(guī)律，其中 four, six , seven ,ten , eleven 是在基數(shù)詞的后面加上 th, 而 five fifth , eight eighth , nine ninth , twelve twelfth 是沒有規(guī)律，要逐個記憶。 (3). 13-20 有規(guī)律，是在基數(shù)詞的后面加上 th 就行。 （ 4 ）。第二十至第九十的整十的倍數(shù)都是在基數(shù)詞后將詞尾的 -y 改為 i, 再加 -eth 構成的。 （ 5 ），

32、十位以上的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞時，把個位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞即可，十位數(shù)不變。第一百、第一千、第一百萬都是在基數(shù)詞的后面直接加上 -th 構成。 （ 6 ），序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式是由阿拉伯數(shù)字加上序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構成。 附： 基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞的口訣： 基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上 th ； 一、二、三，特殊記，詞尾字母 t,d,d ; 八減 t , 九減 e, f 來把 ve 替； 單詞 ty 作結尾， ty 變成 tie; 若是碰到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。 練習題： 一聽力： 20 分。 （四個類型）略。 二筆試： 80 分。 一。 詞匯： a 根據(jù)句子的意思及首字母提示，用適當?shù)脑~填空： 1 w_back

33、 to school. 2.october comes after s_. 3.there are many b_flowers in the park. 4.e_is the biggest animal on the land. 5.walk along this road, and take the fourth t_on the right. 6.shall we meet o_the school gate? 7.dont swim in the river. its d_. 8.tigers usually live in the f_and the mountains. 9.it

34、s far from here.you had better c_a bus . d) thank you all the s_. e) do you n_any help , miss black? f) lets make it half past nine .no p_. g) this big box is too h_.i cant carry it . h) jim often goes the w_way . i) i am very t_. shall i have a rest? b. 按要求寫出下列各詞： 1. busy( 比較級 )_ 2.big( 最高級 )_3.ear

35、ly( 比較級 )_4.nice( 最高級 )_5.beautiful( 比較級 )_ 6.good( 比較級 )_7.many( 最高級 )_8.slowly( 比較級 )_9.five( 序數(shù)詞 )_10.one( 序數(shù)詞 )_11.two( 序數(shù)詞 )_12.three( 序數(shù)詞 )_13.nine( 序數(shù)詞 )_ 14. twelve( 序數(shù)詞 )_15 .twenty( 序數(shù)詞 )_16. swim( 現(xiàn)在分詞 )_17. close( 形容詞 )_18. friend( 形容詞 )_ 19. wish( 復數(shù) )_20. full( 反義詞 )_21. before( 反義詞 )_

36、22. right( 同音詞 )_23. alse( 同義詞 )_24. free( 反義詞 )_25. strong( 比較級 )_26.foot( 復數(shù) )_27. run( 名詞 )_28. zoo( 復數(shù) )_29. play( 名詞 )_30. quick( 副詞 )_ c. 根據(jù)漢語提示，用單詞的適當形式填空： 1 lucy is feeling much _( 更好 )now. 2 this turkey _( 嘗起來 )fine. 2. miss li is _( 講 )children a story. 3. at night ,there are many _( 星星 )i

37、n the sky. 4. he jumps_( 最高 )at the sports meeting. 二選擇填空： 20 分。略。 三改寫句子：根據(jù)要求完成下列各句： 1. he is washing his clothes now.( 用 tomorrow 改寫 ) he is _ _wash his clothes tomorrow. 2. he is taller than any other student in his class.( 變?yōu)橥x句 ) he is_ _in his class. 3. you had better go there on foot .( 改為否定句

38、) you had _ _go there on foot. 4. they are going to leave on monday.( 劃線部分提問 ) _ _they going to leave? 5. you usually come to school by bike.( 改為否定疑問句 ) _you usually_to school by bike? 四口語運用：從 b 欄中找出能與 a 欄配對的答語： a b ( )1.what are you going to do next sunday? a.some bread. ( )2.shall we go to the zoo

39、? b.some bread ,please. ( )3.when shall we meet? c.sorry ,im busy . ( )4.what about a quarter past ten ? d.nothing much. ( )5.what can you see on the table / e.at a quarter past ten. ( )6.what would you like ? f. no . lets make it a little earlier. ( )7.are you free tomorrow ? g.i think so. ( )8.could you go there with me tomorrow ? h.good idea. ( )9.what does it say ? i.dont feed the animals. ( )10. would you like to go to the cin