中考英語(yǔ)常考易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)專題十四簡(jiǎn)單句

1、簡(jiǎn)單句易錯(cuò)清單一、 陳述句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)1. 含有have的否定句(1) have當(dāng)“擁有,所有”講時(shí),其否定形式有兩種。如:i have an e-dictionary. 我有一個(gè)電子詞典?？筛臑?i dont have an e-dictionary. ()i have not an e-dictionary. ()(2) have作“吃、喝、玩、度過”講時(shí),其否定形式借助于助動(dòng)詞do。如:i had milk for breakfast this morning. (變否定句) i didnt have milk for breakfast this morning. (3) have為助動(dòng)

2、詞時(shí),其否定形式為havent。如:i have visited diaoyu island. (變否定句) i havent visited diaoyu island. 2. 注意以下幾種情況:(1)含有all, both, each, every, both.and.等的肯定句加not變?yōu)榉穸ň浜?只表示部分否定;若表示全部否定,則需分別用no, no one, nobody, none, neither, neither.nor.等詞替換上述詞。如:both mary and joan are studentsneither mary nor joan is a student. (2

3、)含有already (已經(jīng)),too (也)的肯定句加not變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí),要分別把a(bǔ)lready和too改為yet和either。如:he has already seen the movie. (變?yōu)榉穸ň? he hasnt seen the movie yet. i want to go for a picnic, too. (變否定句) i dont want to go for a picnic,either. (3)含有almost, many, much, often等詞的肯定句可直接用never (hardly),few, little, seldom變?yōu)榉穸ň?而不用加no

4、t。如:he always stays up late in the evening. (變?yōu)榉穸ň? he never (hardly) stays up late in the evening. there is much food in the fridge. (變?yōu)榉穸ň?there is little food in the fridge. 3. 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose等時(shí),若要否定賓語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。如:i think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你是對(duì)的。i dont think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不

5、對(duì)。二、 一般疑問句的回答一般情況下,含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句,回答時(shí)應(yīng)用與問句相同的詞,但有時(shí)也用其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)回答。用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may提問時(shí),否定回答用mustnt, cant, may not。如:may i smoke here?我可以在這兒吸煙嗎?yes, you may. 是的,可以。no, you mustnt. 不,絕對(duì)不可以。no, you cant. 不,不可以。提分策略簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型各有特色。例如:反意疑問句由“陳述句+簡(jiǎn)單問句”構(gòu)成;感嘆句由what或how引導(dǎo);祈使句由動(dòng)詞原形開頭等。考生要熟記簡(jiǎn)單句的各種句型,積累一些經(jīng)典句型。根據(jù)句型特點(diǎn)解答有關(guān)試題?！纠?20

6、14福建福州32)foggy day!something must be done to solve the haze problem. a. howb. whatc. what a【解析】本題考查感嘆句的用法。因?yàn)檫@里是形容詞foggy后面加單數(shù)名詞day, 用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)。所以選c。【答案】c2. 通過語(yǔ)境判斷答案解題過程中,考生要正確理解句意,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,將答案代入題干,然后做出正確選擇。【例】(2014江蘇蘇州2)do you go to the sports club?at least once a week. a. how longb. how oftenc. how muchd.

7、 how far【解析】本題考查疑問詞的用法。根據(jù)下句的回答“至少每周一次”,所以可知上句問的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率,所以上句的疑問詞是how often?！敬鸢浮縝專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1. (2014內(nèi)蒙古赤峰37)have you heard of zhang lili? she was seriously hurt in an accident in order to save one of her students. good teacher!a. howb. whatc. what ad. what an2. (2014 江蘇常州28)millie hardly did the housework a

8、fter she bought the robot, ?. she could relax and have time for her hobbies.a. did she; yesb. didnt she; noc. didnt she; yesd. did she; no3. (2014山東德州20)hes still not understood by his close friend although he has said sorry to him, ?a. hasnt heb. has hec. isnt hed. is he4. (2013四川成都) do you surf th

9、e internet, maria?twice a week.a. how longb. how oftenc. how soon5. (2013四川綿陽(yáng))dont smoke in the reading room, ?im sorry. i wont do it again.a. will youb. shall wec. do you6. (2013湖南長(zhǎng)沙) do you think of the film?very interesting.a. whatb. whoc. how7. (2013天津) nice dress it is!thank you!a. what ab. wha

10、tc. howd. how a8. (2013河北) is the dictionary?its $22. 95.a. how oldb. how longc. how thickd. how much參考答案與解析1. c解析:考查感嘆句的用法。句中的名詞是單數(shù)形式,感嘆句應(yīng)該用what a 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。故選c。2. a解析:考查反意疑問句的用法。疑問句的陳述部分含否定意義,疑問部分應(yīng)該用肯定結(jié)構(gòu),所以排除b、c兩項(xiàng)。由應(yīng)答句后面一句判斷,該疑問句應(yīng)該作肯定回答。故選a。3. d解析:考查反意疑問句的用法。該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),反意問句應(yīng)該與主句一致,故選d。4. b解析:考查疑問副詞的用法。how long 詢問(延續(xù))多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,回答用for.或since.引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);how often 多久一次,詢問動(dòng)作的頻率,多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間;how soon 詢問還要多久才,一般用于將來(lái)時(shí),回答用in + 一段時(shí)間。5. a解析:考查反意疑問句。句子的陳述部分是祈使句,祈使句的反意疑問句的疑問部分是will you? 故選a。6. a解析:考查特殊疑問詞的用法。根據(jù)對(duì)話中的答語(yǔ)“很有趣”可知,提問的是對(duì)事物的看法,用句型“what do yo