定語從句.ppt

1、The Attributive Clause,1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether 2Is there anything else_you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what 3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it 4.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatl

2、y in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom 5.There is no dictionary_you can find everything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that 6.This is one of the best books_. A.that have ever been writtenC.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have written,A,B,B,B,C,A,定語從句：,由一個句子充當(dāng)定語,從句的位置：,在名詞或代詞后

3、,先 行 詞： 被定語從句修飾的詞,引 導(dǎo) 詞：,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞 關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞,引導(dǎo)詞的作用: (1)引導(dǎo)定語從句 (2)在從句中作一成份 (3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置,the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is handsome is Tom.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom,The boy who is n

4、aughty is Tom., The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語),The boy who has a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The man who sits in front of me is Tom.,Ex: He is the teacher. The teacher can speak French

5、.,He is the teacher who can speak French., Do you know the man? He came to visit you today.,Do you know the man who came to visit you today?, The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady.,The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot., Do you know the man? You will visit him

6、today.,Do you know the man whom you will visit today?,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which is red is mine.,The apple which is green is yours.,The apple which is red is small,The apple which is green is big., Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.,Mrs.

7、 Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers., Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.,Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night., that 指人/物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）,A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,He is the man. I told yo

8、u about him.,He is the man (that) I told you about., that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行詞為all, eve

9、rything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時。,(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修飾時。,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。,(4)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。,(5) 先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以There be

10、引導(dǎo)時 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時，關(guān)系代詞用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago. (8)當(dāng)先行詞是which時，關(guān)系代詞用that. Which is the book that you bought last week?,7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything_ _ _ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C

11、.which D.where 8.Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it 9.Is there anything_to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong 10.The scientist and his achievements_you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose 11.Which of the boo

12、ks_were borrowed from him is the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whose,B,A,B,B,C,12.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _ were in the fields. 13.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate. 14.This is the very thing _ I was looking for. 15.This is the second nove

13、l _I have ever read. 16.There is nothing in the world _ can frighten me. 17.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree? 18.My hometown is not the same one _ it used to be twenty years ago.,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,who,that （先行詞為人）區(qū)別,1.用who不用that的情況：,(1)當(dāng)先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those時。 (2)當(dāng)先行詞為

14、人稱代詞時。,He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise,2.只能用which 的情況:,1.介詞前置時關(guān)系代詞只能用which(先行詞為物) 2. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整個句子時只能用which (1) She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry. (2)My glasses,without which I was lik

15、e a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.,whose 在定語從句中作定語,表示引導(dǎo)詞與 whose 后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物時可與 of which互換使用。,This is the book whose cover is blue.,This is the book of which the cover is blue,This is the book the cover of which is blue,Do you know the girl? Her hair is very short in our clas

16、s,Do you know the girl whose hair is the hair of whom very short in our class?,He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday,He is the student whose pencil the pencil of whom I broke yesterday.,This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son.,This teacher,with whose son I work, is l

17、iked by all the students,The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department.,The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident.,1 The river _are covered with trees is very long. A which banks B of which banks C whose the banks D the banks of which 2 she li

18、kes to use words _is clear to him. A of which the meaning B of which meaning C whose of meaning D meaning of which 3 Themanager_company they worked agreed _their decision. A which, with B in which, to C whose, with D in whose, with 4 Look! The dictionary ,_is red, is a birthday gift given by my pare

19、nts. A which cover B the cover of which C the whose cover D that the cover 5 Mr Brown,_, works as the manager of the company. A we got here in his car B we got here by car C in whose car we got here D by whose car we got here,D,A,D,B,C,As 也可以用來引導(dǎo)定語從句.,當(dāng)先行詞與as,so,such,the same 連用或先行詞本身是such,the same時

20、,關(guān)系代詞用as. As在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。,1.He is not such a man as only thinks of himself. 2.I should like to use the same pen as I used yesterday. 3.Such problems as are often mentioned should be solved. 4.I will read as many books as are required. 5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. such that結(jié)果狀語點講,wh

21、en在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league,on which,where在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,why在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞for+ 關(guān)系代詞（which）”。,Do you know the reason why she was late.,It rained heavily, for which he

22、 was late for the class.,1. This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I visited last week. 2. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent with you. 3. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _ he told me. The reason _he explained is not

23、true.,where,which,when,which,why,which,which,“介詞關(guān)系代詞(whom/which)”引導(dǎo)定語從句應(yīng)注意： 1介詞的選用至少要考慮以下的兩個因素 A.與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系 1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m.

24、 yesterday, _ most people had had supper.,on which,during which,in which,by which,B. 與謂語動詞的搭配習(xí)慣 1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?,for which,

25、on which,from which,about which,The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab., The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him,The boy (whom/that) you want to talk to is in the lab.,The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab., This is the boy. I

26、 sit behind him.,This is the boy (whom/that) I sit behind.,This is the boy behind whom I sit.,Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now,Do you find the pen (which/that) I wrote with just now?,Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語的幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：,1.介詞 + whomwhich,The woman general stil

27、l remember the day on which she joined the army,2.介詞 短語 + whichwhom,The fisherman lived in a small house in front of which lies a well.,3. 不定代詞 或數(shù)詞 +whichwhom,There are many books here , none of which belongs to me. China has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is Luxun.,4.名詞+ of which,She mentione

28、d a magazine,the title of which I have forgotten.,She mentioned a magazine,the title of which I have forgotten.,17.They held a meeting,_which the hospital director made a speech. 18.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading. 19.Is this the man_whose house the police found the lost coloured TV?

29、 20.The villagers dug along tunnel_which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers. 21.Wu Dong,_whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 22.The stories about Long March,_which this is one example,are well written.,at,for,in,through,with,of,part of whom/which,T

30、here are 23 students in our class, A:_(他們都） love mothers deeply. B:_ （大多數(shù)） are from countryside. C:_ （有些）are from Xiabancheng D:_（沒有一個）are from Beijing,all of whom,most of whom,some of whom,none of whom,There are 23 students in our class. (,and) A:_ (他們都） love mothers deeply. B:_ （大多數(shù)） are from coun

31、tryside. C:_ （有些） are from Xiabancheng D:_ （沒有一個） are from Beijing,all of them,most of them,some of them,none of them,Every student has many books, A:_（大多數(shù)）are textbooks. B:_ （一些） are extra curricular books. C:_ （其余的）are reference books. D:_（沒有一本）are novels. E:_（有幾本）are English books.,most of which,

32、some of which,the rest of which,none of which,several of which,1.Do you know who lives in the： building_there is a well? A.in front of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which 2.Ill never forget the day_I joined theLeague. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which 3.The woman_my b

33、rother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom C.to who D whom 4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed a necklace. A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom 5.His glasses,_he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg. A.which B.with which C.without which D.that,C,A,B,B,C,做做

34、試試,1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _had not been cleaned for at least one year. 2.In the dark street, there was not a single person _ _she could turn for help. 3.China has a lot of islands ,the largest_ _is Taiwan. 4.The old lady had one son and two daughters,_ _ _treated her

35、well, _made her very sad. 5.There are forty students in our class,_ _20 are girls; the rest are boys.,which,To whom,of which,none of which,which,of whom,限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：,The man who came here yesterday has come again.,限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時不用逗號分開。,非限制性定語從句和主句關(guān)

36、系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句， 寫時往往逗號分開。,1.His mother ,whom he loved dearly,went abroad. 2.This machine ,which he has looked after for many years ,is still working perfectly. 3.Aqiao,whose parents had died ,had to make a living by herself. 4.The family ,who lived upstairs,are fond of music

37、.,說明：非限制性定語不能用that 引導(dǎo)； 作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞不能??； 要用逗號隔開。,* As 和which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：,Which引導(dǎo)的從句與主句關(guān)系較密切，常放在主句之后；而as引導(dǎo)從句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。 Which既可代指先行詞，又可代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。相當(dāng)于“and this” or “ and that”. 譯為“這一點”。 而as 則只能代指整個主句的內(nèi)容。譯為“正如.那樣”，且已形成固定結(jié)構(gòu)。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected.

38、 Etc. eg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist. As is reported, China has become an important country in the world. He didnt come to attend the meeting, as is expected. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.,1._was n

39、atural,he married Jenny. A.Which B.That C.This D.As 2.Such signs_we use in the experiment_ Greek letters. A.as ,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is 3.I passed him a large glass of whisky,_ he drank immediately . A.that B.as C.which D.who 4.She is very good at dance,_everybody knows. A.that B.which C.wh

40、o D.as 5.It was raining,_was a pity. A.what B.that C.the which D.which 6._has been said above,grammar is a set of dead rules. A.Which B.What C.That D.As 7.We do the same work_they do. A.which B.as C.than D.like 8.The earth is round,_we all know. A.that B.which C.who D. as,D,A,C,D,D,D,D,B,D,定語從句和其它句型

41、的轉(zhuǎn)換,從句是主動形式，用現(xiàn)在分詞; 從句是被動形式，用過去分詞?；蛘呖炊ㄕZ和被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系，如果定語和被修飾 詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果定語和被修飾 詞之間是動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞；,1.定語從句和非謂語動詞： 從句是主動形式，用現(xiàn)在分詞; 從句是被動形式，用過去分詞?；蛘呖炊ㄕZ和被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系，如果定語和被修飾 詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果定語和被修飾 詞之間是動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞；,1.定語從句和非謂語動詞： (1)There are lots of good English programmes which are broadcast on TV or the ra

42、dio in China. -There are lots of good English programmes _ on TV or the radio in China. (2)At one time there were long queues of people who were waiting outside the CAAC offices. -At one time there were long queues of people _ outside the CAAC offices.,(1)There are lots of good English programmes wh

43、ich are broadcast on TV or the radio in China. There are lots of good English programmes _ on TV or the radio in China. (2)At one time there were long queues of people who were waiting outside the CAAC offices. -At one time there were long queues of people _ outside the CAAC offices.,broadcast,waiti

44、ng,2.定語從句和并列句 是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句和并列句的一個關(guān)鍵 1. I saw some trees, and the leaves of the trees were black with disease. -I saw some trees, the leaves of _were black with disease. 2. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses 3.The World Trade Organization (WTO)

45、 finally opened its door to China on November 10,_ a 15-year wait. A. to end B. ended C. ending D. ends,which,whom,C,A whomBthemCtheyDwho 1）MrSmithhasthreesons，noneofis a computerexpert2He has threesisters，aredoctors3）ShehasthreeCDs，butnoneofis interesting4）Ihavemanyfriends，andallofare niceandfriend

46、ly5）MissYanghassomerelativeshere；likeherverymuch 6) He has two sons, neither of looks like him. 7) He has two sons, and neither of looks like him. 8) He has two sons. Both of _look like him.,A,D,B,B,C,A,B,B,（1）句從引導(dǎo)詞來看，狀語從句中的that 是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，而定語從句中的as在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。,3.定語從句和狀語從句 （1）句從引導(dǎo)詞來看，狀

47、語從句中的that 是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，而定語從句中的as在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。,(1)This is such a big stone _no one can lift it. This is such a big stone _no one can lift. (2)Please put the letter in the drawer _ _he can easily find it.(=where) Please put the letter_he can easily find it.,(1)This is such a big stone _no o

48、ne can lift it. This is such a big stone _no one can lift. (2)Please put the letter in the drawer _ _he can easily find it. Please put the letter_he can easily find it.,that,as,where,where,1 You may stay _you like. 2 We put the corn _ the birds could find it easily. 3 Id like you to take my picture

49、_stands the ancient tower 4 Bamboo grows well_ it is warmer and wet all the year round. A in the place B in the place where C the place where D in which 5 Ive never been to_ my grandfather was born. A which B in which C where D that,where,where,where,B,C,4.定語從句和名詞性從句 (1) He did all (that) he could to help me .(=what) (2) All that can be done has been done. (=what) (3) _is known to us all, the earth turns round the sun. It is known to us all