野草 翻譯對比

1、一、野草原文及英譯：原文(節(jié)選)：野 草 夏 衍有這樣一個故事。有人問：世界上什么東西的氣力最大？回答紛紜的很，有的說“象”，有的說“獅”，有人開玩笑似的說是“金剛”，金剛有多少氣力，當然大家全不知道。結(jié)果，這一切答案完全不對，世界上氣力最大的，是植物的種子。一粒種子所可以顯現(xiàn)出來的力，簡直是超越一切，這兒又是一個故事。人的頭蓋骨，結(jié)合得非常致密與堅固，生理學家和解剖學者用盡了一切的方法，要把它完整地分出來，都沒有這種力氣，后來忽然有人發(fā)明了一個方法，就是把一些植物的種子放在要解剖的頭蓋骨里，給它以溫度與濕度，使它發(fā)芽，一發(fā)芽，這些種子便以可怕的力量，將一切機械力所不能分開的骨骼，完整地分開了

2、。植物種子力量之大如此，如此。這，也許特殊了一點，常人不容易理解，那么，你看見過被壓在瓦礫和石塊下面的一顆小草的生成嗎？它為著向往陽光，為著達成它的生之意志，不管上面的石塊如何重，石塊與石塊之間如何狹，它必定要曲曲折折地，但是頑強不屈地透到地面上來，它的根往土壤鉆，它的芽往地面挺，這是一種不可抗拒的力，阻止它的石塊，結(jié)果也被它掀翻，一粒種子的力量之大如此，如此。英譯版：Wild grass Translator: Liu HongweiThere is a story which goes like this. Someone ever asked “What is the most powe

3、rful thing in the world?” There were various answers, someone said “Elephant”, others said “Lion”, even some of them jokingly said “Buddhas warriorattendant”. As to how powerful the Buddhas warrior attendant is, actually, nobody knows.The fact is that these answers are completely wrong，the most powe

4、rful thing in the world is the seed of plants. The force displayed by a seed simply surpasses everything. Here is another story.The bones of a human skull are so tightly and firmly joined that no methods could be used by physiologist and anatomist to separate it wholly. Later, a proposal occurs to s

5、ome people that puts some seeds of the plants in the skull need to be dissected, and then available temperature andmoisture are provided, which makes the seeds sprout, once these seeds to sprout, it will have a kind of amazing force making human skull separated, any mechanical force fails to do it.

6、How powerful the seed of a plant is!This matter maybe out of understanding of average people. Well, have you ever seen the growth of bamboo shoots? Have you ever seen the growth of the little grasses overwhelmed among the stones and rubbles? In order to realize the willingness that looking forward t

7、o getting the sunshine and complete the will desiring to live, the little grasses, winds its body from one side to another side irresistibly, ultimately coming out of the grand stubbornly no matter how heavy the rocks are and how narrow the space among the rocks. Its roots drilling downward and its

8、sprouts sticking upward, theforce is so irresistiblethat any rocks preventing its growth are overturned. How powerful the seed of a plant is!二野草英譯評析： 1 英譯文章的選擇和翻譯過程闡述：這篇散文節(jié)選自散文佳作108篇，野草是一篇很有名的散文，其作者夏衍是現(xiàn)代劇作家、革命戲劇和電影運動的組織者和領(lǐng)導者。此文中，夏衍通過對種子、野草和生命力的歌頌和肯定，表達了他對黑暗現(xiàn)實重壓的蔑視，對民眾力量的信賴。因此，在英譯材料的內(nèi)容和情感上都處于較高層次。此文的

9、翻譯過程經(jīng)歷三個階段，分別是在不同時間不同地點進行了初稿、二稿、和定稿的完成。2 自己譯文與參考譯文的整體對比分析：2.1 形式對比：野草的文體是散文,其特點是是寓意深刻，哲理性強，句式短小精悍，大量運用象征手法。盡管翻譯家傅雷曾說過“翻譯應(yīng)該像臨畫一樣，所追求的不在形式而在意”，但是作者認為這篇漢譯英的文章在書寫形式上盡可能的保留原作者的書寫形式，形式也是文化的載體。野草的第二段主要由三個直接引語構(gòu)成，劉士聰先生的在這段的翻譯上將此段拆分為五個小句，單獨成段。Someone asked, What is the most powerful thing in the world?There w

10、as a variety of answers.Elephant, someone said.Lion, another said.Buddhas guardian warrior, still another said half-jokingly. As to how powerful the Buddhas guardian warrior was, no one was sure.看這樣的形式改譯，有點類似描寫人物對話的感覺，自己在處理過程中，并未對此段做形式上的修改是為了讓這段內(nèi)容所表達的意思更加完整緊湊。2.2 文章時態(tài)的選擇：這篇文章在進行時態(tài)選擇時自己思考時間比較長，一稿翻譯時我

11、整體用了過去式，包括：There was a this; The most powerful thing in the world was plants; The bones of a human skull were so to separate it wholly等，但校稿時發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然這樣能有效的避免時態(tài)出錯，但是沒有一種原文再現(xiàn)的感覺，而且野草中寫道的“人的頭蓋骨，結(jié)合得非常致密與堅固；世界上氣力最大的，是植物的種子”等也可以理解為客觀事實或真理，因而又在二稿翻譯時，按語意對時態(tài)又做以修改。劉士聰先生的譯文也是如此。2.3 句意整合：這篇文章的四五兩段是翻譯難點，主要是原文多為短句，需要句

12、意整合，如第五段164個漢字就兩層意思，第一層用了兩個反問句引出第二層意思即小草生命力頑強，第二層意思含有十個逗號因而處理時我將短句柔和，調(diào)整順序：將主語做插入語放在了中間然后把讓步狀語放在了后面如“In order to, the little grasses, winds its body from one side to another side irresistibly, ultimately no matter how heavy ”而劉士聰先生是將兩個不論做了插入語，順序上未調(diào)整，使層層遞進關(guān)系更加明顯。3 具體措辭和翻譯方法的對比分析：有人開玩笑似的說是“金剛”，這句話自己英譯為

13、even some of them jokingly said “Buddhas”；劉士聰先生英譯為Buddhas guardian warrior, still another said half-jokingly. 自己在翻譯的過程中用even 來強調(diào)語氣上的對比，劉士聰先生用half-jokingly來強調(diào)，原文中是“開玩笑”而非“半開玩笑”，但是劉士聰先生這樣的處理方法更為地道。此處“金剛”雖然用詞不同但大意都表達明確，可能后者warrior暗含文化性更加強一些?！敖o它以溫度與濕度”我翻譯時用了“available temperature andmoisture are provide

14、d”。劉士聰先生用了“provided the necessary temperature and moisture to make them germinate”。這句話對“以”的處理available可能應(yīng)該更加好一點，necessary是必要的必須的意思，available是有效的有利的意思。此處并未提到到底怎么樣的溫度和濕度易于發(fā)芽，所以available比較貼切?！昂髞砗鋈挥腥税l(fā)明了一個方法”自己在英譯時用了“Later, a proposal occurs to some people that”劉士聰先生用了“Then someone invented a method”此處，我

15、覺的劉士聰先生的then和invent這兩個詞欠佳，then 是“那么，當時，隨后”的意思，但此處時間上并不強調(diào)連續(xù)性，我覺得later更為貼切；劉士聰先生對于發(fā)明這個詞用了invent，但個人認為這個詞用的程度有點大，只是后來有人想到了把種子放在頭蓋骨里，因此，自己的英譯中用了occur這個詞，感覺更符合實際情況。“它的芽往地面挺”its sprouts shooting upward. 自己用了“ its sprouts sticking upward，個人認為此處sticking 更能給人破土而出的感覺。四五段中的“植物種子力量之大，如此如此”和“一顆種子的力量的大，如此如此”字面上稍有

16、不同，但其表述意思相同。因此，在處理過程中自己用了相同的感嘆句且單獨成句，同時也對標點符號做了轉(zhuǎn)譯將句號改為了感嘆號來表達這種強烈的感情如How powerful the seed of a plant is!4 總結(jié)：此篇文章的翻譯涉及眾多翻譯細節(jié)，在與劉士聰先生的譯文對比中使我認識到自己的用詞及組織句子的能力仍需提高，在詞類轉(zhuǎn)換和句子轉(zhuǎn)化的處理上應(yīng)該更加靈活。翻譯是建立在漢語的理解基礎(chǔ)上進行的，在今后的翻譯學習中也應(yīng)多讀各類漢語文章和多收集百科知識，提升漢語理解力，避免理解失誤。如該文中“金剛”一詞的理解實為難點，我們并不明確金剛所指含義，在大乘佛教中，它既指無心相心、無可摧毀的性又指在西

17、藏密宗的護法神，還指代的是一種神器因而，理解不同，選詞會不同，在自己的譯文和參考譯文中，都當護法神的意思來處理。 附：野草劉士聰譯 Wild Grass Translator: Liu ShicongThere is a story which goes like this:Someone asked, What is the most powerful thing in the world?There was a variety of answers.Elephant, someone said.Lion, another said.Buddhas guardian warrior, sti

18、ll another said half-jokingly. As to how powerful the Buddhas guardian warrior was, no one was sure.In fact none of the answers was correct. The most powerful thing in the world is the seed of plants. The force displayed by a seed is simply incomparable.Here goes another story:The bones of a human s

19、kull are so tightly and firmly joined that no physiologist and anatomist had succeeded in taking them apart whatever means they tried. Then someone invented a method. He put sonic seeds of a plant in the skull to be dissected and provided the necessary temperature and moisture to make them germinate. Once the seeds germinated, they manifested a terrible force with which he succeeded in opening up the human skull that had failed to be opened even by mechanical means.You may think this is too unusual a story to be grasped