情態(tài)動(dòng)詞guess.ppt

1、Grammar,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,非推測(cè)性情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall, will, must, mustnt, should, would的用法,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, should/ought to, may/might , neednt+ have done 表示假設(shè)的用法,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must, can/could, may/might, should/ought to表猜測(cè)的用法,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一些慣用法,表示推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.,肯定的推測(cè) 可能的推測(cè) 否定的推測(cè) 疑問(wèn)的推測(cè),must,對(duì)將來(lái) 對(duì)現(xiàn)在 對(duì)過(guò)去,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. +

2、V. + have done 常見(jiàn)must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,Must +have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為進(jìn)行推測(cè)，意為“想必/準(zhǔn)是/一定作了某事”。,1.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term. 到上學(xué)期為止我們一定學(xué)了有兩千個(gè)單詞 。 2.He must have gone

3、to Beijing. 他一定已經(jīng)去北京了。,can/could+have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的行為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。,1. Can they have won the basketball match? 他們可能贏了籃球賽嗎？ 2. It couldnt have been Mr. Green. He has gone to New York. 那不可能是格林先生的，他已經(jīng)去北京了。,could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本來(lái)能夠而沒(méi)能”，具有婉轉(zhuǎn)的批評(píng)和責(zé)備之意。,You could have told me earlier. 你本該早點(diǎn)告訴

4、我的。,should/ought to+have done用于肯定句時(shí)，表示“本該做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做”，用于否定句時(shí)，則表示“不該做的事反而做了”。,1.You should have told him a week ago. 你本來(lái)應(yīng)該在一周前告訴他的。,might（不用may）+have done表示“本來(lái)可能”，但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的事。另外，還可表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該或可以做某事”之意，含有輕微的責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣。,1.You might not have told her. 你本可以不告訴他的。（事實(shí)上你告訴他了） 2. You might have come earlier. 你本可以早點(diǎn)來(lái)的。（但沒(méi)

5、有這樣）,neednt +have done表示做了本來(lái)不必去做的事。,1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday. 昨天她本不必到火車(chē)站去的.（昨天她去了） 2.You neednt have bought it. 你本可不必買(mǎi)它的。 （你買(mǎi)了）,鞏 固 練 習(xí),1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt have eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt

6、have eaten 2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet? -She _ again in the morning? A. shouldnt have overslept B. may have turned off the alarm clock C. must have no one t o call her D. should have someone to wake her up 3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No. We _, but we decided not to. A.sho

7、uld have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have gone,B,B,A,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up 5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher. In my opinion,

8、you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating. must have done B. might have done C. should have done D. could have done,D,C,1.作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用，常用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。,Dare (need) +S +V S + darent (neednt) +V,I darent walk through the forest at night. Dare you walk through the forest at night? You neednt return th

9、e book now. Need he go yesterday?,可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare,2.作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用，常用在肯定句中, 有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、和數(shù)的變化,He needs to go there himself. He has grown up,we dont need to worry about him.,3.Sth (sb) need( want, request)+ doing/ to be done The house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned The boy needs sending to the hospital at

10、 once.,句型 時(shí)態(tài) 動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 dare 肯定句 現(xiàn)在時(shí) dare do dare/dares to do 過(guò)去時(shí) dare do dared to do 否定句 現(xiàn)在時(shí) darent/dare not do do/does not dare (to) do 過(guò)去時(shí) dared not do did not dare (to) do 疑問(wèn)句 現(xiàn)在時(shí)Dare he do? Do you/Does he dare (to) do? 過(guò)去時(shí) Dared he do? Did he dare (to) do,2.I wonder how he_that to the tea

11、cher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say,D,4.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally. A neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up,D,1.判斷正誤:,How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?,

12、He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he? He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,Exercises,Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.,These dishes need be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.

13、These dishes need cleaning carefully.,hadbetter(最好),should(應(yīng)該)與oughtto（應(yīng)該）均為提建議、闡述觀點(diǎn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后接動(dòng)詞原形。should比hadbetter語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，oughtto語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。一般情況下should與oughtto可通用。 例1：你最好立即去那里。 Youhadbettergothereatonce. 例2：你應(yīng)該努力工作。 Yououghtto/shouldworkhard.,（一）否定句hadbetter,should,oughtto用于否定句時(shí)，否定詞均位于其后，具體形式為：hadbetternotdo,

14、shouldnt/shouldnotdo, oughtnttodo。例1此時(shí)你最好別出發(fā)。： Youhadbetternotstartatthistime. 例2：她不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 Sheoughtnttowastetime.,（二）一般疑問(wèn)句hadbetter,should,oughtto用于一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，分別將had,should,ought提至句首。例1：他最好立即出發(fā)嗎？ Hadhebetterstartearlyatonce? 例2：你應(yīng)該這么做嗎？ Shouldyoudolikethis? 例3：他應(yīng)該去那里嗎？ Oughthetogothere?,（三）反意疑問(wèn)句陳述句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

15、含hadbetter,should,oughtto時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句為：had,should與ought+主格人稱(chēng)代詞或hadnt,shouldnt,oughtnt+主格人稱(chēng)代詞。例1：你最好別回家，是嗎？ Youhadbetternotgohome,hadyou? 例2：你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，是嗎？ Youshouldstudyhard,shouldntyou? 例3：你上課不應(yīng)該講話(huà)，是嗎？ Heoughtnttospeakinclass,oughthe?,1The flower is dead. I _ it yesterday. Ashould water Bmust water Cshould have watered Dmustnt have watered 2What time ought I _? Aarrived Barriving Carrive Dto arrive 3He _ speak to his mother like th