lesson 33.ppt

1、LESSON 33,PORT STATE CONTROL INSPECTION,Under the provisions(規(guī)定, 條款) of applicable international conventions (公約,條約), ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party are subject, while in the port of a Party, to control by officers duly(適當(dāng)?shù)? authorized by that Party.,Ships of non parties or below conventi

2、on size shall be given no more favorable treatment.,The conventions under which the port state control inspection is carried out include: the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974; the International Convention on Load Lines, 1966 ;,the International Convention for the Preventi

3、on of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol(議定書(shū)) of 1978, as amended (MARPOL 73/78);,the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (海員, 船員), 1978, as modified by the Final Act of the Conference of the Parties of 1995, (STCW 78/95

4、), and,the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 (國(guó)際船舶噸位丈量公約ITC 69).,The Administration (i.e. the government of the flag state) is responsible for promulgating(發(fā)布、公布) laws and regulations and,and for taking all other steps which may be necessary to give the applicable conven

5、tions full and complete effect,so as to ensure that, from the pointing view of safety of life and pollution prevention, a ship is fit for the service for which it is intended and seafarers are qualified and fit for their duties.,In the pursuance of(執(zhí)行、履行) control procedures a Port State Control Offi

6、cer (PSCO) may proceed to the ship,from its appearance in the water, an impression of its standard of maintenance from such items as the condition of its paintwork, corrosion or pitting(凹坑) or unrepaired damage.,On boarding and introduction to the master or the responsible ships officer, the PSCO sh

7、ould examine the vessels relevant certificates and documents,such as Tonnage Certificate(國(guó)際噸位證書(shū)), Minimum Safe Manning Document(最低安全配員證書(shū)) and Certificates of Competency(資格, 能力)(適任證書(shū)),Medical Certificates(健康證書(shū)), International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) Certificate(國(guó)際防止油污染證書(shū)), Oil Record Book (OR

8、B)(油類(lèi)記錄簿),Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan(船舶油污應(yīng)急計(jì)劃), Survey Report File (in case of bulk carriers (散貨船) or oil tankers(油船), Report of previous Port State Control inspections and so on.,If the certificates are valid and the PSCOs general impression and visual observations on board confirm a go

9、od standard of maintenance,the PSCO should generally confine the inspection to(限制在范圍內(nèi)) reported or observed deficiencies(缺陷), if any.,If, however, the PSCO from general impressions or observations on board has clear grounds(根據(jù)、理由) for believing that,that the ship, its equipment or its crew do not su

10、bstantially meet the requirements, the PSCO should proceed to a more detailed inspection.,If the PSCO has clear grounds for carrying out a more detailed inspection, the master should be immediately informed of these grounds and advised that,if so desired, the master may contact the Administration or

11、, as appropriate, the recognized organization responsible for issuing the certificate and invite their presence on board.,The clear Grounds to conduct a more detailed inspection include: 1. the absence of principal equipment or arrangements required by the conventions;,2. evidence from a review of t

12、he ships certificates that a certificate or certificates are clearly invalid;,3. evidence that the ships logs, manuals or other required documentation are not on board, are not maintained, or are falsely maintained;,4. evidence from the PSCOs general impressions and observations that serious hull or

13、 structural deterioration or deficiencies exist,that may place at risk the structural, watertight(水密的) or weathertight integrity(完整, 完整性) of the ship;,5. evidence from the PSCOs general impressions or observations that serious deficiencies exist in the safety, pollution prevention, or the navigation

14、al equipment;,6. information or evidence that the master or crew is not familiar with essential shipboard operations relating to the safety of ships or the prevention of pollution, or that such operations have not been carried out.,7. indications that key crew members may not be able to communicate

15、with each other or with other persons on board;,8. absence of an up-date muster list(應(yīng)變部署表), fire control plan(防火控制圖), and for passenger ships, a damage control plan(破損控制圖);,9. the emission(發(fā)出) of false distress(災(zāi)難) alerts(警報(bào), 警惕) not followed by proper cancellation procedures;,10. receipt of a repo

16、rt or complaint containing information that a ship appears to be substandard(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以下的, 不合規(guī)格的).,When exercising control, all possible efforts should be made to avoid a ship being unduly detained(扣留, 拘留) or delayed.,It should be borne in mind that the main purpose of port State control is to prevent a sh

17、ip proceeding to sea if it is unsafe or presents an unreasonable threat of harm to the marine environment.,The PSCO should exercise professional judgement to determine whether to detain a ship until the deficiencies are corrected or,or to allow it to sail with certain deficiencies which cannot be re

18、medied, having regard to the particular circumstances of the intended voyage.,In latter cases, the PSCO should ensure that the competent authority(主管當(dāng)局) of the next port of call and the flag State are notified.,Since detention(滯留) of a ship is a serious matter involving many issues, it may be in the

19、 best interest of the PSCO to act with other interested(有利害關(guān)系) parties.,For example, the officer may request the owners representatives to provide proposals for correcting the situation.,The PSCO may also consider co-operating with the flag State Administrations representatives or recognized organiz

20、ation responsible for issuing the relevant certificates,and consulting them regarding their acceptance of the owners proposals and their possible additional requirement.,Detention reports to the flag State should be in sufficient detail for an assessment to be made of the severity of the deficiencie

21、s giving rise to the detention.,Port State Authorities should ensure that, on the conclusion of an inspection, the master of the ship is provided with a document,giving the result of the inspection, details of any action taken by the PSCO, and a list of any corrective action to be initiated(開(kāi)始, 發(fā)動(dòng))

22、by the master, owner or operator.,Such report should be made in accordance with the format in appendix(附錄) 5 of IMO Resolution(決議) A. 787 (19).,READING MATERIAL,MORE DETAILED INSPECTIONS FOR PSC,If the PSCO from general impressions or observations on board has clear grounds for believing that,the sh

23、ip might be substandard, the PSCO should proceed to a more detailed inspection, taking the following considerations into account.,Machinery Spaces,The PSCO should assess the condition of the machinery and of the electrical installations such that they are capable of providing sufficient continuous p

24、ower for propulsion and for auxiliary services.,During inspection of the machinery spaces, the PSCO should form an impression of the standard of maintenance.,Frayed(磨損的) or disconnected quick-closing valve wires, disconnected or inoperative(不起作用的, 無(wú)效的) extended control rods or machinery trip (跳閘) me

25、chanisms, missing valve hand wheels,evidence of chronic(長(zhǎng)期的) steam, water and oil leaks, dirty tank tops and bilges or extensive corrosion of machinery foundations(基座) are pointers to all unsatisfactory organization of the systems maintenance.,A large number of temporary repairs, including pipe clip

26、s(夾子) or cement boxes, will indicate reluctance(不愿、勉強(qiáng)) to make permanent repairs.,While it is not possible to determine the condition of the machinery without performance trial(試驗(yàn)),general deficiencies, such as leaking pump glands, dirty water gauge glasses, inoperable pressure gauges, rusted relief

27、 valves, inoperative or disconnected safety or control devices,evidence of repeated operation of diesel engine scavenge belt or crankcase relief valves(釋放閥),malfunctioning or inoperative automatic equipment and alarm systems, and leaking boiler casings(殼體，外套) or uptakes(煙道、管道),would warrant(使有正當(dāng)理由,

28、批準(zhǔn)) inspection of the engine room log book and investigation into the record of machinery failures and accidents and a request for running tests of machinery.,If one electrical generator is out of commission(壞了, 不能使用), the PSCO should investigate whether power is available to maintain essential and

29、emergency services and should conduct tests.,If evidence of neglect becomes evident, the PSCO should extend the scope of an investigation to include, for example, tests on the main and auxiliary steering gear arrangements, overspeed trips, circuit breakers(斷路器), etc.,Operation of the Machinery,The P

30、SCO may determine if responsible ships personnel are familiar with their duties related to operating essential machinery,such as emergency and stand by sources of electrical power, auxiliary steering gear, bilge and fire pumps and any other equipment essential in emergency situations.,For stand by g

31、enerator engine, the responsible ships personnel should be familiar with the possibilities to start it, automatic or by hand, blackout(全船斷電) procedures and load-sharing system.,For emergency generator, they must be familiar with the actions which are necessary before the engine can be started,differ

32、ent possibilities to start the engine in combination with the source of starting energy and the procedures when the first attempts to start the engine fail.,The responsible engineering officer should be familiar with which type of auxiliary steering gear system applies to the ship,how it is indicate

33、d which steering gear unit is in operation and what action is needed to bring the auxiliary steering gear into operation.,The responsible personnel ought to be familiar with the number and location of bilge pumps (including emergency bilge pumps) and fire pumps (including emergency fire pump) instal

34、led on board the ship,starting procedures for those pumps, appropriate valves to operate the pumps and most likely causes of failure of bilge pump operation and their possible remedies.,The PSCO may also verify whether the responsible personnel are familiar with: (1) starting and maintenance of life

35、boat(救生艇) engine and/or rescue boat(救助艇) engine,(2) emergency stops, fire detection system and alarm system operation of watertight and fire doors, and,(3) change of control from automatic to manual for cooling water and lube oil systems for main and auxiliary engines and maintenance procedures for

36、batteries.,Oil and Oily Mixtures from Machinery Spaces,The PSCO may determine if all operational requirements of Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78 have been met,taking into account the quantity of oil residues generated, the capacity of sludge and bilge water holding tank and the capacity of the oily water se

37、parator.,The PSCO may determine, after inspecting the Oil Record Book, if reception facilities have been used and note any alleged(明顯的) inadequacy(不充分) of such facilities.,Life-Saving Appliances,The effectiveness of life-saving appliances depends heavily on good maintenance by the crew and their use

38、 in regular drills.,The lapse(間隔) of time since the last survey for a Safety Equipment Certificate can be a significant factor in the degree of deterioration of equipment if it has not been subject to regular inspection by the crew.,Apart from failure to carry equipment required by a convention or o

39、bvious defects such as holed lifeboats,the PSCO should look for signs of disuse(廢棄的、不用的) of, or obstructions(堵塞物, 障礙) to, survival craft(救生艇) launching equipment,which may include paint accumulation, seizing of pivot(樞軸, 支點(diǎn)) points, absence of greasing, condition of blocks(滑輪) and falls(絞繩) and impr

40、oper lashing(捆扎、綁緊系固) or stowing(裝載) of deck cargo.,Should such signs be evident, the PSCO would be justified in making a detailed inspection of all life saving appliances.,Such an examination might include the lowering of survival craft, a check on the servicing of life rafts, the number and condit

41、ion of lifejackets(救生衣),and life buoys(救生圈，浮標(biāo), 浮筒) and ensuring that the pyrotechnics(煙火信號(hào)彈) are still within their period of validity.,Fire Safety,The poor condition of fire and wash deck lines and hydrants(消防栓) and the possible absences of fire hoses and extinguishers in accommodation spaces,might

42、 be a guide to a need for a close inspection of all fire safety equipment.,In addition to compliance with convention requirements, the PSCO should look for evidence of a higher than normal fire risk, this might be brought about by a poor standard of cleanliness in the machinery space,which together

43、with significant deficiencies of fixed or portable fire extinguishing equipment could lead to a judgment of the ship being substandard.,Fire Control Plan and Fire Drills,The PSCO may determine if a fire control plan(圖) or booklet(手冊(cè)) is provided and whether the crew members are familiar with the information given in the fire control plan or booklet.,The PSCO may witness(親眼看見(jiàn), 目睹,證明) a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these duties on the muster list (應(yīng)變部署表).,After consultation with the master of the vessel, one or more specific locations of the ship may be selected for a sim