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,解讀英語高考閱卷,反思中學(xué)英語作文教學(xué),短文改錯(cuò)的問題,1. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)概念不清。 2. 語篇識(shí)別能力不強(qiáng)。 3. 原文與右欄答案不一致。 4. 粗心,上下行錯(cuò)位。 5. 出現(xiàn)抄襲現(xiàn)象。 6.字跡潦草,字母間粘連,無法辨認(rèn)。 7. 答題不規(guī)范。,對(duì)課堂教學(xué)的建議,一、加強(qiáng)詞匯教學(xué),1. 音不離形,形不離音。 2. 詞不離句,句中學(xué)詞。 3. 意不離境,境中解疑。 4. 做中記憶,做中積累。,二、重視語法教學(xué),1. 重視基礎(chǔ),不搞偏題。 2. 重視模仿,追求地道。 3. 重視語感,加強(qiáng)實(shí)踐。 4. 重視綜合,提高能力。,作文閱卷中的常用語:,扣一分有理,給一分有據(jù)。,一把尺子量到底。,閱卷中質(zhì)與量的要求:,質(zhì):1. 主客相關(guān)性。 2. 有效度(1評(píng)與2評(píng)的匹配率),量:400份/天,回評(píng)卷:100份隨機(jī)投放一份,檢查你的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺子是否一把量到底。,閱卷老師:tired, responsible, machinelike,6000多份試卷為仲裁卷-小組長(zhǎng)批閱。 100余份試卷為問題卷-大組長(zhǎng)批閱。,何為問題卷? 圖像不清-太潦草,無法辨認(rèn)。 答錯(cuò)題目-位置錯(cuò)位,此現(xiàn)象少見。 其他錯(cuò)誤-如署上自己真實(shí)姓名的等。,抄閱讀文章中的句子; 不知所云.得分為0分,語言素質(zhì)欠缺;基本功差;語句毛病多;大小寫;標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào);書寫不清等等;得6分.,卷面不整潔; 涂改較多;語言錯(cuò)誤多;層次不清;得10分,語言不地道;中文式思維;詞匯錯(cuò)誤;卷面有涂改;得17分.,語言表達(dá)流暢;層次分明;連接不夠;得22分.,有少許語言錯(cuò)誤; 有背的嫌疑;得22分,評(píng)卷學(xué)科組組長(zhǎng)小結(jié),關(guān)聯(lián)詞的使用要與內(nèi)容銜接。 在寫作中不要唐突地出現(xiàn)試卷前文中的短語與句子。 連貫詞的應(yīng)用要注意說話人說話的方向、態(tài)度,不能或左或右。 語言表達(dá)比內(nèi)容更為重要。,閱卷教師 喜歡什么樣的作文?,字體工整,卷面干凈; 緊扣主題,條理清晰; 語言地道,過渡自然; 長(zhǎng)度適中.一氣呵成,閱卷教師 討厭什么樣的作文?,涂涂抹抹,斑斑點(diǎn)點(diǎn); 層次不清,段落不分; 語句不通,雜亂無章; 書寫潦草,卷面不潔;,作文訓(xùn)練應(yīng)該注意循序漸進(jìn),一:熟悉簡(jiǎn)單句的六大基本句型,二:弄清句子成份,強(qiáng)化句子成份分析,三:辨析句子的種類,明確句子的結(jié)構(gòu)層次,作文訓(xùn)練要講究方法,注重實(shí)效,一:以新課教學(xué)為載體,重視詞匯和句型的積累(Senior 3 ),二:運(yùn)用多種方法抓句子的表達(dá)訓(xùn)練 1 句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí) 2 連句練習(xí) 3 用詞造句練習(xí)(meaningful) 4 句型模仿練習(xí) 5 情景造句 6 話題連篇訓(xùn)練等等 7 作文實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練(不同文體),作文教學(xué)要講練結(jié)合,活躍思維,提升表達(dá)能力,1 作文的選題要貼近學(xué)生生活,體裁多樣,2 讓學(xué)生明白高考作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),重視作文的批改與講評(píng)(全批,面批,互批,齊批),3 作文能力的提升要有一定量的積累,謹(jǐn)防放羊式訓(xùn)練,作文教學(xué)要重視應(yīng)試技能訓(xùn)練,提高卷面得分,注意審清題目要求 注意用合理的體裁、題材 注意正確使用人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 4 注意掌握中心要點(diǎn),以防遺漏 5 注意正確合理地使用詞語與句型,防止表達(dá)的單一性 注意語言表達(dá)地道,防止?jié)h式英語,作文教學(xué)要重視應(yīng)試技能訓(xùn)練,提高卷面得分,注意大小寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和單詞拼寫,防止發(fā)生低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤 注意文章的檢查與修改,注意連貫,學(xué)會(huì)分段 9 注意文章的卷面整潔與整體布局,爭(zhēng)取印象分,考生應(yīng)正確使用過渡性詞匯,從而提高文章的連貫性、邏輯性和可讀性。 表時(shí)間順序的過渡性詞匯有first, second, then, finally/at last, immediately, suddenly, soon; 表空間順序的過渡性詞匯有here, there, on one side, on the other side, in front of, at the back of, next to; 表對(duì)稱關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有for one thing, for the other thing, on the one hand, on the other hand;,表并列關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有or, and, also, too, as well (as); 表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有but, however, while, though, otherwise,表因果關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有 because, since, as, thanks to, as a result ( of ); 表?xiàng)l件關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有 as long as, so long as, on condition that, if, unless 表讓步關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有 though, as, even if / though, whether, who (what、when、 where) ever; 表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過渡性詞匯有 whats more, besides, whats worse, to make the matter worse;,表過渡的插入語有 I think, Im afraid, you know, As we all know。,基 本 句 型,1主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語: A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. The plan sounds perfect. This material feels soft. This is where I work. 2主語 + 謂語: The telephone rang. His brother might have gone. We all breathe, drink and eat. 注:這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,狀語并非結(jié)構(gòu)上不可缺少的成分。但在某種情況下,不加狀語便不能表達(dá)完整的意思,這就引出了下列句型: 主語 + 謂語 + 狀語: The meeting lasted for two hours. We walked for five miles. This box weighs five kilos. He lives in Guangzhou. They will be flying to London.,3主語 + 謂語 + 賓語: She is reading a novel. You may have seen each other. He is doing morning exercises. This factory makes machine tools. Mary has ordered a new dress. I have had my lunch. 注:這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞,后面只跟一個(gè)賓語,因此稱單賓及物動(dòng)詞,一般不需狀語即可表達(dá)完整的意思。但在某些情況下,狀語必不可少,這就引出了下列句型: 主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 狀語: He put the vase on the table. Jim brought his suitcases upstairs. Ill take Mary to the station. They treated him kindly.,4主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語: She made herself a new dress. My father bought me a novel. Pass me the salt, please. 注:這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動(dòng)詞一般只限于某些雙賓語及物動(dòng)詞,它們可以分為兩類: 第一類:give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, tell, hand, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise, owe, refuse等。 第二類:make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, play, save, reserve, spare, order, cook, sing, find等。 注:間接賓語有時(shí)可以改成一個(gè)由to或for引導(dǎo)的短語,這在意思上沒有什么差別: Ill return you the book tomorrow. Ill return the book to you tomorrow. She made a new dress for Mary. She made Mary a new dress.,注:第一類可以改為由 to 引導(dǎo)的短語;第二類可以改為由 for引導(dǎo)的短語。 注:間接賓語用介詞詞組表示的場(chǎng)合: a. 對(duì)間接賓語加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí): Ive bought it for you, not for myself. Ill hand this letter to the secretary and not to the director. b. 當(dāng)直接賓語是一個(gè)人稱代詞時(shí): Ill send it to you tomorrow. Youd better hand it directly to the headmaster. c. 當(dāng)直接賓語比間接賓語短時(shí): She showed the picture to the students sitting near her. d. 當(dāng)間接賓語置于句首時(shí): Who did you send it to? To him I told the story, not to his brother. e. 當(dāng)間接賓語和直接賓語都是代詞時(shí): He gave it to me. Ill lend them to you.,5主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語: We have proved him wrong. What make you think so? She found the child fast asleep. I called him a fool. I have my hair cut. I saw the children playing by the river. 注:這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動(dòng)詞一般只限于某些復(fù)合賓語及物動(dòng)詞。,二 句 子 成 分,一、主語 主語可以用下面這些東西表示: 1. 名詞;2. 代詞; 3. 數(shù)詞;4. 動(dòng)名詞;5. 不定式;6. 詞組或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu);7. 從句;8. 名詞化的其他詞類,如: A foreign language is a weapon in the struggle of life. Who is speaking, please? This is Jack speaking. Two will be enough. Living in that island country for three months was an unforgetable experience for me. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, happy and wise. Whether well go depends on the weather. “A” is an article.,二、表語 表語可以用下面這些東西表示: 1. 名詞;2. 代詞;3. 數(shù)詞;4. 動(dòng)名詞;5. 不定式; 6. 詞組; 7. 從句; 8. 形容詞;9. 分詞; 10. 副詞;11. 介詞短語;如: The masses are the real heroes. Thats something we have always to keep in mind. She was the first to learn about it. My idea is this. Time is pressing. Lets hurry up. / They were excited at the news. All I could do was send him a telegram. We must be off now. They are twice the size of chickens. My idea is that we should stick to our original plan.,三、賓語 賓語可以用下面這些東西表示: 1. 名詞;2. 代詞;3. 數(shù)詞;4. 動(dòng)名詞;5. 不定式;6. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu); 7. 從句;8. 名詞化的形容詞及其他詞類,如: She lived a happy life. They didnt promise him anything definite. How many do you want? We need two. Pay attention to uniting and working with comrades who differ with you. Learn to play the piano. Ill get it stamped. Did you write down what she said?,四、定語 定語可以用下面這些東西表示: 1. 形容詞;2. 代詞;3. 數(shù)詞;4. 名詞或名詞所有格;5. 分詞; 6. 不定式;7. 介詞短語;8. 副詞;9. 詞組或合成詞;10. 從句,如: His words moved everyone present. We belong to the third world. We must live up to the Partys expectations. This is indeed a most pressing problem. There are two things to be discussed today. the interests of the people / a man of good temper / a child of five People here are friendly./ She is rather a fool.,五、狀語 狀語可以用下面這些東西表示: 1. 副詞;2. 介詞短語;3. 不定式;4. 分詞;5. 形容詞;6. 詞組; 7. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu);8. 從句,如: They were greatly touched to hear the old mans story. (副詞) They did everything they could to save the boys life. (不定式) I said it in fun. (介詞短語) They all rushed over, eager to help. (形容詞) They returned tired and hungry. (形容詞) We are working day and night . (詞組) He came up shouldering a spade. (分詞) We completed the work five days ahead of time. (詞組) Seeing this, some students became very worried. (分詞) He entered the room, his nose red with cold. (復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)),三 句 子 的 種 類,一、 陳述句: She arrived quite early. (事實(shí)) / She may have arrived now.

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