《英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解》PPT課件.pptVIP

中考語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí),之動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi),一、中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞的知識(shí)要求：,中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞的考查有： 1、掌握動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則； 2、掌握系動(dòng)詞be, look, feel, smell, get, become, turn, keep等的基本用法； 3、掌握助動(dòng)詞be, do, have, shall, will的基本用法； 4.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, must, need, may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法；,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,系動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,（一）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,_ 本身意義不完整，需要接賓語(yǔ)才能使其意思完整。 I like the book. 2. _自身意思完整，無(wú)需接賓語(yǔ)。 Birds can fly.,及物動(dòng)詞,不及物動(dòng)詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞主要 考察詞義辨析,1動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) I like English very much. 2動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ) We call the bird Polly (n.). 加名詞作賓補(bǔ)的詞有 choose, consider, elect, make, name I would like you to come to my hometomorrow.,1）動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式(to do) （賓補(bǔ)） advise allow cause enable encourage find forbid force wish invite order permit persuade remind tell warn expect wish,2）動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+省略to 的不定式（賓補(bǔ)）,一些動(dòng)詞要掌握，have, let和make, 此三動(dòng)詞是使役，“注意”“觀察”“聽(tīng)到”see，還有feel和watch，使用它們要仔細(xì)，后接“賓補(bǔ)”略去“to”，此點(diǎn)千萬(wàn)要牢記 一感feel, 二聽(tīng)hear, listen to, 三讓have, let, make, 四看see, look at, observe, watch,3）動(dòng)詞+adj (做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)),colour, keep, find,get,leave,make,paint,cut Please colour it red. I find it interesting.,4）動(dòng)詞加現(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)語(yǔ),get / leave / keep / set / catch / have sb. doing; see / find / watch / feel / hear / listen to / discover sb. doing 如:他讓我等了整整一上午 。 He kept me waiting the whole morning.,5）動(dòng)詞加過(guò)去分詞（補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）,過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，常見(jiàn)的詞有 have ,get, make have sth done 我理發(fā)了。 I have had my hair cut. 我讓別人明白了。 I made myself heard. I made myself hear that song.,3.動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ),bring, hand, lend , mail ,offer ,owe ,pass , post ,read, return , send ,sell ,show , take ,teach ,tell , throw ,write,+ sb +sth/ sth to sb,book ,buy, choose cook, draw ,fetch find ,fix ,get make, order ,pick prepare save sing spare steal,+sb sth/ sth for sb,不及物動(dòng)詞,1.沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式的詞 happen,occur,rise,lie,die,2.主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的詞。 動(dòng)詞+ (well,poorly,easily) sell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, dress, play, last, open, write, start, run, read, operate, break, measure, weigh 1.Dry wood burns easily. 2.The cloth washes well.,既作及物又有不及物動(dòng)詞的詞,他跑的快。 He runs fast. 他經(jīng)營(yíng)一家工廠。 He runs a factory. study，fly，run, change,二、動(dòng)詞考察點(diǎn)分項(xiàng)說(shuō)明：,（一）、掌握動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、過(guò)去式、 過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則； 1、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：,2、動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化： 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成方法是相同的。, 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化。（見(jiàn)九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表）,3、動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：,三、掌握系動(dòng)詞be, look, feel, smell, get, become, turn, keep等的基本用法；,常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞有：become, turn, get, grow, keep, feel, look, seem, smell, fall等。它 們后面常接形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 Please keep the classroom clean. 請(qǐng)保持教室的干凈。 The bread looks very fresh. 這些面包看上去很新鮮。,狀態(tài)變化系動(dòng)詞,go,come,turn,grow,fall,get become,四、掌握助動(dòng)詞be, do, have, shall, will的基本用法；,助動(dòng)詞是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，一般沒(méi)有詞義，不能單獨(dú) 作謂語(yǔ)，但可用來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，表示不同的時(shí)態(tài)， 語(yǔ)態(tài)，和數(shù)的變化。 常見(jiàn)的助動(dòng)詞有： （1）be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been) 與現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)合， 構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；或與過(guò)去分詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Im looking for my pen. 我正在找我的筆。（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)） These cups are made in China. 這些杯子是中國(guó)制造的。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）,（2）have (has, had, having)與過(guò)去分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。 They have known each other for twenty years. 他們互相認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） He had built a chemistry lab for himself at the age of ten. 他十歲時(shí)就已經(jīng)為自己建了一個(gè)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。（過(guò)去完成時(shí)） （3） 助動(dòng)詞do (does, did) 后只能跟動(dòng)詞原形，與not及其他動(dòng)詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成否定句，或置于主語(yǔ)之前構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。 He does not speak English.他不說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。 When did he come back? 他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)的？,（4）will (would), shall (should)： will能用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的任何人稱后；would是will的過(guò)去時(shí)，能用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；兩者后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。 The plane will arrive in ten minutes. 飛機(jī)十分中后將要到達(dá)。 I was sure we would win.我確信用我們會(huì)贏。 shall與should這兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義，shall只能用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)的第一人稱后；should是shall的過(guò) 去時(shí)，只能用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的第一人稱后；兩者后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。 We shall meet at the school gate tomorrow. 我們明天將在校門(mén)口見(jiàn)。 I told them that I should do the work alone. 我告訴 他們我將獨(dú)自做那項(xiàng)工作。,（五）掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, must, need, may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在英文中是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，包括請(qǐng)求、命令、允諾、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、義務(wù)、能力等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，但詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，且后面只跟動(dòng)詞原形。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)：,In detail,一、連系動(dòng)詞 (be, look,get) 二、使役、感觀動(dòng)詞 (let, make,feel 三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) (sell, write） 四、只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ) ( mind, enjoy) 五、只接不定式作賓語(yǔ) (ask, decide) 六、賓語(yǔ)不同、意義不同 (stop) 七、接動(dòng)名詞、不定式意義區(qū)別不大 (like) 八、賓語(yǔ)不同、但意義相 同 (need, require) 九、接賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)、形式不同(allow) 十、接虛擬語(yǔ)氣(suggest) 十一、瞬間非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 (come) 十二、表計(jì)劃未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞(plan) 十三、情感動(dòng)詞類(lèi)(excite) 十四、否定前移類(lèi)(think) 十五、不帶不定式作復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)(wish,hope) 十六、省略替代類(lèi)(guess),（六）掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, must, need, may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在英文中是“輔助性”動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，包括請(qǐng)求、命令、允諾、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、義務(wù)、能力等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身有詞義，但詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，且后面只跟動(dòng)詞原形。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)：,一、連系動(dòng)詞類(lèi),變化類(lèi):become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall go bad / hungry / mad / wrong fall (fell-fallen) ill / asleep feel (felt-felt) sick / sleepy 感觀類(lèi):look, sound, feel, taste, smell His voice sounds _. A.well B.beautifully C.excellent D.wonderfully,C,顯得類(lèi):seem, appear, look It looks It seems that It appears that 狀態(tài)類(lèi):keep, stay, remain prove, turn out 1.The weather will_hot for another two weeks. A.last B.remain C.get D.turn 2.The hot weather will _another two days. A.last B.remain C.get D.turn,B,A,The weather turned out (to be)fine. He proved (to be) honest / an honest person. 注：be, become, turn, remain 可帶名詞 He remains a teacher. =He is still a teacher. 1.He became _ teacher. A.a B.the C.an D./,A,D,二、使役、感觀動(dòng)詞類(lèi)：,let(不用于被動(dòng)）, make, have see, look at, watch, notice, observe, hear listen to, feel 1.The boss made them _12 hours a day. A.work B.to work C.worked D.working 2.They were made_12 hours a day. A.work B.to work C.worked D.working,A,B,口訣1： 1)四看二聽(tīng)一感覺(jué)，外加 make, have 和 let” 四看：see / watch / notice / look at/ 二聽(tīng)：hear / listen to 一感覺(jué)：feel,口訣2： 不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)省to的動(dòng)詞 【速記口訣】一感，二聽(tīng)，三讓?zhuān)目?，半幫?【妙語(yǔ)詮釋】一感：feel； 二聽(tīng)：hear，listen to； 三讓?zhuān)簃ake， let，have； 四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半幫助：help,三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)類(lèi)：,(well,poorly,easily) sell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, dress, play, last, open, write, start, run, read, operate, break, measure, weigh 1.Dry wood burns easily. 2.The cloth washes well.,3.The man always dresses well / poorly. 4.Your composition reads well except for a few spelling mistakes. 5.-Have you got a ticket for the concert? -No, the tickets_well and they _out last week. A.sell;were sold B.sell;sold C.sell;have been sold D.are sell;sold,A,6.Dont get that ink on your white shirt,for it_. A.wont wash out B.doesnt wash away C.isnt washing out D.hasnt washed away 7.They tried to get the car_,but it wont_. A.started;start B.to start;start C.started;started D.to start;to start,A,A,四、只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的詞/詞組,mind, risk, avoid, enjoy, miss, keep, suggest, appreciate, practice, delay, finish, dislike, excuse, imagine, consider, forbid, escape admit, advise, allow, put off, give up, be worth, be busy devoteto, look forward to, be used to, lead to, succeed in, spend/waste time (in) have a good/hard time (in) have difficulty /trouble (in) there is no use(in),1.She looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden. A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in 2.I would appreciate_back this afternoon. A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling 3.The day he has looked forward to_ at last. A.coming B.came C.come D.comes,D,C,B,口訣： 喜歡、考慮不可免（enjoy, consider, escape, avoid） 停止，放棄太冒險(xiǎn)（stop, give up , risk） 反對(duì)想象莫推延（mind,imagine, delay, put off） 要求完成是期望（require, finish, look forward to.） 建議繼續(xù)勤操練（suggest, go on, practice） 不禁原諒要堅(jiān)持（cant help, excuse , insist on） 繼續(xù)注意使成功（keep on, mind, succeed in）,五、只接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的詞/詞組,decide, expect, hope, wish, order, refuse, promise, pretend, agree, seem, attempt, fail, offer, happen, warn, afford make up ones mind to, be determined to used to, be about to, be able to, have to would like/love to=should like/love to 1.I would love_to the party last night. A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone,A,2.Mr Smith warned her son_after drinking. A.never to drive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never drive 3.She pretended_me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen,A,A,口訣1： 三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)：hope，wish，want，agree，promise 兩個(gè)要求莫拒絕：demand，ask，refuse 設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)做決定：manage，learn，decide 不要假裝在選擇：pretend，choose 口訣2： “要想干，同意辦，愿意不愿意，決定盡量干。” a要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean) b同意(agree,promise) c意愿(care,hate,refuse) d決定，企圖(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage),六、賓語(yǔ)不同、意義不同,1) go on to do / go on doing 2) stop to do / stop doing 3) remember to do / remember doing 4) forget to do / forget doing 5) mean to do / mean doing 6) regret to do / regret doing 7) try to do / try doing 8) cant help (to) do / cant help doing,cant help but do=cant but do =have to do I cant help but tell him the truth. 1.-I usually go there by train. -Why not_by boat for a change? A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going 2.-The light in the office is still on. -Oh,I forgot_. A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off,D,C,口訣： 能接不定式，又能接動(dòng)名詞，但意思不同的動(dòng)詞或詞組： forget, go on, mean, remember, stop, try， regret, 巧記， 即“四記力爭(zhēng)不后悔“。四記指(記得/記??；忘記；計(jì)劃/打算；繼續(xù))；力爭(zhēng)指try；不后悔指 “stop regretting“-stop 與regret。,七、接動(dòng)名詞、不定式意義區(qū)別不大,begin , start, continue, like, love, hate prefer It began raining. It is beginning to rain. I prefer staying home to going out. I prefer to stay home rather than go out.,Tired as he was,he continued to work. =Though he was very tired,he continued working. He likes playing football,but he doesnt like to play football today.,八、賓語(yǔ)不同、但 意義相同,need, require, want, deserve The room requires to be cleaned. =The room requires cleaning. 1.This sentence needs_. A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved,C,2.The baby needs_. A.looked after B.looking after C.look after D.to look after,B,九、接賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)、形式不同,allow, permit, forbid, advise, admit consider We forbid smoking here. We forbid anybody to smoke here. You are forbidden to smoke here.,口訣： advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit. 連接首字母即為a fus cap（阿福的帽子） 阿福的帽子，代表七動(dòng)詞，賓補(bǔ)不定式，賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞,十、接虛擬語(yǔ)氣的詞,1)insist 2)order, command 4)advise, suggest, propose , recommend 4)demand, ask, require, request 1.He ordered that we (should)leave at once. 2.His order that we (should) leave at once was right.,3.He insisted that his brother_ there. A.go B.went C.going D.to go 4.He insisted that he_ nothing wrong and _ set free. A.do;be B.had done;was C.had done;be D.did; was 5.His voice suggested that he_angry. A.is B.be C.was D.were 6.He suggested that the boy _ sent to hospital at once. A.was B.be C.is D.were,A,C,C,B,“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為”，接that從句，用陳述語(yǔ)氣即是陳述已知或發(fā)生過(guò)的事,口訣1： 一堅(jiān)持，二命令，三建議，四要求 其賓語(yǔ)從句用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”， should既可以省略，should也可以保留。 一堅(jiān)持，即insist；二命令，即order, command；三建議，即suggest, propose, advise； 四要求，即ask, demand, require, request。,口訣2： “i drop caps” 在某些表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議等動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞原形或should+動(dòng)詞原形。 iinsist, ddemand, rrequest/require/recommend, oorder, ppropose, ccommand, aadvise, pprefer, ssuggest.,十一、瞬間非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,go, come, leave, start, return, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open,close, die, become, break, join, kill, marry, graduate,buy marry-be married seat-be seated hide-be hidden engage-be engaged die-be dead begin-be on join-be in borrow-keep come-be/stay leave-be away buy-have=have got,1.He died ten years ago,thats to say,he has _ for ten years. A.been died B.been dead C.died D.been dying 2.When Jack arrived he learned Mary _for almost an hour. A.had gone B.had set off C.had left D.had been away,B,D,He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. The boy is so sick that he is dying fast. The bus is coming. The train is leaving.,十二、表計(jì)劃未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞,intend, mean ,hope, plan, expect, think, want, suppose, promise I had hoped to come here,but I had an unexpected visitor.,十三 、情感動(dòng)詞類(lèi),表示人的內(nèi)在感受的動(dòng)詞 encourage, excite, inspire, interest, amaze, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, astonish, shock, disappoint, discourage, puzzle, worry, tire, touch, relax,1.The news sounds _.(encourage) 2.The play was so _ that nearly everybody was _ to tears.(move) 3.Looking at her paper, she nodded with a_ smile on her face.(satisfy) 4.He looked at me with a_look. (puzzle),encouraging,moving,satisfied,moved,puzzled,十四 、否定前移類(lèi),believe, imagine, suppose, think, feel , guess 1.I dont think he can finish the work,_? A.cant he B.can he C.do I D.dont I 2.We dont believe she knows it,_? A.does she B.doesnt she C.do we D.dont we 3.You dont think