2020版高考英語(yǔ)第一部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)Unit3Amazingpeople能力提升題組訓(xùn)練（B）牛津譯林版.docx

Unit 3 Amazing people能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(B).閱讀理解AYou must have heard of Tesla motors,but do you know Nicola Tesla? Born on 10th July 1856 in Croatia,in Eastern Europe.Tesla was interested in electricity from a very young age.In 1881,one of the first telephone exchanges opened in Budapest.Tesla moved there and got a job.It was here that Tesla first thought of the idea of the alternating current (交流電) (AC). In 1884,Tesla moved to America and worked for Thomas Edison.But Tesla worked for Edison for less than a year.Tesla was sure his AC motor was the best way to capture (獲取) and transport the power of electricity.However,Edison thought his way of using direct current (DC) was better and considered AC to be unsafe.But soon the scientific community accepted AC was more powerful than DC and it was proved safe. In 1895,Tesla designed the first water power plant using the energy of the Niagara Falls.And he did it using the AC motor.After the success of AC,Tesla became well-known.He travelled and spoke to many scientists about his inventions and ideas.He built a large laboratory where he did amazing things with lights and electricity.However,it burned down not long after it was built. As Tesla got older,he continued to come up with new ideas and theories.But he was less successful and famous.Many people didnt recognize that particular inventions were really Tesla s ideas.Tesla gave speeches about creating electrical power from the earths atmosphere. He also talked about ways that wireless electricity and communication could power things all over the world! But to the people of his time,these ideas sounded crazy. However,some of his ideas have now been supported by modern research and technology. Teslas last years were lonely and sad.He received many awards,but received very little money.When he died in 1943,he was no longer famous and felt forgotten. Today,not many people know the name of Nicola Tesla but his inventions and ideas affect our lives every day!1.Why did Tesla stop working for Edison?A.Tesla was badly paid there. B.They had some disagreements. C.They had very different characters. D.Tesla wanted to move back to Europe.2.In his later years,Tesla.A.lived a colorful life B.was misunderstood and doubtedC.was unable to think out new ideas D.rose to fame as an award-winning inventor3.We can learn from the text that Tesla.A.became famous as an assistant to EdisonB.was ahead of modern technologyC.had great interest in travelling D.was not good at speeches4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Nicola Tesla,a challenger for difficultiesB.Nicola Tesla,a dreamer in scienceC.Nicola Tesla,a forgotten inventorD.Nicola Tesla,a strange scientist語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位被遺忘的偉大科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家尼古拉特 斯拉。答案及剖析:1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Tesla was sure his AC motor was the best way to capture (獲取) and transport the power of electricity.However,Edison thought his way of using direct current (DC) was better and considered AC to be unsafe.But soon the scientific community accepted AC was more powerful than DC and it was proved safe.可知,特斯拉主張用交流電機(jī)傳輸電流,而愛(ài)迪生更看好自己的直流電,由此可推測(cè),兩人之間的分歧導(dǎo)致特斯拉不再繼續(xù)為愛(ài)迪生工作。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的Many people didnt recognize that particular inventions were really Teslas ideas及第五段的these ideas sounded crazy.可知,特斯拉在晚年遭受誤解和質(zhì)疑。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的However,some of his ideas have now been supported by modern research and technology.可知,Tesla走在了現(xiàn)代科技的前面。4.C標(biāo)題歸納題。文章首句以問(wèn)句形式引出本文的主人公,文章結(jié)尾句Today,not many people know the name of Nicola Tesla but his inventions and ideas affect our lives every day!與首句相呼應(yīng),結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,特斯拉是一名偉大的發(fā)明家,然而卻不被人們所銘記。由此可知C項(xiàng)作文章標(biāo)題貼切。B(2018湖南湘潭高三三模)John Glenn,the first American to orbit the earth,died at 95,who was the last surviving member of a group known as “the Mercury Seven” test pilots who were chosen to become Americas first astronauts.Barack Obama released a statement about Glenns death:“Our nation has lost an icon and Michelle and I have lost a friend.”He praised Glenn for a lifetime of breaking barriers,including setting a transcontinental speed record and becoming the oldest man ever to go into space.He served as a military pilot in World War and the Korean conflict.Then,he served as a test pilot on military airplanes.On February 20,1962,Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth.He flew a spacecraft named the Friendship 7.He orbited three times during the almost five-hour flight.In 1998,he also became the oldest man to fly in space.The United States space agency,NASA,wanted to study the possible effects of space travel on old people.NASA said that they already had so much information about Glenn,so he was perfect for it.Glenn was not only an astronaut but a politician.He was a member of the Democratic Party.He first sought political office in 1964,to represent Ohio in the US Senate.He withdrew from the race after an injury,however.He ran again six years later but didnt win the partys nomination.Finally,in 1974,on his third attempt,Ohio elected John Glenn to the US Senate.He remained a member of the US Senate until 1999.Later,Glenn helped to create a public service school at Ohio State University which became the John Glenn College of Public Affairs.5.What do we know about John Glenn?A.He became an astronaut in 1962.B.He became the first person to orbit the earth.C.He once made a long space flight around the earth.D.He was the last to be chosen as a member of the test pilots.6.The underlined word “icon” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “”.A.hero B.sign C.partner D.leader7.According to the text,NASA thought that Glenn was perfect for the study because .A.he was a soldier as well as a politicianB.he orbited three times during the space flightC.they had already known much about his hobbyD.he was an experienced old man in space flight語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文,講述了美國(guó)第一位環(huán)繞地球的宇航員John Glenn的生平。答案及剖析:5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“On February 20,1962,Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth.”可知A、B兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù).who was the last surviving member of a group known as “the Mercury Seven” test pilots who were chosen to become Americas first astronauts.可知Glenn是被挑選為美國(guó)第一批宇航員的測(cè)試飛行員中最后一個(gè)活著的成員,而不是最后被選擇成為測(cè)試飛行員,故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)“He orbited three times during the almost five-hour flight.”可知C項(xiàng)正確。6.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文可知此處表示“我們的民族失去了一位英雄,米歇爾和我失去了一位朋友”,由此可知該詞與hero詞義接近,故選A。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一、二句話可知NASA認(rèn)為Glenn是這項(xiàng)研究的合適人選是因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)研究是為了研究太空旅行對(duì)老人的影響而且他們很了解Glenn在太空飛行方面經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富,故選D。.語(yǔ)法填空Yangshuo,ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1. (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours 2.,Id been at home in Hong Kong,with 3. (it) choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4. are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5. (painting).Instead,Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin,its only an hour away 6. car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo 7. (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8. (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it 9. (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10. (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇游記,記述了作者游覽陽(yáng)朔的所見(jiàn)、所聞、所感。答案及剖析:1.arrived考查時(shí)態(tài)。由主句中的was和后一句中的didnt可知,這里使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。2.before考查副詞。根據(jù)句意和Id been at home的時(shí)態(tài)可知此處表示“幾個(gè)小時(shí)前,我待在香港的家里”,“待在家里”應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作arrived之前,故此處填before。3.its考查代詞。因?yàn)閟mog是名詞,所以需要用it的形容詞性物主代詞形式。4.that/which考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)橄刃性~是物,且引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),所以用that或which引導(dǎo)從句。5.paintings考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。因?yàn)樵撛~由so many修飾,所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6.by考查介詞。乘坐交通工具可用by表達(dá),而且名詞原形前不用冠詞。7.is考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后文的時(shí)態(tài)可知這里使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),介紹客觀情況,又因?yàn)閅angshuo是第三人稱單數(shù),所以這里使用is。8.conducted考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此句的主干為A study of travelers names Yangshuo as one of the top.study和conduct之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以使用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。9.regularly考查形容詞變副詞。此處需要一個(gè)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞arrange,表示“經(jīng)常安排快捷的短假”。10.living考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,因?yàn)閜eople與live之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式,作后置定語(yǔ),此處表示“經(jīng)常為生活在上海和香港的人安排快捷的短假”。.書(shū)面表達(dá)(2018 Learning English 51期)假設(shè)你是高三學(xué)生李華,你在某英文雜志社Help欄目中Talk with Mr.Helper的主持人Mr.Smith幫助下減輕了壓力,目前在備考中一切順利?，F(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你給Mr.Smith寫(xiě)一封感謝信,要點(diǎn)包括:1.感謝Mr.Smith;