2019_20學(xué)年高中英語Module5CloningSectionⅡGrammar課件外研版選修.pptx

Section Grammar,一,二,三,一、觀察下列句子并填空 (1)I wish I could fly. (2)They wish they would travel in a spaceship. (3)I wish I had not created this creature. 剖析以上三個句子wish的賓語從句中都用了虛擬語氣。其中,第一句中賓語從句的謂語動詞為 ,是對 不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望的虛擬;第二句中賓語從句的謂語動詞為 ,是對 不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望的虛擬;第三句中賓語從句的謂語動詞為 ,是對 不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望的虛擬。,could fly,目前,would travel,將來,had not created,過去,一,二,三,二、翻譯下列句子,判斷黑體部分的構(gòu)成 1.If all places were same,there would be little need for geographers. 翻譯: 。 主句謂語構(gòu)成 ,從句謂語構(gòu)成 2.Even if I had the money,I wouldnt buy it. 翻譯: 。 主句謂語構(gòu)成 ,從句謂語構(gòu)成,答案:如果所有地方都一樣,就不需要地理學(xué)家了;would be;were,答案:即使我有錢也不會買它;wouldnt buy;had,一,二,三,3.If the teacher knew it,he would be angry. 翻譯: 。 主句謂語構(gòu)成 ,從句謂語構(gòu)成 4.I wouldnt lose courage even if I should fail again. 翻譯: 。 主句謂語構(gòu)成 ,從句謂語構(gòu)成,答案:萬一老師知道了這事,他會生氣的;would be;knew,答案:即使再次失敗我也不會氣餒;wouldnt lose;should fail,一,二,三,三、語法填空(用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) 1.She feels very lonely in that school.If she (make)more friends,she (not be) so lonely. 2.I didnt think about it carefully enough.I wish I _ (think) more carefully. 3.He murdered the people I love most.I wish he_ (not kill) them. 4.He looks so ugly.I wish he (not be) ugly. 5.She looks as if she (be) ten years younger.,made,would not be,had thought,had not killed,were not,were,1,2,In Sentence A,“Id” means.(教材第62頁) 在句A中“Id”的意思是 考點(diǎn) mean v.意思是 “Quake” means “to shake”. “Quake”的意思是“震動”。,1,2,考點(diǎn)延伸 (1)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義 What does “evidence” mean? 詞性 動詞 含義 意思是 I mean to call on you tomorrow. 詞性 動詞 含義 打算 Becoming a millionaire didnt mean an end to his money worries. 詞性 動詞 含義 意味著 That was a mean trick! 詞性 形容詞 含義 卑劣的,1,2,(2)means為mean的第三人稱單數(shù)形式,同時means也可作名詞,意為“手段,方法,財(cái)產(chǎn)” Television is an effective means of communication. 電視是一種有效的通信手段。 He got rich by devious means.他不擇手段大發(fā)橫財(cái)。 He did not have the means to compensate her. 他沒有錢來補(bǔ)償她。 歸納 類似means這種單復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞還有:sheep(綿羊);deer(鹿); Chinese(中國人);Japanese(日本人); Swiss(瑞士人);aircraft(飛行器);series(系列);works(著作);crossroads(十字路口);species(種類)。,1,2,(3)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的搭配及意義 Success means working hard. 搭配 mean doing 意義 意味著 What do you mean to do with it? 搭配 mean to do 意義 打算做某事 We express our thoughts by means of words. 搭配 by means of 意義 依靠,通過 This plan must be realized by all means. 搭配 by all means 意義 無論如何,千方百計(jì)地 Im by no means happy about his work. 搭配 by no means 意義 絕不,一點(diǎn)也不,1,2,1,2,Grammar:Subjunctive(1) 考點(diǎn)一 在動詞wish后的賓語從句中使用虛擬語氣,表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。 I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一樣高。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 考點(diǎn)延伸 (1)表示目前不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時,從句中的謂語動詞用過去式(be動詞常用were) I wish I were not so busy.但愿我不這么忙碌。 I wish it were spring all year round. 我希望四季如春。 I wish I knew what was going to happen. 我希望我知道要發(fā)生什么事。,1,2,(2)表示過去不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時,從句中謂語動詞用had+動詞的過去分詞 She wished she had stayed at home. 她當(dāng)時要是待在家里就好了。 I wish I hadnt spent so much money. 我要是那時沒有花掉那么多錢就好了。 (3)表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望時,從句中謂語動詞用would/could+動詞原形 I wish you wouldnt smoke any more. 我希望你不要再抽煙了。 I wish that someday I could live on the moon. 我希望以后有一天能住到月球上。,1,2,(4)注意:wish后的賓語從句的時態(tài)只與從句所指的時間有關(guān),而與wish的時態(tài)無關(guān)。 有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)下能發(fā)生某種情況或進(jìn)行某個動作,從句中的動詞也可用過去進(jìn)行時。 I wish it wasnt raining. 要是天不下雨就好了。,1,2,1,2,考點(diǎn)二 非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語氣 【高考典句】(2016全國高考乙)If it werent for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today. 要不是Rachel Carson,環(huán)保運(yùn)動今天可能就不復(fù)存在了。 考點(diǎn)延伸 (1)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況時,主句構(gòu)成:主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形;從句構(gòu)成:If+主語+動詞的過去式(be動詞常用were) If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英語的話,她不會找我?guī)兔Φ摹?I am sorry I am very busy now.If I had time,I would certainly come to see you. 很抱歉,我現(xiàn)在很忙。如果有時間,我一定去看你了。,1,2,If it werent for their support,we would be in a difficult situation now. 要不是有他們的支持,我們現(xiàn)在的處境會很困難。 (2)表示與將來事實(shí)相反的情況時,主句構(gòu)成:主語+should/would/could/might+動詞原形 從句構(gòu)成有三種形式,分別是: If+主語+動詞的過去式; If+主語+were to+動詞原形; If+主語+should+動詞原形。,1,2,If you came/should come/were to come tomorrow,we would have the meeting. 如果你明天來,我們就舉行會議。 If the teacher knew/should know/were to know it,he would be angry. 如果老師知道了這事,他會生氣的。 If you were to succeed,everything would be all right. 如果你成功的話,一切都會好起來的。,1,2,1,2,考點(diǎn)三 虛擬語氣的其他常見用法 The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老師建議我們下課后把黑板擦了。 Its natural that she (should) do so.她這樣做是很自然的。 考點(diǎn)延伸 (1)當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞為表示命令、建議、要求的動詞,如insist,order,demand,suggest,advise,propose,recommend,demand,require,request,desire等時,其后的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞為“(should+)動詞原形”,1,2,I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 我建議下周我們開會。 They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 他們堅(jiān)決要求這個男孩和他們一起去。 He ordered that all (should) take part in the work. 他下令所有的人都要參與這項(xiàng)工作。 (2)“It is desired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity.+that.”中的從句謂語動詞用“(should+)動詞原形” It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time. 我們有必要提前做好一切準(zhǔn)備。 Its important that we (should) take good care of the patient. 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。,1,2,(3)在advice,suggestion,proposal,order,idea,request等名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣,其構(gòu)成是“(should+)動詞原形” His advice is that we (should) leave at once. 他的建議是我們應(yīng)馬上離開。 I make a proposal that we (should) go out for a walk this afternoon. 我建議我們下午出去散步。 (4)在句型“It is (high) time+(that)從句”中,從句中要用虛擬語氣。從句謂語動詞用過去式,表示“現(xiàn)在該做某事了” It is high time that the children went to bed. 到了孩子們睡覺的時間了。 It is high time that we put an end to this discussion. 現(xiàn)在是我們結(jié)束講座的時候了。,1,2,(5)would rather后接的從句用虛擬語氣敘述現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖虑闀r,從句謂語動詞用過去式;敘述過去的事情,表達(dá)實(shí)際上并未發(fā)生的愿望時,從句用過去完成時 Id rather you went home now. 我寧愿讓你現(xiàn)在就回家。 I would rather he had come yesterday. 我寧愿他昨天來過。 (6)由as if和as though等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示方式時,意思是“好像”,這時從句中常用虛擬語氣。其從句的謂語動詞用過去式(be用were的形式)表示所說的與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反,用過去完成時表示所說的與過去的事實(shí)相反,The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child. 那位老師對待那個學(xué)生就像對待自己的孩子一樣。 I felt as though we had known each other for years. 我感覺我們好像認(rèn)識多年了。 注意:如果說話人講的事與事實(shí)相符,as if引導(dǎo)的從句中用陳述語氣。 It looks as if its going to rain.看起來要下雨了。 (7)If only.表示“要是就好了”。表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?jīng)常用過去式;表示與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望用過去完成時;表示與將來事實(shí)相反的愿望用would do If only I had taken her advice last week. 如果上星期我聽從她的建議就好了。 If only you were here tonight.如果今晚你在這里就好了。 If only I would go swimming tomorrow with you. 要是明天我能跟你去游泳就好了。,1,2,1,2,1,2,(11)George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but Id rather he (focus) more on its culture.,1,2,答案:(1)had not been (2)wouldnt have fallen (3)would have been injured (4)would be (5)Were (6)had been (7)stayed (8)