2019秋高中英語Unit4Earthquakes練習(xí)（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 4EarthquakesHere are some tips to help you increase the chances of surviving.Make a home earthquake plan.Find a safe place in every room，such as a desk or a table，where you can find cover in an earthquake. For twofloor homes，get a propersized ladder to get out through a window if the stairs are damaged.Decide where your family will remeet if you are separated. Decide on an outoftown relative for family members to get in touch with(與某人取得聯(lián)系)Attach things such as tall furniture and water heaters to the wall so that they will not be knocked over during an earthquake.Prepare an emergency kit(成套工具) for your home and a car that has food，water，clothing，flashlights，a radio and a firstaid (急救用的) kit in it.Know what to do when an earthquake starts.Drop，cover and hold on.Only move a few steps to a safe place for cover and stay there until the shaking stops.If you are in a car，slow down and drive to somewhere away from trees and power lines.Stay in your car until the shaking stops.Practice for the real thing to help keep a clear head (保持頭腦清醒) when a real earthquake happens.【詞海拾貝】1ladder n梯子2attach v把固定3heater n加熱器4emergency n緊急情況【問題思考】True (T)or False (F)：1The passage offers us five tips.()2When an earthquake starts，you should speed up and drive to somewhere away from trees and power lines.()答案：1.F2.F.重點(diǎn)單詞分類記拼寫高頻單詞1_vi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n突然破裂；爆發(fā)2_n廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)3_vt.毀壞；破壞；消滅4_n&vt.援救；營救5_vt.使陷入困境n陷阱；困境6_vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏7_n&vt.損失；損害答案：1.burst2.ruin3.destroy4.rescue5.trap6bury7.damage聯(lián)想拓展單詞1_n民族；國家；國民_adj.國家的，民族的2_adj.極度的_adv.極其，非常3_n損害；傷害_adj.受傷的_n傷害；損害4_n幸存者；生還者；殘存物_vt.&vi.幸存，生還，比活得長_n幸存，生還5_adj.無用的；無效的；無益的_adj.有用的6_n休克；震驚；打擊vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)_adj.震驚的_adj.令人震驚的7_vt.使驚嚇；嚇唬_adj.受驚的；受恐嚇的_adj.令人恐懼的8_n祝賀(pl.)賀詞_vt.祝賀9_n裁判員；法官vt.斷定；判斷；判決_n判斷10_vt.表示；表達(dá)n.快車；速遞_n詞語；表示；表達(dá)答案：1.nationnational2.extremeextremely3injureinjuredinjury4.survivorsurvivesurvival5uselessuseful6.shockshockedshocking7frightenfrightenedfrightening8congratulationcongratulate9.judgejudgment10expressexpression識記閱讀單詞1earthquake n _2event n. _3suffering n. _4track n. _5disaster n. _6shelter n. _7sincerely adv. _答案：1.地震2.事件；大事3.苦難；痛苦4.軌道；足跡；痕跡5.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍6.掩蔽處；避身處；掩蔽7真誠地；真摯地.重點(diǎn)短語快速記1_立刻；馬上2_以為沒什么了不起3_結(jié)束；終結(jié)4_嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪5_掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)6_許多；大量的7_以而自豪8_從判斷9_陷入10_埋頭于11_仿佛；好像答案：1.right away2.think little/nothing of3.at an end4in ruins5.dig out6.a(great)number of7be proud of8.judge from9.be trapped in10be buried in11.as if.經(jīng)典句式應(yīng)用記1In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were _(太緊張以至于不吃東西)(too.to.太以至于不能) 2It seemed_(仿佛到了世界末日)！(as if引導(dǎo)的表語從句)3_(他們無論朝哪里看)nearly everything was destroyed.(everywhere引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)4_(不是所有的希望都破滅了)(all.not部分否定)答案：1.too nervous to eat2.as if the world was at an end3Everywhere they looked4.All hope was not lost.Skimming for the main informationPart 1(Para.1)_ AThe damage and loss caused by the earthquake. Part 2(Para.23)_BThe rescue work after the earthquake.Part 3(Para.4)_ CSigns before the earthquake.答案：Para.1CPara.2APara.3B.Scanning for detailed information1The title“A night the earth didnt sleep”means_Athe earth was awake all night longBan earthquake happened that nightCpeople on the earth couldnt fall asleep that nightDanimals on the earth would not sleep that night2What does“them”in the sentence“No wind，however，could blow them away.”(in Paragraph 3)refer to?ARed autumn leaves.BSand in the wells.CBodies of dead animals.DBricks on the ground.3Who played the most important part in helping the people in the earthquake?AThe soldiers and the rescue workers.BThe college students.CThe miners in the coal mines.DThe injured and the dead.4Which is NOT true according to the passage?APeople in Beijing felt the earthquake.BPeople of Tangshan cared much about the strange events before the earthquake. CIf the earthquake had happened during the daytime，it wouldnt have caused so many deaths.DMany soldiers helped to rescue the people who were trapped under the ruins.5What does the last sentence “Slowly，the city began to breathe again”mean?AThe tree turned green again.BThe animals began to breathe.CThe city returned to normal gradually.DPeople who were trapped came to life.答案：1.B2.D3.A4.B5.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageBefore Tangshan earthquake，strange things happened and a 1._ gas came out from the 2._ of wells and animals became nervous.At 3：42 am，everything began to 3._The city turned into 4._ in just fifteen seconds.Many people，including workers and doctors，came to 5._ those trapped under the ruins.Later that afternoon，another big quake 6._ Tangshan，killing，injuring more people and making more buildings 7._Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers and teams 8._ to dig out the trapped and bury the dead.Workers built 9._ for survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city.Slowly，the city began to 10._ again.答案：1.smelly2.cracks3.shake4.ruins5.rescue6.struck7.fall down8.were organized9.shelters 10breathe.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text1Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.句式分析此句為復(fù)合句，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞another big quake。嘗試翻譯2But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.句式分析本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，people是先行詞，在從句中作主語。嘗試翻譯3A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.句式分析本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，crack是先行詞，在從句中作主語。嘗試翻譯答案：1.接著，在下午晚些時(shí)候，強(qiáng)度幾乎和第一次一樣的地震又一次在唐山爆發(fā)了。2但是，這個(gè)城市的100萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當(dāng)回事，那天晚上照常上床睡覺了。3一條8千米長、30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房屋、馬路和水道。A級基礎(chǔ)過關(guān).單句語法填空在句中空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1Li Pings brother is too young_(join)the army.2The storm_(ruin)the crops and the farmers lost their hope.3The hunter digged_the fox from the hole.4Everyone burst_ into conversation.5It is_(shock) that nothing was said.6_(judge)from the look of sky，it seems to be clear up.7The year is at_ end.The Spring Festival is on the way.8The number of the students standing outside_ (be)about twenty.9He doesnt speak English as_(fluent)as she.10A person _ email account is full wont be able to send or receive any emails.答案：1.to join2.ruined3.out4.out5.shocking6Judging7.an8.is9.fluently10.whose.選詞填空(注意形式的變化)right away；think little of；at an end；in ruins；the number of；tens of thousands of；be trapped；soon after；dig out；as if1I must warn you that my patience is almost_2When the accident happened，_people trapped under the mine reached 100.3_ people including the old and the young were buried under the ruins of the buildings after the earthquake.4Black clouds are gathering in the sky；it looks_ its going to rain.5Youd better go to the teachers office_，for our maths teacher has been looking for you.6The old castle now lies_Obviously，it is in need of repair.7Julia felt_ in a dead end job.8The people here_walking ten miles，for they walk to work every day.9Everybody in the town knew the news_the singing star was accused of not paying tax.10We had to_the car_of the snow.答案：1.at an end2.the number of3.Tens of thousands of4as if5.right away6.in ruins7.trapped8think little of9.soon after10.digout.完成句子1The box was_ for me_箱子太重了，我舉不起來。2_ the meeting never ended.看起來會議好像沒完沒了。3All that glitters_發(fā)光的東西并非都是金子。4Uncle Li has two sons，_serve in the army.李叔叔有兩個(gè)兒子，他倆都在部隊(duì)服役。5I _ a novel _ I heard a knock at the door.我正在看小說的時(shí)候，我聽見敲門聲。答案：1.too heavyto lift2.It seems as if3.is not gold4both of whom5.was readingwhenB級能力提升.閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Earthquakes are something that people fear.There are some places that have few or no earthquakes.Most places in the world，however，have them regularly.Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906.Over 700 people died in it.The strongest one in North America was in 1964.It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.In 1755，one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2，000 people died.In 1923，a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan.A hundred and forty thousand people died.Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008.It killed a large number of people.The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China，in which 400，000 people were killed or injured.This earthquake happened in 1556.Earthquakes worry people a lot.The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming.People cannot prepare for it.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了一些地震的情況，并重點(diǎn)介紹了歷史上一些比較嚴(yán)重的地震。1Earthquakes happen_Ain all the places in the worldBonly in the countries that have a lot of mountainsCregularly in most places in the worldDonly in a few places along the coast解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Most places in the world，however，have them regularly.”可知C為正確選項(xiàng)。答案：C2When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported?A1964；Alaska.B1556；China.C1923；Japan. D2008；China.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China，.This earthquake happened in 1556.”可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。答案：B3According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?AThe stronger the earthquake is，the more people are killed.BEarthquakes often come unexpectedly.CEarthquakes can cause fires.DPeople still dont know how to tell when an earthquake will come.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people.”可知A為正確選項(xiàng)。答案：A4What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph?AHow do earthquakes worry people.BWhat will people do to prepare for earthquakes.CHow can we save people when earthquakes happen.DHow do earthquakes happen.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming.People cannot prepare for it.”可知B為正確選項(xiàng)。答案：B.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Earthquake can strike without warning.But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.If youre inside a building，stay there！One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building._1_ Drop to the ground.Get under an object(物體)that is not easily damaged.Hold on to it until the shaking stops.You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your hand.If youre in bed when the quake hits，stay there and protect your head with a pillow._2_ Dont take shelter under a tree, streetlights，electric poles or tall buildings.If you are driving，stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses(立交橋)，buildings，bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you._3_If you are trapped in ruins，cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing.Use your cell phone to call for help if possible.Dont shout. _4_Tap(敲)on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you. Be prepared for aftershocks._5_However, sometimes they even happen months later.Therefore, if you are not in a safe position(位置)after the first shock，you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.ADont move about or kick up dust.BIf youre outside，go to an open space.CShouting can cause you to breathe in dust.DDont park your car under a tree or any tall object.ETake a good hold of your cell phone in the building.FThey can happen in the first hours after the earthquake.GMost injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.答案：1.G2.B3.D4.C5.F.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癋ire! Fire！” What terrible words to hear when I_1_ in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large，_2_ housethe sort that burns easilyand my room was on the top floor.I jumped out of bed，_3_ the door and stepped out into the passage.It was full of_4_I began to_5_，but as I was still only half awake，_6_ going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction.The smoke grew thicker and I found it hard to_7_The floor became_8_under my feet.I ran into another room and tried to reach the_9_ for fresh air.Suddenly，one of my feet got caught in something_10_and I fell down.The thing I had fallen over felt like a package of clothes，and I picked it up to protect my_11_ from the smoke and heat.Just then the floor _12_ under me and I fell through to the floor below with pieces of_13_ wood all around me._14_，there was a doorway in front，so I put the package over my face and ran.My feet were terribly burned，but I_15_.As I reached the cold air outside，my package of clothes gave a_16_I nearly dropped it in my surprise.Then I saw there were many people in the street.A woman screamed (尖叫) as she saw me and came running_17_“My baby! My baby！” she cried.Those people cheered loudly_18_she took the smokeblackened package out of my arms.I almost_19_to see who she wasmy bosss wife.I had_20_her baby，and become a hero!【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者主要講述了自己經(jīng)歷的一次火災(zāi)。1A.hung upBcalled backCwoke up Dturned back解析：由該空后的“in the middle of the night”以及下文的“I jumped out of bed”可知，作者聽到有人喊“著火了！著火了！”就“醒來(woke up)”了。答案：C2A.clean BemptyCstrong Dwooden解析：由該空后的“the sort that burns easily”可知，這是一座很大的“木制(wooden)”房屋。答案：D3A.opened BclosedClocked Danswered解析：由該空后的“stepped out into the passage”可知，作者“打開(opened)”門，來到了走廊。答案：A4A.water BsmokeCbooks Dtoys解析：下文的“The