外文翻譯--變速器介紹

附 錄 附錄 A 英文文獻 Transmission description Transmission gearboxs function the engines output rotational speed is high, the maximum work rate and the maximum torque appears in certain rotational speed area. In order to display engines optimum performance, must have a set of variable speed gear, is coordinated the engine the rotational speed and wheels actual moving velocity. The transmission gearbox may in the automobile travel process, has the different gear ratio between the engine and the wheel, through shifts gears may cause the engine work under its best power performance condition. Transmission gearboxs trend of development is more and more complex, the automaticity is also getting higher and higher, the automatic transmission will be future mainstre am. Automotive Transmissions mission is to transfer power, and in the process of dynamic change in the transmission gear ratio in order to adjust or change the characteristics of the engine, at the same time through the transmission to adapt to different driving requirements. This shows that the transmission lines in the automotive transmission plays a crucial role. With the rapid development of science and technology, peoples car is getting higher and higher performance requirements, vehicle performance, life, energy consumption, such as vibration and noise transmission depends largely on the performance, it is necessary to attach importance to the study of transmission. Transmission gearboxs pattern the automobile automatic transmission common to have three patterns: Respectively is hydraulic automatic transmission gearbox (AT), machinery stepless automatic transmission (CVT), electrically controlled machinery automatic transmission (AMT). At present what applies is most widespread is, AT becomes automatic transmissions pronoun nearly. AT is by the fluid strength torque converter, the planet gear and the hydraulic control system is composed, combines the way through the fluid strength transmission and the gear to realize the speed change bending moment. And the fluid strength torque converter is the most important part, it by components and so on pump pulley, turbine wheel and guide pulley is composed, has at the same time the transmission torque and the meeting and parting function. And AT compare, CVT has omitted complex and the unwieldy gear combination variable transmission, but is two groups of band pulleys carries on the variable transmission. Through changes the driving gear and the driven wheel transmission belts contact radius carries on the speed change. Because has cancelled the gear drive, therefore its velocity ratio may change at will, the speed change is smoother, has not shifted gears kicks the feeling. AMT and the hydraulic automatic transmission gearbox (AT) is the having steps automatic transmission equally. It in the ordinary manual transmission gearboxs foundation, through installs the electrically operated installment which the microcomputer controls, the substitution originally couplings separation which, the joint and the transmission gearbox completes by the manual control elects to keep off, to shift gears the movement, realizes fluid drive. Manual transmission gear mainly uses the principle of deceleration. Transmission within the group have different transmission ratio gear pair, and the car at the time of shift work, that is, through the manipulation of institutions so that the different transmission gear pair work. Manual transmission, also known as manual gear transmission, with axial sliding in the gears, the meshing gears through different speed to achieve the purpose of torque variation. Manual shift transmission can operate in full compliance with the will of the driver, and the simple structure, the failure rate is relatively low, value for money. Automatic transmission is based on speed and load (throttle pedal travel) for two-parameter control gear in accordance with the above two parameters to automatically take-off and landing. Automatic transmission and manual transmission in common, that is, there are two-stage transmission, automatic transmission can only speed the pace to automatically shift, manual transmission can be eliminated, setback of the shift feel. Automatic transmission is a torque converter, planetary gears and hydraulic manipulation of bodies, through the hydraulic transmission and gear combination to achieve the purpose of variable-speed torque variation. Also known as CVT-type continuously variable CVT. This transmission and automatic transmission gear generally the biggest difference is that it eliminates the need of complex and cumbersome combination of variable-speed gear transmission, and only two groups to carry out variable-speed drive pulley. CVT transmission than the traditional structure of simple, smaller and it is not the number of manual gear transmission, no automatic transmission planetary gear complex group, mainly rely on the driving wheel, the driven wheel and the transmission ratio brought about by the realization of non-class change. Widely used in automotive internal combustion engine as a power source, the torque and speed range is very small, and complex conditions require the use of motor vehicles and the speed of the driving force in the considerable changes in the scope. To resolve this contradiction, in the transmission system to set up the transmission to change transmission ratio, the expansion of the driving wheel torque and speed range in order to adapt to constantly changing traffic conditions, such as start, acceleration, climbing and so on, while the engine in the most favorable conditions to work under the scope； in the same direction of rotation of the engine under the premise of the automobile can be driven back； the use of neutral, interruption of power transmission, in order to be able to start the engine, idle speed, and ease of transmission or power shift . Transmission is designed to meet the above requirements, so that the conditions in a particular vehicle stability. In addition to transmission can be used to meet certain requirements, but also to ensure that it and the car can have a good match, and can improve the cars power and economy to ensure that the engine in a favorable condition to increase the scope of the work of the use of motor vehicles life, reduce energy consumption, reduce noise, such as the use of motor vehicles. Today the worlds major car companies CVT are very active in the study. The near future, with electronic control technology to further improve, electronically controlled Continuously Variable Transmission-type is expected to be a wide range of development and application. 附錄 B 文獻翻譯 變速器介紹 發(fā)動機的輸出轉速非常高，最大功率及最大扭矩在一定的轉速區(qū)出現。為了發(fā)揮 視對變速器的研究。 變速器的型式： 汽車自動變速器常見的有三種型式：分別是液力自動變速器 (AT)、機械無級自動變速器 (CVT)、電控機械自動變速器 (AMT)。目前應用最廣泛的是 AT， AT幾乎成為自動變速器發(fā)動機的最佳性能，就必須有一套變速裝置，來協調發(fā)動機的 轉速和車輪的實際行駛速度。變速器可以在汽車行駛過程中，在發(fā)動機和車輪之間產生不同的變速比，通過換擋可以使發(fā)動機工作在其最佳的動力性能狀態(tài)下。變速器的發(fā)展趨勢是越來越復雜，自動化程度也越來越高，自動變速器將是未來的主流。 汽車變速器的任務是傳遞動力 ,并在動力的傳遞過程中改變傳動比，以調節(jié)或變換發(fā)動機的特性，同時通過變速來適應不同的駕駛要求。由此可見，變速器在汽車傳動系中扮演著至關重要的角色。隨著科技的高速發(fā)展，人們對汽車性能的要求越來越高，汽車的性能、使用壽命、能源消耗、振動噪聲等在很大程度上取決于變速器的性 能，因此必須重的代名詞。 AT 是由液力變扭器、行星齒輪和液壓操縱系統組成，通過液力傳遞和齒輪組合的方式來實現變速變矩。其中液力變扭器是最重要的部件，它由泵輪、渦輪和導輪等構件組成，兼有傳遞扭矩和離合的作用。 與 AT 相比， CVT省去了復雜而又笨重的齒輪組合變速傳動，而是兩組帶輪進行變速傳動。通過改變驅動輪與從動輪傳動帶的接觸半徑進行變速。由于取消了齒輪傳動，因此其傳動比可以隨意變化，變速更加平順，沒有換擋的突跳感。 AMT和液力自動變速器（ AT）一樣是有級自動變速器。它在普通手動變速器的基礎上，通過加裝 微電腦控制的電動裝置，取代原來由人工操作完成的離合器的分離、接合及變速器的選擋、換擋動作，實現自動換擋。 手動變速器主要采用齒輪傳動的降速原理。變速器內有多組傳動比不同的齒輪副，而汽車行駛時的換擋工作，也就是通過操縱機構使變速器內的不同的齒輪副工作。手動變速器又稱手動齒輪式變