2014年10月試卷及答案詳解.pdf

00015 英語 二 試卷第 1 頁 共 15 頁 2014 年 10 月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試 英語 二 試卷 真題解析英語 二 試卷 真題解析 課程代碼 00015 第一部分 閱讀判斷 第 1 10 題 每題 1 分 共 10 分 下面的短文列出了 10 個句子 請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷 如果該句提供的 是正確信息 選擇 A 如果該句提供的是錯誤信息 選擇 B 如果該句的信息文中沒有提及 選擇 C 在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案涂黑 The Stranger Who Changed My Life It was a sunny morning in the spring of 1966 I was driving a taxi looking for a customer While passing New York Hospital I found a man running down the hospital steps waving at me I stopped The man reached the taxi and jumped in The Airport please he said As always I wondered about my passenger Was this man a talker After a few moments he started saying How do you like driving a taxi It s OK I said I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes What do you do I asked I am a doctor at New York Hospital Many times during long rides I d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them This time I decided to ask for his help Could I ask a favor of you He didn t answer I have a son 15 a good kid He wants a job this summer Is it possible that you get one for him He still wasn t talking and I was starting to feel foolish Finally he said Well my students have a summer research project Maybe he could join in Have him send me his school record He left his address and paid me It was the last time I ever saw him Robbie sent off his grades the next morning And gradually this incident was forgotten Two weeks later when I arrived home from work Robbie handed me a letter He was informed to call Dr Plum for an interview 00015 英語 二 試卷第 2 頁 共 15 頁 Robbie got the job The following summer Robbie worked at the hospital again but this time he was given more responsibility Then he worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed a love of medical profession Near graduating from college Robbie applied to and was admitted to New York Medical College After getting his medical degree Robbie the son of a taxi driver became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center 1 The doctor shouted at the taxi driver for a ride A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 B 解析 題干大意 醫(yī)生向出租車司機(jī)大聲叫喊要乘車 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 shouted at 對應(yīng)原文第一段第三句 While passing New York Hospital I found a man running down the hospital steps waving at me 原文是說醫(yī)生在向出租車司機(jī)揮手 并沒有大聲叫喊 題目的意思與原文的意思不符 故選 B 2 The doctor wanted to go to the railway station by taxi A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 B 解析 題干大意 醫(yī)生想乘出租車去地鐵站 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 railway station 對應(yīng)原文第二段第三句 The Airport please he said 原文是說醫(yī)生要去機(jī)場 而不 是去地鐵站 題目的意思與原文的意思不符 故選 B 3 The taxi driver liked talking with his customers A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 A 解析 題干大意 出租車司機(jī)喜歡和他的乘客聊天 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 liked talking 對 應(yīng) 原 文 第 六 段 第 一 句 Many times during long rides I d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them 原文是說很多 時候 在長途乘車中 出租車司機(jī)和乘客建立了良好的關(guān)系 還從乘客那里得到好 的建議 說明了出租車司機(jī)喜歡和乘客聊天 與題目的意思一致 故選 A 4 The taxi driver had two children A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 C 解析 題干大意 出租車司機(jī)有兩個小孩 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 two children 對應(yīng) 00015 英語 二 試卷第 3 頁 共 15 頁 原文第七段第三句 I have a son 15 a good kid 原文是說出租車司機(jī)有一個 15 歲的 兒子 題目所說的內(nèi)容在原文中并沒有出現(xiàn) 故選 C 5 The taxi driver became Dr Plum s friend A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 B 解析 題干大意 出租車司機(jī)和 Plum 醫(yī)生成為了朋友 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 friend 對應(yīng)原文第九廢第二句 It was the last time I ever saw him 原文是說那次乘車之后 出租車司機(jī)再也沒有見過這個醫(yī)生 說明了他們沒有成為朋友 題目的意思與原文 的意思不符 故選 B 6 The doctor wrote a recommendation letter for Robbie A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 C 解析 題干大意 醫(yī)生為 Robbie 寫了一封推薦信 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 recommendation letter 對應(yīng)原文第十段最后兩句話 Two weeks later when I arrived home from work Robbie handed me a letter He was informed to call Dr Plum for an interview 原文是說 兩周后 我下班回來 Robbie 給我一封信 信上說讓 Robbie 打電話給 Plum 醫(yī)生并 約定面試時間 文中并沒有說是 Plum 醫(yī)生為 Robbie 寫了一封推薦信 也許是別人 替 Plum 醫(yī)生寫的 故選 C 7 Robbie joined in a summer research project A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 A 解析 題干大意 Robbie 參加了夏日研究項(xiàng)目 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 joined in 對應(yīng) 原文第十一段第一句 Robbie got the job 原文是說 Robbie 得到了這份工作 the job 指代前面的 summer research project 故選 A 8 Robbie gradually got interested in medicine A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 A 解析 題干大意 Robbie 逐漸對醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 got interested in 對應(yīng)原文第十一段最后一句 Then he worked at the hospital developed a love of medical profession 原文是說Robbie對醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)產(chǎn)生了興趣 題目是原文的同義表述 故選 A 00015 英語 二 試卷第 4 頁 共 15 頁 9 Robbie finally became a doctor at New York Hospital A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 B 解析 題干大意 Robbie 最后成為紐約市醫(yī)院的一名醫(yī)生 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 New York Hospital 對應(yīng)原文最后一段最后一句 Robbie became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center 原文是說 Robbie 成為哥倫比亞醫(yī)療中心的一名醫(yī)生 題目的意思與 原文的意思不符 故選 B 10 Big opportunities can come out of ordinary meetings A TrueB FalseC Not Given 答案 A 解析 題干大意 大的機(jī)遇可能會出現(xiàn)在普通的交談中 題目的關(guān)鍵詞是 big opportunities 和 ordinary meetings 對應(yīng)整篇文章的題目 The Stranger Who Changed My Life 題目的意思與原文意思相符 故選 A 第二部分 閱讀選擇 第 11 15 題 每題 2 分 共 10 分 閱讀下面短文 請從短文所給各題的 4 個選項(xiàng) A B C D 中選出 1 個最佳選項(xiàng) 并在 答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將該項(xiàng)涂黑 Talk to Your Kids about Their Eating Habits Carefully Weight is never an easy subject It can be risky for parents to raise the issue of eating habits and weight with their kids No kid ever lost weight because his mother told him he was fat a friend told me when I was worried about my son s weight It turns out she was right according to a new study The study was directed by Dr Berge at University of Minnesota She found that kids whose parents discussed eating in a healthy way were less likely to have eating problems But 64 of the kids whose parents focused on their weight turned to unhealthy eating behaviors Some kids went on extreme diets and others even ate no food So eating disorders were caused Things were worse when fathers joined in the discussions with their daughters and focused on weight Fathers should never comment on their daughters weight says Berge Instead she suggests fathers should focus on their daughters interests That can help them feel loved 00015 英語 二 試卷第 5 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 and confident enough to work on their weight issues How should parents talk to kids about eating behaviors According to Berge they should avoid focusing on how much their kids weigh They should talk to them about being healthy Don t compare them with others Ideally both parents should share the responsibility If that s not possible choose the parent whose words cause the least amount of stress and who demonstrates healthy eating 11 The writer s friend advised her not to A worry about her son s weightB take the risk of gaining weight C change her own eating habitsD talk to her son about his weight 答案 D 解析 推理判斷題 根據(jù)文章第二段可知 作者擔(dān)心她兒子的體重 但是她的朋 友告訴她 沒有一個小孩因?yàn)閶寢屨f他胖而去減肥的 也就是說作者的朋友建議作 者不要和她的兒子談?wù)擉w重問題 故選 D 12 The study found that some kids had fewer eating problems because they A learned to eat healthilyB took part in the study C focused on their weightD believed the scientists 答案 A 解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)文章第三段第三句話 She found that kids whose parents discussed eating in a healthy way were less likely to have eating problems 可知 小孩的 父母談?wù)摻】碉嬍?小孩有飲食問題的可能性就很小 故選 A 13 When told about their fatness some kids A felt helplessB became angry C began to eat no foodD refused to take any advice 答案 C 解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)文章第三段第四 五句可知 關(guān)注小孩體重的父母會導(dǎo) 致小孩出現(xiàn)不健康的飲食行為 如極度節(jié)食 甚至不吃任何東西 故選 C 14 If a father focuses on his daughter s interests she will feel A amusedB encouragedC surprisedD challenged 答案 B 解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)文章第三段倒數(shù)第一 二句可知 如果父親關(guān)注女兒的 興趣愛好 就會幫助她們感受到被愛 對體重問題也會感到足夠自信 故選 B 00015 英語 二 試卷第 6 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 15 When taking to their kids about eating behaviors parents should A focus on being healthyB use short and simple words C respect their kids viewsD compare their kids with others 答案 A 解析 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題 根據(jù)文章第四段可知 父母不要討論孩子多重 而是要和他 們討論健康飲食 不要拿他們和其他人對比 而是要共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任幫助孩子健康飲 食 故選 A 第三部分 概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子 第 16 25 題 每題 1 分 共 10 分 閱讀下面短文 請完成短文后的 2 項(xiàng)測試任務(wù) 1 從第 16 20 題后所給的 6 個選項(xiàng)中 為第 1 5 段每段選擇 1 個正確的段落大意 2 從第 21 25 題后所給的 6 個選項(xiàng)中選擇 5 個正確選項(xiàng) 分別完成每個句子 在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑 Plagiarism 剽 剽 竊 竊 You just found some good stuff on the Web for your science report You copy a paragraph and paste it into your report Then you continue your research But you just made a big mistake You committed plagiarism Plagiarism is when you use someone else s words or ideas and pretend that they are yours It s not allowed in school college or beyond The word plagiarism comes from Latin It means stealing a person s ideas But it s not always easy to tell what is plagiarism and what is not Sometimes it s accidental You really intended to do your own work yet ended up with some sentences that sound just like something you ve read Though plagiarism can be accidental it s sometimes done on purpose That s just being lazy By copying whole paragraphs from different places you don t have to spend the time thinking about the subject gathering your own thoughts about it and then putting them into original words Cut paste and you re done Most schools are pretty strict about plagiarism If you re caught your graduation will be delayed or worse At the very least you re probably going to fail the assignment When you re older and in college some schools will kick out students who plagiarize When you re kicked out of one college it can be hard to get into another 00015 英語 二 試卷第 7 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 To be on the safe side always make it clear where the information comes from You need to write references That s a list of the sources you used for a project or report To do that you ll need to know the author the title and the date it was published If you write something really great maybe some day someone will quote you in a report Task 1 16 Paragraph 17 Paragraph 18 Paragraph 19 Paragraph 20 Paragraph 16 Paragraph 答案 C 解析 第一段倒數(shù)第二句是本段的中心句 講的是什么是剽竊 選項(xiàng) C 與本段對 應(yīng) 17 Paragraph 答案 D 解析 第二段第四句是本段的中心句 講的是有時候剽竊是偶然剽竊 并在下文 講述了什么是偶然刴竊 選項(xiàng) D 與本段對應(yīng) 18 Paragraph 答案 A 解析 第三段第一句是本段的中心句 講的是雖然剽竊可能是偶然剽竊 但是有時 候是故意剽竊 并在下文敘述了什么是故意剽竊 選項(xiàng) A 與本段對應(yīng) 19 Paragraph 答案 B 解析 第四段第一句是本段的中心句 講的是許多學(xué)校對剽竊懲罰非常嚴(yán)厲 并 在下文舉出了例子 選項(xiàng) B 與本段對應(yīng) 20 Paragraph 答案 F 解析 第五段第一句是本段的中心句 講的是為了安全起見 在引用別人的言語 時 要標(biāo)明出處 并在下文敘述如何寫參考資料 避免剽竊 選項(xiàng) F 與本段對應(yīng) A Purposeful plagiarism B The cost of plagiarism C The definition of plagiarism D Accidental plagiarism E Detecting plagiarism F Avoiding plagiarism 00015 英語 二 試卷第 8 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 Task 2 21 You commit plagiarism when you 答案 D 解析 題干的中心詞是 commit plagiarism 第一段講述的是引用別人的言語或想 法 假裝是自己的 就犯了剽竊罪 本題是說 將別人的想法作為自己的就犯了剽 竊罪 選項(xiàng) D 符合題意 22 Sometimes it is hard to tell whether 答案 F 解析 題干的中心詞是 hard 第二段第三句講述的是區(qū)別是不是剽竊并不容易 what is plagiarism and what is not 和 you plagiarism or not 是對應(yīng)的 選項(xiàng) F 符合題 意 23 Copying whole paragraphs can 答案 E 解析 題干的中心詞是 copying whole paragraph 第三段第三句講述的是從不同 的地方復(fù)制整段話 你就不需要花費(fèi)時間思考 本題是說 復(fù)制整段話會節(jié)省很多 時間 選項(xiàng) E 符合題意 24 Once caught for plagiarism 答案 A 解析 題干的中心詞是 caught 第四段第二句講述的是如果被抓住剽竊 你就會 被推遲畢業(yè)或出現(xiàn)更糟的情況 本題是說 一旦被抓住剽竊 你就會受到懲罰 選 項(xiàng) A 符合題意 25 If you publish something great people may 答案 C 解析 題干的中心詞是 publish something great 第五段最后一句講述的是如果你 寫了一些好文章 也許某一天就有人把你的文章引用到一篇報告里 本題是說 如 果你發(fā)表了一篇好的文章 人們就會把你的文章引用到他們的報告里 選項(xiàng) C 符 合題意 A you will be punished B you have great ideas C quote you in their reports D take others ideas as yours E save you much time F you plagiarize or not 00015 英語 二 試卷第 9 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 第四部分 填句補(bǔ)文 第 26 30 題 每題 2 分 共 10 分 下面的短文有 5 處空白 短文后有 6 個句子 其中 5 個取自短文 請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分 別放回原有位置 以恢復(fù)文章原貌 并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑 Fruit Imagine a world without fruit We wouldn t be very healthy We get a lot of important vitamins from eating fruit We think of fruit primarily as something to eat 26Fruit is part of a flowering plant and it carries the seeds The purpose of fruit is to protect a plant s seeds and help them get spread about Wind and water spread seeds So do animals when they eat fruit and drop the seeds 27 There are two main types of fruit fleshy and dry Fleshy fruits are soft and juicy Pears bananas and apples are all fleshy fruits 28Grains like wheat and rice or nuts like chestnuts 板栗 are dry fruits But wait You ve eaten oranges and grapes without seeds How can they be fruits It s because people have changed the way they grow fruit They can now grow seedless fruit Seedless fruit comes from special plants that are made by combining two varieties of a fruit to form a new variety These special plants grow and produce seeds 29These plants cannot reproduce themselves They can make fruit but the fruit has no seeds Fruits are a source of substances that keep us alive and healthy So people make use of fruits for many foods We make juices from them We make jams and sweets 30Beer comes from grains and wine comes from grapes and some particular wines are made from apples peaches or other fruits A Dry fruits are thin and hard B We even make alcohol from fruit C But fruit has a purpose quite apart from our needs D So these plants produce fleshy fruits E Then the seeds grow into new plants F But the plants grown from these seeds are seedless 00015 英語 二 試卷第 10 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 26 答案 C 解析 空格后的兩句話意思為 果實(shí)是開花植物的一部分 也承載著種子 果實(shí) 的目的是保護(hù)植物的種子并幫助傳播種子 與這兩句話的意思緊密銜接的就是選項(xiàng) C 意思是 果實(shí)有一個目的不同于我們的需要 故選 C 27 答案 E 解析 空格前的一句話意思為 動物吃完果實(shí)留下種子 與這句話的意思緊密銜 接的就是選項(xiàng) E 意思是 然后種子長成新的植物 故選 E 28 答案 A 解析 空格后的一句話意思為 像小麥 大米這樣的谷物和板栗這樣的堅(jiān)果都是 干果 與這句話的意思緊密銜接的就是選項(xiàng) A 意思是 干果又小又硬 與前面 兩句話形成對比 故選 A 29 答案 F 解析 空格后的兩句話意思為 這些植物能結(jié)果實(shí) 但果實(shí)沒有種子 不能再長 出植物 這說明這種種子長出來的植物是無籽的 選項(xiàng) F 是后面兩句的總結(jié) 最符 合題意 故選 F 30 答案 B 解析 空格后的一句話意思為 啤酒由谷物釀造 葡萄酒由葡萄釀造 一些特別 的酒由蘋果 桃子或其他果實(shí)釀造 這說明我們可以用果實(shí)釀酒 選項(xiàng) B 是后面 一句的總結(jié) 最符合題意 故選 B 第五部分 填詞補(bǔ)文 第 31 40 題 每題 1 5 分 共 15 分 下面的短文有 10 處空白 短文后列出 12 個詞 其中 10 個取自短文 請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將 其分別放回原有位置 以恢復(fù)文章原貌 并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上將答案選項(xiàng)涂黑 MentalActivities Help Save Memory Doing mental activities is helpful Reading books and writing at any age may save memory a new31finds 00015 英語 二 試卷第 11 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 The study was conducted by some American neurologists 神經(jīng)病學(xué)家 It32294 people They were given33on memory and thinking They had the tests once a year for six years They were also asked to talk about their mental activities during childhood in their youth during middle age and at their34age Some of those people did mental activities both35and late in life They had a slower36of decline in memory than the others The others37did such activities Their rate of decline in memory was 48 38 Mental activities like reading and writing are great They39bring benefits We shouldn t40their effects on our children ourselves and our parents said Robert Wilson lead author of the study 31 答案 G 解析 由空前的形容詞 new 和空后的動詞 finds 可知 空格處需要填一個名詞作 主語 再由下文的 the study 可知 空格處需要填 study 故選 G 32 答案 I 解析 由空前的 it 可知 空格處需要填一個動詞作謂語 根據(jù)本句句意 這里表 示該項(xiàng)研究有 294 個人參與 故選 I 33 答案 B 解析 由空前的謂語動詞 were given 和空后的介詞 on 可知 空格處需要填一個名 詞 再由下文的 tests 可知 空格處需要填 tests 故選 B 34 答案 H A earlyE fasterI involved B testsF produceJ neglect C seldomG studyK rate D taughtH currentL really 00015 英語 二 試卷第 12 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 解析 由空后的名詞 age 可知 空格處需要填一個形容詞 根據(jù)本句句意 這里 表示參與研究的人員被要求去討論他們在童年 青年 中年以及目前年齡的智力活 動 故選 H 35 答案 A 解析 由空前后的 both 和 and 可知 空格處需要填一個形容詞和后面的 late 構(gòu)成 并列結(jié)構(gòu) 根據(jù)本句句意 這里表示一些參與研究的人員做了早期和晚期的智力活 動 故選 A 36 答案 K 解析 由空前的形容詞 slower 和空后的介詞 of 可知 空格處需要填一個名詞 a slower rate of decline 意為 較緩慢的下降率 故選 K 37 答案 C 解析 該句結(jié)構(gòu)完整 空格處需要填一個副詞 根據(jù)上一句句意 這里表示其他 的人員很少做這樣的智力活動 故選 C 38 答案 E 解析 由空前的系動詞 was 可知 空格處需要填一個表語 根據(jù)本句句意 這里 表示很少參與智力活動的人的記憶下降的比率比經(jīng)常參加智力活動的人的比率高 48 故選 E 39 答案 L 解析 該句結(jié)構(gòu)完整 空格處需要填一個副詞 根據(jù)本句句意 這里表示智力活 動真的會帶來益處 故選 L 40 答案 J 解析 由空前的 shouldn t 可知 空格處需要填一個動詞 根據(jù)本句句意 這里表 示我們不應(yīng)該忽視智力活動對我們的孩子 我們自己以及我們的父母的影響 故選 J 00015 英語 二 試卷第 13 頁 共 15 頁 需要更多試卷可訪問 第六部分 完形補(bǔ)文 第 41 50 題 每題 1 5 分 共 15 分 下面的短文有 10 處空白 每處空白后的括號內(nèi)有一個詞 請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其正確的形 式填入文中 以恢復(fù)文章原貌 并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上 Labor Market Decline The decline of the labor market is easy to misinterpret interpret There are many reasons for that During the 1970s large numbers of women and young adults41 bear during the baby boom entered into the work force That42 result in too many workers for the jobs available and depressed wages The decline also has something to do with the explosive43 grow in world trade since 1960 As44 manufacture technologies have become more mobile production jobs have45 move from the U S to countries where wages are low In46 add technology itself has helped to cause the shifts in the job market For example 47 few American workers are needed to make steel today than in the past because new48 machine have made many of their tasks49 necessary Finally the high rate of50 employment caused by these factors has tended to drive wages down further 41 答案 born 解析 由空前的名詞 women and young adults 可知 空格