軟件工程題庫2.doc

The Software Process 1. During which phase of the software project management life cycle should testing occur? A. integration B. validation C. implementation D. maintenance E. testing occurs during each phase. 2. Why should each phase be fully documented before the next phase begins? A. The pressures to deliver the product on time are such that postponed documentation may never be delivered. B. The individual responsible for an early phase may not be available by the time that the documentation needs to be produced. C. A product is constantly changing during development. Until the changes are documented, modifications will be difficult to achieve. D. The question is incorrect. Documentation should be left under the product is finalised and is a specialised subject best left to expert technical writers. E. Postponed documentation may never be delivered, the individual responsible may have left later in the project and the fact that the product is constantly changing are all reasons why each phase should be fully documented before the next phase begins. 3. At which stage of the products life cycle should documentation be produced? A. testing, as it is only here that the technical writers can see what has been built and document it. B. maintenance, as this is the first phase when it is required in order to fix faults or make enhancements. C. specification, as it is needed to produce test cases for acceptance testing. D. at no stage, the use of modern techniques such as extreme testing obviates the need for any documentation E. throughout the project F. documentation phase 4. The individual or organisation who wants a product to be developed is known as the: A. developer B. user C. contractor D. initiator E. client 5. The members of the organisation responsible for building that product are known as the: A. developers B. users C. contractors D. initiators E. clients 6. One method of getting around the problem of the developers and clients visualising a piece of software and its functionality is to build a rapid prototype. What may be omitted from the prototype? A. its user interface B. requirements details C. functionality D. any of these may be omitted from the prototype E. file updating or error handling 7. The name of the organisation responsible for ensuring that the product delivered is what the client ordered is the: A. development team B. test team C. documentation department D. end-user group E. software quality assurance group 8. Which of the following items should not be included in the software project management plan? A. the techniques and case tools to be used B. detailed schedules, budgets and resource allocations C. the life cycle model to be used D. the organisational structure of the development organisation, project responsibilities, managerial objectives and priorities E. all of these aspects should be included 9. If a specification statement is to be testable then it one of the properties it must have is: A. tenacity B. probity C. longevity D. verifiability E. traceability 10. A fault to look for during testing of the products design is: A. logic fault B. interface fault C. lack of exception handling D. non-conformance to specifications E. all of theses are examples of faults to look for during testing of the products design. 11. Why is it necessary to carry out acceptance testing? A. The test group may not be competent enough. B. To receive the final payment for the completed product. C. Over 50% of the faults are found at the acceptance test phase. D. It is not until this stage of the testing that the system as a whole (hardware and software) is exercised. E. The users may use a combination of functions and data that are not anticipated by the developers. 12. The final form of testing COTS software is _ testing. A. unit B. integration C. alpha D. module E. beta 13. More time and money is spent in the _ phase than any other phase. A. requirements B. specification C. implementation D. integration E. maintenance 14. In the maintenance phase the product must be tested against previous test cases. This is known as _ testing. A. unit B. integration C. regression D. module E. beta 15. According to Brooks No Silver Bullet 1986, which aspect of software production is inherently difficult? A. complexity B. conformity C. changeability D. invisibility E. all of these 16. A major problem with the essence of software is that it is invisible and unvisual (Brooks, 1986). Visualisations such as flowcharts and data flow diagrams are extremely useful and powerful ways of visualising certain aspects of the product. What is the problem with the use of such diagrams?A. There is no standard agreed notation for each of the diagrams. B. Programming is an art and not an engineering science. Thus only an abstract diagram can capture the models semantics and such diagrams are subject to personal interpretation. C. Software is three-dimensional and only a few specialised systems can depict three-dimensional diagrams. D. Visualisations are not an effective means of communicating with clients and other software engineers. E. Such diagrams cannot embody every aspect of the product, nor is there a way of determining what is missing from any one visual representation of the product. 17. According to Brooks (1986) which approach is capable of achieving an order of magnitude improvement in software development p