高中英語 Unit4 Earthquakesgrammar學(xué)案 新人教版必修1.doc

unit4 earthquakes-grammar學(xué)案the attributive clauses 定語從句i. sentences translation (english into chinese)1. but the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (line 8)2. it was felt in beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. (line 11)3. a huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. (line 13)4. the number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (line 16)5. then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook tangshan. (line 24)6. the army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (line 32)7. workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (line 35)8. the powerful earthquake of tangshan happened in the city of tangshan, hebei province on july 28th, 1976, which caused more than 240,000 deaths and the whole city was destroyed. (best english p35)9. however, they can warn people who live in these areas by prediction, in advance to take precautions against such disasters. (best english p35)ii. summary of the rules of the attributive clauses1. 關(guān)系代詞/副詞關(guān)系代詞/副詞在從句中的成分所指代的先行詞例 句who /whom主語/賓語（可?。┲溉薶e who laughs last laughs best.this is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday.which主語/賓語（可?。┲肝?事a thing which was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.that主語/賓語（可省）指物/事the panda that is chosen dragon warrior is big and fat.指人they that know nothing fear nothing.whose定語（某的）指人workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.指物/事the book whose cover is blue is mine.when時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間ill never forget the day when the earthquake happened.where地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)this is the place where we first met.why原因狀語原因the reason why he was late was that he missed the bus.2只用that不用which的情況 當(dāng)先行詞是1）不定代詞all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等時(shí)e.g. you can take any seat that is free. we should do all that is useful to the people.2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時(shí)；e.g. it is the only thing that we can do.3）是或被序數(shù)詞the first /second /third所修飾時(shí)； e.g. this is the first place that i want to visit.4）被形容詞最高級所修飾時(shí)； e.g. this is the most interesting book that i have ever read.5）同時(shí)指人和事/物時(shí)； e.g. we talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.6）主句以there be 開頭時(shí) e.g. there is the matter that i can do.3只用which不用that的情況 1）介詞后 2）逗號后，即非限定性定語從句中 3）句中已經(jīng)有that的時(shí)候e.g. that which is evil is soon learnt. 學(xué)壞容易。4whose = the +名詞+ of + which/whom 指“某人/物的” when = at /in /on 等介詞+which where =at /in /on /from /to等介詞+which why =介詞for + whichiii. english proverbs1. he who laughs last laughs best. 誰笑在最后，誰笑得最好。2. those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.家居玻璃房，切忌亂扔石。（自己有弱點(diǎn)，勿揭他人短。）3. when in rome do as the romans do.（入鄉(xiāng)隨俗）4. he who does not reach the great wall is not a true man. 不到長城非好漢。5. he who has a lazy hand has an empty mouth.手懶餓肚皮。6. he that loses his honesty has nothing失去誠實(shí)就失去了一切7. god helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。8. he who does not advance loses ground. (=anyone who does not advance loses ground.)逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。9. he who laughs on friday will weep on sunday. 樂極必生悲。10. they who cannot do as they would must do as they can. 事不由己，也需努力。iv. translation (chinese into english) 我們這個(gè)單元學(xué)習(xí)的課文是關(guān)于地震的。地震前幾天，會發(fā)生一些奇怪的現(xiàn)象，如變得反常的（abnormal）水井、動物、氣候等。接著，一場突發(fā)其來卻似乎使世界到了末日的大地震僅持續(xù)十幾秒。這場大災(zāi)難使人們平靜生活了多年的城市頃刻間成了一片廢墟。幸好，救援人員及時(shí)趕到，挖出受困的人們，并為那些家園被毀的幸存者搭建避難所。慢慢地，這座城市又出現(xiàn)了生機(jī)。定語從句練習(xí)一、選擇題1. do you know the girl _ is talking with your mother?a. who b. which c. whose d. / 2. this is the kite _ billy fisher gave to toma. who b. which c. / d. both b and c 3. he was the only one _ was saved in the earthquake. a. who b. that c. which d. a and b 4. this is the only present _ i like. a. who b. that c. which d. b and c5. this is the most beautiful place _ i have ever seen. a. which b. who c. where d. / 6. all _ i can do is to give him some money. a. that b. which c. who d. what 7. is there anything else _ you need? a. which b. that c. who d. what 8. the museum _ we visited last week isnt far from here. a. where b. which c. what d. who 9. where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday? a. which b. who c. what d. / 10. most of the people _ lost their lives in the earthquake are sichuan natives. a. when b. who c. how d. which 11. do you think most students prefer tests _ have easy questions? a. who b. where c. when d. that 12. my mum prefers music _ quiet and gentle. a. that are b. that is c. which has d. whose is 13. the boy _ you saw just now is toms brother. a. which b. whose c. when d. / 14. the bike and its rider _ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman. a. whichb. thatc. itd. whom15. she was becoming fat, _ bothered her very much. a. whichb. thatc. itd. of whom16. the amazon(亞馬遜河), _ lies in the andes(安第斯山脈) is the worlds longest river. a. its sourceb. which sourcec. whose sourced. the source of it17. the reason _ i cant come is _ i have to work late. a. for, whyb. why, becausec. because, thatd. why, that18. who is that man _ is telling the children a story? a. whob. whomc. thatd. whoever19. she tells us that lao wang is a person _ we can learn a lot. a. whomb. thatc. from whomd. about whom20. is this the factory _ you worked five years ago? a. in whichb. in wherec. in thatd. that二、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1. do you like the present _ i bought you yesterday?2. the storybook _ was written by his uncle is quite interesting.3. the boy _ computer doesnt work well needs your help.4. this is the best movie _ we have seen this year.5. the doctor _ we met in the street is from america.6. the passengers and the suitcases _ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.7. who is the girl _ you want to make friends with?8. this is the last lesson _ mr. smith taught us.9. i, _ am your friend, will help you out.10. the building _ wall is white is my uncles house.11. the boy _ john spoke with is my brother.12. will you please lend me the very picture _ you bought yesterday?13. the students _ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.14. the season _ comes after spring is summer.15. this is t